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2019-2020年高中英语unit4第4课时unitRevision练习新人教版必修3Ⅰ.阅读理解Axx·潍坊一中高一4月月考SurfaceExploration.Robotsmakegreatexplorersonplanets,moons,andotherlandingareas.Asidefromearth,justabouteverysurfaceinthesolarsystemisunsafeforhumanstoexplore.Theaironmostotherplanetsisinsufficient不足的forhumanstobreathe,makingitnecessarytowearaspacesuitandoxygenequipment.Thetemperaturesonthesesurfacesaremuchtoohotormuchtoocoldforanyhumanstowithstand.Plustherewouldbeplicationswithradiation,weather,andalackofgravity.Robotshavemuchlesslimitationintheseareasandcansurvivemuchlongerundertheseconditions.DataCollection.Robotsaredesignedforcollectingscientificdata.Robotsarealsoabletoperformmanytasksatatimeandcanprocessinformationmuchquickerandmoreefficiently.Importantscientificprojectsfromdetectingminerals,analyzinggroundsamples,andfindingwaterareallperformedmuchquickerandmoreaccurately精确地byrobots.CostEffective.Theuseofrobotshasmadethecostofspaceexplorationmuchlessexpensivethanitwouldcostforhumanstodothework.Inordertosuccessfullysendhumansintospacewewouldneedtobuildavehiclethatcannotonlycarryhumans,butalsoenoughfoodandwatertokeepthemaliveforthedurationofthetrip.Moreover,robotshavenoproblemsworkingforhoursonend.Robotsneverplain,theydontrequirefoodorwater,andtheyneverneedabathroombreak.SpaceTravel.Overthepast30yearsorsotherehavebeenmanydifferenttypesofrobotsusedsuccessfullyintheexplorationofspace.PerhapsthemostfamousandsuccessfulrobotsaretheSpiritandOpportunitywhohavebothbeenexploringthesurfaceofMars.TheyhavebothbeenverysuccessfulwithexperimentsonsoilandrocksandhaveevenfoundevidenceofwaterinMarshistory.文章大意本文主要介绍了机器人是如何在一些星球上进行太空探索及与人相比所占的优势及所起的作用等等1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueA.Theuseofrobotsinspaceexplorationcostsmorethantheuseofhumans.B.Itmaybedangerousforhumanstoexplorethesolarsystemexcepttheearth.C.BoththeSpiritandOpportunityhavefoundtheevidenceofwaterintheMars.D.Manydifferenttypesofrobotshaveexploredthespacesuccessfully.答案A 细节理解题由第三段Theuseofrobotshavemadethecostofspaceexplorationmuchlessexpensivethanitwouldcostforhumanstodothework.可知使用机器人进行太空探索比人类做这项工作花费更少,因此A项说花费更多是错误的2.WhichcolumncouldthepassageefromA.Education. B.Finance.C.Travel.D.Science.答案D 推理判断题本文主要介绍机器人在太空探索中的运用,这应该属于科学栏目,故选D项3.Theunderlinedword“withstand”mostprobablymeans“________”.A.ariseB.bearC.defeatD.diverse答案B 词义猜测题前面提到这些星球的表面太热或太冷应该是会让人难以忍受,故选B项,bear意为“忍受”4.WhatisthewritersattitudeinthispassageA.Negative.B.Persuasive.C.Subjective.D.Objective.答案D 推理判断题纵观全文可知作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的使用,并未带有否定的、说服性的或者是主观的看法,故选D项5.Whilesendinganastronautintothespace,weshouldconsiderthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.theradiationB.theoxygenC.thedietD.thealien答案D 细节理解题由第一段“Theaironmostotherplanetsisinsufficient不足的forhumanstobreathe,…Plustherewouldbeplicationswithradiation,weather,andalackofgravity.”可知,有A、B项;由第三段“Inordertosuccessfullysendhumansintospacewewouldneedtobuildavehiclethatcannotonlycarryhumans,butalsoenoughfoodandwatertokeepthemaliveforthedurationofthetrip.”可知,有C项所以选择D项BOfalltheplanetsnonehascapturedtheworldsimaginationlikeMars.Itsreddishcolorandchangesinbrightnessovertimemaketheplanetanunforgettablesight.InCosmosthetelevisionscienceseriesfromthe1980sscientistCarlSagantalkedaboutsometraditionalideasaboutMars.SomeoftheseideasarefromtheEnglishsciencefictionwriterH.G.WellsTheWaroftheWorlds.OthersarefromthemistakenscienceofPercivalLowelltheAmericanastronomerwhobelievedintelligentbeingslivedonMars.WellsdescribedMartiansasthreatening.Lowellimaginedthemasthehopefulengineersofgreatworks.CarlSagansaidthatbothideasinfluencedthepublicdeeply.TodayMarscontinuestoexcitehumans—notastheobjectofsciencefictionbutofscientificstudy.SpacescientistshavecollectedawealthofinformationfromspacecraftsthathaveorbitedlandedonanddugintotheMartiansurface.TheSmithsoniansMarsDayofferedachanceforpeopleofallagestotouchMarsoratleastapieceofit.AllisonandAlyciafromSilverSpringMarylandbroughttheirchildrenGraceSamRyanandEmma.TheyheardaboutMarsanditsgeologyfromexperts.TheycouldseeatestversionoftheVikinglandersthatreachedMarsinJulyof
1976.Theyalsosawmeteorites陨星knowntohaveefromtheredorreddishplanet.EightyearoldSamlearnedthattheancientdescriptionofMarsasredisnotexactlyright.Hesaid“Itsactuallyorangishmorethanredanditsalsokindofbrown.”Emmaissix.ShelearnedaboutthevolcanicactivitythathasshapedthesurfaceofMars.Shesaid“TheclosestthingtoMars—thestuff—isfromvolcanoesmostly.”MarsDayofferedAllisonandAlyciaschildrenachancetolearnmoreaboutaworldthattheyareverylikelytosetfootonwithintheirlifetimes.文章大意在“火星日”,人们可以对火星有更好的了解和认识6.WhatisParagraph2mainlyaboutA.WhyMartianswereconsideredthreatening.B.WhyMarshascapturedtheworldsimagination.C.WhatpeoplegenerallythoughtofMarsinthepast.D.HowH.G.Wellsgottheideaforhissciencefiction.答案C 主旨大意题通读第二段,可知主要是讲人们关于火星的一些传统认识,故选C7.ItisimpliedinParagraph3that________.A.todaysspacescientistsstillknownothingaboutMarsB.todaysspacescientistsareveryinterestedinMarsC.sciencefictionfilmsarenolongersetinMarsD.spacescientistshaventmadeanyprogressinknowingMars答案B 推理判断题根据第三段的“TodayMarscontinuestoexcitehumans—notastheobjectofsciencefictionbutofscientificstudy.”以及后一句“Spacescientistshavecollectedawealthofinformation...”可推断现在的航天科学家们对火星很感兴趣8.Samwouldprobablyagreethat________.A.MarsisnotreallyredB.nometeoriteshaveefromMarsC.MarscannotbedescribedasalittlebrownD.theancientdescriptionofMarscoloristrue答案A 推理判断题根据第四段的“Hesaid,‘Itsactuallyorangishmorethanredanditsalsokindofbrown.”可知Sam认为火星并不是红色的,而是橘黄色甚至带点褐色,故选A9.WhatisthewritersattitudetowardtheideathathumanswillsetfootonMarsA.Hethinksitmayhappeninthisyear.B.Hethinksilwillalwaysremainadream.C.Hethinksitwilletruewithinhundredsofyears.D.Hethinksitmayhappeninthefollowingdecades.答案D 推理判断题根据末段的“aworldthattheyareverylikelytosetfootonwithintheirlifetimes”可知作者认为人类在接下来的几十年内就有可能登上火星10.TheSmithsoniansMarsDaymightNOTofferpeopleachanceto________.A.learnaboutthesurfaceofMarsB.seeatestversionofsomeVikinglandersC.seemeteoritesknowntohaveefromMarsD.sitinaspacecrafttoexperiencethelifeofanastronaut答案D 细节理解题通读全文,可知作者并没有提到在火星日,前往参观的人可以坐在宇宙飞船里体验宇航员的生活,故选DⅡ.完形填空xx·淮北一中高一期末“Kevinwearegettingadivorce,”saidmymother.Myheartplunged急降.Iwas9yearsoldandIthoughtthatmylifewasgoingto__1__.MybrotherandIweregoingtomovewithmymothertosouthernCalifornia.Mydadwasto__2__inNewJerseybecauseofwork.Myfamilywassplittingapart.Nowthatmymomisa__3__parentIdomyownlaundrymakedinneranddoextrachoresaroundthehouse.__4__itwashardatfirstInowrecognizethepositive__5__thatthisresponsibilityhadonme.Mymothergavemethese__6__anddutiessothatIwouldlearntobeeself-disciplined自律的andtrustworthy.Istrivetoshowthese__7__inmylifeandhaveseenthebenefits.WhenIwasonly11yearsoldmy__8__toldmethathewasselectingmeassoccerteamcaptainbecauseofmydeterminationandabilitytogetmyteammatesto__9__themselves.We__10__thechampionshipbutIwonthefairplayawardforkeepingmyteamtogether.IamalwaysdeterminedtobeanindividualandnotparticipateinanythingthatIfeelis__11__.Iamforexampleextremely__12__ofmydecisionnottodrinkalcohol.PersonallyIdontfeeltheneedtodrinktohavefunandIstandbymydecisionevenwhenotherstryto__13__me.Mymomanddadbothfoundnew__14__andhappilyremarried.Iam__15__closetomyfathereventhoughhelives4800kmaway.Ithoughtmyparentsdivorcewasgoingtobetheworstthingthat__16__happenedtome.Ironically讽刺的是itturnedouttobethe__17__.Iwasntwillingtoletit__18__mylifewithoutputtingupafightandneitherwasmyfamily.Atage9Ifoughtwiththeconfusionand__19__ofdivorce.Todayatage16Iunderstandthat__20__canbringopportunityandsuccessandthathardworkdeterminationandselfdisciplinecanturnyourworsttimeintoyourbesttime.文章大意本文讲述了作者父母离婚并没有带来任何负面的影响,反而给作者带来了更多的机会和成功1.A.fallapart B.standoutC.carryonDetrue答案A 考查短语辨析A.fallapart崩溃;B.standout突出,坚持;C.carryon继续同一方向的航行;D.etrue变为现实根据前一句Myheartplunged急降我的心猛地一沉,由此可知我认为我的生活将会崩溃故选A2.A.fightB.remainC.acpanyD.practice答案B 考查动词A.fight吵架;B.remain保持;C.acpany陪同;D.practice联系根据后句Myfamilywassplittingapart.可知我的父亲因为工作仍然在新泽西故选B3.A.carelessB.cruelC.niceD.single答案D 考查形容词A.careless粗心的;B.cruel残忍的;C.nice美好的;D.single单身的由上文的父母离婚可知我母亲成为单亲母亲故选D4.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.IfD.Since答案A 考查连词A.Although尽管;B.Because因为;C.If如果;D.Since自从根据后句Inowrecognizethepositive__5__thatthisresponsibilityhadonme.可知这里是转折关系,故用however尽管起初很难故选A5.A.attitudeB.experienceC.effectD.situation答案C 考查名词A.attitude态度;B.experience经验;C.effect影响;D.situation状况这里考查短语havethepositiveeffecton对……有积极的影响句意是现在我知道这样的责任对我有积极的影响故选C6.A.achievementsB.abilitiesC.choresD.disadvantages答案C 考查名词A.achievements成就;B.abilities能力;C.chores零活儿;D.disadvantages缺点根据上文Idomyownlaundrymakedinneranddoextrachoresaroundthehouse.提示可知我母亲给我这些零活和责任故选C7.A.choresB.difficultiesC.feelingsD.qualities答案D 考查名词A.chores零活儿;B.difficulties困难;C.feelings感情;D.qualities品质我努力奋斗在我生活中显示这些品质故选D8.A.fatherB.headmasterC.brotherD.coach答案D 考查名词A.father父亲;B.headmaster校长;C.brother兄弟;D.coach教练根据后的hewasselectingmeassoccerteamcaptainbecauseofmydeterminationandabilitytogetmyteammatesto__9__themselves.的关键词soccerteamcaptain可知这里为我的教练故选D9.A.enjoyB.teachC.helpD.push答案D 考查动词A.enjoy喜欢;B.teach教;C.help帮助;D.push推动,增加,对…施加压力,逼迫这里指因为我的决心和能力能够让我的队友们努力故选D10.A.wonB.lostC.hadD.achieved答案B 考查动词A.won赢得;B.lost失去;C.had拥有;D.achieved获得根据后面的转折butIwonthefairplayawardforkeepingmyteamtogether.可知我们失去了冠军故选B11.A.wrongB.abnormalC.dynamicD.violent答案A 考查形容词A.wrong错误的;B.abnormal不正常的;C.dynamic充满活力的;D.violent猛烈的我总是决心成为独特的,不参与任何我感觉认为是错误的事情故选A12.A.afraidB.tiredC.proudD.fond答案C 考查形容词A.afraid害怕的;B.tired劳累的;C.proud自豪的;D.fond喜欢的句意是比如,我尤其骄傲我不喝酒的决定故选C13.A.cheatB.persuadeC.pleaseD.cheat答案B 考查动词A.cheat欺骗;B.persuade劝服;C.please取悦;D.cheat欺骗根据前句andIstandbymydecision可知甚至当其他人试图劝服我喝酒故选B14.A.familiesB.jobsC.kidsD.partners答案D 考查名词A.families家庭;B.jobs工作;C.kids孩子;D.partners伙伴根据后句andhappilyremarried.可知我父母都找到了各自的新的伴侣故选D15.A.stillB.notC.rarelyD.less答案A 考查副词A.still仍然;B.not不是;C.rarely罕见的;D.less更少的根据后句eventhoughhelives4800kmaway.可知我仍然与我的父亲很亲近故选A16.A.neverB.evenC.everD.almost答案C 考查副词A.never从不;B.even甚至;C.ever曾经;D.almost几乎我认为我父母的离婚将会是曾经发生的我身上最糟糕的事情故选C
17.A.bestB.worstC.busiestD.first答案A 考查形容词A.best最好的;B.worst最糟的;C.busiest最忙的;D.first首先根据前一句Ithoughtmyparentsdivorcewasgoingtobetheworstthingthat__16__happenedtome.可知更为讽刺的是,结果证明是最好的事情故选A18.A.challengeB.protectC.beatD.ruin答案D 考查动词A.challenge挑战;B.protect保护;C.beat敲打;D.ruin毁坏根据后句withoutputtingupafightandneitherwasmyfamily.可知我不愿意它毁了我的生活故选D19.A.painB.memoryC.importanceD.celebration答案A 考查名词A.pain疼痛;B.memory记忆;C.importance重要性;D.celebration庆祝在9岁时,我为困惑和痛苦而斗争故选A20.A.obstaclesB.familiesC.parentsD.divorce答案A 考查名词A.obstacles障碍;B.families家庭;C.parents父母;D.divorce离婚今天,我16岁了,我懂得障碍能够带来机会和成功故选A。