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Unit5ILoveLearningEnglish!词句精讲精练词汇精讲
1.reply1reply作名词时,意为“回答,答复”例如Ineedyourreply.我需要你的答复Hisreplymademeunhappy.他的答复让我不高兴2与reply有关的短语makeareply作答makenoreply不作答复inreplyto…为答复……例如Youmustmakeareplynow.你必须现在作出答复Hemadenoreplyandleftinahurry.他没作答复就匆匆离开了Heisgoingtoattendthemeetinginreplytothereporters.为答复记者他将出席这次会议【拓展】reply与answer的辨析词条词性用法reply名词或动词指经过思考后“回答,答复”,常与介词to连用,用法较正式answer名词指“……的答案或答复”,与to连用动词后可直接跟宾语,表示对问题、指责等的回答;还可表示对电话、敲门等作出的“应答”例如Youmustreplyto/answerthisletter.你必须回复这封信Doyouknowtheanswertothequestion你知道这个问题的答案吗?
2.beproudofproud是形容词,常用结构beproudofsth.意为“以……而骄傲”例如IamveryproudofbeingaChinese.作为一名中国人我很自豪Theyoungshouldbeproudoftheirownculture.年轻人应该以他们自己的文化而自豪【拓展】1beproudtodosth意为“为做某事而骄傲”例如Weareproudtobealeaguemember.我们为成为团员而骄傲2pride是名词,意为“骄傲,自豪”常用的结构takeprideinsth.意为“为某事骄傲”例如Theytakegreatprideinherdaughterwhoisnowafamousscientist.他们为成为科学家的女儿而感到自豪Heistheprideofourcity.他是我们城市的骄傲
3.such/so1such是形容词,意为“如此的,这样的”其后接名词,有以下几种用法1sucha/an+形容词+单数可数名词例如Istheresuchabook有这样的书吗?2such+形容词+复数名词例如Therearesuchbeautifulflowers.有如此美丽的花3such+形容词+不可数名词例如Ihaveneverheardsuchterriblenews.我从未听说过这样可怕的消息2so与such均有“如此的,这样的”之意,so是副词,通常修饰形容词或副词,而such是形容词,常修饰名词“sucha/an+adj.+单数名词”可转换成“so+adj.+a/an+单数名词”;另外,在表示“这么多(少)的……”时名词前有many;much;few或little时应用so而不用such例如Shehassomanybooks.她有如此多的书Sheissuchanicegirl.=Sheissoniceagirl.她是如此好的女孩
4.begoodwithbegoodwith“和……相处得好;擅于和……相处”,相当于getonwellwith例如Areyougoodwithchildren你和孩子们相处得好吗?【拓展】1begoodto“对……好”,其反义短语为bebadto“对……不好”介词to之后一般接表示人的名词或代词例如Sheisverygoodtous.她对我们很好Thebossisbadtohisworkers.那个老板对他的工人不好2begoodat“在……方面擅长”,介词at后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,同义短语为dowellin例如SheisgoodatEnglishandChinese.=ShedoeswellinEnglishandChinese.她擅长英语和汉语3begoodfor意为“对……有好处,对……有益处”,介词for后接名词或代词其反义词为bebadfor,意为“对……有害处”例如Junkfoodisnotgoodforourhealth.垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处Smokingisbadforyou.吸烟对你有害
5.lookup1lookup意为“查阅;查找”,其后跟名词或代词作宾语,如果代词作lookup的宾语,则须放在look与up的中间例如Ifyoudon’tknowhowtoreadanewwordpleaselookitupinthedictionary.如果你不知道一个生词怎么读,请查字典Lookupthewordinyourbookandyouwillknowitsmeaning.在书中查查这个词,你就知道它的意思了2lookup还有“向上看;抬头看”的意思例如Helookedupandlaughedhappily.他抬头看了看,高兴地笑了【拓展】look的相关短语lookthrough浏览,仔细地看lookfor寻找lookover医生仔细检查lookaround环顾四周lookafter照看lookat看……lookdownon看不起
6.askforaskforsth.意为“请求某事,要某物”,相当于wantsth.例如Pleaseaskforhelpifyouhavesomeproblems.如果你有问题,请寻求帮助【拓展】1asksb.forsth.“向某人要某物”例如Ifyoudon’tfindthewaytotheschoolpleaseaskapolicemanforhelp.如果你找不到去学校的路,请向警察求助2asksb.aboutsth.意为“询问某人有关某事;向某人打听某事”例如Myfatheroftencallsmeupandasksmeaboutmystudy.爸爸经常给我打电话,询问我的学习情况3asksb.sth.“问某人某事”例如CanIaskyousomequestions我能问你一些问题吗?4asksb.todosth.“让某人做某事”,其否定形式为asksb.nottodosth.“让某人不要做某事”例如Ioftenaskhimtohelpmewithmyhousework.我经常让他帮助我做家务Mymotheraskedmenottoreadinthesun. 妈妈让我不要在太阳下看书
7.connectconnect动词,意为“连接,把……连接起来”常与with连用,构成短语“connect…with…”表示“把……和……联系起来”例如Ican’tconnecttheputerwiththeprinter.我不会把打印机和电脑连在一起Telephoneconnectsyouwithothers.电话把你和别人联系起来
8.lookforwardtolookforwardto意思是“期待,盼望”,to是介词,后面接名词或者动名词例如Ilookforwardtobeingaloneinthehouse.我盼望能自己一人在这所房子Welookforwardtothereturnofspring.我们期待着春天的到来【拓展】虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同,但用法各异主要区别归纳如下1介词to表示“向、往、对于”等,既可以指时间、方向、距离、对象或结果,又可以指程度、直接或间接关系,后面必须接名词、代词等构成介词短语JapanistotheeastofChina.日本在中国的东面Let’sdrinktohishealth.让我们为他的健康干杯Hetiedthemonkeytothetree.他把猴子拴在树上2动词不定式符号to无词义,后面必须接动词原形,构成不定式短语Toplayputergamesiswrong.玩电脑游戏是错误的MyjobistoteachEnglish.我的工作是教英语Iwishtogothere.我希望去那儿词汇精练I.英汉互译
1.独自地,单独地___________________
2.atfirst___________________
3.eachother___________________
4.thanksto___________________
5.以……为自豪___________________
6.迫不及待做某事___________________
7.事实上___________________
8.(在字典中)查阅,查找___________________
9.写下,记下___________________
10.犯错误___________________II.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1.MyEnglishteacherisaf____________________woman.
2.Doyouoftenhavea____________________快的breakfast
3.Ioftenmadem____________________inwriting.
4.Letme____________________介绍mybestfriendLily.
5.Thelittleboyd____________________abigholeyesterday.
6.Doeseveryonehaveano____________________tojointheEnglishclub
7.Howmany____________________杂志arethereinyourlibrary
8.Heknewtheanswer____________________确切地.
9.Ican’twaitto____________________交流withyou.
10.Thanksfor____________________回答tome.III.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Look!Thelittleboycanreadthetext_________________exact.
2.LiLin_________________writealettertohisfriendeverymonth.
3.Tom’smothersaid“Tomgetup_________________quick”.
4.Weareall_________________prideofYiSiling.ShegotthefirstgoldmedalforChina.
5._________________walkaftersupperisgoodforyourhealth.
6.Canyou_________________talkwithmeinEnglishIV.用适当的反身代词完成句子
1.I’mnotangrywithyou.Iamangrywith_______________.
2.MaryhadanicetimeonLondon.Sheenjoyed_______________somuch.
3.Heneverthinksaboutotherpeople.Heonlythinksabout_______________.
4.Icooked_______________amealandthenIwatchedtelevision.
5.Sheputtheplatesonthetableandtoldthemtohelp_______________tothefood.
6.Tomhurt_______________whenhewasplayingfootball.
7.Shemakesallherclothes_______________.
8.Simon:Didyoupainttheroom_______________Alice:Yesittookmethreedaystodoit.
9.Hetypedtheletter_______________andthenhepostedit.参考答案I.英汉互译
1.byoneself
2.首先,起初
3.相互
4.幸亏,由于,归功于
5.beproudof
6.can’twaittodosth.
7.infact
8.lookup
9.writedown
10.makemistakesII.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1.foreign
2.quick
3.mistakes
4.introduce
5.dug
6.opportunity
7.magazines
8.exactly
9.municate
10.replyingIII.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.exactly
2.writes
3.quickly
4.proud
5.Walking
6.talkIV.用适当的反身代词完成句子
1.myself
2.herself
3.himself
4.myself
5.themselves
6.himself
7.herself
8.yourself
9.himself句式精讲
1.CanIspeaktoJennyplease打电话的交际用语CanIspeakto…please意为“请问我可以和……讲话吗?”是要某人接电话的常用句式,其中can可以用may或could代替例如Can/May/CouldIspeaktoMr.Liplease请问我可以和李先生讲话吗?【拓展】1打电话问是不是某人时,可用Helloisthat...speaking你是……吗?/Whoisthatspeaking你是谁?应答时常说Yesthisis...speaking.是的,我是……2打电话请对方找人或留言时,可用Is...in/athome某某在家吗?Will/Wouldyougiveamessageto...please请给……捎个口信好吗?3接电话的一方如果不是你要找的人,对方常用I’msorry...isnotin/athomenow.对不起,……现在不在Holdon/Waitaminute/Onemomentplease.请等一等CanItakeamessage我能给你捎口信好吗?
2.Ipracticebymyselfalot.byoneself意为“独立地;单独地;独自地”,根据不同的语义,反身代词可以有不同的变化,如bymyself;byyourself;byourselves等关于反身代词的构成和用法,现总结如下1反身代词的构成反身代词指代某人自己,单数以-self结尾,复数以-selves结尾第
一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成,第三人称反身代词由宾格人称代词+self/selves构成数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself;herself;itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves口诀反身代词构成并不难,单数词尾-self记心间第三人称宾格加在前,其余物主开头用在先复数形式如何变,f要用ves来替换2反身代词的用法1作宾语反身代词常用在buyenjoyhelphurtteachwash等及物动词和bytoafterforabout等介词后作宾语例如Youhavetolearntolookafteryourself.你得学会照顾自己(作介词的宾语)Mysistercan’twashherselfyet.我的妹妹还不会自己洗脸(作动词的宾语)2作同位语反身代词常作主语或宾语的同位语,起强调作用,表示“自己;亲自”的意思作主语同位语时,可以放在主语之后,也可以放在句子的末尾;但作宾语同位语时,反身代词只能放在宾语之后例如Thetigerhimselfdidn’toftengotolookforfood.=Thetigerdidn’toftengotolookforfoodhimself.老虎自己很少出去寻找食物(主语同位语)You’dbetteraskMaryherself.你最好问问玛丽本人(宾语同位语)3作表语反身代词也常放在系动词之后作表语,表示与主语是同一人或物例如Themaninthephotoismyself.照片上的那个人就是我(自己)口诀反身代词莫乱用,能作句中宾、表、同(宾语、表语、同位语),主语、定语不宜用,固定搭配要记清
3.SoEnglishisaneasylanguagetolearnright本句中tolearn是不定式作定语动词不定式有形容词性质,在句中可作名词或不定代词的定语这种定语往往只能后置,并且与被修饰词之间有一定的逻辑关系例如Iwanttogetsomethingtodrink.我想要些喝的不定式todrink与被修饰词something有逻辑上的动宾关系Isthereanyonetotakecareofthechildren有人照顾孩子们吗?不定式totakecareof与被修饰词anyone有逻辑上的主谓关系
4.WithagoodknowledgeofEnglishstudents…with在此句中作“有;带有”讲,表示某物带有或具有某种特征例如Thewomanwithshorthairismymother.留短发的妇女是我的妈妈Thatisahousewithaswimmingpool.那是一座带游泳池的房子【拓展】1with作介词,意为“和……一起”,表伴随关系例如IwenttoHongKongDisneylandwithmyparents.我和父母一起去了香港迪斯尼乐园2表示使用“某种工具、手段”例如MyAmericanfriendislearningtoeatwithchopsticks.我的美国朋友在学着用筷子吃饭
5.Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes!1beafraidtodosth.意为“害怕做某事”,afraid是形容词,意为“害怕的”,只能作表语例如Hewasafraidtogooutaloneatnight.他害怕晚上独自外出【拓展】1beafraidofdoing和beafraidtodo的区别beafraidtodo是主观上的原因不去做,意为“害怕”;beafraidofdoing指担心出现doing描述的状况或结果例如I’mafraidtospeakEnglishinfrontofsomanypeoplebecauseI’mafraidofmakingmistakes.我不敢在那么多人面前说英语,因为我怕出错2beafraid+that从句,意为“恐怕……”例如I’mafraidthathewon’tethisevening.我恐怕他今天晚上不会来了2makemistakes=makeamistake意为“犯错,出错”例如AttimesImakemistakeswhenIspeakEnglish.我说英语时有时会出错Shealwaysmakesmistakesingrammar.她总是在语法方面犯错误
6.Yourcousincanstayatourhouse.can用作情态动词,有以下用法1表示能力表示能力时一般译为“能、会”,即有某种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力,此时may和must均不可代替它例如ShecanswimfastbutIcan’t.她能游得很快,但我不能Icanseewithmyeyes.我用眼睛看2表示许可,常在口语中例如Youcanusemydictionary.你可以用我的字典3表示推测表示推测时,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t译为“不可能”例如Canthenewsbetrue这个消息会是真的吗?—Canthemanbeourteacher那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—Nohecan’tbeourteacher.OurteacherisonavisittotheGreatWall.不可能咱们老师正在游览长城呢句式精练I.根据提示,翻译下列句子
1.你自己怎么建桥?______________doyoubuildthebridge____________________________
2.他为成为一名教师而自豪Heis____________________________beingateacher.
3.事实上,我知道这个好消息____________________________Iknewthegoodnews.
4.请在字典中查阅这个新单词Please____________________________thenewwordinthedictionary.
5.我昨天犯了一个大错误I________________________________________________________yesterday.
6.我弟弟只有六岁他不敢在河里游泳Mybrotherisonlysixyearsold.He__________________________________________swimintheriver.
7.你经常和你的老师们交流吗?Doyouoften____________________________yourteacher
8.请把你的朋友们介绍给我Please______________yourfriends______________me.
9.—你可以和我一起去购物吗?—可以—_________________you__________________________________withme—YesI_________________.II.同义句转换,每空一词
1.HowdoyoudoitaloneHowdoyoudoit____________________________
2.Tomdidn’tanswermyletter.Tomdidn’t____________________________myletter.
3.Theoldladytakesprideinherson.Theoldlady__________________________________________herson.
4.Sheissuchanicegirlthateveryonelikesher.Sheis____________________________agirlthateveryonelikesher.
5.OurEnglishteachergetsonwellwithus.OurEnglishteacher__________________________________________us.III.连词成句
1.please;I;Jenny;to;can;speak____________________________________________________________
2.could;speak;loudly;you;more____________________________________________________________
3.can’t;to;visit;wait;I;the;Wall;Great!____________________________________________________________
4.don’t;make;be;mistakes;to;afraid.____________________________________________________________
5.English;the;with;connects;world;you.____________________________________________________________IV.补全对话Z:Hello.IsMeiYainpleaseM:
1._____________________.WhoisthatZ:ThisisZhuLeihere.HaveyouwatchedtheperformancebyTaiLihuaM:
2._______________________Z:Ihaven’teither.Butit’ssaidthisisaverybeautifuldance.M:
3.___________________WasitgivenbyTaiLihuaonlyZ:NoitwasgivenbyTaiLihuaandother19girls.Andmanypeopleinthecountryweremovedbyit.M:WhyweresomanypeoplemovedWastheresomethingspecialaboutitZ:Yes.These20girlsarealldeafandmuteones聋哑人.M:OhIunderstand.IhopeIcanhaveachancetowatchit.Z:Don’tworry.Hereesthechance.LookI’vegottwoticketsfortheirperformanceinWuhanTheatretonight.
4.____________________M:Sure.HowshallwegetthereZ:
5.___________________Itisnotfarfromhere.M:OKI’llwaitforyouathomeattwo.Seeyoulater.Z:Seeyou.A.ReallyB.NotyetandyouC.ThisisMeiYaspeakingD.WouldyouliketogowithmeE.Howaboutridingabike参考答案I.根据提示,翻译下列句子
1.How;byyourself
2.proudof
3.Infact
4.lookup
5.madeabigmistake
6.isafraidto
7.municatewith
8.introduce;to
9.Can;goshopping;canII.同义句转换,每空一词
1.byyourself
2.replyto
3.isproudof
4.sonice
5.isgoodwithIII.连词成句
1.CanIspeaktoJennyplease
2.Couldyouspeakmoreloudly
3.Ican’twaittovisittheGreatWall!
4.Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes.
5.Englishconnectsyouwiththeworld.IV.补全对话
1.C
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.E。