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2019-2020年高中英语UKEducationSystems练习外研版必修1Belowyou’llfindourbriefingonthemajordifferencesbetweenUKandUSeducationsystemsincludinginformationonthenationalcurriculumgradingandexaminationsaswellaslinkstoadditionalresources.PrimaryandSecondaryK-12EducationMorethan90%ofstudentsintheUKattendpublicly-fundedstateschools.Approximately
8.5millionchildrenattendoneofthe30000schoolsinEnglandandWales;inScotland830000childrenattendabout5000schoolsincludingpre-schoolsandotherspecialeducationschools;andNorthernIrelandsends350000childrento1300stateschools.Primaryschoolsusuallyincludebothgirlsandboysaspupils.Secondaryschoolsmaybeeithersingle-sexorco-educational.EducationdepartmentsinEnglandScotlandandWalesfundschoolsthroughaLocalEducationAuthorityorEducationAuthorityinScotland.InNorthernIrelandschoolsarelargelyfinancedfrompublicfundsthroughfiveEducationandLibraryBoards.NationalCurriculuminEnglandWalesandNorthernIrelandBylawallchildreninEnglandandWalesbetweenages5and16mustreceiveafull-timeeducationwhileinNorthernIrelandchildrenmustbeginatage
4.Forchildrenunderage5publicly-fundednurseriesandpre-schoolsareavailableforalimitednumberofhourseachweek.Aftertheageof16studentscanattendsixthformcollegesorotherfurthereducationinstitutions.Bothoptionsoffergeneraleducationcoursesinadditiontomorespecificvocationalorappliedsubjects.TheUKintroducedaNationalCurriculumin1992andstateschoolsarerequiredtoadheretoituntilstudentsreachage
16.TheEducationandSkillsActofxxraisedthepulsoryageto18effectiveinxxfor17year-oldsandinxxfor18year-olds.IndependentschoolsarenotobligedtoadheretotheNationalCurriculum.NationalCurriculumcoresubjectsare:EnglishWelshisalsoacoresubjectinWelsh-speakingschoolsmathematicssciencedesignandtechnologyinformationandmunicationtechnologyhistorygeographymodernforeignlanguagesmusicartanddesignphysicaleducationandcitizenship.Inadditiontothesecoresubjectsareanumberofotherpulsorycoursessuchasreligiouseducation.NorthernIrelandfollowsasimilarframework;howeverschoolscandevelopadditionalcurriculumelementstoexpresstheirparticularethosandmeetpupilsindividualneedsandcircumstances.ThecurriculumalsoincludestheIrishlanguageinIrish-speakingschools.AfterfiveyearsofsecondaryeducationstudentstakeexaminationsinarangeofsubjectsatthelevelofGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducationGCSE.TheGCSEisasingle-subjectexaminationsetandmarkedbyindependentexaminationboards.StudentsusuallytakeuptotenthereisnoupperorlowerlimitGCSEexaminationsindifferentsubjectsincludingmathematicsandEnglishlanguage.AftertakingGCSEsstudentsmayleavesecondaryschooling;alternativelytheymaychoosetocontinuetheireducationatvocationalortechnicalcollegesortheymaytakeahigherlevelofsecondaryschoolexaminationsknownasAS-Levelsafteranadditionalyearofstudy.FollowingtwoyearsofstudystudentsmaytakeA-LevelshortforAdvancedLevelexaminationswhicharerequiredforuniversityentranceintheUK.ScotlandScotlandhasitsownqualificationframeworkthatisseparatefromthatinEnglandWalesandNorthernIreland.Aftersevenyearsofprimaryeducationandfouryearsofpulsorysecondaryeducationstudentsaged15to16maytaketheScottishCertificateofEducationSCE.TheScottishCertificateofEducationisrecognizedthroughouttheUKastheequivalenttoGCEA-levelsandisusuallytheentryqualificationforuniversity.FormoreinformationaboutScotland’seducationsystemvisitLearningandTeachinginScotlandorEducationUKScotlandforinformationabouthighereducation.GradesandTranscriptsTheAmericanconceptofaschooltranscriptisunfamiliarintheUK.SchoolsintheUKdonotgenerallyrankpupilswithintheiryear;currentlytheprincipalstandardsaretheGCSESCEandASandA-Levelexaminationresults.ThereisnoofficialmethodofequatingBritishandAmericanprimaryandsecondaryeducationalqualifications.Theeducationalsystemsareentirelydifferentandattemptstoparethemmustbedoneonastrictlyprovisionalbasis.FormoreinformationonEnglishexaminationspleasevisittheAssessmentandQualificationsAlliancewhichisthelargestofthethreeEnglishexaminationbodies.ForinformationonNorthernIreland’sexaminationpolicypleasevisittheCouncilonCurriculumExaminationsandAssessmentorformoreaboutScotland’sgradingproceduresyoucanreviewtheScottishQualificationsAuthority’swebsite.Post-secondaryandHigherEducationApproximately
1.8millionstudentsarecurrentlyenrolledintheUKhighereducationsystem;aboutonethirdofyoungpeoplegoontohighereducationatage18withalmost50%ofstudentsinScotlandandanincreasingnumberofmaturestudentsarestudyingeitherfull-timeorpart-timeforuniversitydegrees.UndergraduatedegreestakethreeyearstopleteinEnglandWalesandNorthernIrelandwhileatScottishuniversitiestheylastfouryears.Atthegraduatelevelamastersdegreeisnormallyearnedinasingleyeararesearchmastersdegreetakestwoyearsandadoctoraldegreeisoftenpletedinthreeyears.Professionalcoursessuchasmedicineveterinarymedicinelawandteachingusuallyareundertakenasfive-yearundergraduatedegrees.。