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2019年高中英语语篇提能
4.3外研版必修3阅读理解AItisonlyduringthelastfewyearsthatmanhasgenerallyrealizedthatintheworldofnatureabalanceexistsbetweenallformsoflife.Nolivingthingcanexistbyitself:itisapartofasysteminwhichallformsoflifearejoinedtogether.Ifwechangeonepartofthenatureorderthiswillinitsturnalmostcertainlybringaboutchangesinsomeotherpart.Thecuttingdownofforestsreducesthesupplyofoxygen.Thekillingofweedsandinsectsbychemicalsleadstothewidespreadpoisoninganimalsandbirds.Thethrowingofthewasteproductsintotheoceandoesharmtolifeintheseawhilewastegaseschangethechemicalbalanceoftheatmosphere.Andsowecouldgoonaddingmoreexamplesuntilindespairwemightfeellikegivingupthestruggletocontrolandkeepwithinlimitstheseharmfulhumanactivities.Manisverycleveratchangingtheworldaroundhimtosatisfyhisimmediateneedsbutnotsocleveratlookingfaraheadoratthinkingaboutwhatthefutureresultsofhisactionmightbe.1.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat______.A.everythinginnaturecannotexistaloneB.notalllivingthingscanexistnaturallyC.alllivingthingsinnaturedependoneachotherD.manhaswellknowntheimportanceofthebalanceofnatureforalongtime2.Theexamplesgiveninthesecondparagraphareusedtoprovethat______.A.itisveryimportanttoprotectforestsB.thesearesomelivingthingswhichcanexistallbythemselveswithoutchangeC.allformsoflifebelongtoasysteminwhichallthepartscanbechangedforoneanotherD.wecannotchangeoneformoflifeormatterwithoutdisturbingthebalanceofnature3.Thethirdparagraphsuggeststhat______.A.mannotonlythinkabouthisimmediateneedsinsteadofthefutureresultsB.manisverycleveratplanninghisdistantfutureC.manoftenfeelsthathehastogiveupindesireD.manisalwaysanxioustocontrolandkeephisactivitieswithinlimits4.WhichofthefollowingisthebestforthetitleofthisarticleA.TheSecretofNatureB.TheBalanceofNatureC.TheNaturalSystemD.TheChangesofNature答案与解析1.解析A、B两项都是部分否定,D项说人类明白生态平衡的重要性已经很长时间了,与原文“thelastfewyears”不符,只有C项与“Nolivingthingcanexistbyitself”相符答案C2.解析本段举例说明生态系统不能破坏,否则就会产生不良的变化答案D3.解析第三段表明人类渴望将有害的活动控制在一定的范围内答案D4.解析本文主要讲生态平衡和破坏生态平衡的危害答案BBBecauseofthedevelopmentofagriculturetheareaoflandaffectedbysandhasgraduallyincreased.Duringthe1950sand1960sthelandaffectedbysandexpandedonaverageinto1600squarekilometresperyear.Bythe1990stheareahadreached2500squarekilometresperyear.Thiskindofsituationisparticularlyseriousinmanyregionsupwind逆风的fromBeijing.FengningCityinHebeiProvinceandDuolunCityinInnerMongolialietothenorthofBeijing,andinthelast50yearsthepopulationofthesetwocitieshasgrownby2to3times.Inordertoobtainmoreresourcestheinhabitantshavebeenbusywithheavyfarmingtreecuttingandkeepinganimals.Theresultisthatthesoilhassustaineddamage,andthesandlayerbelowtheearthisnowexposedonthegroundandthegroundisrapidlybeingcontrolledbythespreadofsand.Chinahasalreadynoticedthisproblemandhastakenmeasurestosavetheland.Nowadayssomelandusedforfarminghasreturnedtoforestlandandgrassland.TheChinesegovernmentannouncedthatitwouldinvestmorethanRMB600000000tocontrolBeijingssandstormsintheingyears.Onlybydecreasingthedamagecausedbymanandrestoringthenaturalenvironmentwillitbepossibletowellcontrolthesourcesofsandanddust.Wehopeinthenotdistantfuture,wewillsolvetheproblemsuccessfullyandeffectively.5.paredwith50sand60sthelandaffectedbysandperyearincreasedby______squarekilometresbythe1990s.A.1600B.2500C.900D.11006.ThemajormeasurethattheChinesegovernmenthastakenis______.A.controllingthegrowthofthepopulationB.makingbetteruseofnaturalresourcesC.killingfeweranimalsandcuttingfewertreesD.returningsomelandtoforestlandandgrassland7.Accordingtothepassageitcanbeinferredthat______wasthemajorfactoroftheenvironmentaldamage.A.manB.animalC.natureD.desert答案与解析5.解析细节理解题根据文章第一段可知,在五六十年代沙漠化的土地以每年1600平方千米的速度增长,而到了90年代,则以每年2500平方千米的速度增长,增长了900平方千米答案C6.解析细节理解题从最后一段第二句“Nowadayssomelandusedforfarminghasreturnedtoforestlandandgrassland.”可知答案答案D7.解析推理判断题由最后一段“Onlybydecreasingthedamagecausedbymanandrestoringthenaturalenvironmentwillitbepossibletowellcontrolthesourcesofsandanddust.”一句可知人类对环境的破坏最大答案A。