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2019-2020年高考英语二轮专题复习精练阅读理解
(7)[xx·辽宁高考]Goinggreenseemstobeafad时尚foralotofpeoplethesedays.Whetherthatisgoodorbadwecantreallysaybutforthetwoofusgoinggreenisnotafadbutalifestyle.OnApril222011wedecidedtogogreeneverysingledayforanentireyear.Thismeantdoing365differentgreenthingsanditalsomeantchallengingourselvestogogreenbeyondtheeasythings.Ratherthanrecycleandreduceourenergywehadtothinkof365differentgreenthingstodoandthiswasnoeasytask.WiththeideaofgoinggreeneverysingledayforayearOurGreenYearstarted.MywifeandIdecidedtoeducatepeopleabouthowtheycouldgogreenintheirlivesandhopedwecouldshowpeopleallthegreenthingsthatcouldbedonetohelptheenvironment.Wewantedtopushthemessagethateverylittlebithelps.OverthecourseofOurGreenYearwepletelychangedourlifestyles.Wenowshopatorganic有机的stores.Weconsumelessmeatchoosinggreenfood.Wehavegreatlyreducedourbuyingwedontneed.Wehavegivenawayhalfofwhatweownedthroughwebsites.Ourhomeiskeptcleanbyvinegarandlemonjuicewithnochemicalcleaners.Wemakeourownbutterenjoyingthesmellofhomemadefreshbread.Inourhomeofficeanyonecaughtdoingsomethingungreenmightbepunished.OurmindshavebeenchangedbyOurGreenYear.Wearegratefulforthechancetohavebeenabletogogreenandeducateothers.Webelievethatwedohavethepowertochangethingsandhelpourplanet.1.WhatmightbethebesttitleforthepassageA.GoingGreenB.ProtectingthePlanetC.KeepingOpenMindedD.CelebratingOurGreenYear2.Itwasdifficultforthecoupletoliveagreenlifeforthewholeyearbecause________.A.theywereexpectedtofollowthegreenfadB.theydidntknowhowtoeducateotherpeopleC.theywereunwillingtoreducetheirenergyD.theyneededtoperformunusualgreentasks3.WhatdidthecoupledooverthecourseofOurGreenYearA.Theytriedtogetoutoftheirungreenhabits.B.Theyignoredothersungreenbehavior.C.Theychosebetterchemicalcleaners.D.Theysoldtheirhomemadefood.4.WhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphA.Thegovernmentwillgivesupporttothegreenproject.B.Thecouplemaycontinuetheirprojectinthefuture.C.Somepeopledisagreewiththecouplesgreenideas.D.OurGreenYearisbeinganationalcampaign.[文章大意] 2011年4月22日作者一家人决定开始践行绿色生活,让我们看看他们是如何做的吧1.A考查标题判断文章第一段有两处出现了goinggreen,且下文也多次出现,本文主要讲述的就是作者一家是如何开始践行绿色生活的,所以A项最适合作文章标题2.D考查细节理解根据第二段的第二句“Thismeantdoing365differentgreenthingsanditalsomeantchallengingourselvestogogreenbeyondtheeasythings.”可知D项正确3.A考查细节理解OurGreenYear这个关键信息可以在倒数第二段找到,该段说作者一家完全改变了生活方式,如在有机商店购物,少吃肉,尽量少买不需要的东西,不用化学清洁剂等,这些都是环保的习惯,与A项的概括相一致故选A4.B考查推理判断文章最后一段中出现了grateful,believe和dohavethepower等关键词,这些都暗示出作者夫妇在将来可能还会继续他们的环保生活B[xx·石家庄市高三模拟]Textmessagesemailsandusingputerstolearncouldbestunting抑制childrensvocabularyexpertsfear.Thatisbecauseourbrainsarehardwiredtolearnnewwordswhenwehearothersusethemineverydayconversation.Butlearningwithsmartphonestabletsandputersinsteadoflisteningtoateacherorparentmeansyoungpeoplearenotbeinggiventhechancetohearawiderangeofwords.Theoraltraditionofpassingonknowledgeisbeingerodedwithbothadultsandchildrenspendingtoomuchtimelookingatscreens.MarcoCatanioftheInstituteofPsychiatrysaid“Wehavelesstimetotalktoeachotherandourchildrenaretaughtthroughdevices.TheyhaveaccesstotheInternetiPhonesmobilephonesandtabletputers.Thesearevisualratherthanauditorysoitislikelythattheywillendupwithaloweraveragenumberofwordsthanpreviousgenerations.”Constantputerusehasbeenblamedinthepastforshorterattentionspansacultureofinstantgratificationandmakingyoungpeoplemoreselfcentered.Inastudythebrainsof27volunteerswerescannedastheylearnedmadeupwords.Theyfoundhearingandthenverballyimitatingspeechwasthekeytounderstanding.Dr.Catanisaid“Whenyoulearnanewwordyoustartbyhearingasoundthenyoutrytorepeatituntilyougetitright.Throughthisyouincreaseyourvocabularyfromageoneuntilyougetto30000wordsasanadult.”Thefindingsshowlisteningrepetitionandconversationarecrucialtolearninglanguage.ButDr.Catanibelievesitcouldmeanyoungpeoplearegrowinguplackingvitallanguageskills.Hesaid“Thebrainiswiredtolearnsoundthroughauditoryprocessesnotvisual.Thatiswhywehaveoraltraditionswithknowledgepassedfromgenerationtogeneration.Nowweunderstandthatthisishowwelearnnewwordsourconcernisthatchildrenwillhavelessvocabularyasmuchoftheirinteractionisthroughtextemailandscreen.Thisresearchreinforcestheneedforustomaintaintheoraltraditionoftalkingtoourchildren.”
5.AccordingtoCatanichildrenwholearnfromonscreenimages________.A.cantkeeptheirattentionforalongtimeB.requiretheirsatisfactiontobemetatonceC.willfindithardtotakeinvocabularyD.willbeemoreselfcenteredinlife
6.WhatisimportanttounderstandnewwordsA.Identifyingsoundsbymeansofnervefibers.B.Formingspeechafterhearingsounds.C.Increasingyourvocabularyto30000words.D.Hearingandrepeatingthewordsorally.7.WhatCatanisaidinthelastparagraphimpliesthat________.A.talkingisimportantforchildrentodeveloplanguageskillsB.knowledgeismainlypassedthroughauditoryprocessC.childrenenlargetheirvocabularythroughscreenD.thetraditionoforallytalkingleadstothelackofvocabulary
8.WhatisthemainideaofthepassageA.Learningthroughputertakestoomuchtime.B.Thesmartphonegenerationwilllearnfewerwords.C.Childrenareunwillingtolistentoteachers.D.Passingonknowledgeorallyisntdyingout.[文章大意] 如今,青少年在日常生活中越来越多地使用手机、电脑等,和老师以及家长的交流越来越少,从而影响了他们对词汇量的掌握5.C考查细节理解根据第三段中的“Thesearevisualratherthanauditory,soitislikelythattheywillendupwithaloweraveragenumberofwordsthanpreviousgenerations.”可知,由于现在的青少年接触的都是一些视觉信息,缺乏听觉方面的内容,所以他们接受的词汇比较少,故选C6.D考查细节理解根据第六段中的“Whenyoulearnanewword...untilyougetto30000wordsasanadult.”可知,学习新的词汇,要先听到这个词汇,然后不断地口头重复练习,故选D7.A考查推理判断根据最后一段中的“Thisresearchreinforcestheneedforustomaintaintheoraltraditionoftalkingtoourchildren.”可知,传统的和孩子们进行口头交流的方式仍然是有必要的,因此选A8.B考查主旨大意本文主要告诉我们,如今的青少年因经常使用手机、电脑等,摄入的词汇量逐渐减少了,因此B项符合本文主旨C[xx·兰州、靖远名校高三模拟考试]Thekakapoistheworldsonlyflightlessparrot.Theymeasure50to64centimeterslongandweigh2to4kilograms.Theyhavegreenyellowbrownfeathersandsmallwings.Thesewingsareusedforbalanceandforhelpingbreakfallswhentheyjumpfromlowbranchesontotheground.Thekakapoalsohaslargefeetwithtwotoesfacingforwardsandanothertwofacingbackwards.Thesefeethelpthemclimbtrees.Thisspeciesisalsoknownastheowlparrotbecauseofitsbigbrowneyesaswellastheshapeofitshead.ThekakapocanbefoundonlyonCodfishandChalkyIslands.Becausethekakapocantflytheymovearoundandlookforfoodontheground.Beingnocturnaltheywillrestduringthedayandcarryouttheiractivitiesatnight.Theyarespecialcreaturesspendingmostoftheirtimealone.Thedietofthekakapoconsistsofnutsberriesseedsflowersandfruits.Theyalsoeatinsectsandsmallreptiles爬行动物.Thekakapoisaneasytargetforpredatorsasitslargeandhasatendencyoffreezingupwhenthreatened.Humanshavebeenbighuntersofthesebirdsbothfortheirmeatandtheirfeathers.BreedingseasonforthekakapotakesplacefromDecembertoApril.Aftermatinghastakenplaceamalewillleavethefemaletoraisethechicksalone.Femaleswillgivebirthtoabout2to3eggsevery2to5yearswhichwillhatchafterabout30days.Thechickswontreachsexualmaturityuntiltheyare9or10yearsold.Iftheycansurvivelongenoughhowevertheycangrowuptobe60yearsoldandsomemayevensurvivealmost100years.Thekakapoisacriticallyendangeredspecieswithfewerthan150left.Overhuntingslowreproductionandlossofnaturalhabitathavebeentheirgreatestthreatsthroughouthistory.Hopefullysomethingcanbedonesoonbeforethekakapoislosttothisworldpletely.Afterallsuchauniqueparrotdeservestoliveandprosperforfuturegenerationstosee.
1.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsussomethingabout________.A.thekakaposhabitatB.thekakaposphysicalappearanceC.thekakaposlifestyleD.functionsofthekakaposwingsandfeet
2.Thekakapoiscalledtheowlparrotmainlybecause________.A.theycarryouttheiractivitiesatnightB.theyspendmostoftheirtimealoneC.theireyesandheadslookliketheowlsD.theirlargefeetlookliketheowls3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthekakapoA.Theybegintomatewhentheyarefiveyearsold.B.Itisthefemalesdutytoraisethechicksalone.C.Theyliketostaywithothercreatures.D.Peoplehuntthemforfeathersnotfortheirmeat.4.ThefactorsthatdrivethekakapoindangerincludethefollowingEXCEPTthat________.A.peoplehaveneverstoppedhuntingthemB.theydonthavehighbirthrateC.theirnaturalhabitathasbeendecreasingD.theyfacealackofnutritiousfood[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要讲述了濒危动物鸮鹦鹉的一些情况1.B段落大意题第一段主要讲的是鸮鹦鹉的身体特征,包括羽毛、翅膀、爪子等所以选B项2.C细节理解题从第一段中的“Thisspeciesisalsoknownastheowlparrotbecauseofitsbigbrowneyesaswellastheshapeofitshead.”可知应选C项3.B细节理解题从第四段中的“Aftermatinghastakenplace,amalewillleavethefemaletoraisethechicksalone.”可知,当交配完成后,雄鸮鹦鹉会离开雌鸮鹦鹉,留下雌鸮鹦鹉独自养育雏鸟所以选B项4.D细节理解题从最后一段的内容可知,让鸮鹦鹉陷入濒危动物之列的主要原因有人类的过度捕杀、繁殖率低和栖息地的减少等故选D项D[xx·辽宁省六校高三年级联合考试]Manypeoplehaveasweettooth.TheaverageAmericankidconsumesmorethan20teaspoonsofsugarperdayandadultseat50%moresugartodaythantheydidinthe1970s.Butthefindingsofarecentstudymaysurpriseyou.AteamofresearchersattheUniversityofUtahusedmicetoconductastudyonthenegativeeffectsofsugar.Theyfounditcouldhaveseriouseffectsonpeopleshealth.Duringthe58weeklongstudymicewerefedadietcontaining25%moresugar.Thispercentageisequaltoahealthyhumandietalongwiththreecansofsodadaily.Theteamfoundthatthesemiceweretwiceaslikelytodieasmicefedasimilardietwithoutthesugar.Thoughthemicedidnotshowsignsofobesityorhighbloodpressuremalemicewere26%lessterritorial地盘性的andproduced25%feweryoungthantheothermice.Scientistsoftenusemiceforresearchbecausetheyhaveasimilargeneticstructuretohumans.“Sincemostsubstancesthatarepoisonousinmicearealsopoisonousinpeopleitslikelythatthosepotentialphysicalproblemsthatcausethosemicetohaveincreaseddeathrateareatplayinpeople,”saysresearcherJamesRuff.Findingsfromthisstudyrevealnegativeeffectsthatarenotasdetectable可发觉的asweightgainorheartproblems.Sugarcancontributetolongtermchangesinthebodythatcanaffectdevelopmentandevenleadtoshortenlives.Differenttypesofsugarhavedifferenteffectsonthehumanbody.Someofthesugarweconsumeesfromfoodsweeat-candysodaandcookies.Butmuchofthesugarweeatishidden.Foodpaniesaddlargeamountsofsugartoitemswemaynotclassifyassweets.Somepastasaucescrackersandevenketchup番茄酱havelargeamountsofsugar.Tohelpcutdownonextrasugarconsumptionnutritionexpertssuggestlookingattheingredientsonfoodpackages.Ingredientsthatendinosesuchassucrose蔗糖andfructose果糖aresugars.Soarethosethatincludethewordsyrup糖浆.CuttingsugaroutoftheAmericandietaltogethermaybedifficult.Butmakingtheefforttocontrolournationssugarcravingswillprovideforatrulysweeterfuture.
1.Paragraph3aimstotellus________.A.howscientistscarriedouttheirresearchB.whyscientistsoftenusemiceforresearchC.whatresearchershavefoundfromthestudyD.whetherthemicelikethedietwithmoresugar
2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4A.Humanswillhavethesameproblemsasmice.B.Scientistsusemiceinthattheyremoreavailable.C.Sugarcancontributetopoisonoussubstancesinmice.D.Somenegativeeffectsofsugararenoteasilydetected.
3.WhyshouldcustomersreadtheingredientsonfoodpackagesA.Tosavemoney.B.Totakeinlesssugar.C.Tobuythebestfood.D.Tocookitintherightway.
4.WhatdoesthelastsentencemeanA.TakinginlesssugarwillmaketheAmericanshealthier.B.ItmakessenseforAmericanstodevelopabalanceddiet.C.TheAmericansshouldmakegreateffortstokeepoffsugar.D.ControllingsugarproductionisbeneficialtotheAmericans.[文章大意] 很多美国人爱吃甜食最近美国犹他大学的研究者发现,吃糖过多有害健康这为爱吃甜食的人们敲响了警钟1.C考查段落大意根据第三段可知,本段主要讲述了科学家从事的这项长达58周的研究的主要发现2.D考查推理判断根据第四段倒数第二句可知,糖对人体的有些副作用不像体重增加和心脏病那样容易被发现3.B考查细节理解根据最后一段的第六句可知,营养专家建议人们认真阅读食品包装袋上的原料说明,以便减少糖的摄入故选B项4.A考查句意理解根据最后一段倒数第二句内容可知,让美国人不吃糖是很困难的,再结合最后一句的“But”可推出,这句话的意思是“但是少吃糖能使他们更健康”。