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2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习虚拟语气北师大版
一、以if条件从句为虚拟语气标志时态从句动词形式主句动词形式与现在事实相反didwould/could/should/mightdo与将来事实相反1did2weretodo3shoulddowould/could/should/mightdo与过去事实相反haddonewould/could/should/mighthavedone含蓄条件句有时虚拟语气并不总是用if引导的条件句来表示,而是通过一些词或短语表示出来这些词或短语引出的条件与if引导的条件句意义相似,如butfor,with,without,otherwise,or,but等其中butfor相当于ifitwerenotfor/ifithadnotbeenfor,表示“要不是……”Hewouldn’thavesurvivedbutfortheneighbour’stimelyhelp.
二、suggest等动词及其相应的名词后跟的从句中虚拟语气的用法1.宾语从句suggest等表示建议、愿望、命令等的动词后跟的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,从句谓语的结构为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略Thedoctorsuggestedthatheshouldtakemorerest.2.主语从句在“Itis/wassuggested+that引导的主语从句”中,主语从句要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略另外,在“Itis/wasimportantnecessary,desirable,advisable等+that引导的主语从句”中,从句也常用虚拟语气,谓语用“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略Itissuggestedthatthebuildingshouldbepulleddown.Itisnecessarythatadoctorshouldbesentforatonce.3.表语从句当suggestion,order,proposal,demand等名词作主语时,其后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略Myadviceisthatyoushouldgiveupsmoking.4.同位语从句在suggestion,advice,order,proposal,demand等名词后跟的同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语用“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略Hissuggestionthatweshouldsetoffat5∶00a.m.isnotgoodenough.
三、虚拟语气的特殊句型1.Itishigh/abouttimethatsb.didsth.Itishigh/abouttimethatsb.didsth.2.wouldratherthatsb.didsth.I’dratheryoulefttomorrow.1.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe________moreonitsculture.xx·江苏,34A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused2.—Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.—Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables________.xx·北京,34A.wouldn’tdieB.didn’tdieC.hadn’tdiedD.wouldn’thavedied
一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Hadwebeenhereabitearlier,we________________________beabletocatchthelastbus.2.Ifyou________________takemyadvice,you________________cryoveryourfailurenow.3.—Ihavegonethroughahardtimeinthelastfewyears.—Really?Iwishyou________________tellmeaboutitearlier.Afterall,wearefriends.4.—Whydidn’tyouattendLinda’swedding—Iwouldn’tliketo.Itisstrangethatshe________________________marrythatgoodfornothingguy.5.Myfatherinsistedthateveryminute____________________makefulluseof____________dotheworkwell.
二、单项填空1.Wewouldjointhemfordinner________.A.shouldtheyaskB.shalltheyaskC.iftheyaskD.whethertheyask2.Mysuggestionisthatyou________muchmeat.A.wouldn’ttakeB.shallnottakeC.nothaveD.won’thave3.—HowIwanttohavestudiedharderwhenIwasinschool.—Ifyou________,youwouldn’tworklateintonighteverydaynowadays.A.didB.shouldC.hadD.would
4.—________heeandvisityouasplanned—Ofcourse.AndI’dratherhe________mewhathesawwithhisowneyesinGreece.A.Will;willtellB.Shall;toldC.Shall;willtellD.Will;told5.________hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When6.________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WouldB.ShouldC.WereD.Will7.—Anyinformationaboutyourson—No.IfonlyI________thosetoughwordstohim.A.didn’tsayB.hadn’tsaidC.shouldn’thavesaidD.couldn’thavesaid8.Theymusthaveenjoyedthemselvesthere,otherwisethey________solong.A.can’thavestayedB.wouldn’thavestayedC.can’tstayD.wouldn’tstay9.—Ihopeyou’reenjoyingyourstayhere.—Ifit________fortheclimate,Iwouldlikeithereverymuch.A.isn’tB.hasn’tbeenC.weren’tD.hadn’tbeen10.—Johnson,eandlookatthesea!Itisbeautiful,isn’tit—Absolutely!IfonlyI________herebythesea.A.livedB.liveC.hadlivedD.willlive答案感悟高考1.B [句意为乔治打算谈论他的国家的地理,但我宁愿他更多地把焦点集中在文化上wouldrather后接从句时,从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,若表示与将来和现在的事实相反的情况,则谓语动词要用一般过去时,由上句中“isgoingto...”可知B项时态正确]2.D [句意为——天气又热又干燥——是的要是稍微下点儿雨,现在的情况就会更好一些!那样我的蔬菜就不会死掉了由条件句中的hadrained可以推出这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,但是主句有时间状语now,所以用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气wouldbe;最后一句话也是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故用wouldn’thavedied]领悟语法
一、
1.wouldhavebeen
2.hadtaken;wouldn’tbecrying
3.hadtold
4.shouldhavemarried
5.shouldbemade;todo
二、
1.A [由主句的结构可知这是对将来情况的虚拟,此时从句的结构是shoulddo/weretodo/did,如果从句省略if则构成部分倒装,故选A]2.C [suggestion后应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,should可以省略]3.C [由“whenIwasinschool”可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,从句省略了studiedhard]
4.B [shall用于第
一、三人称,在问句中表示征求对方的意见或请求;wouldrather后的从句若表示将来的动作,谓语动词用过去时]5.A [本题为与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句]6.B [由tomorrow可知,从句应该是对将来情况的假设,此时从句的结构是shoulddo/weretodo/did,如果从句省略if则构成部分倒装,故选B]7.B [由语境可知,ifonly后的句子与过去的事实相反,故谓语动词用过去完成时]8.B [由“musthaveenjoyed”可知otherwise后的情况是与过去的事实相反的,故谓语动词应用wouldhavedone]9.C [由“Ihopeyou’reenjoying”可知假设的情况是与现在的事实相反,此时if从句的谓语动词用did或were,故选C]10.A [由语境可知,ifonly后的情形是与现在的事实相反,此时的谓语动词用过去时]。