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2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习专题《虚拟语气》导学案一虚拟语气的概念IfIwereyouIwouldstudyEnglish.如果我是你,我就学英语了Mayyousucceed!祝您成功!虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观______的事实,而是说话人的主观_______、_______或推测等二虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法:
1.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrowwewillgotothepark.如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园
2.Ifmybrotherwerehereeverythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了
3.Ifitshouldsnow/weretosnow/snowedheavilythiseveningwewouldnothaveeveningself-study.如果今晚下大雪,我们将不上晚自习了
4.Ifhehadseenyouyesterdayhewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是________条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是________,在这种真实条件句中的谓语用_______语气,如第____句如果假设的情况是________或________都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是_______条件句,如第_________句从句主句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were)_____________________________3d1t+动词原形与过去事实相反动词的___________would/should/could/might+__________________与将来事实相反动词过去式,_____+动词原形,_______+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形难点一错综条件虚拟Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctoryou____________beallrightnow.IfI_______takemyraincoatwhenIcameoutthismorningIwouldnotbewetthroughnow.有时________表示与过去事实相反的假设,而主句却表示与_____或_______的事实相反,即表示“如果_______…,现在或将来就会…”之意,这种虚拟形式叫错综条件虚拟语气难点二虚拟语气的省略或倒装:ShouldheeIfheshouldetellhimtoringmeup.WereIyouIfIwereyouIwouldnotdoit.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice______________________,youwouldnthavefailedintheexam.如果虚拟条件从句中有_______,had此处had必须是______动词或_______,可以把_______省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成倒装难点三含蓄虚拟条件句(用其它形式替代if条件从句)1)有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来,而是通过介词短语来表示常见的介词有________butfor等如WithoutairIfthere_______noairtherewouldbenolivingthings.ButforyourhelpIfit_______________foryourhelpIcouldn’thavedoneit.2)有时虚拟语气体现在某些副词上,如butororelseotherwise等Iwasbusythatday.OtherwiseI_________________gotherewiththem.→IfI_____________busythatdayIwouldhavegonetherewiththem.IwouldhavefinishedtheworkbutIwasill.→IfI____________illIwouldhavefinishedthework.Heturnedupatlastorwewouldhavehadtofindanothertimeforthemeeting.三.虚拟语气中用shoulddo的情况
1.Idemandthatheshouldanswermeimmediately.
2.Itwasrequiredthatthemedicines_____________sendtherebyplane.
3.Theordercamethateverybody_____________fightagainstH1N1flu.
4.Hissuggestionisthatwe____________solvetheproblematonce.用来说明________、命令、提议、请求、要求等动词或________内容的从句谓语动词用shoulddo常见的动词和名词有(在括号内写出单词的意思)urge()remend()requirerequestdemand()insist()suggest()mand()orderpropose()advise等remendationrequirementrequestdemandsuggestionmandorderproposaladviceetc.注意当suggest表“________________”,insist表“______________”时,应使用陈述语气对比:Hispalefacesuggestedthathe__________beill.It’ssuggestedthattheplan__________carryout.Heinsistedthathe__________notstealthewoman’swallet.Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient____________operateonatonce.Itisimportantthateveryoneshouldobeythelaw.Itisstrangethatheshouldsayso.Itisessentialthateffectivemeasuresshould_____________taketoimprovelearningefficiency.归纳句型Itisimportant/strange/essential/自然的()that从句,从句中的谓语动词用___________________________可省略四几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法
1.观察以下wish引导的宾语从句,归纳出wish+宾语从句的用法HowIwishI__________beaflyingbird!Hewisheshehadn’tmadesuchamistake.IwishIcouldgotospacesomeday./HowIwishitwouldbefinetomorrow.归纳_____________表示与现在的事实相反wish+_____________表示与过去的事实相反_____________表示与将来的事实相反
2.观察以下ifonly引导的从句,归纳出ifonly的用法IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!区别Hewillsucceedonlyifhedoeshisbest.归纳_____________表示与现在的事实相反ifonly+_____________表示与过去的事实相反_____________表示与将来的事实相反
3.观察以下asif/though引导的从句,归纳出asif/though的用法Shelovesthebabyasifit__________beherownson.Theytalkedasifthey________befriendsforyearsbutinfacttheymetonlyafewminutesago.Manydarkcloudsgatherinthesky.Itlooksasifit_______________rain.归纳________________表示与现在的事实相反asif/though+________________表示与过去的事实相反但是,当说话者认为句子所属的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时,asif/though后应该用___________语气
4.观察以下wouldrather引导的从句,归纳出wouldrather的用法Iwouldratheryou__________paymenow.Iwouldratheryou_______________nottellmethetruthjustnow.Iwouldratheryou______________etomorrow.归纳_____________表示与现在的事实相反wouldrather+_____________表示与过去的事实相反_____________表示与将来的事实相反
5.观察以下it’shigh/abouttimethat引导的从句,归纳出其用法Whenyoucan’tfindtimeforarestit’stimeyou__________needarest.你该休息的时候youshouldhavearest.归纳It’shigh/abouttimethatsb._________/___________sth.巩固练习
1.Ifthey____earlierthanexpectedthey____herenow.A.hadstartedwouldbeB.startedmightbeC.hadstartedwouldhavebeenD.willstartmighthavebeen
2.WereItodoitI________itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo
3.I________himtheanswer________possiblebutIwassobusythen.A.couldtell;ifithadbeenB.musthavetold;wereitC.shouldhavetold;haditbeenD.shouldhavetold;shoulditbe
4.Withoutyourhelpwe________somuch.A.won’tachieveB.didn’ttachieveC.dontachieveD.wouldnthaveachieved
5.Heasksthathe________anopportunitytoexplainwhyhe’srefusedtogothere.A.isgivenB.mustgiveC.shouldgiveD.begiven
6.Itisimportantthatwe________.A.shallclosethewindowbeforeweleaveB.willclosethewindowbeforeweleaveC.mustclosethewindowbeforeweleaveD.closethewindowbeforeweleave
7.DoyouthinkofWangFangssuggestionthathe________Mr.LitothepartyA.willinviteB.haveinvitedC.isinvitedD.invite
8.LiMinginsistedthathe________anythingatall.A.hadntstolenB.shouldn’ttstealC.doesn’ttstealD.steal
9.--Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible---YesbutI____busydoingmyhomework..A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe
10.Histiredfacesuggestedthathe________reallytiredafterthelongwalk.A.hadbeenB.wasC.beD.shouldbe
11.He________youmorehelpeventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive
12.Janewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatMarywouldetoseeher.A.hassheknownB.hadsheknownC.ifsheknowD.ifshehasknown
13.[xx·重庆卷]ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI________itA.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.amdoing
14.[xx·安徽卷]Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichthey_____awayinthepast!A.hadthrownB.willbethrowingC.werethrowingD.wouldhavethrown
15.[xx·北京卷]We________backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.wouldbe
16.[xx·福建卷]________nomoderntelemunicationswewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.A.WerethereB.HadtherebeenC.IfthereareD.Iftherehavebeen
17.[xx·湖南卷]IfMr.Dewey________presenthewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.A.were B.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.was
18.[xx·陕西卷]Wewouldratherourdaughter________athomewithusbutitisherchoiceandsheisnotachildanylonger.A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay
19.[xx·天津卷]____themorningtrainhewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.A.DidhecatchB.ShouldhecatchC.HashecaughtD.Hadhecaught
20.[xx·浙江卷]Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigationorthey_____toourhelp.A.wouldhaveeB.couldeC.haveeD.hade。