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2019年高三英语一轮复习辅导与测试第1部分Unit4Pygmalion时训练新人教版选修8Ⅰ.阅读理解Twothirdsoftheworldsmajorrivershavenowbeendisruptedwithmorethan50000damsinanattempttostorewaterandprovidepower.IntheUS,therearemorethan85000dams,disruptinglargeandsmallrivers,andinmostcasestransformingnaturalflow.Themostfamousofthese,theHooverDam,constructedinthe1930s,ismainlyresponsibleforthefactthattheColoradoRivernolongerreachestheocean.Dams,besidesalltheirattractivebenefits,alsohavenegativeimpacts.Creatingareservoirmeansalargeareamustbefloodedmunitiesmaylosetheirland,housesandculturallyimportantsites.Environmentally,thenewreservoircanbeaparadiseforwildlife,especiallybirds;however,itcancausegreenhousegasemissionsandpoisonthewater.Also,thedramaticriseandfallofwaterlevelsduringdamreleasesistooextremeforplantsandanimalstocopewith,resultingindeadzonesaroundtheshoresofreservoirs.Fishthatlaytheireggsintheshallows,forexample,mayfindafewhourslaterthatthosesitesarehighanddry.Downstream在下游方向ofadam,theflowmaybereducedsothatfarmerscannotirrigatetheirfields.Manyriversrunthroughnationalborders,whichmaycauseconflictoverpreciouswater.DisputeshavebeencontinuingbetweenIndiaandPakistan,andTurkey,SyriaandIraq,forexample.Damsdontjustblocktheflowofwater.Theyalsopreventfishmigrations,anddamsareabarriertosediment沉淀物flows.Insteadofrushingdownriver,sedimentsgetbackedupagainstthedamwall,whichcausesthereservoirleveltoincreaseovertime.However,sedimentswhicharerichinnutrientshavebeeaproblem.Thefertilityoftheentiresystemcanbeinfluenced,withsoilslostduringseasonalrainsnotbeingreplaced.Perhapsthebiggestproblemcanbeseenindeltas,whicharesinkingintotheoceans.Groundwaterisbeingextractedtofeedthecity,causingthecitytosink,andsedimentswashedawaybytheoceanarenolongerbeingreplaced.TheresultisthatsealevelrisesincitiesfromShanghaitoAlexandria.1.TheHooverDamismentionedinthepassageinordertoshow________.A.damsplayanimportantroleinourlifeB.damshaveimpactedtheflowoftheriversC.damsmakepeoplelosetheirlandandhousesD.damshavemanybenefitsaswellassideeffects2.Whateffectsdoescreatingareservoirhaveonpeopleslifea.Peoplewillseefewerbirdsonthesidesoftherivers.b.Farmerswillhavelesswatertoirrigatetheirfields.c.Visitorscantvisitsomeculturalrelicsanymore.d.Moreconflictsandwarsoverwaterwillbreakout.e.Morekindsoffishwillbeeextinctinfuture.A.a,c B.c,eC.b,eD.b,c3.Withmanydamsbuiltacrosstherivers,fish________.A.willfindmoreplacestolaytheireggsB.willfaceadangeroushabitatC.willbefedonmoresedimentsrichinnutrientsD.willfinditeasiertodealwiththeriseofwater4.WhatdoesthepassagemainlytalkaboutA.Environmentallossofdams.B.Culturallossofdams.C.Economicgainofdams.D.Environmentalbenefitsofdams. Ⅱ.完形填空Iwasparkedinfrontofthemallwipingoffmycaringmywayfromacrosstheparkinglotwas__1__societywouldconsiderabum.Fromthe__2__ofhim,hehadnocar,nohome,nocleanclothes,andnomoney.Hesatdowninfrontofthebusstopbutdidntlooklikehecouldhaveenoughmoneytoeven__3__thebus.“Thatsaveryprettycar,”hesaid.Hewasin__4__buthehadan__5__ofdignityaroundhim.Isaid,“thanks,”and__6__wipingoffmycar.Hesatthere__7__asIworked.The__8__begformoneynevercame.Asthe__9__betweenuswidenedsomethinginsidesaid,“askhimifheneedsanyhelp.”Iwassurethathewouldsay“yes”.“Doyouneedanyhelp?”Iasked.Heansweredinthree__10__butprofoundwordsthatIshallnever__11__.“Dontweall?”hesaid.Ihadbeenfeeling__12__,successfulandimportantuntilthosethreewords__13__melikeashotgun.Dontweall?Ineededhelp.Maybenotforbusfareoraplacetosleep,butIneededhelp.I__14__inmywalletandgavehimnotonlyenoughforbusfare,butenoughtogetawarmmealand__15__fortheday.Thosethreelittlewordsstillring__16__.Nomatterhowmuchyouhave,nomatterhowmuchyouhave__17__,youneedhelptoo.Nomatterhow__18__youhave,nomatterhow__19__youarewithproblems,evenwithoutmoneyoraplacetosleep,youcan__20__help.
1.A.that B.whatC.whichD.how2.A.expressionsB.mannersC.looksD.attitudes3.A.rideB.buyC.driveD.stop4.A.wealthB.sizeC.styleD.rag5.A.airB.atmosphereC.appearanceD.figure6.A.finishedB.stoppedC.continuedD.began7.A.quietlyB.casuallyC.aimlesslyD.eagerly8.A.consideredB.expectedC.designedD.supposed9.A.situationB.sighC.doubtD.silence10.A.simpleB.plexC.strangeD.ripe11.A.acceptB.forgetC.respondD.choose12.A.lowB.narrowC.highD.wide13.A.frightenedB.movedC.woundedD.hit14.A.reachedB.searchedC.lookedupD.exposed15.A.shelterB.clothesC.rewardD.blanket16.A.niceB.ridiculousC.trueD.proper17.A.struggledB.devotedC.appliedD.acplished18.A.fewB.manyC.littleD.enough19.A.filledB.puzzledC.contentedD.equipped20.A.receiveB.giveC.needD.seek Ⅲ.对话填空阅读下列对话,掌握其大意,并根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容不多于3个单词或所提供单词的正确形式Karen WhereisDawn?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.Selina Heisinhospital.Karen Oh,myGod.HowdidhefallillSelina Hewasdoingexerciseyesterdayafternoon.Unfortunately,hebrokehisrightwristandcouldn’tliftanything.Karen Sorrytohearthat.Hewastoo__1__care.Whosenthimto__2__hospitalSelina Someschoolmatesdidfirstaidandcalledthehospital.Minuteslater,an__3__cameandtookhimtothehospital.Nowhe__4__treatthere.That’s__5__youhaven’tseenhimtoday.Karen Whoislookingafterhim?Arehis__6__withhimSelina Noone.Theyarebothbusy.Karen PoorDawn.Ithink__7__shoulddosomethingtohelphim.Selina Quiteright.IwilltakecareofhiminthedaytimeandI’lltrytoentertainhim__8__driveoffhisloneliness.Karen I’llsparesometimetostaywithhim,too.Themostimportant,Iwanttohelphim__9__hisstudies.Selina Goodidea.Ihopehe__10__recoversoonandebacktotheschooltostudywithus.详解答案课时训练三十九Ⅰ.阅读理解【语篇解读】 本文主要讲的是人类在世界各地修建的大坝对环境造成的影响1.选B 细节理解题根据第一段中的“andinmostcasestransformingnaturalflow...nolongerreachestheocean”可知,文章中提到胡佛大坝是为了说明大坝可以影响河的流向,故选B2.选D 细节理解题根据第二段末句和第四段首句可知,随着大坝的修建,蓄水淹没了一些文化遗迹,并且导致下游的农民无法灌溉农作物,故选D3.选B 细节理解题根据第三段中的“itcancausegreenhousegasemissionsandpoisonthewater”可知,随着水坝的修建,蓄水会释放出温室气体,使水有毒,所以鱼的生活环境会变得危险,故选B4.选A 主旨大意题通读全文可知,本文主要讲的是修建大坝对环境造成的影响,故选AⅡ.完形填空【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文文章描述了我在商场前擦车时遇到一位无业游民,他虽然衣衫褴褛,可在我问他是否需要帮助时,他却说了一句话“我们不都需要帮助吗?”虽然这句话很简单易懂,但却使我受到极大震撼1.选B 连接代词what引导主语从句,在从句中作consider的宾语2.选C 由文意可知此人衣衫破旧,因而“我”认为他一无所有looks在此表示“theappearanceofsb./sth.”,即外表,符合文意expressions指面部表情,不符合文意3.选A 文章倒数第二段中提到我给了他足够的钱可以买车票,所以A项ride为最佳答案,ridethebus意为“乘公共汽车”4.选D inrag意为“衣衫褴褛”,既然对方为无业游民,他应该是衣衫褴褛,故选D符合语境5.选A 从下文dignity“尊严”可知,对方虽然贫穷,但有尊严注意此处air意为“神态;感觉”其他选项不符合文意6.选C 文章开头提到我在擦车,而下文提到“asIworked”,说明仍在擦车,故选C项7.选A 由下文somethinginsidesaid...hewouldsay“yes”可知,他在旁边静静地看着我干活,故选quietly“轻声地,安静地”casually意为“偶然地,无意地”;aimlessly意为“漫无目的地,无目标地”;eagerly意为“渴望地,热切地”8.选B 由上下文可推知,他一无所有,所以我认为他必然会开口向我要钱,故选B项considered意为“经过深思熟虑的”;expected意为“预料到的”;designed意为“被设计的”;supposed“信以为真的”根据句意,应该选expected9.选D 当我们之间的沉默继续扩大时,我内心有个声音“问一下他是否需要什么帮助”故选D项silence,意为“沉默”situation意为“形势,情况”;sigh意为“叹气,叹息”;doubt意为“怀疑”10.选A 由butprofound和下文他说的话可知,他说的话是简单的“Dontweall”simple意为“简单的”;plex意为“复杂的,综合的”;strange意为“奇怪的”;ripe意为“成熟的”11.选B 通过下文Thosethreelittlewordsstill...可知,他简单而含义深远的话让我永远难以忘记,故选forgetaccept意为“接受”;forget意为“忘记”;respond意为“回答”;choose意为“选择”12.选C high意为“高的”,与句中的successful,important并列呼应句意为“我在此之前一直认为自己地位高、很成功,是个重要人物”,其他选项不符合文意13.选D 通过下文likeashotgun,可知他的话对我震动很大frighten意为“使惊吓”;move意为“移动,使感动”;wound意为“受伤”;hit意为“打,击”根据句意,应该选hit14.选A reachinmywallet意为“伸手到钱包里拿钱”;search意为“搜寻……”;lookup意为“在字典上查找”;expose意为“暴露”根据文意,A项正确15.选A shelter在此意为“居所;住处”从下文的fortheday和sleep可以推知,我给他的钱足够买车票、吃饭和寻找住处16.选C 从上下文理解可知,他的话是对的,我至今没忘ringtrue相当于soundtrue,听起来是对的、真实的,故选C17.选D acplish意为“完成;实现”从上下文理解可知,无论你拥有多少,无论你取得了多大成功,都需要别人的帮助,故选D项struggle意为“斗争”;devote意为“奉献”;apply意为“申请”18.选C 和上文howmuch对比,应该是howlittle19.选A befilledwith意为“装满”,从下文evenwithoutmoneyoraplacetosleep可推知,我们的生活充满问题,甚至可能没钱或没睡觉的地方其他选项不符文意20.选B 通过上文可知,即使生活可能贫穷,我们仍然可以给予别人帮助,故选B项give,意为“给予”Ⅲ.对话填空1.careless
2.the
3.ambulance
4.isbeingtreated5.why
6.parents
7.we
8.todrive
9.with10.willrecover。