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2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习课时作业40Meetingyourancestors新人教版Ⅰ.阅读理解xx·河北省衡水中学四调FourschoolchildrenfromBelgradeEnglandwereoutontheirbikesonWednesdayevening.Unexpectedlytheysawanelderlymangraspingforbreath喘息inthestreet.Theytriedtocallthepoliceandambulanceservicebuttheirphoneswerenotworkingduetonetworkproblems.BeforethePolishmanbecameunconsciousthechildrenkepthimcalmwhiletheyflaggeddown招停apassingdriver.ThechildrenusedwordstheyhadpickedupfromtheirPolishclassmatestotranslatetheinjuredmansanswerstothedriversquestions.Gary10andhissixyearoldsisterLilystayedwiththemanwhileThymusandOwenboth11ledtheambulancetothespotwherehelay.Soonthemanwastakentohospital.Thefantasticfourchildrenwhocametotheaidoftheelderlymandeservethehighestrespectfortheirquickthinkingandcourageinanemergencysituation.Theyareacreditnotonlytothemselvesbuttotheirfamiliesandtheirschool.Anditisgreattobeabletohearsuchapositivestoryaboutyoungpeople.Whatisnotsopositiveaboutthisstoryisthefactthatseveraladultsapparentlywalkedbywithoutstoppingtohelp.Thisseemingindifferencetoanemergencysituationisawellnotedphenomenonwhichpsychologistssometimesrefertoas“thebystandereffect”.Researchsuggeststhatwhenagroupofpeoplewitnessanemergencypeoplearelikelytoassumethatsomebodyelsewillinterveneandtheyfeelthattheburdenofresponsibilityisliftedfromtheirshoulders.Perhapstheanswertothissortofthingsistointroducea“GoodSamaritan”law.ThisalreadyexistsinFranceandplacesalegalresponsibilityonpeoplewhowitnessanemergencysituationtohelpoutaslongastheycandoso.Thiscertainlyseemstoremoveanydoubtaboutwhobearstheburdenofresponsibilityforofferingassistance—everyone.1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheelderlymanA.HespokePolishwiththechildren.B.Hefellfromhisbikeandgotinjured.C.Hewastakentohospitalbythedriver.D.Herecoveredconsciousnessinthestreet.2.InParagraph3theauthormainly________.A.showshisgreatsympathyforthemanB.giveshighpraisetothefourchildrenC.offershisspecialthankstothedriverD.expresseshisangeratseveraladults3.Theunderlinedword“intervene”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto________.A.becurious B.goonC.giveupD.getinvolved4.InFranceifanemergencyhappenstosomeone,________.A.offeringhelptohimisrequiredbylawB.peoplehavetherighttoleavethesceneC.othersmustgetpermissionbeforehelpinghimD.thewitnesseswillbepunishediftherescuefails答案与解析本文是关于四个孩子帮助一位波兰老人,用他们所学到的知识来送老人去医院的事,这些孩子应得到表扬,这些事在不同的国家有不同的看法1.A 细节理解题根据第二段提到ThechildrenusedwordstheyhadpickedupfromtheirPolishclassmatestotranslatetheinjuredmansanswerstothedriversquestions.孩子用他们从说波兰语同学那学到的波兰语翻译这位老人的答案给司机,故选A项2.B 段落大意题第三段主要在讲四个神奇的孩子给老人以援助,因为他们的快速思考和对策而应得到尊敬,这不仅仅对他们自己来说是个认可,对他们的家庭和学校也是一种认可,对于年轻人来说听到这样的故事是很有鼓励性的,故选B项3.D 词义猜测题根据倒数第二段提到Researchsuggeststhatwhenagroupofpeoplewitnessanemergencypeoplearelikelytoassumethatsomebodyelsewillinterveneandtheyfeelthattheburdenofresponsibilityisliftedfromtheirshoulders研究者说,当一群人目击紧急事件时,他们会感觉其他人会出面干涉,他们没有责任,故选D项4.A 细节理解题根据最后一段提到ThisalreadyexistsinFranceandplacesalegalresponsibilityonpeoplewhowitnessanemergencysituationtohelpoutaslongastheycandoso.这种事在法国,如果帮助陷入困境的人会负法律责任,故选A项Ⅱ.完形填空AnewwordhassuddenlybeewildlypopularinChina—“tuhao”.Itsbeingusedtodescribe__1__fromthenewbuildingofPeoplesDailytoexpensive__2__weddingsfullofmillionairesandthenewgoldcolorediPhone.InChinese“tu”means__3__,and“hao”meansrich.Tosaysomeoneistuhaoisto__4__theyefromapoor__5__backgroundandhavemadeitrichquick—butdontquitehavethemannersto__6__it.“Tuhao”is__7__anoldword—datingbackperhapsas__8__astheSouthernDynasty1500yearsago—but__9__hasalwaysmeantsomethingratherdifferent.Duringthemunistrevolutionfromthe1920stoearly1950sitwaswidelyusedtorefertolandholdersandthegentry乡绅whowouldoftendobadthingstothose__10__them.Thisnewusageoftheterm__11__inSeptemberafterawidelyshared__12__aboutarichbut__13__manwhowenttoaBuddhistmonkforadvice__14__tobetoldhowtoliveamoresimplelife.Themonkreplied__15__withthephrase“Tuhaoletsbefriends!”Chinese__16__usersarehighlycreativeintheiruseoflanguageandare__17__inventingandreinventingwordsasawayofgettingpastcensorship审查rules.Butinthis__18__,itspopularityseemstobedowntothefact__19__itencapsulates概括Chinaschangingsocietysowell—manypeoplelaughatthosewithwealthbutare__20__jealous.1.A.everybody B.everythingC.everywhereD.everyone2.A.abilityB.securityC.celebrityD.safety3.A.earthB.skyC.spaceD.ash4.A.announceB.cryC.rememberD.imply5.A.peasantB.soldierC.scholarD.teacher6.A.putupwithB.getawaywithC.eupwithD.goalongwith7.A.finallyB.eventuallyC.actuallyD.lately8.A.longB.farC.highD.late9.A.itB.heC.sheD.any10.A.aboveB.besideC.beneathD.in11.A.tookupB.tookdownC.tookoffD.tookin12.A.newsB.jokeC.accidentD.history13.A.unhappyB.happyC.unluckyD.lucky14.A.expectingB.imaginingC.countingD.dreaming15.A.stillB.evenC.ratherD.instead16.A.InternetB.TVC.telephoneD.blog17.A.quicklyB.slowlyC.constantlyD.unconsciously18.A.expeditionB.caseC.explorationD.environment19.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when20.A.openlyB.publiclyC.closelyD.secretly答案与解析本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了汉语中tuhao土豪一词的来源“土豪”原指在旧社会乡里横行霸道的地主和乡绅,后被网友广泛用来指那些有钱的人1.B 从空后的“fromthenewbuildingofPeoplesDaily...andthenewgoldcolorediPhone”可知,此处指的是物,故用everything2.C 根据语境并结合后面的“fullofmillionaires”可知,此处指豪华的“名人”婚礼3.A 根据常识可知,汉语中“土”的本意是“土地”,因此选A项4.D 说某人是土豪即暗示他们有贫农背景imply“暗示”,符合语境5.A 根据上下文并结合常识可知,与土地打交道的是农民,因此用peasant“农民”6.D 根据but的转折语气同时结合文中对土豪的介绍可知,此处指土豪的行为举止与其富有程度不配,因此选D项7.C 根据语境可知,此处指土豪一词实际上并不是新词,所以用actually“事实上,实际上”8.B asfaras+时间点表示“远至……”,符合语境9.A 用it代指上文提到的“tuhao”10.C 这些地主阶级和乡绅欺压比他们社会地位低的百姓,所以用beneath,表示“在……以下”11.C 本段是对“土豪”一词再次走红的介绍,这里用tookoff表示“观念等突然流行”,符合语境12.B 由本段后面的内容可推断,故事内容不合逻辑,带有调侃,故这是流传的“笑话”选B项13.A 此处but表示“转折”,故用unhappy,表示这个富人虽有钱但并不开心14.A 富人想过更简单的生活,“期望”从修行的僧侣那儿得到答案故选A项15.D 由后文可知,禅师回答的不是这个富人所期望的,因此用instead“反而”16.A 此处指中国网民在语言使用上极富创造性,他们常常对语言进行创造和再创造,以此来规避审查应选A项17.C 结合语境并根据“inventing”可知,应用constantly“始终,一直”,表示一直都在进行的动作18.B 此处指就土豪这个例子来说case“实例”,符合语境19.C fact后跟同位语从句,解释说明fact的具体内容,故用that引导20.D 此处“but”表示转折,故选D项很多人嘲讽富人,但暗地里却在妒忌Ⅲ.语法填空Everyonemayhaveaplexanddifferentprocessofgrowingup.Therearemanyinfluentialfactorsinapersonsgrowthand__1__developofhispersonality.Asforme__2__hasaffectedmemostinmygrowthandpersonalityismyfamilyandfriendsthetwo__3__equalimportantfactors.AfterIwas__4__bearmyfamilyisthefirstsurroundings.Itplaysasignificantrole__5__shapingmycharacterbecauseitsthemostdirectsourceofknowledgeandexperienceforme.Asweknowthosewhoarebrought__6__ingoodfamiliestendtohaveagoodcharacterandviceversa.FortunatelyIbelongto__7__former.Besidesfriendsinsomewaysinfluencemealot.AlthoughwemayhavemanydifferentopinionsandpersonalitiesIhavereallylearntsomething__8__benefitfromthem.Frankly__9__speakIgetlotsofvaluablethingsfrommyfamilyandfriends.Myfamilyoffersmewearmthandcareswhilemyfriendsgiveme__10__strongandcourage.Thereforebothofthemhaveinfluencedmemostinmygrowth.答案与解析1.development 名词作宾语2.what what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语3.equally 修饰形容词用程度副词equally同样地4.born beborn出生5.in playasignificantrolein在……中起重大作用6.up bringup养大,抚养7.the theformer前者8.beneficial 形容词作定语somethingbeneficial一些有益的事9.speaking franklyspeaking坦白地说10.strength 名词作宾语strength力量Ⅳ.短文改错GrainwhichisusedtobethemainfoodofmostpeopleinChinaisnowplayingamoreimportantrole.Ontheotherhandmeatandfishhasincreasedrapidly.Thechangesindietcanbeaccountedbythreemainreason.Firstpeoplearemuchwealthierthanbefore.Byhigherinetheycanaffordtobuygoodfoods.Secondpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofbalanceddiettotheirhealth.Lackincertainamountofmeatforexamplewillresultinpoorhealth.Finallybecauseoftheeconomicreformmeatchickenfishormilkwhichwerescarceinthepastwereproducedinlargequantitiesnow.Webelievethatasfarastheeffortcontinuesinreformanddevelopmenttherewillbegreaterchangesinpeoplesdietinthefuture.答案。