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2019-2020年八年级英语下册Module8Unit3Languageinuse教案外研版ⅠTeachingmodelRevisionandapplicationⅡTeachingmethodFormalandinteractivepractice,task-basedactivitiesⅢTeachingObjectivesTosummariseandconsolidate.ⅣTeachingaidsTaperecorderOHPhandoutsⅤTeachingStepsStep1RevisionReviewthetextofUnit2Grammarlearning
一、什么是状语从句? 用一个句子(从句)来做另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫做状语从句作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句例如条件状语从句就是用一个句子来做条件状语
二、状语从句的分类
(1)时间状语从句用法要点 凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有when,before,after,until,assoonas,while等,具体用法如下
1.when意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生例如Ifeelveryhappywhenyouetoseeme.你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴Whenyouarecrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.你(们)过街道时,一定要小心 when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词eg.HewasworkingatthetablewhenIwentin.当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作SomeoneknockedatthedoorwhenIwassleeping.当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenIhavetime.当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友IworkedforaforeignpanywhenIwasinShanghai.当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作 注when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事eg. Iwasfishingbytheriver,whensomeonecalledforhelp. 我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救 Wewereworkinginthechemistrylab,whenthelightswentout. 我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了
2.before意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前例如 Wecleanedtheclassroombeforeweleftschoolyesterday.昨天离开学校之前,我们打扫了教室 Hehadbeenacookbeforehewenttocollege.他上大学前曾当过厨师 after意为“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后例如 Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustntthrowthemabout.你(们)用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔 Hecalledmeafterhehadfinishedhiswork.他在工作完之后给我打了个电话注若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近,那么也可以不用完成时态,例如上面的第二句可改成Hecalledmeafterhefinishedhiswork.
3.since引导的时间状语从句,译为“自从……”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时eg. Wehavemademanydumplingssincewebegantocook.自从我们开始做饭起,我们已经包了许多饺子了Wehaventseeneachothersinceweparted.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面 注常用句型Itis+时间段+since从句 译为自从……有多长时间了e.g.Itissixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了
4.until意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时,从句常用否定形式,not…until…意为“直到……才……”,这时的until可以用before来替换例如 Illstayhereuntilyoueback.我会呆在这里,直到你回来(stay表示的动作可以持续) Hedidntgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.他直到做完作业才睡觉(gotobed表示的动作不能持续)
5.assoonas意为“一……就……”,表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生例如 Illtellhimaboutitassoonasheesback.他一回来我就告诉他这件事
6.while引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与……同时,在……期间”,while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词eg.Theyrushedinwhilewewerediscussingproblems.当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来FatherwascleaningthecarwhileIwasplayingputergames.当我正在打电子游戏时,爸爸正在清洗汽车 注while也可以作并列连词,表转折的关系,相当于but,译为“然而”eg. Ilikelisteningtomusic,whilemybrotherlikesdoingsports.我喜欢听音乐,而我的兄弟爱好运动
7.till和until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……为止”,
(1)not…till/until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……才”前者强调主句动作的结束,用延续性动词,后者强调主句动作的开始,用点动词eg. Iwillwaitformyfrienduntil/tillhees.我要一直等到我朋友来 Wewontstartourdiscussionuntil/tillhees. 我们要等到他来了,再开始我们的讨论
(2)条件状语从句用法要点 我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生例如 Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,wewillgotherebybike.如果明天不下雨,我们就骑自行车去那里IfIgetthereearly,Icanseethedoctorquickly.如果我早早地到那里,我就可以快点看病
(3)地点状语从句用法要点 常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)eg. Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者,事竟成 Wewillgowhereverthemotherlandneedsusmost.我们要到祖国最需要的地方去
(4)原因状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有because,as和since,三者的区别是在回答问题的时候,使用because;对于显而易见的原因,常用as或since;as和since的从句常放在主句之前,而because的从句常放在主句之后eg. Whydidyougo?IwentbecauseTomtoldmetogo.你为何去?那是因为汤姆叫我去 Hewasangrynotbecausewewerelatebutbecausewemadeanoise. 他很生气不是因为我们来迟了,而是因为我们弄出了声音Asitwasraininghard,wehadtobeindoors.由于雨太大,我们只好呆在家里Sinceyoufeelill,youdbetternotgotowork.既然你感觉不舒服,你最好不要去上班了
(5)目的状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有sothat,that和inorderthat译为以便,为了,目的是eg.Pleasespeakmoreslowlysothatwecanmakefullnotes.请讲慢一点,以便我们能作详细笔记IshallwritedownyouraddressthatImaynotforget.我要把你的地址记下来,以免忘记Isenttheletterbyairmailinorderthatitmightreachhimintime.这封信我以航空信发出,以便他能及时收到注目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语eg.Weworkharderthanusual finishitinaweek. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完成工作
三、主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况
1.若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词,或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时例如 Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心 Putupyourhandifyouhaveanyquestionstoask.如果你们有问题要问的话,请举手 Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelightsarered.红灯亮时,车辆必须停下
2.若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去,那么主从句都可以用一般过去时例如 Shecouldsingwhenshewasfouryearsold.她四岁的时候就会唱歌Step2Languagepractice
1.WhilewerestayingwiththemweregoingtospendafewdaysinQingdao.当我们和他们在一起时,要去青岛玩几天
2.Letsenjoyourselvesuntilwegobacktoschool.让我们好好玩一玩,直到我们返回学校
3.Anditsthelastdaybeforethenewschoolyearbegins.它在新学年开始前的最后一天
4.WhenSeptemberesitStartstogetcooler.当九月到来时,天气开始变冷
5.Assoonasits12coclockeveryoneshoutsveryloudly.一到12点,大家都高声喊叫Step3Exercise
1.Choosethecorrectwordtopletethesentences1ewentSkatingintheafternoonbefore/whenthepartystarted.2Until/Afterdinnerwejoinedagroupoffriendsandweallwenttothesquare.3While/WhentheywerewatchingTV,welistenedtomusicandsangtraditionalsongs.
4.Assoonas/Afteritwas12oclock,weallshouted“HappyNewYear”veryloudly.
5.Westayedinthesquareafter/untiloneoclock,
6.While/Whenthepartywasover,wewalkedbacktoourhotel.
2.pletetheconversation.choosethecorrectphrases.
3.aAfterthefoodhasallgonebAssoonasyou’rereadycWhenwegetbackdWhilewe’rewaitingfortheNewYeareBeforetherearetoomanypeoplefBeforewegoBetty:WhenareyougoingtothepartyDaming:We’rewaitingforyou.Wecango______________________.Betty:OKlet’sgo.It’sbettertobeearlyandgetthere_________________.Daming:Yeswedon’twanttogetthere_________________________.Betty:OhDaming!Youalwaysthinkabouteating.Daming:Wellit’ssomethingtodo_____________________________________.Betty:Don’tyouwanttomakeyourNewYear’sresolutions____________________Daming:Noit’sOK.I’llmakethem__________________.
3.WorkinpairsAskandanswerthequestions1Doyoudoyourhomeworkbeforeyouhavedinner2Doyoulistentomusicwhileyoudoyourhomework3Whatdoyoudoafterschool4Doyougetoutofbedassoonasyouwakeup5Whatdoyousaywhensomeonegivesyouapresent6Whatwillyoudountiltheendoftheterm
4.pletethepassagewiththewordsandexpressionsinthebox:brightlightscelebrationcountdowndarkexcitingfireworksgettogetherpartyresolutionsspecialtraditionalNewYearisaverybusytime.Wehavelotsofthingstodo.Weholdabig__________withlotsfoodanddrink.Weliketo__________withoutfriendsbecauseit’sa________time.TheNewYearisawonderful__________offriendship.Weholehandsandsing_________songs.Wemake___________fortheHewYearandpromisetotryhardertohelpfamilyandfriends.Althoughitgets________earlybecauseit’swinterthereare____________intheskywhenthe________start.We_____________“Tennineeight….”andthenshouted“HappyNewYear”toeveryoneassoonasit’smidnight.Thisisthemost____________moment.Step4Listening
1.Listenandmatchthespeakerswiththeirholidayplans.
2.Listenandcheckⅴthetruesentences.
1.LindacelebratedNewYearxxathome.
2.January1st,xxwasacoldandsnowyday.
3.MothersdayisonMay3rd.
4.Susan’smotherlikesflowersbetterthansoaporchocolate.
5.ThanksgivingDayisnotonthesamedayeveryyear.Step5Workinpairs.
1.Askandansweraboutholidayplanswhere/spendtheho1idaysI/spendtheho1idays/inSanya—Whereareyougoingtospendtheholidays—I’mgoingtospendtheholidaysinSanya
1.howlong/Staytheretwoweeks
2.who/gowithFamily
3.what/doswim/eatfavouritefood/haveagoodtimeStep6Exercise
1.pletethepassagewiththecorrectformofthephrasesintheboxcountdowndependonenjoyoneselfgettogetherspendsometimetheendofthestartofWe’vestartedto________________thedaysuntil____________term.Nextweekis_____________thesummerholidays.Thenwe’llhavesixweeksoffschool.Wehaven’tmadeanyplansyetbutwe’regoingto_____________doingallourfavouritethings.We’ll________________withourfriendseverydayandhavelotsoffun.Wewantto____________atthebeachbutwedon’tknowwhenwe’lldothat.It_____________theweather.We’llgowhenit’ssunny.Step7Aroundtheworld:PublicHolidays
1.Readthroughtheboxwiththestudents.
2.Readandanswer1HowdotheScotlandpeopledoon25thJanuaryWhatfor2Whatdayis17thMarchHowdopeoplecelebrateitStep8Moduletask:
1.WritingaboutaChinesefestivalDopeoplecelebratethisfestivalinothercountriesoronlyinChinaDoeseveryonecelebratethefestivalatthesametimeIsthefestivalonthesamedayeveryyearHowdopeoplecelebratethefestivalDotheyeatspecialfoodDotheywearspecialclothesDotheystayathomeordotheygosomewheretocelebrate
2.Writeaboutthefestival.Joinyouranswersofthequestionswithassoonas.whilewhenuntilStep9HomeworkFinishtheexerciseintheworkbookEx.VisitfamilyandfriendsStayathomeGotoafavouriteplaceGosomewherenewJaneBettyTonyMike。