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2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习说理议论阅读理解基础练习
(4)说理议论(阅读理解)由xx江西D改编Manypeoplewritetonewspapersandmagazinestoexpresstheiropinions.Letterstotheeditormustcarrythewriter’sfullnameaddressandtelephonenumberalthoughtheinformationisnotnecessaryforpublication.Thisrequirementtoprovidepersonalparticularsisaclearindicationthatwritersareheldresponsibleforwhattheysay.Whenawriterwantshisvoiceheardheneedstoclaimownershipofhisvoice.Responsibilityisthenameofthegame.“Peopletodaypreferlivingtogethertoputtingtheirsignaturesonamarriagecertificatebecausetheyrefusetoacceptresponsibilityfortherelationship”saidsocialworkerKenYip“andthisiswhatiscausingalotoffamilyproblems.”Whenwesignapaperforexampleabusinesscontractorabankdocumentthesignatureisasealofconsentanagreementtotakethematterseriously.Mostgovernmentsandmanyorganizationswillnotprocesswrittenplaintsiftheydonotbearthewriter’ssignature.Theabsenceofasignaturetheyexplaintellsusthatthewritercannotbetooseriousandthereforedoesnotdeserveareply.Therearepeoplewhowishtoremainanonymous匿名的forvariousreasons.Multi-billionaireMr.Kingdonatesgenerouslytocharityseveraltimesayear.Hegivessimplybecausehewantstohelpbutnotforthepublicityhisdonationsmaybringandhedoesnotwanthisgooddeedstomakenews.Inothercasespeopleinsistonanonymitybecausetheyareafraidoftheconsequencesofrevealingtheiridentity.Crimewitnessesmaybewillingtoassistthepolicebutmostareunwillingtogivetheirnameswhenreportingacrime.NameornonameTheanswerisverypersonalandliesinhowmuchwewanttogetinvolved.Weallhaveaname.Itisamatterofresponsibilitytouseitwhenwemakeastatementaclaimoranaccusation.Weallwanttohonourourownnameanditisonlybystampingourexpressionofanopinionwithourownnamethatwehonourwhatwesay.
1.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Responsibilityisthenameofthegame” A.Writersneedtoprovidetheirpersonalinformationinthegame.B.Publicationsmustbearthewriter’sfullnameaddressandphonenumber.C.Writersshouldberesponsiblefortheirnames.D.Namesarerequiredtoindicatewriters’responsibilityforwhattheysay.
2.Thesecondparagraphsuggeststhatapaperwithoutasignaturemay . A.helptoendarelationshipB.notgetareplyC.beacceptedallthesameD.beeafamilyproblem
3.Somepeopledon’twanttheirnamesknownbecausetheyare . A.hesitanttomakeadonationB.unwillingtodrawpublicattentionC.afraidofanaccusationD.readyforinvolvement
4.Thepassageismainlyabout . A.honourandwritersB.identityandsignatureC.signatureandresponsibilityD.anonymityandsignature语篇解读:本文论述了“署名”的问题署名是负责任的象征但有些情况下人们不愿“署名”答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题由文章论述的内容尤其是末段倒数第二句的Itisamatterofresponsibilitytouseitwhenwemakeastatementaclaimoranaccusation.可以推出D项正确
2.B 事实细节题由第二段末句可知答案为B
3.B 事实细节题由文章倒数第二段内容可知答案为B
4.C 主旨大意题通读文章可知本文主要讲述的是署名与责任的问题故选C【长难句子分析】我们都以自己的名字为荣只有在我们表述的建议上签上自己的名字我们才能尊重自己所说的话该句中使用了强调句式阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项InpartsofAfricatheskyisfilledwithadarkcloud.Butthisisnoraincloud.Itisalivingcloudmadeofbillionsoflocuststhataretravelingacrossthecontinenteatingeverythingintheirpath.AndinthebattletostopthisdisasteraradiostationinSenegalWestAfricaisofferinglisteners50kilogramsofriceiftheycancatchandkill50kilogramsoflocusts.TheradiostationisinoneofSenegal’sworstaffectedregions.ThisisWestAfrica’sbiggestlocustdisasterin15yearsanditismovingeastcausinghugedamagetocrops.AstheymovetheybreedandincreasetheirnumberandwillsoonthreatenSudaninthenortheastofAfrica.SomesayitcouldreachAsia.Expertssaythegreatdamagetocropsinareasalreadysufferingfromfoodshortagesandwarcouldcausemanypeopletogohungry.Governmentsintheregionarenotwellequippedtofightthepest.Althoughleadersof12countrieshaveagreedonaplanitisnotexpectedtobeenough.“Wearenowtreating6000hectaresperdaywithpesticidebutweneedtotreat20000hectaresperdayinordertohaveanyhopeofcontrollingthisdisaster”saidMohamedAbdallahiOuldBabahdirectoroflocustcontrolinMauritania.RequestsarebeingmadeforinternationalaidwhichistheonlywaytolimitthecrisistheUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarned.
1.ThepurposeofofferingpeoplericeforcatchinglocustsinSenegalis________.A.togetmorepeopletoeatricesoastoleavelessforlocustsB.togetmorepeopleinvolvedinthewaronthelocustsC.topreventmorepeoplefromstarvationD.togetmorepeopletolistentotheradioreportonlocusts
2.WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforWestAfricansgoinghungryA.Locustdisastercausesthegreatdamagetocrops.B.Foodsupplyisfarfromtheneedofthepeople.C.Theseregionsareaffectedbythewar.D.Governmentsareunwillingtofightthepest.
3.Itcanbeconcludedthatinordertoendthelocustdisaster________.A.leadersof12countriesinWestAfricashouldcallontheirpeopletotakeactionB.insectsexpertsshouldbesenttotheseregionsC.othercountriesoutsideAfricashouldkeepclosewatchontheirownlandsD.Helpfromallovertheworldisinurgentdemand
4.WhatdoesthepassagemainlytalkaboutA.FoodshortageinAfrica.B.InternationalaidtoAfrica.C.TheinsectsattackonAfrica.D.TerriblestorminAfrica.
1.B推测题根据第二段意义,广播电台向听众悬赏捕杀蝗虫可推测出其目的是让更多的人参与到救灾行动中来
2.D细节理解题根据第四段意义专家称一些地区本来就食品匮乏,并饱受战火之苦,而灾害给农作物产量造成的损失更是雪上加霜许多人因此而挨饿
3.D推理题根据短文最后一段的意义国际社会施以援手是抑制灾情的唯一方法由此推理可得“国际援助迫在眉睫”
4.C主旨题根据短文第一段的描述及下文的阐发可看出本文的主题是“非洲西部的虫灾”阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项Ifyoulookforabookasapresentforachild,youwillbespoiledforchoiceeveninayearthereisnonewHarryPatten.J.KRowling’swizardisnotalone.Thepastdecadehasbeenaharvestforgoodchildren’sbookswhichhassetoffalargequantityoffilmsandanincreasedsalesofclassicssuchasThelardoftheRings.Yetdespitethatreadingisincreasinglyunpopularamongchildren.Accordingtostatisticsin199723%saidtheydidn’tlikereadingatall.In200335%didn’t.Andaround6%ofthechildrenleaveprimaryschooleachyearunabletoreadproperly.Maybethedeclineiscausedbytheincreasingavailabilityofputesgames.Maybethebooksboomhasaffectedonlythetopoftheeducationalpile.EitherwayChancellorCordonBrownplanstochangethingsforthebottomoftheclass.Inhispre-budgetreportheannouncedthenationalprojectofReadingRecoverytohelpthechildrenstrugglingmost.ReadingRecoveryisaimedatsixyearoldswhoreceivefourmonthsofindividualdailyhalf-hourclasseswithaspeciallytrainedteacher.Anevaluationthisyearreportedthatchildrenontheschoolmade20months’progressinjustoneyearwhereassimilarlyweakreaderswithoutspecialhelpmadejustfivemonths’progressandsoendedtheyearevenfurtherbelowthelevelexpectedfortheirage.InternationalresearchtendstofindthatwhenBritishchildrenleaveprimaryschooltheyreadwellbutreadtextoftenforfunthanthoseelsewhere.Readingforfunmattersbecausechildrenwhoarekeenonreadingcanreportlifelongpleasureandlovingbooksisanexcellentindicatoroffutureeducationalsuccess.AccordingtotheOECDbeingaregularandenthusiasticreaderisofgreatadvantage.1.WhichofthefollowingistrueofParagraph1A.Manychildren’sbookshavebeenadaptedfromfilms.B.Manyhigh-qualitychildren’sbookshavebeenpublished.C.Thesalesofclassicshaveledtothepopularityoffilms.D.Thesalesofpresentsforchildrenhaveincreased.2.Statisticssuggestedthat_____________.A.thenumberoftopstudentsincreasedwiththeuseofputersB.adecreasingnumberofchildrenshowedinterestinreadingC.aminorityofprimaryschoolchildrenreadproperlyD.ahugepercentageofchildrenreadregularly3.WhatdoweknowaboutReadingRecoveryA.Anevaluationofitwillbemadesometimethisyear.B.Weakreadersontheprojectwerethemosthardworking.C.Itaimstotrainspecialteacherstohelpchildrenwithreading.D.Childrenontheprojectshowednoticeableprogressinreading.4.Readingforfunisimportantbecausebook-lovingchildren_________.A.takegreateradvantageoftheprojectB.showthepotentialtoenjoyalonglifeC.arelikelytosucceedintheireducation.D.wouldmakeexcellentfutureresearchers5.Theaimofthistextwouldprobablybe_________.A.toovereprimaryschoolpupilsreadingdifficulty.B.toencouragethepublicationofmorechildren’sbooksC.toremindchildrenoftheimportanceofreadingforfunD.tointroduceawaytoimproveearlychildrenreading【参考答案】1—
5、BBDCD阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项IcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearago.YetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccidentmyroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefulanddeterminedtorepayhimoneday.Butthenextdayheaskedmetopayhim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasontochargemehesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyinjuryI’dhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer.NowthathehadhelpedmefindagooddoctoritwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhim.ButeverytimeIwenttoseethedoctorIhadtowaitabout50minutes.Hewouldseetwoorthreepatientsatthesametimeandoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme$115eachtime.Thefinalexaminationreportconsistedoftenlinesanditcostme$
215.Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttimewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefortheaccidentyethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.Andhemademepayhim$
770.NowIhadtoactasmyownlawyer.DuetomyinexperienceItoldtheinsurancepanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthattheyplayedfortime…andIleftwithoutgettingacent.MyexperiencestaughtmetwothingsaboutAmerica:firstlyinacountrylikeAmericamoneyiseverything.Itismoreimportantthanfriendshiphonororprofessionalmorality.Secondlyforeignersarestillbeingunfairlytreated.SowhenwetalkaboutAmericaweshouldseebothitsgoodandbadsides.
1.Theauthor’sroommateofferedtohelphimbecause__________.A.hefeltsorryfortheauthorB.hethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoneyC.heknewthedoctorwasaverygoodoneD.hewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyer
2.Agooddoctorisessentialfortheauthorto__________.A.beproperlytreatedB.talkwiththepersonresponsiblefortheaccidentC.recoverbeforeheleavesAmericaD.eventuallygettheresponsiblepartytopayforhisinjury
3.Theunderlinedword“charge“inthispassagemeans___________.A.beresponsibleB.accuseC.askasapriceD.claim
4.Boththedoctorandthelawyerinthispassagearevery___________.A.friendlyB.greedyC.professionalD.busy
5.WhatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthestoryA.GoingtocourtissomethingverymoninAmerica.B.Onemustbeverycarefulwhiledrivingacar.C.therearemorebadsidesinAmericathangoodsides.D.MoneyismoreimportantthanotherthingsintheUS.【参考答案】1—
5、BDCBD。