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2019-2020年高三英语语法专项状语从句含答案【考点分析】状语从句是每年高考必考的内容,在高考试题中加上其它从句的干扰,以及倒装句,强调句的介入,使得状语从句更为复杂
1.时间状语从句由下列连词引导whenwhileasbeforeafteroncetilluntilsinceassoonasnowthathardly…whenscarcely…whennosooner…than有一些表示时间的副词(短语)或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句如directlyinstantlyimmediatelybythetime,themomentthesecondtheminutetheinstanteverytimeeachtimenexttimethelasttime等重点内容如下
①whenwhileas引导的时间状语从句▲as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生ShecameupasIwascooking.同时Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.几乎同时▲whenatorduringthetimethat既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.指时间点Whenwewereatschoolwewenttothelibraryeveryday.在一段时间内Whenwearrivedtherethefilmhadalreadybegun.先后发生▲while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词在when表示aperiodoftime时,两者可以互换Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhile/whenothersareworking.Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.不可用as或when,这里的while意思是“趁……”
②before状语从句的重点句型▲……之后……才ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleep.▲不多久……就Itwasn’tlongbeforehetoldmeabouttheaffair.▲不等……就BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme.▲刚……就Hehardlyenteredtheroombeforeheheardthetelephonering.▲先……再Youcanhaveafewdaystothinkaboutitbeforeyoumakeyourdecision.
③since引导的从句用延续性动词的过去式(包括过去完成时),则从句的动作已经结束从句意思是否定的如果从句的动词是延续性的用完成时态,从句意思是肯定的▲HehasneverbeentoseemesinceIwasill.我病愈后,他一直未来看我(不在生病了)▲HehasneverbeentoseemesinceIhavebeenill.我病了,他一直未来看我▲Ihaven’theardfromhimsincehelivedhere.自从他这里搬走,我就没有收到他的信(不住在这儿了)▲Iknowhimverywellsincehehaslivedherenearus.自他住在我们附近以来,我对他很了解▲It’sthreeyearssinceIwasinthearmy.我退伍已三年了(不在服役了)▲It’sthreeyearssinceIhavebeeninthearmy=Itsthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.我入伍已三年了
④如果与till与until从句使用的主句是肯定的,则主句中谓语要用延续性动词如果与其使用的主句是否肯定的,则主句中谓语要用短暂性动词另till从句不可以置于句首,只有until从句可以放在句首notuntil放在句首时主句要倒装xx·山东实验中学诊断Yourtimeisrunningout.Changeyourmind________itistoolate!A.sinceB.whenC.untilD.before解析句意你快没时间了,趁着来得及趁着还不晚改变主意吧!before“在……之前”;since“自从”;when“当……时候”;until“直到”答案D
2.原因状语从句由下列连词引导as(由于)because因为since(既然)nowthat既然consideringthat(顾及到)seeingthat(由于)IdoitbecauseIlikeit.因为我喜欢我才干because不能与so连用Hecouldn’thaveseenmebecauseIwasnotthere.他不可能见过我,因为当时我不在那儿Seeingthatquiteafewpeoplewereabsentwedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.由于好些人都没到会,我们决定延期开会Nowthat/Sinceyouareallherelet’stryandreachadecision.既然大家都来了咱们就设法做一个决定吧Asshewasillshedidn’tetotheparty.由于病了,她没来参加晚会Consideringthattheyarejustbeginnerstheyaredoingquiteagoodjob.考虑到他们才刚刚学做,他们干得算很不错的了重点内容如下
①because语气最强,用于回答why的提问,可与强调词onlyjust以及否定词not连用但不可以与so连用如Youshouldn’tgetangryjustbecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.另外注意与not连用时否定的转移Hedidn’tdosuchathingbecausehewasafraidofhiswife.他并不是因为怕他的妻子才做这样的事because引导的从句可以被强调ItwasbecauseshewantedtostudyabroadthatsheenteredforTOEFL
②as语气较弱,since语气也较弱,但比as正式一些所说明的原因比较明显或是已知的事实,多用于口语中,所以不应该强调常置于句首Asalltheseatswerefullhestoodthere.SinceyouaregoingI’llgotoo.
③for虽解释为“因为”但只是一个并列连词,它引导的是并列句,不是原因状语从句ThedaywasshortforitwasDecember.xx·湖南十二校第一次联考Howcanyouexpecthimtomakeanyimprovement________younevergivehimanopportunitytohaveatryA.unlessB.whenC.untilD.while解析考查状语从句句意既然你从来没有给他机会去尝试,你怎么能指望他会有所提高呢?根据句意应该选B,when在此处引导原因状语从句,意为“既然”答案B
3.地点状语从句由下列连词引导:wherewhereveranywhereeverywhereAnywherehewenthegotwarmwele.Thegirltakesthedollwithhereverywhereshegoes.WuhanlieswheretheYangtzeandtheHanRivermeet.武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处Wherethereisawillthereisaway.有志者,事竟成You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.哪儿有问题,你最好在哪儿做个记号这里where引导的从句不是定语从句xx·河北衡水中学一模Ifyouaretraveling________thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourownpleasedoastheRomansdo.A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where解析句意如果你正在一个风俗迥异的地方旅行,请入乡随俗where引导地点状语从句答案D
4.结果状语从句由下列连词引导that,so…that,sothat(从句中不带情态动词),such…that,withtheresultthat等注意以下几种结构
①so+adj/adv+that…
②sucha/an+adj+n+that…
③so+adj+a/an+n+that=sucha/an+adj+n+that…
④somany/much/few/little少+n+that…注意以上结构与定语从句so/such…as的区别Thisissuchaninteresting/sointerestingafilmthat/aseveryonewantstoseeit.Hedidn’tplanhistimewellsothat/sohedidn’tfinishtheworkintime.他没把时间计划好,结果没按时完成这项工作Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.我们走得匆忙,把门都忘了锁了Thevillageissosmallthatitcannotbeshowninthemap.这村子太小,所以这地图上没有Jennyissuchaclevergirlthatalltheteacherslikeherverymuch=JennyissocleveragirlthatalltheteacherslikeherverymuchJenny是如此聪明的女孩,以至老师们都非常喜欢她IhavehadsomanyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.我摔了许多跤,以至于浑身青一块紫一块IhadsolittlemoneythenthatIcouldn’taffordalittlepresent.我当时囊中羞涩连一份小小礼物都买不起【巩固练习】Ⅰ.用正确的引导状语从句的连词词组填空
1.Itseemedonlyseveralminutes________hefinishedthispainting.
2.Ithasbeenthreeyears________shecametoourschool.
3.Thechurchwasbuilt________therehadoncebeenaRomantemple.4.Iwascaughtinashower________allmyclothesgotwet.
5.Illtellherthenews________Iseeher.Ⅱ.单项填空1..—I’mgoingtoNewYorkforfurtherstudiesnextterm.—Congratulations!________you’retherecanyoukeepmee-mailedA.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If2..Hardly______whenthebussuddenlypulledaway.A.theyhadgottothebusstopB.theygottothebusstopC.didtheygettothebusstopD.hadtheygottothebusstop3.._______shehadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningshewashitonthehead.A.SinceB.BeforeC.WhenD.Until
4.____youhaveexpressedyourdeterminationyoushouldactimmediately.A.NowthatB.EventhoughC.InorderthatD.Until
5.—It’salongtime__________Isawyoulast.—Yesandwhatapityitisthatitwillbeanotheryear_______weseeeachotheragain.A.before;sinceB.since;whenC.since;beforeD.when;before【参考答案】
1.before
2.since
3.where
4.sothat
5.assoonas/themoment/theinstant/theminute BDBAC
(2)
5.目的状语从句由下列连词引导sothatinorderthatincaselestforfearthat等目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词cancouldmaymightshould连用目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词cancouldmaymightshould连用(sothat也可用来引导结果状语从句,但从句中不带情态动词)Let’stakethefrontseatssothatwemayseemoreclearly.我们坐前排吧,这样我们看得更清楚些Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm.早点儿放学是为了让孩子们在暴风雨到来之前回家Hetookthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.他把名字写下省得忘了(该从句中一般用情态动词should+动词原形,或省略should)Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.最好多带些衣服以防天气会冷注意sothat引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后xx·浙江六校联考Idliketoarrive20minutesearly________Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat解析句意我想提前20分钟到达,这样我就可以有时间喝杯茶此处是sothat引导的目的状语从句,从句中常含情态动词答案D
6.条件状语从句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句(用在虚拟语气中)表示条件的状语从句可以由if(如果)unless(除非)incase(万一)so/aslongas(只要)as/sofaras(就……而言)onconditionthat(条件是……)suppose(假设)supposing(假设)(仅用在问句中),providedprovidingthat等词或词组引导一般情况下当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时As/Solongaswedon’tloseheartwe’llfindawaytooverethedifficulty.只要我们不灰心,我们就能找到克服困难的方法Sendusamessageincaseyouhaveanydifficulty.万一你有什么困难,请给我们一个信儿Ifyouleaveat6o’clocktomorrowmorningyou’dbettergettobednow.如果你明早6点钟走,你最好现在就上床We’llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.只要你能保持整洁,我们可以让你使用这个房间As/SofarasIknowheisanexpertonDNA.据我所知,他是一个DNA专家He’llacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow/ifthesalaryisnottoolow.他会接受这项工作的,除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的话Suppose/Supposingwecan’tgetenoughfoodwhatshallwedo假设我们弄不到足够的食物,那我们怎么办?xx·西城一模Themedicineworksmoreeffectively________youdrinksomehotwateraftertakingit.A.asB.untilC.althoughD.if解析as意为“因为,当……时”;until意为“直到”;although意为“尽管,虽然”;if意为“如果”句意如果你吃完药后再喝一些热水,效果会更好答案D
7.让步状语从句由下列连词引导althoughthoughasevenifeventhoughwhilewhether…orwhoeverwhateverhowevernomatter+疑问词等Wewon’tbediscouragedevenif=eventhoughwefailtentimes.我们就是失败十次也不泄气Itwasanexcitinggamethough/althoughnogoalswerescored.那是一场精彩的球赛,尽管一个球都没进Whetheryoubelieveitornotit’strue.不管你信不信,这是真的However=NomatterhowexpensiveitmaybeI’lltakeit.无论它有多贵,我也要买下它Don’tlettheminwhoever=nomatterwhotheyare.不管他们是谁,别让他们进来NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayithealwaysthinksI’mwrong.无论我说什么或怎么说,他总认为是我错注意以下几点
①althoughthough引导让步状语从句时,主句前不能用but但可以加yetstilHerefuseshelpalthoughhehasmanyfriendswhowanttoofferallkindsofhelp.
②as引导让步状语从句时,必须用前置结构,通常是从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在句首,放在句首的名词前的冠词要去掉Childasthoughheisheknowsalot.(注意在child前不要用冠词)MuchasIlikeitIwon’tbuy.Tryashewouldhecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.xx·合肥第二次质量检测Thewaragainstofficialcorruptionhasmadegreatprogressinthepastfewyears________thegovernmenthasmoretorootitout.A.ifB.thoughC.unlessD.however解析考查状语从句句意反对官员腐败的斗争在过去的几年里取得了非常大的进步,尽管政府要铲除腐败还有更多的事情要做根据语意可知,此处有“让步”之意,所以用though引导让步状语从句答案B
8.方式状语从句由下列连词引导asasifasthoughtheway等Doitthewayyouweretold.注意以下几点
①as引导方式状语从句时意义为“按照”,“如同”,前面常用加强语势Ididitjustasyoutoldme.
②asif和asthough引导的从句中,谓语常用虚拟语气,有时也用陈述语气
③连词while和whereas可表示对比Whereasheisratherlazysheisquiteenergetic.
9.比较状语从句由下列连词引导as…asnotas…asnotso…asthan等
10.注意状语从句中的省略现象状语从句省略的条件A:主句和从句的主语一致,或从句主语为it;B:从句谓语是be动词的某种形式a:时间状语从句的省略这类从句主要由whenwhileassoonasonceuntil等引导Don’tleavethemachinetillyouaretoldto.b:地点状语从句中的省略这类从句主要由wherewherever引导Youcanaddsomewordstoyourdiarywhereitisnecessary.c:条件状语从句的省略这类从句主要由ifunlessonce引导Shewon’tgotohisbirthdaypartyunlesssheisinvited.d:让步状语从句的省略这类从句主要由thoughalthoughevenif引导Thoughhehadbeendefeatedmanytimeshedidn’tloseheart.e:比较状语从句的省略这类从句主要由asthan引导Theprojectwaspletedearlierthanitwasexpected.【巩固练习】
1.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroducedthefactoryproduced______tractorsinxxastheyearbefore.A.asmanytwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyD.twiceasmanyas
2.YoucanflytoUKthismorning_____youdon’tmindchangingplanesinHongKong.A.becauseB.providedC.unlessD.sofaras
3.theworldeconomyisindifficultywecanseethepeopleofChinaarefullofhope.A.As;/B.Because;whichC.Though;asD.With;/
4.Japanesescientistssaid“Ourdreamistocreate(clone)amammoth(猛犸),itisabigdream.”A.sinceB.becauseC.thoughD.however
5._________asmallnumberofAustraliansarebittenbyspiderseachyearmostrecoverwithoutanymedicaltreatment.A.WhileB.UnlessC.WhenD.Because
6.—WillyougotoMary’sbirthdayparty—No._____invitedIcan’tgo.I’llbetoobusythen.A.IfB.UnlessC.EvenifD.When
7.Thegameisnotverydifficultyouunderstandtheroles.A.untilB.thoughC.onceD.unlessⅡ.翻译句子1.虽然我的第一节课失败了,但是我希望这个失败能有助于我将来的成功______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.就我来说,如果我的父母护送我来上大学的话,我将非常高兴______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.尽管有许多困难要克服,但是她从不让困难击倒自己______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.除此之外,如果她有些问题,她会尽可能经常地问她的老师____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案CBCCACC
1.AlthoughmyfirstclassisafailureIhopeitisthefailurethatwillhelpleadmetosuccessinthefuture.
2.AsfarasIamconcernedIwouldbeveryhappyifmyparentsacpanymetomyuniversity.
3.Althoughtherearelotsofdifficultiestooveresheneverletsherproblemsdefeather.
4.Besidessheoftenconsultsherteachersasoftenaspossibleifshehassomeproblems.。