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2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精炼
(4)I阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveorsoyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhichconsistedonlyofmembersofownsex.HowwouldyoureactUnlesstherewassomethingdefinitelywrongwithyouyouwouldn’tbetoohappyaboutittosaytheleast.Itisallthemoresurprisingthereforethatsomanyparentsintheworldchoosetoimposesuchabnormalconditionsontheirchildren–conditionswhichtheythemselveswouldn’tputupwithforoneminute!Anydiscussionofthistopicisboundtoquestiontheaimsofeducation.Stuffingchildren’sheadsfullofknowledgeisfarfrombeingforemostamongthem.Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationsistoequipfuturecitizenswithalltheyrequiretotaketheirplaceinadultsociety.NowadultsocietyismadeupofmenandwomensohowcanasegregatedschoolpossiblyoffertherightsortofpreparationforitAnyoneenteringadultsocietyafteryearsofsegregationcanonlybeinforashock.Aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.Boysandgirlsaregiventheopportunitytogettoknoweachothertolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycanparethemselveswitheachotherintermsofacademicabilityathleticachievementandmanyoftheextra-curricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapracticaladvantageitistogivejustasmallexampletobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsenseco-educationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlorvice-versa.Whensegregatedboysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Rivalrybetweenthesexesisfostered.Inacoeducationalschooleverythingfallsintoitsproperplace.Butperhapsthegreatestcontributionofco-educationisthehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon’tgrowupbelievingthatwomenaremysteriouscreatures–airygoddessesmorelikebook-illustrationstoafairy-talethanhumanbeings.Girlsdon’tgrowupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldispelillusionsofthiskind.Therearenogoddesseswithfrecklespigtailspiercingvoicesandinkyfingers.Therearenoromanticheroeswithknobblykneesdirtyfingernailsandunkempthair.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbeovereinaco-educationalenvironment.Segregatedschoolssometimesprovidetherightconditionsforsexualdeviation.Thisishardlypossibleunderaco-educationalsystem.Whenthetimeesforthepupilstoleaveschooltheyarefullypreparedtoentersocietyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen.
1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage[A]onlyco-educationcanbeinharmonywithsociety.peopleareingreatneedofco-education.[C]anyformofeducationotherthanco-educationissimplyunthinkable.[D]co-educationhasmanyfeatures.
2.whatdoesco-educationoffertochildren[A]Asociety.Atruesmallmodelofsociety.[C]Areallife.[D]Trueversionofsocialcondition.
3.Accordingtothepassagewhatisoneofthechiefaimsofeducation[A]Itisforstudentstoacquireknowledge.Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithscientifictechnology.[C]Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithwhatisrequiredingettingapositioninsociety.[D]Itisforstudentstogetacademicachievements.
4.Whydoboysandgirlsinco-educationhavenoillusionabouteachother[A]Theylivetogetherandknoweachothertoowell.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldismisssuchillusion.[C]co-educationencouragethemtohaveanhealthyattitudetowardlife.[D]Theyarefamiliarwitheachother’sproblems.Vocabulary
1.tobeinfor=receive 接受 Heisinforpunishment. 他受到惩罚
2.miniature 缩样,雏形,微型画
3.freckle 雀斑
4.pigtail 鞭子
5.knobbly=knobby 多节的
6.unkempt 乱七八糟,蓬乱的
7.sharpfocus=clearview bringintofocus 使集中在焦点上,对光 bringintosharpfocus 这里的意义是一目了然,明显突出
8.deviation 越轨,偏离,入歧途难句译注
1.allthemore越发,格外
2.aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.【参考译文】男女合校至少给孩子提供了一个社会真正缩影
3.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.【参考译文】棘手的青春期把成长过程中出现的某些身体上合感情上的问题清晰地摆出来写作方法与文章大意文章论及“男女合校制的优越性和男女分校制的缺陷”采用因果、对比写法首先假设单一性别社会,人所不能容忍,那单一性别的学校培养的人又怎能适应社会因为社会是男女组成的然后分别对比合校和分校的优缺点比较合校的优点,分校的缺点,最后得出结论之后合校的学生,在离校进入社会,已做好一切准备,而不会感到震惊,因为他们已有好几年的经验,会处理面临男女的许多问题答案详解
1.C除了男女合校,其他形式的教育简直难以想象答案见第一段“设想请你在一个只有你一样性别的人存在的社会生活12年光景,你会如何反应呢?除非你本人确实有毛病,否则,你至少不会太高兴因此,世界上有那么多的父母愿意把这种不正常的环境(他们自己一分钟都受不了的环境)强加给他们的孩子们,这太令人惊讶!”第二段讲“教育的目的之一就是为未来的公民在成人社会中找一席之地,准备好需要的一切而社会由男女组成,那分校又怎能准备?”后两段讲合校之优点,分校之缺点,具体对比突出主题这都说明C最合适A.只有合校才能和社会相协调D.合校有许多特点这两项文章内容涉及到,但作为最佳标题则不确切B.人们非常需要合校文内没有直接谈到
2.B一个真实社会的缩影这在第三段第一句“男女合校确实能给孩子们提供一个社会真实的缩影”下面的内容都是围绕这个主题而写的具体情况如生活在一起,彼此了解,对比等A.社会C.一种真实的生活D.真实的社会情况都没有B项那样确切
3.C为未来公民在社会上拥有一席之地,准备好所需要的一切这在第二段“这个话题的讨论必然会引出教育目的的问题把各种知识塞进孩子头脑远不是教育主要的目的,教育的主要目的之一是为未来公民在成人社会求得一席之地,准备好所需一切”A.学生学到只是B.以科技武装未来公民C.为学生缺德学术成就都只是知识学习的一个部分
4.B几年学校共同生活打消了幻想答案在第四段中“在学校中,几年生活在一起消除这一类的幻想没有什么脸上有雀斑,梳着鞭子,涂着指甲,尖的噪音的女神,也没有膝部有疙瘩,指甲脏兮兮,头发乱蓬蓬的浪漫英雄棘手的青春期明显呈现出来的成长过程中身体上和感情上的问题,在男女合校环境中得到很好的解决”A.他们生活在一起,彼此太了解此答案太过,不是太了解而不产生幻想,而是了解情况;真人就在眼前,人就实际了,消除了幻想C.合校鼓励他们对生活有一种健康积极的态度这是合校的大方向,不是消除幻想的根本原因D.他们熟悉彼此的问题不全是消除幻想之因,而是处理问题的前奏这在最后一段最后两句话有说明“当学生离校的时刻来到时,他们已是很有适应性的成人,为进入社会做好了充分准备他们已有几年处理面临男女的许多问题的经验” 这是一篇论及“博士生辍学”的文章采用对比和因果手法文章一开始就提出教育工作者严重关注博士生辍学达50%的问题而调查报告证明,只有31%辍学造成不良后果,有人建议中途退学者回炉再念博士学位学业研究表明不行列出理由并加以分析阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的ABC或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项ThelatestresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerelyacplishedisnotI.Q.agenerallybadpredictorofsuccess.Insteadit’spurposefulpractice.Topperformersspendmorehourspractisingtheircraft.Ifyouwantedtopicturehowatypicalgeniusmightdevelopyou’dtakeagirlwhopossessedaslightlyaboveaveragelanguageability.Itwouldn’thavetobeabigtalentjustenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouwouldwanthertomeetsayanovelistwhocoincidentallysharedsomesimilarqualities.Maybethewriterwasfromthesametownhadthesamefamilybackgroundorsharedthesamebirthday.Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.Itwouldgivehersomeideaofafascinatingcircleshemightsomedayjoin.Itwouldalsohelpifoneofherparentsdiedwhenshewas12givingherastrongsenseofinsecurityandfuellingadesperateneedforsuccess.Armedwiththisambitionshewouldreadnovelsandlifestoriesofwriterswithoutend.Thiswouldgiveheraprimaryknow-ledgeofherfield.She’dbeabletoseenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings.Thenshewouldpractisewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslowpainstakinganderror-focused.Bypractisinginthiswayshedelaystheautomatizingprocess.Hermindwantstoturnconsciousnewlylearnedskillsintounconsciousautomaticallyperformedskills.Bypractisingslowlybybreakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepeatingsheforcesthebraintointernalizeabetterpatternofperformance.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovideaconstantstreamoffeedbackviewingherperformancefromtheoutsidecorrectingthesmallesterrorspushinghertotakeontougherchallenges.Bynowsheisredoingproblems—howdoIgetcharactersintoaroom—dozensanddozensoftimes.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolvefutureproblems.Theprimaryqualityouryoungwriterpossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It’stheabilitytodevelopapurposefullaboriousandboringpracticeroutine.Thelatestresearchtakessomeofthemagicoutofgreatachievement.Butitunderlinesafactthatisoftenneglected.Publicdiscussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe’re“hard-wired”todo.Andit’struethatgenesplayaroleinourcapabilities.Butthebrainisalsoveryplastic.Weconstructourselvesthroughbehaviour.
1.Thepassagemainlydealswith . A.thefunctionofI.Q.incultivatingawriterB.therelationshipbetweengeniusandsuccessC.thedecisivefactorinmakingageniusD.thewayofgainingsomesenseofdistinction
2.Byreadingnovelsandwriters’storiesthegirlcould . A.etounderstandtheinnerstructureofwritingB.joinafascinatingcircleofwriterssomedayC.sharewithanovelistherlikesanddislikesD.learnfromthelivingexamplestoestablishasenseofsecurity
3.Inthegirl’slongpainstakingtrainingprocess . A.heradviserformsaprimarychallengingforcetohersuccessB.herwritingturnsintoanautomaticpatternofperformanceC.sheacquiresthemagicofsomegreatachievementsD.sheestorealizesheis“hard-wired”towrite
4.WhatcanbeconcludedfromthepassageA.Afuellingambitionplaysaleadingroleinone’ssuccess.B.Aresponsibleadviserismoreimportantthantheknowledgeofwriting.C.AstothegrowthofageniusI.Q.doesn’tmatterbutjusthis/herefforts.D.Whatreallymattersiswhatyoudoratherthanwhoyouare.【参考答案】1—
4、CABD 阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的ABC或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项FindWhichDirectionIsSouthDoyouhaveagoodsenseofdirectionIfnotpleasetakewithyouapass.Butifyouforgettotakeapassyoucanstillfindyourway.It’sneveragoodideatoimaginethatthefamilymemberwhowasentrusted委托withthejobofmap-readingactuallyknowswherethefamilyis.Youcantellbytheslightlyconfusedlookontheirfacesthatnothingonthegroundseemstomatchthemap.Nevermind.Thesunisshiningandit’sstillmorning.Ifyoudon’tknowtheexacttimeyoucanstillfindoutwheresouthisbutyou’llneedtobepatient.
①Findastraightstickandputitinthegroundinaplacewhereyoucanmarkitsshadow.
②Trytopositionthestickasvertically垂直asyoucan.Youcancheckthisbymakingasimpleplumbline铅锤线withapieceofstringandweight.Youhaven’tgotanystringOKuseathreadfromyourclotheswithabuttontiedattheendtoactasaweight.
③Marktheendoftheshadowcastbythestick.
④Waitapproximatelyhalfanhourandmarktheendoftheshadowagain.
⑤Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavemadeseveralmarks.
⑥Themarknearestthestickwillrepresenttheshortestshadowwhichiseastatmiddaywhenthesunishighestintheskyandpointingtotheexactsouth.
⑦Pickapointinthedistancealongthelinebetweentheshortestshadowandthestick.
⑧Thatpointissouthofwhereyouare.
⑨Nowyoucanturnthemaplikeyoudidbeforeandfindwhichwayyoushouldbetravelling.
1.Tofindthedirectionweoughttobepatientprobablybecause . A.itisnoteasytofindaproperstickB.itisnoteasytopositionthestickC.ittakeshourstomakethemarksD.ittakesabouthalfanhourtomakethemarks
2.Thepassagewouldprobablybemosthelpfulto . A.thosewhodrawmapsB.thosewhogetlostC.thosewhomakepassesD.thosewhodoexperiments
3.Whichofthefollowingpicturesbestshowsthewayoffindingthedirectionofsouth
4.Theauthorpresentsthispassageby . A.tellinganinterestingstoryB.describinganactivityinalivelywayC.testinganideabyreasoningD.introducingapracticalmethod【参考答案】1—
5、CBAD 。