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2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解历史类选练
(2)xx高考英语阅读理解--历史类Inthepastifapersonwantedtoseethenationaltreasuresofacountryonehadtogothereinperson.Thereforeveryfewpeoplewereabletoenjoysomeofhistory’smostimportantandinterestingartifacts手工艺品.Thishaschangedwithanincreaseinthenumberoftravelingmuseumexhibitions.KingTutankhamenArtifactsAtravelingexhibitionofartifactsfromthetombofKingTutankhamenpopularlyknownas“KingTut”touredtheUnitedStatesfromNovember1976toApril1979.The55objectswereshowninsixcitiesandwereseenbyaroundeightmillionmuseum-goers.Thesecondtouringexhibitwasstartedinxxthissantimewith130artifactdstopsinLondonandthreedifferentAmericancities.Howeversomeobjectsliketheking’sgoldenfacemaskaretoovaluableortoodelicatetobetransportedlongdistancesso“replicas”exactcopiesofsomethingareonshow.JapaneseColorWoodblockPrintsTheArtMuseumatUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesvilleVirginiahasanextraordinarycollectionofJapanesecolorwoodblockprints木刻版画.Theseprintsdocumenttheperiodfromabout1850to1900atimewhenJapanwasopeningitselftoWesterninfluences.BeforethispointJapanwasaclosedsocietythathadlittlemunicationwiththeworldoutsideofitsborders.Theseworksofartbeautifullyshowthefeelingofchangeandthetrendtowardmodernization.Themuseumhasputtogetheratravelingexhibitionof60oftheseprintswhichcanbeborrowedandexhibitedworldwideforperiodsofeightweeksormore.Face-to-facewith“Lucy”Oneoftheworld’smostfamousarchaeological考古学的findsinhistoryarethe3.2million-year-oldbonesofa106-centimeter-tallfemalefoundintheEthiopiandesertin1974.Lucyanamegiventoherbythediscoveryteamisa“hominid”oracreaturethatscientistsbelieveistheearliestancestorofmodernhumanbeings.RarelyisanartifactthisvaluableallowedtotravelwidelybutLucyhasbeentakentoseveralmuseumsintheU.S.whileadetailedreplicaremainsattheEthiopianNaturalHistoryMuseum.【小题1】WhatdowelearnaboutKingTutankhamen’sartifactsA.TheartifactswereshowninLondonfirst.B.TheartifactswereonshowintheUnitedStatesonce.C.Thesecondtouringexhibitshowedmoreartifactsthanthefirstone.D.Theking’sgoldenfacemaskwasalsoshowninthetravelingexhibitions.【小题2】WhatdotheJapanesewoodblockprintsshowaboutthesocietyfrom1850to1900A.Japanhadlittlemunicationwithothercountries.B.Thewholecountryrefusedchangesinthesociety.C.JapanwasopeningitselfuptoWesternideas.D.Japanachievedmodernization.【小题3】WhoisLucyaccordingtothepassageA.Anarchaeologist.B.Theancestorofmodernhumanbeings.C.A106-centimeter-tallfemalewhodiedin1974.D.ThefirstwomanwhovisitedtheEthiopiandesert.xx高考英语阅读理解--历史类In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusicdanceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.ItquicklyattractedfamousnamessuchasAlecGuinnessRichardButtonDameMargotFonteynandMarleneDietrichaswellasthebigsymphonyorchestras交响乐团.ItbecamefixedeventeveryAugustandnowattracts400000peopleyearly.AttheSametimethe“Fringe”appearedasachallengetotheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperformandtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.SoongroupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversityandlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridgeDurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle-knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.Todaythe“Fringe”oncelessrecognizedhasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1500performancesoftheatremusicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959withonly19theatregroupsperformingsomesaiditwasgettingtoobig.Apaidadministratorwasfirstemployedonlyin1971andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan
1.25millionticketsweresold.【小题1】WhatwasthepurposeofEdinburghFestivalatthebeginningA.TobringEuropetogetheragain.B.TohonorheroesofWorldWarII.C.Tointroduceyoungtheatregroups.D.ToattractgreatartistsfromEurope.【小题2】WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupsetoEdinburghin1947A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Theycametotakeupachallenge.C.Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.D.Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.【小题3】Whojoinedthe“Fringe”afteritappearedA.Popularwriters.B.Universitystudents.C.Artistsfromaroundtheworld.D.Performersofmusicanddance.【小题4】WemaylearnfromthetextthatEdinburghFestival .A.hasbeeanon-officialeventB.hasgonebeyondanartfestivalC.givesshowsallyearroundD.keepsgrowingrapidly阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项SupposeyouareavisitorinthelandofMongolia(蒙古)somefriendsaskyoutoeatwiththem.WhatkindofmannersdotheywantyoutohaveTheywantyoutogivealoudburp(打饱嗝儿)afteryoufinisheating.Burpingwouldshowthatyoulikeyourfood.Insomecountriesifyougiveabigburpyouaretoldtosay“Excusemeplease”.Inmanyplacespeopleliketoeattogether.ButinsomepartsofPolynesiaitisbadmannerstobeseeneatingatall.Peopleshowtheirgoodmannersbyturningtheirbacksonotherswhiletheyeat.WhataremannerslikeinanEastAfricantownThepeopletrynottoseeyou.Theyarebeingpolite.Youmayseeafriend.Hemaynotseeyouatall.Ifyouarepoliteyouwillsitdownbesidehim.Youwillwaituntilhefinisheswhatheisdoing.Thenhewilltalktoyou.Mannersaredifferentallovertheworld.Butitisgoodtoknowthatallmannersbegininthesameway.Peopleneedwaystoshowthattheywanttobefriends.
1.InMongoliaburpingisawayofshowingthat__________.A.youareimpoliteB.youenjoyedthemealpreparedbythehostC.yourmealwasnotenoughD.youarefriendlywithyourhost
2.Howeverinsomecountriesifyougiveabigburpyouaretoldtosay“________”A.I’mfullB.I’msorryC.IhavehadenoughD.Excusemeplease
3.InPolynesiatobepolitewhileeatingyoushould__________.A.eatquicklyB.sitstillC.turnyourbackonothersD.say“Bequickplease”
4.PeopleinanEastAfricantownarebeingpoliteby__________.A.waitingforalongtimebeforevisitsB.sittingdownbesideothersC.seeingafriendquicklyD.tryingnottoseeyou
5.Wehavegoodmannerstoshowthatwe__________.A.aredifferentfromotherpeopleB.don’twantotherpeopletoworryusC.beginallmannersinthesamewayD.wanttobefriendswithotherpeople【参考答案】1—
5、BDCDD阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的ABC或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsuleprotectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger引发thisrelease,includingchangingtemperatureacidityandsoon.Buttriggerscanewiththeirownrisks—burnsforexample.NowresearchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnearinfraredlightNIR近红外线onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisntnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers聚合物andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbeitherultravioletUV紫外线orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelightwhichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskinwherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissuessoresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewpounds化合物absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairiachemistattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoreportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedamerciallyavailableNIRabsorbinggroupcalledonitrobenzylONB.WhentheycatchthelightONBgroupsfalloffthepolymerleadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyasosoNIRabsorberanditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthatsevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofpoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive易反应的ponentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericformafeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.AfterpolymerizingthecresolstheycapeachreactiveponentwithalightabsorbingpoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlightthereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdownpotentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.WhatsmoreAlmutairisaysBhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.
1.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttriggerA.Temperaturechange.B.NIRlight.C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.
2.WhyisONBunsatisfactoryA.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C.Ithasnoteontothemarketuptillnow.D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.
3.Whichwordcanbeusedtopletethefollowingprocessofchanges⇨⇨⇨A.protectedB.formedC.exposedD.bined【要点综述】这是一篇科技文怎样使用胶囊?如何让吃药更加安全、疗效更好?文章对此做了介绍
1.B 信息理解题根据第一段最后一句“NowresearchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnearinfraredlightNIR,近红外线onthedruginthecapsule.”可知答案
2.D 推理判断题根据第三段最后两句“…ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymerleadingtoitsbreakdown.”和“…anditcouldbepoisonoustocells…”可知答案
3.C 信息理解题根据最后一段第五句“WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlightthereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.”可知此处用exposed,即C项正确阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的ABC或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项DoyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtooOrhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourselfWellapparentlyit’sbecausewehavemirrorneurons神经元inourbrains.Putsimplytheexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomethingourbrainsimitate模仿itwhetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmiletalkwalkdanceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactionstheyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrainsbutespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguagesandtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistentoforexample:“Thehandtookholdoftheball”thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformedinthisexampleactuallytakingholdofaball.Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.Howeveritisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract互动.Indeeditmayturnouttobetheequivalent相等物forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein’stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—wellperhapsyou’llunderstandwhy.
1.Mirrorneuronscanexplain . A.whywecrywhenwearehurtB.whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacoldC.whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmileD.whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate
2.Theunderlinedword“triggered”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“ ”. A.setoff B.cutoff C.builtup D.brokenup
3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons . A.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteractionB.controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelingsC.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisordersD.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities
4.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutA.Waystofindmirrorneurons. B.Problemsofmirrorneurons.C.Existenceofmirrorneurons. D.Functionsofmirrorneurons.【参考答案】1—
4、CAAD 。