还剩9页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
2019-2020年七年级英语上册被动语态教案人教新目标版
一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系英语的语态共有两种主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态汉语往往用被、受、给等词来表示被动意义 如 Heopenedthedoor.他打开了这扇门(主动语态) Thedoorwasopened.这扇门被打开了(被动语态)
二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变疑问式和否定式的变化也如此
1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种,现以动词clean为例列表说明
2、被动语态的句式变化 以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化
3、含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,be+过去分词部分不变如 Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石头制造 Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那时桌子可由石头制造(一般过去时) Cantablesbemadeofstone桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)
三、被动语态的用法
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时 Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.这座桥是去年建造的 Hewaselectedchairman.他被选为主席
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略 Theroomhasntbeencleanedyet.房间还没有打扫 Thetigerwaskilledbyhim.老虎被他杀死了
3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态如 Thewindowwasblownbywind.窗户被风吹开了 Thewholevillagehasbeenwashedawaybytheflood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了
4、表示客观的说明常用Itis+过去分词.句型 ItissaidthatLucyhasgoneabroad.据说露茜已经出国了 Itisbelievedthatheisaspy.=Heisbelievedtobeaspy.大家相信他是个间谍 其它常见的Itis+过去分词+that句型还有 Itisreportedthat…据报道 Itissaidthat…据说 Itisbelievedthat…大家相信 Itissuggestedthat…有人建议
四、主动语态变为被动语态 转换图示
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤
(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语 注意如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格如 Tomkilledhim.→HewaskilledbyTom.
(2)将动词改为be+过去分词 注意 Theyheldameetingyesterday.→Ameetingwasheldbythemyesterday. 他们昨天开会了
(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后 注意如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格 Hesangasong.→Asongwassungbyhim.
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项
(1)主动句中的主语如果是peopleweyoutheysomebody等含糊地表示人们、大家的单词,变为主动句时,通常删去by…,但原主语被强调者除外如 Theysetupthishospitalin
1975.→Thishospitalwassetupin
1975. 这所医院建于1975年 Onlyhecanfinishthejob.→只有他能完成这项工作 Thejobcanbefinishedonlybyhim.这项工作只能由他来完成
(2)含有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式但多以间接宾语作主语 Jacktoldusthetruth.杰克告诉了我们真相 WeweretoldthetruthbyJack. ThetruthwastoldtousbyJack.
五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意 以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词,如lookfeelsmell等下列动词没有被动式happen, cost,take,have Anaccidentwashappenedyesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故 Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.() Theflowersmellssweet.这花闻起来很香 Thewatchlooksgood.这表看起来很好 Thisbooksellswell.这本书畅销
六、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例) 1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done) Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语 ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会 Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室 2.一般过去时was/were+done Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了 Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了 Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了 3.一般将来时与过去将来时will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲 Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路 Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助 4.现在进行时与过去进行时am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理 Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论 Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车 5.现在完成时have/hasbeen+done Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了 Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了 Severalsoldiershavealreadybeenkilledintheconflict.在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害 6.过去完成时hadbeen+done Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了 Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁 Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied. 他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了被动语态专项练习Ⅰ单项选择
1.Goodbooks____againandagain.A.shouldbereadedB.shouldbereadC.mustread D.oughttoread
2.Thechildren____bythenurse.A.werelooked B.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked
3.He___somepiecesofadvicebuthe____tothem.A.gavedidntlisten B.wasgivenwasntlistenedC.givewasntlistenedD.wasgivendidntlisten
4.When____theaccident_____A.washappenB.didhappenC.ishappen D.washappened
5.Thequestion____byussoon.A.isgoingtodiscuss B.willdiscussC.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed
6.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.A.wasbuildedB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt
7.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup
8.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished
9.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grewD.was…grown
10.He____bytheteachers.A.isalwayspraisedB.praisesC.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised
11.Greatchanges____place.Manynewschools____ .A.havetakenhavebeenopenedB.takeareopenC.aretakenopen D.havebeentakenareopened
12.Thepicture______ inOctober
1996.A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken
13.Wecantusethebridgenowbecauseit______.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired
14.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing
15.Thewar______in
1941.A.brokeout B.hadbeenbrokenoutC.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout
16.Whenwater______itwillbechangedintovapour.A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats
17.Wecantentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking
18.They______dayandnight.A.aremadework B.aremadetoworkC.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork
19.ChanganRoadis______ofpeople.A.filledB.fillC.fullD.fulled
20.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.A.wassentup B.issentupC.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup
21.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.A.issingingB.issungC.willsingD.wassung
22.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned
23.When______thePeoplesRepublicofChina_____A.wasfoundB.wasfoundedC.didfoundD.doesfound
24.Marysradio______bymybrotherjustnow.A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended
25.Yourexercisebooks_____afterclass.A.willhandinB.musthandinC.handedinD.mustbehandedin
26.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.A.beplantedB.plantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted
27.Thesun_____atnightasusual.A.canbeseenB.cantseeC.cantbeseenD.doesntsee
28.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon
29.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen
30.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.A.brokeisbroken B.isbrokenwasbrokenC.wasbrokenbrokeD.hasbeenbrokenbrokenⅡ把下列句子改为被动语态
1.Isawtheboyrunyesterday.
2.Hetoldmethathewouldebacksoon.
3.Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages.
4.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday
5.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.
6.Ithinkthatheisright.
7.Hehadnotthrownthebadfood.
8.Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.
9.TheywouldnottakehimtoBeijing.
10.Nobodyknewmeinthistownatthattime.参考答案Ⅰ单项选择
1.B
2.C
3.D
4.B
5.C
6.B
7.B
8.A
9.A
10.A
11.A
12.C
13.D
14.A
15.A
16.A
17.C
18.B
19.C
20.C
21.B
22.D
23.B
24.C
25.D
26.A
27.C
28.B
29.C
30.BⅡ、把下列句子改为被动语态
1.Theboywasseentorunbymeyesterday.
2.Iwastoldthathewouldebacksoon.
3.Alotofdifferencescanbefoundbyyoubetweenthetwolanguages.
4.Areyourflowerswateredeveryday
5.Thebigtreewasblowndownlastnight.
6.Itisthoughtthatheisright.
7.Thebadfoodhadnotbeenthrown.
8.Thetrouserswerenotbeingmendedbymymother.
9.HewouldnotbetakentoBeijing.
10.Iwasknownbynobodyinthistownatthattime.。