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2019-2020年高中英语Module4Carnival(Period4)导学案外研版必修5学习目标
1.扎实复习本模块语法被动语态,提升综合语言运用能力
2.自主学习,探究共赢;学会分析与总结的方法并学以致用
3.激情投入,惜时高效,体验进步的快乐学习重点被动语态学习难点被动语态的正确运用课前预习学法指导
1.借助课本和辅导材料,初步感知被动语态
2.完成时间15分钟教材助读被动语态一语态分类英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者如MarkTwainwrotethisbook.主动ThisbookwaswrittenbyMarkTwain.被动Heisfeedingadog.主动Adogisbeingfedbyhim.被动被动语态结构助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成二被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样以do为例,如下一般现在时am/is/are+done一般过去时was/were+done一般将来时shall/will+done一般过去将来时should/would+done现在进行时am/is/are+being+done过去进行时was/were+being+done现在完成时have/has+been+done过去完成时had+been+done将来完成时shall/will+havebeen+done过去将来完成时should/would+havebeen+done [注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时
(三)被动语态考查要点简述被动语态的构成方式be+过去分词,口语只也有用get/bee+过去分词表示被动语态的基本用法不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)
(1)使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
①主动变化被动时双宾语的变化看下列例句Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.Aninterestingbookwasgiventomebymyfriendonmybirthday.Iwasgivenaninterestingbookbymyfriendonmybirthday.
②主动变被动时,宾补成主补(位置不变);(作补语的)不定式前需加toThebossmadehimworkalldaylong.Hewasmadetoworkalldaylongbytheboss
③短语动词变被动语态时,勿要掉“尾巴”Thechildrenweretakengoodcareofbyher.Yourpronunciationandspellingshouldbepaidattentionto.
④情态动词和begoingto、beto、besureto、usedto、haveto、hadbetter等结构变被动语态,只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be+过去分词
⑤当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时,被动语态有两种形式(A)谓语动词用被动语态,动词不定式作主补(B)用it作形式主语,真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示如Peoplesayheisasmartboy.Itissaidthatheisasmartboy.Heissaidtobeasmartboy.PeopleknowpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.ItisknownthatpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.PaperwasknowntobemadeinChinafirst.类似句型有Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat…
(2)不能用被动语态的几种情况
①所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中
②表示状态的谓语动词,如last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、looklike、consistto等
③表示归属的动词,如have、own、belongto等
④表示“希望、意图”的动词,如wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等
⑤宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态,不能用被动语态
⑥宾语是同源宾语,不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态
⑦有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义,特别是当主语是物时,常见的动词有sell、write、wash、open、lock等
(3)主动形式表被动意义
①当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时;当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时;当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布易洗Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.这些小说不畅销Mypenwritessmoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅Thedoorwon’tlock.门锁不上Thefishsmellsgood.鱼闻起来香
②当breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.Thelampsonthewallturnoff.
③wantrequireneed后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义
④beworthdoing用主动形式表示被动含义
⑤在“be+形容词+todo”中,不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语,用主动代被动Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.另外betoblame受谴责,betorent(出租)也用主动形式表被动
(4)被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况
①beseated坐着Heisseatedonabench.(Heseatshimselfonabench.)坐在凳子上
②behidden躲藏Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.他藏在门后
③belost迷路
④bedrunk喝醉
⑤bedressed穿着Thegirlwasdressedinaredshortskirt.
(5)被动语态与系表结构的区别被动语态强调动作;系表结构表主语的特点或状态如Thebookwassoldbyacertainbookstore.被动语态Thebookiswellsold.系表结构动词的语态一般不单独考,而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考,只是需要注意以下考点考点一不能用于被动语态的动词和词组etrueconsistoftakeplacehappenbeeriseoccurbelongbreakoutappeararrivediefalllastexistfailsucceedIttookplacebeforeliberation.考点二下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义而且常与wellquiteeasilybadly等副词连用lock锁;wash洗;sell卖;read读;wear穿;blame责备;ride乘坐;write写;Glassbreakseasily.玻璃容易破碎Thecarridessmoothly.这车走起来很稳Thecaselockseasily.这箱子很好锁Thebooksellswell.这本书很畅销考点三一些常用经典被动句型Itissaid…Itisreported…Itiswidelybelieved…,Itisexpected…Itisestimated…这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”,“人们认为……”,而“以前人们认为……”则应该说Itwasbelieved…Itwasthought…
2.Examples 1(粤04-21)Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager_____toworkonlineathome.A.encouragesB.encourageC.isencouragedD.areencouraged2(沪04-30)Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople_____toeatmorefruitandvegetables.A.persuadeB.willpersuadeC.bepersuadedD.arepersuaded3(京04-27ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_____byxx.A.hasbeenpletedB.haspletedC.willhavebeenpletedD.willhavepleted4(苏04-26)Morepatients_____inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.A.treatedB.havetreatedC.hadbeentreatedD.havebeentreated我的疑问课内探究
1.结合讲义和学生们的预习状况,老师和同学们一起总结被动语态的用法
2.高考链接1(全国卷)ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune.A.ismadeB.wouldmakeC.wastobemadeD.hadmade2(全国卷)Lindamakesurethetablesbeforetheguestsarrive.A.besetB.setC.aresetD.aresetting3(重庆卷)Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcenturyandlittleoftheoriginalbuildingnow.A.remainsB.isremainedC.isremainingD.hasbeenremained
4.xx安徽卷)Afterschoolwewenttothereading-roomtodosomereadingonlytobetoldthatit.A.wasdecoratedB.haddecoratedC.hadbeendecoratingD.wasbeingdecorated
5.xx北京卷—Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket—Yesfortunatelynoone_____.A.hurtB.washurtC.hashurtD.hadbeenhurt
6.xx北京卷Ourfriendship_____quicklyovertheweeksthatfollowed.A.wasdevelopedB.wasdevelopingC.woulddevelopD.developed
7.xx重庆卷Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea______.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’sleft.A.haverunoutB.arerunningoutC.havebeenrunoutD.arebeingrunout
8.2004年全国高考卷Sarahhurryup.Imafraidyoucan’thavetimeto________beforetheparty.A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange
9.xx四川Tomknewhewouldcertainlyget________ifhewaslatehome.A.shoutatB.toshoutatC.shoutedatD.tobeshoutedat
10.xx年北京春招题Afterafirebrokeoutinthelabalotofequipment__. A.isdamaged B.haddamaged C.damaged D.wasdamaged
11.2004年北京卷ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics__byxx. A.hasbeenpleted B.haspleted C.willhavebeenpleted D.willhavepleted
12.2002年上海高考题Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho______forthespoiledchild. A.istoblame B.isdoingtoblame C.istobeblame D.shouldblame
13.2003NMETGreatchanges______inthecityandalotoffactories______.A.havebeentakenplace…havebeensetup B.havetakenplace…havebeensetupC.havetakenplace…havesetup D.weretakenplace…weresetup
14.NMET——Doyoulikethematerial ——Yesit______verysoft. A.isfeeling B.felt C.feels D.isfelt
15.NMETTheOlympicGames____in776BCdidnotincludewomenplayersuntil
1912.A. firstplaying B.tobefirstplayed C.firstplayed D.tobefirstplaying课后反思课后训练课本34页34题,课本85页12题课后学习指导到本模块课文中划出被动语态的句子Period4课前预习
2.Examples1解析答案为D据题意应用被动语态,故选D2解析答案为D答案C形式不对,应用被动语态,故选D3解析答案为C此句要注意时态和语态的结合4解析答案为D此句要注意时态和语态的结合课内探究1—15CCADBDBACDCABCC。