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2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解月练
(1)[史地自然型阅读理解二]Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrasseatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimalsteeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.AcertainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液.Asingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuture.1.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasily2.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterials3.HowdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillarA.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.Itsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattacked.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.4.WhatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassageA.PlantsandanimalsB.HowplantsdefendthemselvesC.AttacksanddefensesD.Howanimalseatplantleaves【要点综述】本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的1.D 细节理解题根据文章第二段中“Forexample,theleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrasseatinganimals…becausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.”可知D项正确2.B 细节理解题根据第三段中“Someplants,suchastheoaktree,havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.”可知故B项正确3.C 细节理解题根据第四段中“Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaf,theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.”可知树根分泌出更多的nicotine故C项正确4.B 主旨大意题本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的故B项正确阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑LindaEvanswasmybestfriend—likethesisterIneverhad.Wedideverythingtogether:pianolessonsmoviesswimminghorsebackriding.WhenIwas13myfamilymovedaway.LindaandIkeptintouchthroughlettersandwesaweachotheronspecialtimes—likemyweddingandLinda’s.Soonwewerebusywithchildrenandmovingtonewhomesandwewrotelessoften.OnedayacardthatIsentcameback,stamped“AddressUnknown”.IhadnoideaabouthowtofindLinda.OvertheyearsImissedLindaverymuch.Iwantedtosharehappinessofmychildrenandthengrandchildren.AndIneededtosharemysadnesswhenmybrotherandthenmotherdied.TherewasanemptyplaceinmyheartthatonlyafriendlikeLindacouldfill.OnedayIwasreadinganewspaperwhenInoticedaphotoofayoungwomanwholookedverymuchlikeLindaandwhoselastnamewasWagman—Linda’smarriedname.“TheremustbethousandsofWagmans.”IthoughtbutIstillwrotetoher.Shecalledassoonasshegotmyletter.“Mrs.Tobin!”shesaidexcitedly“LindaEvansWagmanismymother.”MinuteslaterIheardavoicethatIrecognizedatonceevenafter40years.Welaughedandcriedandcaughtuponeachother’slives.Nowtheemptyplaceinmyheartisfilled.Andthere’sonethingthatLindaandIknowforsure:Wewon’tloseeachotheragain!
26.ThewriterwenttopianolessonswithLindaEvans________.A.attheageof13B.beforeshegotmarriedC.aftertheymovedtonewhomesD.beforethewriter’sfamilymovedaway【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据开始的时候作者与Linda总是一起去上钢琴课、看电影、游泳、骑马等,但后来在作者13岁的时候,作者一家搬走了,两人只能通过书信联系故选D
27.Theydidn’toftenwritetoeachotherbecausethey________.A.gotmarriedB.hadlittletimetodosoC.didn’tlikewritinglettersD.couldseeeachotheronspecialtime【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据文章第2段中的Soonwewerebusywithchildrenandmovingtonewhomesandwewrotelessoften根据文可知,她们之所以没经常写信,是因为她们要忙于照顾孩子,又要搬新家,也就是说,她们没有时间写信
28.Therewasanemptyplaceinthewriter’sheartbecauseshe________.A.wasintroubleB.didn’tknowLinda’saddressC.receivedthecardthatshesentD.didn’thaveafriendlikeLindatoshareherhappinessandsadness【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据Iwantedtosharehappinessofmychildrenandthengrandchildren.AndIneededtosharemysadnesswhenmybrotherandthenmotherdied.作者没有像琳达这样的朋友来分享她的快乐和悲伤,故选D
29.Thewriterwashappywhenshe________.A.readthenewspaperB.heardLinda’svoiceonthephoneC.metayoungwomanwholookedalotlikeLindaD.wrotetothewomanwhoselastnamewasWagman【答案】B【解析】细节理解题真正让作者感到高兴的是当她在电话上听到老朋友Linda的声音的时候而读到报纸的时候和写信的时候都还只是在猜测,那时还谈不上高兴故选B
30.Theyhaven’tkeptintouch________.A.forabout40yearsB.forabout27yearsC.sincetheygotmarriedD.sincethewriter’sfamilymovedaway【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据文章最后一段中的MinuteslaterIheardavoicethatIknewverymuchevenafter40years…可知她们40年没有联系了,故选A阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Eachnewschoolyearbringsfreshremindersofwhateducatorscallthesummerlearninggap.Somecallitthesummerlearningsetback.Simplyspeakingitmeansthelongerkidsareoutofschoolthemoretheyforget.Theonlythingtheymightgainisweight.MostAmericanschoolsfollowatraditionalnine-monthcalendar.Studentsgetwinterandspringbreaksandabouttenweeksofsummervacation.Someschoolsfollowayear-roundcalendar.Theyholdclassesforabouteightweeksatatimewithafewweeksoffinbetween.TheNationalAssociationforYear-RoundEducationsaystherewerefewerthanthreethousandsuchschoolsatlastcount.Theywerespreadamongforty-sixofthefiftystates.Butmanyexpertspointoutthatthenumberofclassdaysinayear-roundschoolisgenerallythesameasinatraditionalschool.LeadresearcherPaulvonHippelsaid“Year-roundschoolsdontreallysolvetheproblemofthesummerlearningsetback.Theysimplyspreaditoutacrosstheyear.”Acrossthecountryresearchshowsthatstudentsfrompoorfamiliesfallfartherbehindoverthesummerthanotherstudents.Expertssaythiscanbeprevented.Theynotethatmanyschoolsandlocalgovernmentsofferprogramsthatcanhelp.Butcallingthem“summerschool”couldbeaproblem.ThedirectorofthesummerlearningcenteratJohnsHopkinsRonFairchildsaidresearchwithgroupsofdifferentparentsinChicagoandBaltimorefoundthatalmostallstronglydislikedtheterm“summerschool”.InAmericanculturetheideaofsummervacationisconnectedtobeliefsaboutfreedomandthejoysofchildhood.Theparentsweledothertermslike“summercamp”“enrichment”“extratime”and“hands-onlearning”.
31.Accordingtothefirstparagraphthesummerlearninggap.A.helpschildrentogainweightB.leadschildrentoworkharderC.improveschildren’smemoriesD.affectschildren’sregularstudies【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据Simplyspeakingitmeansthelongerkidsareoutofschoolthemoretheyforget.暑假影响了学生的正常的学习,故选D
32.paredtotraditionalschoolsstudentsintheyear-roundones.A.performbetterandhavemorelearninggainsB.havemuchlesstimeforrelaxationeveryyearC.havegenerallythesamenumberofclassdaysD.holdmoreclasseswithmorefreeweeksoff【答案】C【解析】细节理解题根据Butmanyexpertspointoutthatthenumberofclassdaysinayear-roundschoolisgenerallythesameasinatraditionalschool.全年的学校与一般的学校都有相同的天数的授课时间,故选C
33.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueA.Studentsfrompoorfamiliesoftenfallbehindafterthevacation.B.Year-roundschoolscansolvetheproblemofthelearninggap.C.Thereareschoolsineachstatefollowingayear-roundcalendar.D.Nothingcanhelpthestudentswhofallbehindafterthevocation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据Acrossthecountryresearchshowsthatstudentsfrompoorfamiliesfallfartherbehindoverthesummerthanotherstudents.来自贫困家庭通常在假期过后学习要落后其他孩子,故选A
34.Whydidalmostallparentsdisliketheterm“summerschool”A.Theycherishthechildren’srightsoffreedomverymuch.B.Theyareworriedaboutthequalityofthe“summerschool”.C.Theywanttheirchildrentobeforcedtomakeupthegap.D.Theycan’taffordtothefurtherstudyduringvacation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据researchwithgroupsofdifferentparentsinChicagoandBaltimorefoundthatalmostallstronglydislikedtheterm“summerschool”.InAmericanculturetheideaofsummervacationisconnectedtobeliefsaboutfreedomandthejoysofchildhood.父母认为这样剥夺孩子的自由的权利,故选A
35.WhatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassageA.OpeningSummerCampsB.ForbiddingSummerSchoolsC.SpreadingYear-RoundEducationD.MindingtheSummerLearningGap【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题根据Eachnewschoolyearbringsfreshremindersofwhateducatorscallthesummerlearninggap.及短文的内容可知注意暑假假期学习的退步,故选D[史地自然型阅读理解二]Ifyouareafraidofthedark,itsnotabigdeal.Itsperfectlynormaltofeelafraid.Afterall,animalsdo,too.“Fearmatters,”saysKarenWarkentin,anecologist.“Itsagoodthing,”sheadds“becausefearmakesyoudothingsthatkeepyoualive.”Likekids,manyanimalsexperiencefearandtheyrespondtothefeelinginvarietyofways.Afrightenedturtlepullsitsheadandlegsinsideitsshell.Asmallfishwillswimawaywhenabig,hungryfishapproaches.Someanimalsrespondtofearinwaysyoumightnotexpect.Thefirstexampleisthatthefearofbeingeatencanscaresomefrogsrightoutoftheireggs.WarkentinmadethesurprisingdiscoverywhilestudyingredeyedtreefrogsinCostaRica.Inthisspecies,femalefrogsattachjellylikeclumps果冻一样的块状物oftheireggstotheundersidesofleaves.Theleaveshangonbranchesthatdangle悬挂overponds.Aftertheyhatchfromtheeggs,thetadpoles蝌蚪thenfallintothewater,wheretheyeventuallygrowintoadultfrogs.Treefrogeggsusuallygrowfor6daysbeforehatching.Iftheysensethatahungrysnakeisabouttoattack,however,theycanhatchupto2daysaheadoftheschedule.Asthesnakesareunabletoswim,byfallingintothewaterearly,thetadpolescanescape.Ifhatchingearlyhelpsprotectredeyedtreefrogsfromsnakes,youmightwonderwhytheireggsdontalwayshatchsooner.Itturnsoutthathatchingearlybringsitsowndanger.Oncetadpoleslandinthewater,hungryfishandotheranimalsliketoeatthemtoo.Stayingintheireggsfor6days,then,allowsfrogembryos胚胎togrowbigandstrong.Thisextragrowthimprovestheirchancesofsurvivinginthewater.1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatfears________.A.helpanimalsgrowbiggerandstrongerB.arelessmonamongyounganimalsC.helpanimalsmovealottofittheenvironmentD.aremoreorlessimportantforanimalstosurvive2.Wearetoldinthepassagethattreefrogs________.A.facedangerbothinsidetheireggsandinthewaterB.willgrowfastiftheyfallintothewaterlaterC.aresurprisinglycleverwheninsidetheireggsD.stayintheireggslongeriftheyarefrightened3.Whydothetadpoleshatchupto2daysaheadoftheschedule?Because________.A.theylikefallingintothewaterearlyB.theywanttogrowintoadultfrogsC.theysenseahungrysnakeisabouttoattackD.frogembryoscangrowstrong4.WhatisthebesttitleofthepassageA.WhatisfearB.WhydowefeelafraidC.Youfeelafraid;animalsdotooD.Fearisagoodthing5.WhatwouldbediscussedinthefollowingparagraphA.Furtherexplanationsastowhytreefrogshatchaheadoftheschedule.B.Howtheunbornfrogsknowwhenasnakeisabouttoattackthem.C.Anotherexampleofanimalsthatrespondtofearinanunexpectedway.D.Howtreefrogsimprovetheirchancesofsurvivalbeforefallingintothewater.二【要点综述】本文主要论述的是恐惧是人类和动物常见的一种现象,有时恐惧是一件好事动物对于恐惧的反应是不同的,有些反应方式甚至超乎人们的想象1.D 推理判断题根据“…becausefearmakesyoudothingsthatkeepyoualive.”可知D项正确2.A 细节理解题根据“Iftheysensethatahungrysnakeisabouttoattack,however,theycanhatchupto2daysaheadofschedule.”和“Oncetadpoleslandinthewater,hungryfishandotheranimalsliketoeatthem,too.”可知,它们在孵化期间害怕蛇的攻击,在水里害怕被其他动物吃掉故选A项3.C 细节理解题根据“Iftheysensethatahungrysnakeisabouttoattack,however,theycanhatchupto2daysaheadoftheschedule.Asthesnakesareunabletoswim,byfallingintothewaterearly,thetadpolescanescape.”可知,因为对它们有威胁的蛇不会游泳,所以提前孵化出来,掉到水里,蝌蚪就能够逃离蛇的攻击了故选C项4.D 主旨大意题文章通过举例说明害怕是一件好事故选D项5.C 篇章结构题根据“Someanimalsrespondtofearinwaysyoumightnotexpect.Thefirstexampleisthatthefearofbeingeatencanscaresomefrogsrightoutoftheireggs.”可知,既然这是举例,有了第一个例子,那么它的后面还会有例子故选C项。