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2019年高中英语Unit1Greatscientists综合检测新人教版必修5Ⅰ.多项选择共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分1.xx·安徽蚌埠月考Noteverybodyattendingthemeetingagreedtothesuggestionbythechairman.A.putup B.putonC.putforwardD.putout【解析】 putup意为“张贴,搭建”;puton意为“穿上”;putforward意为“提出”;putout意为“扑灭”suggestion建议应是“被提出”,故选putforward【答案】 C2.xx·十堰调研—Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.—Icantagreemore.Itsgreattohavethetwo.A.linkedB.relatedC.connectedD.bined【解析】 link意为“联系,连接”;relate意为“把……联系起来”;connect意为“连接”;bine意为“把……结合起来”句意——在如今这个时代,妇女既可以养孩子,又可以有工作——我非常同意把这二者结合起来真是太棒了故选bined【答案】 D3.ChinaJapanfivetothreeinthelastfootballmatch.A.beatB.wonC.beatedD.defeat【解析】 beat和defeat的宾语是人或竞争对手;win的宾语则是war,match,game,battle等词;beat的过去式是beat,defeat的过去式和过去分词都是加ed【答案】 A4.Manyofthejudgessuspecthermurder.A.withB.forC.ofD.on【解析】 suspectsb.ofsth.为固定用法,意思是“疑心某人干某事”句意许多法官都怀疑她谋杀【答案】 C5.Shehadherpocketonherwayhome.A.pickB.pickedC.stolenD.stealing【解析】 考查havesth.done结构,而pickonespocket“扒窃”是固定用法【答案】 B6.Callinganambulanceandthepoliceisimportantwhenyoufindatrafficaccident.A.severeB.monC.usualD.special【解析】 severe严重的;mon普通的;usual平常的;special特殊的根据常识,A项最佳句意当你发现一起严重的交通事故时,叫救护车和报警是非常重要的【答案】 A7.Thosewhocandifficultiesontheirwaytosuccessmaykeepcalmwhentheyreallyappear.A.knowB.sayC.foreseeD.speak【解析】 know知道;say说;foresee预见;speak讲,通常用来指讲某种语言句意在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保持冷静【答案】 C8.xx·咸宁高二调研Theresultofthisdiscussionwillbetomorrow.A.publishedB.declaredC.announcedD.opened【解析】 句意这次讨论的结果明天就要被宣布了publish出版;open打开;declare侧重于当众发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等;announce侧重于宣布人们所关心或感兴趣的事情故选C项【答案】 C9.xx·宜昌高二检测HisletterwassoconfusingthatIcouldhardlymakeanyofit.A.useB.meaningC.senseD.guess【解析】 句意他的信让人如此费解,我完全不明白信的含义makesenseof“明白,理解”,符合句意故C项正确【答案】 C10.Itiswidelybelievedthatlaughterhaseffectonphysicalandmentalhealth.A.positiveB.popularC.energeticD.sensitive【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析positive积极的;popular流行的;energetic精力充沛的;sensitive敏感的句意人们普遍认为笑对身体和精神健康有积极的影响【答案】 AⅡ.完形填空共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分SusannalookedintoalargetankattentivelyinClearwater,Florida.Fortwoyears,shedbeenwatchingtheinjureddolphin海豚namedWinter11aroundthetank.Inhighschool,Susannas12wastobeeaprofessionalathlete.13,16yearoldSusannawasbadlyinjuredinanaccident.Ata14,herleftlegwasamputated截肢justbelowtheknee.She15nearlytwoyearsinthehospitalandwas16byherparents.Then,Susanna17herfirstartificialleg.Becausetherewassolittleboneleft,18wasextremelypainful.Evenso,she19tograduatefromhighschool.At18,she20thehospital.Afterdozensofmonths,shewasableto21theoccasionalroundofgolforsetoftennis.Butshewas22notusedtoherartificialleg,andeach23leftherinpainfordays.Susannawouldwatchthe24playatClearwaterMarineAquarium,whereshefeltmuch
25.Ayoungdolphin,Winter,whohadlosthertailinatrap,caughtSusannas
26.ThetrainersfittedWinterwithahightechtail—aflexiblesteeljoint关节27inspecialplastic.Whentheyweredone,Winterquicklymovedaround28thewater.Susannawasimpressed.“Ifshecandothis,theresnowayIcant,”shethought.Sheapproached29,whoputherintouchwiththeinventors,HangerProsthetiandOrthotiinBethesda,Maryland.Withintendays,shehadanewleg.Thenewlegisso30thatSusannasaid,“Forthefirsttimeinalmost16years,Iwaspainfree.”【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了Susanna在一次事故中受重伤并截掉了左肢,虽然她后来装上了假肢,但她依然无法适应用假肢行走一只受伤的海豚Winter让Susanna深受鼓舞,并使得她很快适应了用假肢行走11.A.run B.jump C.show D.swim【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“名叫Winter的受伤的海豚在水槽里来回游泳”swim意为“游泳”,符合语境故答案选D【答案】 D12.A.actionB.dreamC.attemptD.performance【解析】 考查名词辨析句意在高中,Susanna的梦想是要成为一名职业运动员dream意为“梦想,理想”,符合语境故答案选B【答案】 B13.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.BesidesD.Anyhow【解析】 考查连词辨析根据语境可知,上下两句之间为转折关系,所以用表示转折关系的连词however,意为“然而”,符合语境therefore意为“因此,所以”,besides意为“除……之外”,anyhow意为“不管怎样”,均不符合语境故答案选A【答案】 A14.A.schoolB.factoryC.hospitalD.office【解析】 考查名词辨析根据上文中的“wasbadlyinjuredinanaccident”以及下文中的“herleftlegwasamputated截肢justbelowtheknee”可知,此处应该是指“在一家医院”hospital符合语境,故答案选C【答案】 C15.A.spentB.livedC.studiedD.slept【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“她在医院里度过了几乎两年的时间”spend意为“度过;消磨时光”,符合语境故答案选A【答案】 A16.A.thrownoverB.broughtoverC.pushedoverD.watchedover【解析】 考查动词短语辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“她被她的父母照看着”watchover意为“看管,照看”,符合语境;throwover意为“放弃,抛弃”,bringover意为“说服,把……带来”,pushover意为“推倒”,均不符合语境故答案选D【答案】 D17.A.boughtB.acceptedC.neededD.received【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“Susanna接受了她的第一只假肢”receive意为“收到,接受”,表示被动地接受,符合语境buy意为“买”;accept意为“承认,同意,接受”,表示主动且高兴地接受;need意为“需要”,均不符合语境故答案选D【答案】 D18.A.drivingB.walkingC.actingD.running【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“由于剩下的骨骼很少,所以走路相当痛苦”walk意为“走路,行走”,符合语境;drive意为“开车,驾驶”,act意为“表演,行动”,run意为“跑步,经营”,均不符合语境故答案选B【答案】 B19.A.plannedB.determinedC.managedD.demanded【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,尽管如此,她依然设法从高中毕业了managetodosth.意为“设法完成某事,尽力做某事”,符合语境故答案选C【答案】 C20.A.stayedatB.diedinC.leftD.bought【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“在18岁的时候,她离开了医院”leave意为“离开”,符合语境stayat意为“暂住在……,保留”,diein意为“在……死去,死于”,buy意为“买,购买”,均不符合语境故答案选C【答案】 C21.A.playB.watchC.seeD.grow【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“她能够偶尔打几轮高尔夫球”playgolf为固定搭配,意为“打高尔夫球”,符合语境故答案选A【答案】 A22.A.everB.stillC.evenD.yet【解析】 考查副词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“她依然没有适应她那只假肢”still意为“仍然,依然,还是”,符合语境故答案选B【答案】 B23.A.wavingB.personC.legD.activity【解析】 考查名词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“每次活动都要让她疼好多天”activity意为“活动,行动”,符合语境故答案选D【答案】 D24.A.teachersB.dolphinsC.classmatesD.doctors【解析】 考查名词辨析根据下文中的“Ayoungdolphin,Winter”可知,此处应选dolphins,意为“海豚”,符合语境故答案选B【答案】 B25.A.betterB.worseC.moreworriedD.happier【解析】 考查形容词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“她感觉好多了”muchbetter意为“更好,好多了,好得多”,符合语境故答案选A【答案】 A26.A.handsB.feetC.eyesD.arms【解析】 考查名词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指那只失去尾巴的海豚吸引了Susanna的注意catchoneseyes为固定结构,意为“引起某人的注意;引人注目”故答案选C【答案】 C27.A.sentB.bentC.buriedD.covered【解析】 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“一个灵活的钢关节被一种特殊的塑料覆盖着”cover意为“覆盖”,符合语境故答案选D【答案】 D28.A.intoB.acrossC.throughD.over【解析】 考查介词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“Winter快速地穿过水里”表示“通过,穿过”,应用介词through故答案选C【答案】 C29.A.thetrainersB.inventorsC.teachersD.classmates【解析】 考查名词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“她朝海豚训练员走去”所以选thetrainers最符合语境故答案选A【答案】 A30.A.advancingB.perfectC.excitedD.hard【解析】 考查形容词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指“这条‘新腿’是如此的完美”perfect意为“完美的”,符合语境;advancing意为“前进的,年长的”,excited意为“兴奋的,激动的”,hard意为“努力的,困难的”,均不符合语境故答案选B【答案】 BⅢ.阅读理解共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分AMankindisstillevolving进化,accordingtoarecentstudybyateamofscientistsledbyaYaleUniversityevolutionarybiologist.Butresearchsuggeststhatthenaturalselectionprocessisnolongerdrivenbysurvival,perhapsbecauseofdifferencesinwomensfertility能生育性.Theteamexamined2238womeninFramingham,Massachusetts,theUSandstudiedthemedicalhistoriesofsome14000residentssince
1948.Theyfoundthatstrong,slightlyfatwomentendtohavemorechildren.Andifthistrendweretocontinueforthenext10generations,by2409theaveragewomanwouldbe2cmshorter1kgheavier,andhaveahealthierheart.Thatrateofevolutionisprettysimilartowhatweseeinplantsandanimals.Humansdontseemtobeanyexception,theteamsaid.Otherrecentgeneticresearchbacksupthatbelief.OnestudybyJohnHawks,ananthropologistattheUniversityofWisconsinatMadison,foundthatsome1800humangenevariations变异aremoninrecentgenerationsbecauseofevolution.Amongthechangesaremutations突变thatallowpeopletodigestmilkorresistmalaria疟疾andothersthatgovernbraindevelopment.SincetheIndustrialRevolution,modernhumanshavegrowntallerandstronger.Itseasytoassumethatevolutionismakinghumansfitter.ButaccordingtoanthropologistPeterMcAllister,thecontemporarymalehasevolvedphysicallyinto“thesorriestexampleofmaleeverontheplanet”.AnaverageNeanderthalwoman,McAllisternotes,couldhavebeatArnoldSchwarzeneggerinanarmwrestling腕力match.AndearlyAustralianAboriginescouldeasilydefeatUsainBoltina100mdash.However,DouglasEwbank,oftheUniversityofPennsylvania,saysthatculturalfactorstendtohaveamuchgreaterimpactthannaturalselectiononfuturegenerations,sopeopletendtoignoreevolutionseffects.And,despiteevidenceindicatingevolutionstillworks,SteveJones,anevolutionarybiologistatUniversityCollegeLondon,thinksthattheimpactofevolutiononhumansisnotthemostimportant.“Whatmakeshumanswhatweareisinourminds,inoursociety,andnotinourevolution,”saidJones.【语篇解读】 科学家们发现人类还在不断地进化,但是他们认为自然选择对人类进化的影响已经没那么大了31.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Humansdontseemtobeanyexception”implyA.Plantsandanimalsareevolvingfasterthanhumans.B.Evolutiondoesntworkinhumansanylonger.C.Therateofevolutioninplantsandanimalsalsoappliestohumans.D.Humansareuniqueintheirevolution.【解析】 推理判断题根据第四段内容可知,人类的进化速度和动植物的很相似,人类并不例外,由此可判断动植物的进化速度也适用于人类【答案】 C32.WhyistherecentgeneticresearchquotedinthefifthparagraphA.Tosupportthebeliefthatmankindisstillevolving.B.Toshowhumangenevariationsaremoninrecentgenerations.C.Toprovemodernhumanshavegrownfitter.D.Tosuggestthatthenaturalselectionprocessisnolongerdrivenbysurvival.【解析】 细节理解题根据第五段中的Otherrecentgeneticresearchbacksupthatbelief可知最近的其他基因研究也支持“人类还在进化”这一观点,和文章开头的主题句照应【答案】 A33.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthatArnoldSchwarzenegger.A.usedtobeafamousactorB.isanAmericangovernorC.isveryweakD.isverystrong【解析】 推理判断题第六段中举施瓦辛格的例子是为了证明在人类越来越健壮的进化中,男性成为最令人遗憾的例子由对施瓦辛格的了解和文段内容可判断阿诺德·施瓦辛格很强壮,力气很大【答案】 D34.WhatisthemainideaofthepassageA.Mankindisstillevolving.B.Womenwillgetfatter.C.Thehistoryofhumanevolution.D.Futurewomentendtohavemorechildren.【解析】 主旨大意题本文第一句就是主题句,后面都是围绕着“人类还在不断地进化”这一观点进行论述的【答案】 ABProvidingahighqualityeducationforallchildrenisimportanttoAmericaseconomicfuture.PresidentObamahasdecidedtoprovideeverychildwithaccesstoapleteandpetitiveeducation,fromcradle摇篮throughcareer.Theyearsbeforeachildreacheskindergartenareamongthemostcriticalinhisorherlifetoinfluencelearning.ThePresidentwillurgestatestointroducehighstandardsacrossallpubliclyfundedearlylearningsettings,developnewprogramstoimproveopportunitiesandoutes,engageparentsintheirchildsearlylearninganddevelopment,andimprovetheearlyeducationworkforce.PresidentObamawillreformAmericaspublicschoolstodelivera21stcenturyeducationthatwillprepareallchildrenforsuccessinthenewglobalworkplace.Hewillpushtoendtheuseofineffective,“offtheshelf”tests,andsupportnew,stateoftheartassessmentandresponsibilitysystemsthatprovidetimelyandusefulinformationaboutthelearningandprogressofstudents.Teachersarethesinglemostimportantresourcetochildrenslearning.PresidentObamawillinvestinanationalefforttorewardoutstandingteachers,whileenlistingthebestandbrightestinthefieldofteaching.AndhewillchallengeStateandschooldistrictstoremoveineffectiveteachersfromtheclassroom.ThePresidentbelievesthatinvestmentineducationmustbeacpaniedbyreformandinnovation创新.Hesupportstheexpansionofhighqualitycharterschools特许学校.HehaschallengedStatestoliftlimitsthatstopgrowthamongsuccessfulcharterschoolsandhasencouragedstrictresponsibilityforallcharterschools.PresidentObamahasdecidedtoensurethatAmericawillregainitslostgroundandhavethehighestproportionofstudentsgraduatingfromcollegeintheworldby
2020.ThePresidentbelievesthatregardlessofeducationalpathafterhighschool,allAmericansshouldenrollinatleastoneyearofhighereducationorjobtrainingtobetterprepareourworkforceforthe21stcenturyeconomy.Toreachthesegoals,thePresidenthasdecidedtoincreasehighereducationaccessandsuccessbyrestructuringandgreatlyexpandingcollegefinancialaid,whilemakingfederalprogramssimpler,morereliable,andmoreefficientforstudents.【语篇解读】 本文报道了美国总统Obama关于振兴美国教育的一些想法和措施35.WhatsPresidentObamasideaabouteducationA.Toofferallchildrenafullandgoodeducation.B.Tourgestatestointroducehighstandards.C.Toenableeverychildtosucceedinaglobaleconomy.D.Toincreasehighereducationaccess.【解析】 细节理解题根据第一段...toprovideeverychildwithaccesstoapleteandpetitiveeducation...可知,答案为A【答案】 A36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“critical”inParagraph2meanA.Veryformal.B.Veryimportant.C.Verydifficult.D.Veryordinary.【解析】 词义猜测题根据第二段ThePresidentwillurgestatestointroducehighstandardsacrossallpubliclyfundedearlylearningsettings...可推断,critical意为“非常重要的”【答案】 B37.WhichofthefollowingthingsisNOTpartofPresidentObamasdecisionA.Removeineffectiveteachersfromtheclassroom.B.ReformAmericaspublicschools.C.Enlistsometeachersfromothercountries.D.Expandhighqualitycharterschools.【解析】 细节理解题根据第三段...reformAmericaspublicschools...和第四段...removeineffectiveteachersfromtheclassroom及第五段Hesupportstheexpansionofhighqualitycharterschools可知,A、B、D三项都是Obama要采取的措施,而C项不是【答案】 C38.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageA.Americahasthelargestnumberofcollegestudents.B.AllAmericanchildrenwillreceivehighereducationforfree.C.MoreandmoreAmericanpeopleintendtoworkasateacher.D.Americascollegeeducationisworsethanbefore.【解析】 推理判断题根据第六段...Americawillregainitslostground...intheworldby2020可推断,答案为D【答案】 DCInherworksAgathaChristiecreatedtwogreatcharacters.HerculePoirotisaBelgiandetectivewhoappearedin33ofAgathaChristiesnovels.Heisbestknownforhismoustache.Poirotthinkslogicallyandlikesorder.Heexaminesthecrimesceneindetailandclaimsthateverycrimecanbesolved.DavidSuchetasHerculePoirotAstimewentonAgathaChristiebecametiredofherBelgiandetectiveandwantedtogetridofhim.Buthewasverypopularamongherreaders.Whenhediedin“Curtain”in1978hebecametheonlyfictionalcharactertogetanobituary讣告intheNewYorkTimes.AgathaChristiesotherwellknowncharacterwasMiss.Marple,anoldwomanwhowantstobeanamateur业余的detective.Shelikesknitting,walkingaroundtheneighbourhoodandsheobservesthingsverycarefully.Shebecamefamousforsolvingcaseswherethepolicefailed.IncontrasttoHerculePoirot,ChristiewasveryfondofMissMarple.AlmostallofAgathaChristiesnovelsaredetectivenovels.TheyfocusonEnglishpeopleofthemiddleandupperclasses.Usuallythedetectiveesacrossamurderscenebychanceoriscalledbyafriendwhomaybeinvolved.Heorshequestionsthesuspects,examinesthecrimescenecarefullyandgivesthereadercluessothattheymayhaveachancetosolvethecrimethemselves.Inthecourseofthestoryone,orevenafew,ofthesuspectsusuallydie.Finallythedetectivegetsallthesuspectstogetherandgivesawayinformationthatnoteveryoneknows,untiltherealmurdererisrevealed.InsomeofAgathaChristiesstoriesthemurdererescapesjustice;sometimestheygetkilled.Twicethemurdererturnsouttobethenarrator叙述者ofthestory.39.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheplotsofChristiesnovelsA.NearlyallofAgathaChristiesnovelsaresciencefictions.B.Thereadersmayhaveachancetosolvethecrimethemselves.C.Inthecourseofthestoryusuallyallthesuspectsdie.D.Themurdererescapesjusticeattimesbuttheymaybepunishedbylaw.【解析】 细节理解题根据文中末段的“InsomeofAgathaChristiesstoriesthemurdererescapesjustice;sometimestheygetkilled.”可知,谋杀者有时候会逃脱了法律,有时候会受到法律的制裁【答案】 D40.Theunderlinedwordinthesixthparagraphprobablymeans.A.uncoveredB.arrestedC.informedD.included【解析】 词意猜测题根据上下文语境可知,此处表示“直到最后真正的谋杀者被揭露出来”【答案】 A41.WhatdoesthetextmainlytellusA.ThecharactersandtheplotsofAgathaChristiesnovels.B.MissMarpleandHerculePoirotarefamouscharactersinAgathasnovels.C.HowisAgathasnovelsdesigned.D.WhyAgathasnovelsarepopularamongthereaders.【解析】 主旨大意题本文主要描述了Agatha的小说的两个主要人物角色和主要的情节构思等情况【答案】 ADAprosperousmoneylenderboughtahouselocatedrightnextdoortothehouseofatanner鞣皮匠.Frommorningtilleveningthetannerchangehide兽皮intoleatherbytreatingitwithtannin单宁.Fromdayonethemoneylenderwasputoffbytheunpleasantsmellsofthetannery.So,hevisitedthetannershouseandofferedtobuyhishouse.“Iwouldlovetosellthehouseifyoubuyit,”saidthetanner.Hedidntwanttodoanysuchthingbuthelikedtoplaytricks.“Givemeaweekorsotodealwithsomethings,willyou?”Themoneylenderagreedandwentaway.Aweeklater,theoverpoweringsmellingfromthetannerybroughtthemoneylendertothetannersdoorstepagain.“Iunderstandsir,”saidthetannerwithwideeyedsympathy.“Butmymotherisvisitingmethisweek.Icantsellthehouseuntilshegoesaway.Pleasewaitforamonth.”Themoneylenderagreedwithgreatreluctance.Hebegantowaiteagerlyfortheguestsdeparture.Inthebeginninghecountedeachday,impatientlywaitingforonetofinishandtheothertobegin.Afterawhile,hefoundhewasnolongersointerestedinthemonthingtoanend.Hehadsimplyforgottenaboutit.Hedidnotaskthetannertoleavewhentheymetnext,either.Yousee,bythenthemoneylenderhadbeeaccustomedtothetanyardssmell.“Whathaveyoudonetodriveawaythatterriblesmell?”heaskedthetanner.“Haveyoureducedthesolution?”Thetannersmiledandnodded.Hehadbeenwaitingforthedaythemoneylenderwouldgetusedtothesmellsfromthetanneryandstopbotheringhim.Thatwaswhyhehadaskedthemoneylendertowaitinthefirstplace.【语篇解读】 这是一个有着深刻寓意的故事,从放债人的要求购买鞣皮匠发出令人难以忍耐的气味的房子,到最终放弃,正是鞣皮匠的聪明做法使得自己最终还是保住了自己的生意,也给邻居也适应这种环境留足了时间42.HowmanytimesdidthemoneylenderaskthethetannertoleaveA.
1. B.
2. C.
3. D.
4.【解析】 细节理解题从第二段的第一句话和第三段的第一句话可以看出这个放款人共有两次要求这个鞣皮匠离开【答案】 B43.WhydidthetanneraskedthemoneylendertowaitBecause.A.hewantedtomakesomerepairstohishouseB.hewantedtodosomecleaningtohishouseC.hismotherwouldliveinhishouseforamonthD.hewouldntsellhishousefromthebottomofhisheart【解析】 推理判断题从最后一段的最后一句话可以推断出这个鞣皮匠根本就不想把自己的房子卖掉【答案】 D44.Atlastthemoneylender.A.movedtoanotherplaceB.wasadaptedthesmellC.wenttoquarrelwiththetannerD.managedtobuythehouse【解析】 细节理解题从最后一段的“...wouldgetusedtothesmellsfromthetanneryandstopbotheringhim.”可以判断出正确的答案为B【答案】 B45.Fromthepassagewecanknowthetannerwas.A.afunnymanB.awisemanC.anhonestmanD.afriendlyman【解析】 推理判断题从故事中鞣皮匠的做事方式到最终的结局可以看出这个人是一个很有办法的人【答案】 BEHarvardresearchershavecreatedatough,lowcost,biodegradable可生物降解的materialinspiredbyinsectshardoutershells.Thematerialsinventorssayithasanumberofpossibleusesandsomedaycouldprovideamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativetoplastic.Thematerial,madefromshrimp虾shellsandproteinsproducedfromsilk,iscalled“shrilk”.Itisthin,clear,flexibleandstrong.Amajorbenefitofthematerialisitsbiodegradability.Plasticstoughnessandflexibilityrepresentedarevolutioninmaterialsscienceduringthe1950sand60s.Decadeslater,however,plasticsverydurability耐用性israisingquestionsabouthowappropriateitisforonetimeproductssuchasplasticbags,orshortlivedconsumergoods,usedinthehomeforafewyearsandthencastintoalandfillwheretheywilldegradeforcenturies.Whatisthepointofmakingsomethingthatlasts1000yearsShrilknotonlywilldegradeinalandfill,butitsbasicponentsareusedasfertilizer肥料,andsowillenrichthesoil.Shrilkhasgreatpotential,theinventorssaid.Materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnature,foundineverythingrangingfromshrimpshells,insectbodiestolivingplants.Thatmakesshrilklowcost,anditsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedforproductsdemandingalotofmaterial.Workonshrilkiscontinuinginthelab.Theinventorssaidthematerialbeesflexiblewhenwet,sotheyreexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.Theyrealsodevelopingsimplerproductionprocesses,whichcouldbeusedfornonmedicalproducts,likeforputercasesandotherproductsinsidethehome.Theyreevenexploringbiningitwithothermaterials,likecarbonfibers,togiveitnewproperties.【语篇解读】 本文为一篇科技说明文文章就科学家发明的一种新材料为切入点,就该材料的特点、使用该材料的好处、新材料的发展潜力及其研发等各方面进行了简要的介绍说明46.Paragraph1ofthepassageismainlyaboutshrilks.A.remarkabledesignB.interestingnameC.majorfeaturesD.basicelements【解析】 段落大意题第一段中的众多字眼,如tough,lowcost,biodegradable,thin,clear,flexible和strong等均是用来描述这种新材料特点的而关于它的设计并未提及;这种材料的名字在本段中有所涉及,但并非本段的中心;此外,本段简单介绍了制作这种材料的物质,并未大篇幅进行讲解,也不是本段的中心【答案】 C47.WhathasbeeaconcernaboutplasticA.Usingitproperly.B.Producingitcheaply.C.Developingitspropertiesquickly.D.Evaluatingitscontributionsfairly.【解析】 细节理解题根据第二段的第三句话可知,塑料的耐用性让人们对如何合理、恰当地使用诸如塑料袋等一些一次性产品的问题开始关注A项意为“恰当地使用”,是人们所关注的问题,符合题目要求B项意为“便宜地生产”;C项意为“迅速发展其性能”,D项意为“公平地评估它的贡献”均未在文中提及【答案】 A48.Accordingtotheinventors,shrilkhasgreatpotentialpartlybecause.A.itcanhelpplasticdegradeB.itcanbefoundinlivingthingsC.itsmassproductionhasbeenrealizedD.itsrawmaterialsareabundantinnature【解析】 细节理解题从第四段中的“Materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnature...”一句可以看出,新材料的发明者之所以说这种材料很有潜力,主要是因为制作它的原材料在自然界中很容易找到,有大量的原材料可供使用【答案】 D49.WhataretheinventorsdoinginthelabA.Replacingcarbonfiberswithshrilk.B.Testingshrilksuseinwetconditions.C.Makingshrilkoutofusedhouseholdgoods.D.Improvingshrilksflexibilityformedicalpurposes.【解析】 细节理解题根据文章最后一段中的“...theyreexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.”可知,现在研究者正在实验室对该种材料在潮湿环境下的应用进行探索和研究【答案】 B50.WhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassageA.RecentProgressinEnvironmentalProtectionB.BenefitsofInsectsinScientificResearchC.TheHarmofOnetimeProductsD.APossibleAlternativetoPlastic【解析】 主旨大意题A选项意为“在环境保护方面的最新进展”,题目太宽泛;B选项意为“科研中昆虫的好处”,并未提到新材料;C选项意为“一次性产品的危害”,尽管文章中有所涉及,但文章大部分的笔墨都是围绕这种新材料进行的描述,故该标题太片面;D选项意为“塑料的一种可替代品”,符合文章主旨【答案】 DⅣ.完成句子共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分51.Iwonderwhenthebadrelationbetweenthemwill.end我想知道他们之间糟糕的关系什么时候结束52.Gettingupearlyandhavingenoughexercisewilloneshealth.contribute早起和充足的锻炼有助健康53.twovaluablebooksheofferedmesomemoney.apart除了两本有价值的书外,他还给了我一些钱54.Canyouontheshelfnewbooks?make你能在架子上腾出放新书的地方吗?55.Thebusdriverthepassengerssafety.responsible公共汽车司机对乘客的安全负责56.Theworkeradvisedmetodrinkmorewater.retire;boil那位退休工人建议我多喝开水57.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthatthetripfornextmonthwascalledoff.disappoint,plan他脸上失望的表情表明计划在下个月的旅行被取消了58.Tomymothersgreatworry,Iintherightleginthefootballmatchyesterday.hurt令母亲非常担心的是,我昨天在足球比赛中摔伤了右腿59.Wecanfromwhathesaid.conclusion根据他所说的,我们可以得出结论60.Iabook,anddidnthearyoucallme.absorb我当时在专心读一本书,没有听到你喊我【答案】 51etoanend
52.contributeto
53.Apartfrom
54.makeroom;for
55.isresponsiblefor
56.retired;boiled
57.disappointed;planned
58.gothurt59.drawaconclusion
60.wasabsorbedinⅤ.短文写作满分30分作为高中学生,在学生时代养成的行为和思维方式对你将来的发展会产生重要影响请根据以下要点写一篇短文,描述要成为一个科学家必须养成的习惯,发表到校英语报上1.崇尚科学,掌握各学科知识;2.保持好奇心,发展创造性思维;3.勤于动手,不断尝试;4.相信自己,不要放弃注意
1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使文章连贯【参考范文】 Whatwearetodaydecideswhatwewillbeinthefuture.Asseniorhighschoolstudents,wearemorelikelytobeescientistsifwedoasfollows Firstofall,beinterestedinscienceandlayasolidbaseofscientificknowledge.Thatiswhatwewillneedinordertocarryoutresearchlater.Secondly,becuriousanddevelopcreativethinking.Dontalwaysfollowtheoldideas.Creativityisthesoulofscientificspirit.Thirdly,dontstoptrying.Solutionscanfinallybefoundwhenyouhaveattempteddifferentways.Lastbutnotleast,believeinyourselfandnevergiveup.。