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2019年中考英语完形填空专讲专练ThePowerofStory
1.掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句
2.掌握完形填空的解题技巧,并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧
3.通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累,及完形填空解题技巧的练习,灵活应对各种完形填空题知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”,在英语学习的过程中,语料的积累至关重要对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理,能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础亲爱的同学,老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句,快来看看你掌握了吗?
一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备以教师提问的形式进行具体使用中可以删去词义词性部分,给小例句提示并标记出学生的实际掌握情况(优—良—差)】单词词性及词义示例备注掌握情况powern.1影响力2权力3力量v.驱动ThePowerofStoryThecarispoweredbyengine.相关词powerfuldisappearv.消失;不见…mydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsago.相关词appear“dis-”表否定的前缀believev.相信;认为IreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.相关词beliefsearchv.搜查Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhours…lostadj.1迷路的2丢失的3茫然无措的Ifeltsolostaftermydogislost.patientlyadv.耐心的相关词patient;patienceendlesslyadv.无止境地;不断地Searchendlessly相关词endlessfaithn.信任;信心;信仰ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaithineverything.相关词faithfuladventuren.冒险imaginev.想象Sheimaginedwalkingintoaforestandenjoyingthefreshair.相关词imaginationwaitv.等待supportv./n.1支持2养活3支撑Hehasabigfamilytosupport.相关词supportermovedadj.感动的相关词movingreasonableadj.合理的;公道的相关词reasonunreasonableordern.1次序2命令3订单v.1命令2订购点菜Theofficerorderedthemtofire.remindv.提醒;使想起HeremindedherofSantaClaus.suggestv.1建议2表明;暗示Isuggestthatwegoouttoeat.Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.相关词suggestion;advice;advise;lastingadj.持久的lastingfriendships相关词lastputup1张贴2搭建3提高Weputupadvertisements.lookup1+sb拜访2+sth查阅3+tosb尊敬Ilookeditupinthedictionary.buildup1创建2增强setup1建起2安装好3开办makeup1构成2编造3铺床4弥补giveup放弃dealwith处理;解决相关词dowith;holdonto抓紧holdsth.together使保持团结It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.
二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备以教师提问的形式进行可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译】
1.WhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsagoIreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.结构分析_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有when引导的时间状语从句,表示“当…时候”和what引导的宾语从句句子翻译_________________________________________________________________________________当我的小狗Gracie六年前失踪后,我真正学到我所相信的仿句练习读书的时候,你最好记录下你认为对你有帮助的内容 When you read a book you’d better writedownwhatyouthinkishelpfultoyou.___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.…bydarkwereturnedhomeexhausted精疲力竭.结构分析_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有“形容词exhausted”做主语补语的结构,表明主语的状态句子翻译_________________________________________________________________________________天黑时,我们精疲力竭地回家了仿句练习天黑时,我们又累又饿地回到家里Bydarkwereturnedhometiredandhungry.___________________________________________________________________________________________
3.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhomeIwouldbe______33yetrelieved放心的.结构分析_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有if引导的条件状语从句,表示如果;本句中的“yet”表示转折,意为“但是”句子翻译_________________________________________________________________________________如果我知道她有了一个好去处,我会____但是会放心些仿句练习如果我们多关爱地球,就会拥有一个更美好的世界Ifwepaymuchattentiontotheearthwellhaveabetterworld.___________________________________________________________________________________________
4.Asonewritersaidallthatwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.结构分析_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有
1.“as引导的非限制性定语从句”意为“正如…”;
2.省略that的定语从句“thatwehave”修饰all;
3.what引导的表语从句句子翻译_________________________________________________________________________________正如一位作家所说,我们所拥有的一切都是故事它使我们的生活凝聚到一起仿句练习众所周知,那些做普通简单工作的人也在为社会的发展做贡献Asweallknowthosewhodosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsomakingacontributiontothedevelopmentofthesociety.___________________________________________________________________________________________
5.Whynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfside结构分析_________________________________________________________________________________本句含有
1.“whynot…”结构,表示“为什么不…呢?”;
2.that引导的宾语从句句子翻译_________________________________________________________________________________为什么不想象现在她正在冒险探索她狼的那一面呢?仿句练习为什么不加入我们呢?Whynotjoinus___________________________________________________________________________________________方法篇“方法得当事半功倍”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的辅助也是不够的对于完形填空解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分亲爱的同学,老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧,快来看看你掌握了多少?
一、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文,把握脉络跳过空格,速读全文,把握大意注意文中的语篇关键词,和句中的连词,如but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是but后面的内容;再如代词it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意第二步瞻前顾后,上下求索联系上下文,运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题,抓住文章中的上下文线索词【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】第三步再读文章,核查答案代入答案,再读全文,反复检查,争取做到结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理
二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一词汇复现法解释“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化如protect和protection、同义词/近义词如road和trail、反义词如wrong和correct、上下义词上下义是指词的总结和分解关系,上义词是总称词,下义词是被包含的个体或种类如adult是myfather的上义词;coat是clothes的下义词等重复出现在语篇之中例题例1Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers.Becauseofhis___________heisquitepopularwiththepeoplearoundhim.A.abilityB.honestyC.relationshipD.kindness【分析通过上文“Heisverykindandfriendlytoothers”,由“kind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎故选D】例2Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime.Inotherwordsheismoreandmore_________.A.forgetfulB.unforgettableC.easy-goingD.hard-working【分析通过上文“Theoldmantendstoforgetthingsfromtimetotime”,由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”故选A(forgetful“健忘的”,unforgettable“难忘的”)】方法方法二上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解,进行适当的推理判断,因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境,判断清楚所要表达的含义例题例WhenwetalkedIdiscovered(发现)somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.ForexampleeachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__17__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.
17.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【分析通过上文“eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS”和下文“Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.”可知美国每节课是50分钟,中国每节课是40分钟,根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长,故选B】方法方法三逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系(如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等)进行适当的推理判断,因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词(如and表并列,but和however表转折,so表因果,firstofall、then和finally表顺序等)例题例1MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOperaverymuchbuthecan’tsing
6.
6.A.badlyB.easilyC.wellD.excitedly【分析通过上文“MyyoungestcousinlikesChineseBeijingOpera”和连词“but”,可以推断出前后存在转折关系,此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”,故选C】方法方法四文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关,有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识,答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断事实上,该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的,因为虽有背景常识,仍需简单推理需注意中外文化的差异性,不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情例题例Therearemanykindsofanimalsintheworld.Elephantsarethe1animalsthatliveonland.Onlysomekindsofwhales鲸鱼arebiggerthanelephantsbuttheyliveinthe
2.
1.A.biggestB.smallestC.smallerD.bigger
2.A.riverB.lakeC.seaD.forest【分析第1题,众所周知大象是陆地上最大的动物,故选A.biggest第2题,众所周知鲸鱼生活在大海里,故选C.sea】方法方法五固定搭配法解释完形填空以语境考查为主,但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型,解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案例题例1Whentwopeopleareinaconversationthespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotimeinordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention13whatheorsheisspeaking…
13.A.forB.ofC.withD.to【分析考查固定短语“payattentionto注意”,故选D】例2…butwewererelaxedwhenwewerelyingonthebeach.We10somephotosthere.
10.A.gotB.broughtC.boughtD.took【分析考查固定短语“takephotos拍照”,故选D】障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意,后完形”的原则,指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思,防止学生理解跑偏】(西城二模)ThePowerofStoryWhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsagoIreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.Gracieescapedfromourbackyardaround2:00p.m.Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhoursbuthadno______
31.Weputupadvertisementsandbydarkwereturnedhomeexhausted精疲力竭.OntheseconddayIcalledmyanimaldoctortheSPCAandtheanimalshelter收容所.Nothing.Ifeltlost.IfIknewGraciehadbeen______32Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.IfIknewshewascaughtsomewhereIwouldsaveher.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhomeIwouldbe______33yetrelieved放心的.ButhowdoIdealwiththeunknownWaitpatientlySearchendlesslyGiveupThethirddaywhileIwassearchinginthewoodswithmyfriendRheaItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaith信任ineverything.Rheasmiledandsaid“YouknowmaybeGracie’sonagreatadventure.”Itseems______34butIfeltbetterthen.Rhea’swords______35mewhatasawriterIsurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.Asonewritersaidallwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.Wecallstoriessciencesomestoriesmyth神话butimaginehearingforthefirsttimethattheworldmayberound.Suchstoriesonlybeerealwhenwe______36them.Andsomestoriesareneversupportedwithscientificfactsbuttheystillseemtoholdtrue.ForexampletenyearsearlierI’ddreamtthatIshouldgeta______37andbythateveningGraciecameintomylife.WhenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewasIwouldsayMuppetwolfterrier小猎狗.ItwassomethingI______38becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdoghalfwolf.SowhynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfsideThefourthdaystartedwithmefindinga______39onthesidewalkI’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.AndIwassureGraciewouldehomeonthefifthday.Iguessitwasanotherstorytoholdonto.OnDayFiveIwasatafriend’shousewhenherphonerang.IknewimmediatelyitwasnewsaboutGracie.AndIwasright.WhenIfinallysawherinmyhallwayIcried.“Mywolfdaysare______
40.”Gracieseemedtosay.“I’mbacktobeingadog”.OrsoisthestoryIchoosetobelieve.文章大意为(只给出关键词即可)________________________________________________________________参考关键词thepowerofstory;dog;disappear;havefaithin;story;better参考答案whenhisdogdisappearedsixyearsagothewriterrealizedthepowerofstory.【注程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题体裁词数建议用时实际用时正确率难度人生感悟类记叙文44612-15分钟__/10(西城二模)ThePowerofStoryWhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsagoIreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.Gracieescapedfromourbackyardaround2:00p.m.Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhoursbuthadno______
31.Weputupadvertisementsandbydarkwereturnedhomeexhausted精疲力竭.OntheseconddayIcalledmyanimaldoctortheSPCAandtheanimalshelter收容所.Nothing.Ifeltlost.IfIknewGraciehadbeen______32Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.IfIknewshewascaughtsomewhereIwouldsaveher.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhomeIwouldbe______33yetrelieved放心的.ButhowdoIdealwiththeunknownWaitpatientlySearchendlesslyGiveupThethirddaywhileIwassearchinginthewoodswithmyfriendRheaItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaith信任ineverything.Rheasmiledandsaid“YouknowmaybeGracie’sonagreatadventure.”Itseems______34butIfeltbetterthen.Rhea’swords______35mewhatasawriterIsurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.Asonewritersaidallwehaveisstories.It’swhatholdsourlifetogether.Wecallstoriessciencesomestoriesmyth神话butimaginehearingforthefirsttimethattheworldmayberound.Suchstoriesonlybeerealwhenwe______36them.Andsomestoriesareneversupportedwithscientificfactsbuttheystillseemtoholdtrue.ForexampletenyearsearlierI’ddreamtthatIshouldgeta______37andbythateveningGraciecameintomylife.WhenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewasIwouldsayMuppetwolfterrier小猎狗.ItwassomethingI______38becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdoghalfwolf.SowhynotimaginenowthatshewasoffonanadventureexploringherwolfsideThefourthdaystartedwithmefindinga______39onthesidewalkI’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.AndIwassureGraciewouldehomeonthefifthday.Iguessitwasanotherstorytoholdonto.OnDayFiveIwasatafriend’shousewhenherphonerang.IknewimmediatelyitwasnewsaboutGracie.AndIwasright.WhenIfinallysawherinmyhallwayIcried.“Mywolfdaysare______
40.”Gracieseemedtosay.“I’mbacktobeingadog”.OrsoisthestoryIchoosetobelieve.
31.A.luckB.reasonC.goodD.problem
32.A.keptB.soldC.stolenD.killed
33.A.madB.worriedC.sadD.moved
34.A.rightB.strangeC.reasonableD.real
35.A.orderedB.warnedC.remindedD.suggested
36.A.hearB.knowC.believeD.read
37.A.dogB.prizeC.storyD.house
38.A.lookedupB.builtupC.setupD.madeup
39.A.cardB.coinC.phoneD.book
40.A.lastingB.excitingC.shortD.over语篇精讲参考答案31—35ADCBC36—40CADBD文章大意本文作者通过讲述六年前他丢失他的小狗的经历以及心路历程,阐述了故事的力量答案解析
31.通过上文“Wesearchedtheneighborhoodforhours”和转折连词“but”,可推断出他们找了很久但是没找到,havenoluck没有好运气,这里指没有找到小狗,故选A
32.通过下文“Iwouldhavebeenheartbroken.”可知作者会心碎,因此可以推断出前后存在因果关系,上文的意思应该是指如果它被杀了,故选D
33.通过上文“IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhome”和下文“yetrelieved放心的”,及结合生活常识,可知比起遭遇不幸,小狗有个好去处是一件让人放心但是仍然会因为它的离开而难过故选C
34.通过转折连词“but”可知前后存在转折关系,下文表达“我感觉好多了”,上文的意思应该与其相对,只有B符合语境,故选B
35.通过下文作者回忆起以前的事情可知,这些都是听了朋友的话后想起来的,故选C
36.通过前文“Isurelyhavefaithin:thepowerofstory.”可知作者相信故事的力量,因此可以推断出这里指的是“那些故事会变成真的,当我们相信它们的时候”,故选C
37.通过下文“Graciecameintomylife.Whenpeoplewouldaskwhatkindofdogshewas”可推断出作者梦见他有了一只狗故选A
38.通过下文“becauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdoghalfwolf.”可知“因为我相信它一半是狗,一半是狼”,可推断出那是作者编造的,故选D
39.通过下文“I’dalwaysthoughtoffindingmoneyasagoodsign.”可知作者是发现了钱,故选B.coin
40.通过前文“IbelievedGraciewashalfdoghalfwolf.”和下文“I’mbacktobeingadog”,可推断出它作为狼的日子结束了精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导下,回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少掌握10个】单词词性及词义单词的运用(鼓励学生用所学词汇造句)realize…语篇中的学到的方法【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】【至少掌握2个】方法一词汇复现法如本篇文章中的
39.coin…方法二上下文推理法方法三逻辑推理法方法四文化背景常识法方法五固定搭配法基础过关
一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1powern.1影响力2权力3力量v._______提示Thecarispoweredbyengine.2_______v.消失;不见3_______v.相信;认为4_______v.搜查5lostadj.1迷路的2丢失的3_______翻译Ifeltsolostaftermydogislost.6_______adv.耐心的7endlessly_______8_______n.信任;信心;信仰9_______n.冒险10_______v.想象翻译她想象着走进一片森林,呼吸新鲜的空气11_______v.等待12supportv./n.1_______2_______3支撑翻译Hehasabigfamilytosupport.13reasonable_______14_______n.1次序2命令15_______v.提醒;使想起16suggestv.1建议2_______翻译Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.17lasting_______18_______v.警告19putup_______提示Weputupadvertisements.20lookup1+sb_______2+sth_______3+tosb_______提示Ilookeditupinthedictionary.21buildup_______提示:Youneedmoreexercisetobuildyouup.22setup_______提示Theysetupaworkingpartytolookintotheissue.23makeup_______提示ItwassomethingImadeupbecauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdoghalfwolf.24giveup_______提示We’llnevergiveupuntilthegoalisreached.25dealwith_______26holdonto_______27holdsth.together_______
二、句子翻译
1.当我的小狗Gracie六年前失踪后,我真正学到我所相信的_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.天黑时,我们精疲力竭地回家了_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.如果我知道她有了一个好去处,我会伤心但是会放心些_______________________________________________________________________________________
4.我告诉她失去Gracie就像失去对一切的信心一样_______________________________________________________________________________________
5.正如一位作家所说,我们所拥有的一切都是故事_______________________________________________________________________________________完形练习(西城二模)JohnandMaryhadanicehomeandtwolovelychildrenaboyandagirl.OnceJohnwasaskedtogoonabusinesstripandMaryneededtogoalongtoo.Theyfoundababysittertocareforthe31 andmadethetripreturninghomealittleearlierthantheyhadplanned.Astheydroveintotheirhometownthey32 smokeandtheywenttoseewhatitwas.Theyfoundahomeonfire.MarysaidOhwellitisntourhome.Letsgo.ButJohndrove33 andsaidThehomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksatthefactory.Hewouldntbeoffworkyetmaybetheressomethingwewoulddo.IthasnothingtodowithussaidMary.ButJohndroveupstoppedandfoundthewholehouseonfire.AwomaninthestreetwascryingThechildren!34 thechildren!Johngrabbed抓herbytheshouldersayingGetaholdofyourselfandtelluswherethechildrenare!Inthe35 criedthewomandownthehallandtotheleft.AlthoughMarydidntagreeJohnwethisclothesand36 forthebathroomwhichwasfullofsmokeandheat.Hefoundthedoorandgrabbedtwochildrenholdingoneundereacharm.Ashelefthecouldhearsomeothersoundlikecrying.Hesentthetwobadly37 andnearlysuffocated窒息childrenintowaitingarms.Thenhewastoldtwomorechildrenwerestillinthere.MarygrabbedhisarmandshoutedJohn!Dontgoback!Thathousewillfalldowninanysecond!Butheshookheroffandwentbackby38 hiswaydownthesmoke-filledhallwayandintotheroom.Itseemedacenturyhadpassed39 hefoundbothchildrenandstartedback.Theywerecoughingandheloweredhisbodytryingtogetsome40 .Ashewalkeduptheendlessstepsthethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodiesandatlastwhentheycameoutintothesunlightandfreshairhefoundthathehadjustsavedhisownchildren.Thebabysitterhadleftthematthishomewhileshedidsomeshopping.
31.A.childrenB.petC.gardenD.business
32.A.watchedB.recognizedC.noticedD.realized
33.A.fartherB.offC.backD.closer
34.A.FindB.GetC.MoveD.Hold
35.A.bathroomB.kitchenC.bedroomD.livingroom
36.A.lookedB.caredC.headedD.reached
37.A.frightenedB.surprisedC.sadD.sick
38.A.followingB.goingC.pushingD.feeling
39.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until
40.A.waterB.energyC.airD.light参考答案基础过关
一、词汇/短语翻译单词词性、词义备注1powern.1影响力2权力3力量v.驱动提示Thecarispoweredbyengine.2disappearv.消失;不见3believev.相信;认为4searchv.搜查5lostadj.1迷路的2丢失的3茫然无措的翻译Ifeltsolostaftermydogislost.在我的小狗丢失以后我感到非常茫然无措6patientlyadv.耐心的7endlesslyadv.无止境地;不断地8faithn.信任;信心;信仰9adventuren.冒险10imaginev.想象翻译她想象着走进一片森林,呼吸新鲜的空气Sheimaginedwalkingintoaforestandenjoyingthefreshair.11waitv.等待12supportv./n.1支持2养活3支撑翻译Hehasabigfamilytosupport.他要养活一大家子人13reasonableadj.合理的;公道的14ordern.1次序2命令15remindv.提醒;使想起16suggestv.1建议2表明;暗示翻译Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.所有证据表明是他偷的钱17lastingadj.持久的18warnv.警告19putup1张贴2搭建3提高提示Weputupadvertisements.20lookup1+sb拜访2+sth查阅3+tosb尊敬提示Ilookeditupinthedictionary.21buildup1创建2增强提示:Youneedmoreexercisetobuildyouup.22setup1建起2安装好3开办提示Theysetupaworkingpartytolookintotheissue.23makeup1构成2编造3铺床4弥补提示ItwassomethingImadeupbecauseIbelievedGraciewashalfdoghalfwolf.24giveup放弃提示We’llnevergiveupuntilthegoalisreached.25dealwith处理;解决26holdonto抓紧27holdsth.together使保持团结
二、句子翻译
1.WhenmydogGraciedisappearedsixyearsagoIreallylearnedwhatIbelieve.
2.…bydarkwereturnedhomeexhausted.
3.IfIknewshehadfoundabetterhomeIwouldbesadyetrelieved.
4.ItoldherlosingGraciewaslikelosingfaithineverything.
5.Asonewritersaidallthatwehaveisstories.完形练习31—35ACDBA36—40CADBC教学目标名师点拨语篇精讲能力提升。