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2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解选练
(5)IV【xx模拟】阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文从短文后各题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项ScientistsfromtheUniversityofEastAngliahaveidentifiedfournewman-madegasesthatarecontributingtothedamagetotheozone臭氧layer.Twoofthegasesareaccumulatingataratethatiscausingconcernamongresearchers.WorriesoverthegrowingozoneholehaveseentheproductionofchlorofluorocarbonCFCgasesrestrictedsincethemid1980s.Butthepreciseoriginofthesenewsimilarsubstancesremainsamystery.LyingintheatmospheretheozonelayerplaysacriticalroleinblockingharmfulUVrayswhichcausecancersinhumansandreproductiveproblemsinanimals.ScientistsfromtheBritishAntarcticSurveywerethefirsttodiscoverahugeholeintheozoneoverAntarcticain
1985.TheevidencequicklypointedtoCFCgaseswhichwereinventedinthe1920sandwerewidelyusedinrefrigeration.ExtraordinarilyglobalactionwasrapidlyagreedtodealwithCFCsandtheMontrealProtocoltolimitthesesubstancescameintobeingin
1987.Atotalglobalbanonproductioncameintoforceinxx.Nowthenewlydiscoveredfournewgasescandestroyozoneandaregettingintotheatmospherefromasyetunidentifiedsources.ThreeofthegasesareCFCsandoneisahydrochlorofluorocarbonHCFCwhichcanalsodamageozone.Theresearchhasshownthatfourgaseswerenotaroundintheatmosphereatalluntilthe1960swhichsuggeststheyareman-made.Thescientistsdiscoveredthegasesbyanalyzingpolarsnowpack.Airfromthissnowisanaturalarchiveofwhatwasintheatmosphereupt0100yearsago.TheresearchersalsolookedatmodernairsamplescollectedatremoteCapeGriminTasmania.Theyestimatethatabout74000tonnesofthesegaseshavebeenreleasedintotheatmosphere.Twoofthegasesareaccumulatingatsignificantrates.Howevertheydontknowwherethenewgasesarebeingreleasedfromandthisshouldbeinvestigated.Possiblesourcesincludechemicalsforinsecticide(杀虫剂)productionandsolvents(溶液)forcleaningelectronicponents.ThethreeCFCsarebeingdestroyedveryslowlyintheatmosphere-soevenifemissions(散发)weretostopimmediatelytheywillstillbearoundformanydecadestoe.OfthefourspeciesidentifiedCFC-113aseemsthemostworryingasthereisaverysmallbutgrowingemissionsourcesomewheremaybefromagriculturalinsecticides.Weshouldfinditandtakeitoutofproduction.
63.WhatdoweknowaboutthenewlydiscoveredgasesA.Somearesurelyproducedbythedevelopmentofagriculture.B.TheCFCswillhavealongimpactoncetheyarereleased.C.Theygathertogetherintheatmosphereatamediumspeed.D.Theiramountsarenotlargeenoughtocausedamagetous.
64.TheunderlinedwordarchiveinParagraph6isclosesttothemeaningof____A.stateB.resourceC.phenomenonD.storeroom
65.WhatwillthescientistsprobablyattempttodoaboutthegasesnextA.Findoutwhatcanreplacethingslikeinsecticidesandputthemintouse.B.Findouthowtheydestroyozoneandgetridofthoseintheatmosphere.C.Findoutwheretheyareexactlyfromandstopthemfrombeingreleased.D.FindoutifHCFCismoreharmfulthanCFCsandtakepropermeasures.【参考答案】63—
65、BDC【xx模拟】阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文从短文后各题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项CharlesDickenswasoneofthemostbelovedstorytellersintheEnglishlanguage.Hisnovelsmadehimfamousinhisowntimeandcontinueasclassicsinours.Dickensbeganhisliterarycareerwithalmostnoformaleducation.HewasborninLandportonFeb.71812thesecondofeightchildren.Whenhewas12hisfatherwassenttodebtorsprison.DickenswasforcedtoquitschoolandworkinaLondonblackingfactory.Hewouldreworkthatterribleexperienceintohisfictionfortherestofhislife.HewasasocialreformersaysactorSimonCallowauthorofanewbiographycalledCharlesDickensandtheGreatTheatreoftheWorld.Heknewwhatpovertywas.Heknewwhatitwastoberejectedtobecastasidetoliveinsqualor悲惨.AndsoDickenswrotewithgreatsympathyforthesufferingofinnocentandvulnerable易受攻击的children-characterslikeDavidCopperfieldLittleDorritandtheorphanOliverTwist:WithhissliceofbreadinhishandandhislittlebrownparishcaponhisheadOliverwasnowledawayfromthewretchedhomewhereonekindwordorlookneverlightedthegloomofhisinfant幼儿days.Yetheburstintoanagonyofchildishgriefasthecottagegateclosedafterhim.Wretchedaswerethelittlepanionsin,miseryhewasnowleavingbehindhimtheyweretheonlyfriendshehadeverhad.HisfirstbookSketchesbyBozcameoutin
1836.WiththeappearanceofOliverTwistinLondonperiodicalsin1837the25-year-oldDickensbecamethemostpopularwriterinEngland.Buthisfirstlovewastheaterandheconsideredbeinganactor.WhenhewasactuallywritinghebecamehischaracterssaysPeterAckroydauthorofDickens:PublicLifeandPrivatePassion.Hewouldgetupfromhisdeskgoovertothemirrorandmouththewords-dotheexpressionsgrimaces嵬脸whateverandthenlaughchuckletohimselfthengobacktohisdeskandwriteitdown.Dickenscreated989namedcharacterswhichincreasedhispopularity.Everyoneofhismajorworkshasbeenadaptedforeitherstageorscreen.AChristmasCarolinspiredmorethanadozenfilmsfromAlistairSimsScroogein1951toJimCarreysvoicingofthesamecharacterinDisneysxx3-Danimatedfilm.Theoriginal1843manuscript(手稿)ofAChristmasCarolisondisplayattheMorganLibrary.Dickenswroteeverythingbyhandintinyscriptwithaquillpen.RemarkablythemanuscriptisboththefirstandthefinaldraftsaysKielythecurator.YoucanseewhereDickenshaschangedthenameofthefirstchapterfromOldMarleysGhosttoMarleysGhost.Furtherdownthepagehehascanceledanentiresection.HerealizeshesnotwritinganovelandheonlyhasaveryshorttimeinwhichtowritethisKielyexplains.HesgottokeepittightinorderforittobepublishedintimeforChristmas.Dickenswroteallthetime.Hetraveledwithaportableinkwellandasupplyofquillpens.HewasworkingonhislastnovelOurMutualFriendenroutefromFrancetoLondonwhenthetrainhewasoncrashed.Dickensdiedfiveyearslaterin1870afterastrokeatage
58.AsaictalentandasocialreformerDickensachievementwasextraordinarysaysnovelistT.C.BoylewhoeamedadoctorateinVictorianliterature.Heachievedwhatanygreatartistachieves-abodyofworkthathasentertainedanddelightedandinstructedpeopledownthroughtheages.ThatswhatweallhopeforsaysBoyle.ButDickensgreatestfictionwashisowncharactersaysCallowthebiographer:Peoplethinkofhimasacheerfulman...buthewasincreasinglysufferingfromdepressionandasenseofhopelessness.Andthatsworthknowing.Ithinkitsalwaysgoodtoknowthatgreatcreativeindividualshavetheirstruggletheirdrama.
66.WhatcanprobablybereflectedinDickensworksA.Hisloveforhisfamily.B.Hischildhoodsufferings.C.Hisdesireforformaleducation.D.Hisreasontochooseliterarycareer.
67.TheauthorquotesDickensdescriptionofOliverTwistmainlytoshowA.thatDickenswasfullofpityforpoorchildrenB.thatDickensknewwellaboutpoorchildrenC.whatrealpovertywaslikeinhisdaysD.whatkindoflifeOliverTwistlived
68.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_A.SketchesbyBozisnothingbutapletefailureB.OliverTwistmadeDickensfirstknowntothepublicC.AChristrwasCarolprovedDickensanefficientwriterD.OurMutualFriendcameintobeingonatrain
69.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatA.allthecharacterscreatedbyDickensarepopularB.peoplepreferfilmsbasedonDickensnovelstohisworksC.DickensweremoreinterestedinperformingthaninwritingD.thefilmsandplaysbasedonDickensnovelsraisehispopularity
70.WhatdidDickensintendtodobytellinghisstoriesA.Toamusehisreadersandchangesociety.B.Toanalyzethenatureofsocietyhewasm.C.Tomakeanattackontheupperclassofthetime.D.Togetridofhisdepressionandsenseofhopelessness.【参考答案】66—
70、BACCA阅读理解Asayounggirlgrowingupinthe1930sIalwayswantedtoflyaplanebutbackthenitwasalmostunheardofforawomantodothat.Igotatasteofthatdreamin2001whenmyhusbandarrangedformetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday.Buttheexperienceturnedouttobeverydull.AroundthattimeItoldmyhusbandthatIwantedtoskydive.SowhenourretirementmunityannouncedthattheywerehavinganessaypetitionandthetopicwasanexperienceofalifetimethatyouwantedtohaveIdecidedtowriteaboutmydream.IntheessayIwroteaboutmydesiretoskydivestatingGeorgeBrushSr.diditatage
80.WhynotmeIwasjust84andinprettygoodhealth.AyearwentbyandIheardnothing.ButthenatamunitypartyinlateAprilxxtheyannouncedthatIwasoneofthewinners.Ijustcouldn’tbelieveit.InspiredbythisIdecidedtorealizemydreameventhoughsomeofmyfamilymembersandmydoctorwereagainstit.OnJune11xxnearly40ofmyfamilyandfriendsgatheredintheareaclosetowhereIwouldlandwhileIheadedupintheairplane.MyinstructorJayguidedmethroughtheexperience.TheplanewasthenoisiestoneIhadeverbeeninbutIwasn’tfrightened—Iwasreallyjustlookingforwardtotheexperience.Whenwereached13000feetJayinstructedmetothrowmyselfoutoftheplane.WhenwefirsthittheairthewindwassostrongthatIcouldhardlybreathe.ForasecondIthought“WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto”Buttheneverythinggotcalmer.WewereinafreefallforaboutaminutebeforeJayopenedtheparachute(降落伞)thenwejustfloateddownwardforaboutfiveminutes.BeingupinthecloudsandlookingattheviewbelowwasunlikeanythingIhaveeverfelt—muchbetterthanthehotairballoon.Iwasjustenjoyingit.Skydivingwasreallyoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife.Ihopeotherpeoplewilllookatmeandrealizethatyoudon’tstoplivingjustbecauseyouare84yearsold.Ifthere’ssomethingyouwanttoexperiencelookintoit.Ifit’ssomethingthatispossiblemakeithappen.
6.Whathappenedtotheauthorin2001A.Sheflewanairplane.B.Sheenteredapetition.C.Shewentonahotairballoonride.D.Shemovedintoaretirementmunity.
7.TheauthormentionedGeorgeBushSr.inheressayto.A.makeherargumentpersuasiveB.showheradmirationforhimC.paretheirhealthconditionD.buildupherownreputation
8.HowdidtheauthorfeelimmediatelyaftershejumpedoutoftheplaneA.Excited.B.Regretful.C.Nervous.D.Scared.
9.WhatdidtheauthorenjoymostwhenshewasskydivingA.Thebeautifulclouds.B.Thewonderfulview.C.ThepanyofJay.D.Theone-minutefreefall.
10.WhatisthebesttitleofthepassageA.Impossibleisnothing.B.Adreammadeetrue.C.Anunforgettableskydiving.D.IWentSkydivingat84!【参考答案6--10】CABBD阅读理解AnideathatstartedinSeattlespubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:helptobuildasenseofmunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit追求tobeenjoyedbyalltheprogramallowsstrangerstomunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebusaswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched发起theIfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBookprojectin
1998.HeroriginalprogramusedauthorvisitsstudyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabookbuttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancitiesandeventoHongKong.InChicagothemayor市长appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookintheOneBookOneChicagoprogram.Asaresultreadingclubsandneighborhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.AcrosstheUSstoriesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYorkwherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetownswhereagreatersenseofunitycanbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepointputtingalltheirenergyandpassionintothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.UltimatelyasNancypointsoutthelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeoplereadabookbutbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocessorhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehavesharedaword.
11.WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancyA.Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.B.Toencouragepeopletoreadandshare.C.Toinvolvepeopleinmunityservice.D.Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.
12.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheprojectA.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.C.Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds.D.Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment.
13.AccordingtothepassagewherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedoutA.Inlargemunitieswithlittlesenseofunity.B.Inlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhome.C.Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulation.D.Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached.
14.Theunderlinedwords“sharedaword”inParagraph5probablymean.A.exchangedideaswitheachotherB.discussedthemeaningofawordC.gainedlifeexperienceD.usedthesamelanguage
15.AccordingtoNancythedegreeofstudentsoftheprojectisjudgedby.A.thecarefulselectionofaproperbookB.thegrowingpopularityofthewritersC.thenumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreadingD.thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads【参考答案11--15】BCDAC阅读理解WhyshouldmankindexplorespaceWhyshouldmoneytimeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefitsWhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarthThesearequestionsthatunderstandablyareveryoftenasked.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup基因构成ashumanbeings.WhatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplainsandonintoallpossibleareasandenvironmentsThewiderthespreadofaspeciesthebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexploredbecausebydoingsoanydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledgewemaybepletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledgewecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential潜在的resourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthemtheywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakepredictioninsatellitesforweatherforecastingandinmunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products副产品oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespace.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturntheexplorationofspaceallowscreativebraveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworksitalsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexistsbutknowledgecanhelphumanbeingtosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspacethechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlifesurelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferentbuthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.
16.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1A.Toexpresshisdoubts.B.Toparedifferentideas.C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.
17.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2A.Humansarenature-borntodoso.B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.C.Humansmayfindnewsourcesoffood.D.Humansdon’tliketostayinthesameplace.
18.Theunderlinedword“spin-offs”inParagraph4probablyrefersto______.A.survivalchancesB.unexpectedbenefitsC.potentialresourcesD.physicalpossessions
19.WhatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanetsA.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.B.Resourcesontheearth..C.Ourgeneticmakeup.D.By-productsinspaceexploration.
20.WhichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassageA.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidedthebestvalueformoney.C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.【参考答案16--20】CABAD。