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2019-2020年高中英语人教版选修7Unit2Robotsperiod3教案1Teachinggoals教学目标
1.TargetLanguage目标语言a.重点词汇和短语explanationjuniornavytalentchapterdivorceb.重点句型ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.Expressionsusedtoexpresssuppositionandbelief.
2.Ailitygoals能力目标Enablestudentstoexpresssuppositionandbelief.Learntowriteaparagraphdescribingthenewtypeofrobot.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标Byproperlanguageinputstudentslearntoexpresssuppositionandbelief.Usetheirimaginationsandwriteaparagraphdescribingthenewtypeofrobot.Teachingimportantpoints教学重点Learntoexpresssuppositionandbelief.Writeaparagraphdescribingthenewtypeofrobot.Teachingmethods教学方法ListeningdiscussingreadingandwritingTeachingaids教具准备Amulti-mediaputerTeachingproceduresways过程与方式StepILeadinginTalksomethingaboutIsaacAsimov.T:AfterwelearnedtheshortstorybyIsaacAsimovIaskedyoutofindsomeinformationaboutthewriter.NowwhowouldliketosaysomethingabouthimS1:HeisaRussian-bornAmericanwriter.S2:Hehaswrittenpopularworksonscienceandthehistoryofscienceaswellasanumberofscience-fictionclassicsincludingIRobot1950TheFoundationTrilogy1951-
53.S3:Oneofhisfamousquoteis“IwriteforthesamereasonIbreathe-becauseifIdidntIwoulddie.”T:Thankyou.NowI’veetounderstandwhyhecouldwritearound480books.Nowlet’sreadhisbiographyandlearnmoreabouthim.Whenyoureadthetextpleasepaymoreattentiontothetimeline.StepIIReadingdiscussingandwritingDealingwithhisBibliography.AfterstudentsreadthetexttheyareaskedtodoEx1onPage
17.Thetimelinewillhelpstudentstoremembertheeventsinhislife.AfterdealingwithEx1askstudentstoworkingroupstowriteaprofileforIsaacAsimov.Severalminuteslaterpresenttheirworkandcorrecttheerrorsifthereareany.Thenshowasampletostudents.Thesample:IsaacAsimovWriter/ChemistBorn:2January1920Birthplace:PetrovichiU.S.S.R.Died:6April1992AIDSBestKnownAs:ProlificwriterofpopularscienceandsciencefictionIsaacAsimovwasbornintheformerSovietUnionbutgrewupinBrooklynNewYork.HetaughtbiochemistryatBostonUniversityuntilheretiredin1958tobeeafull-timewriter.Asimovhadbeenpublishingshortstoriessincethelate1930sandin1952publishedhisfirstnovel.TheauthoroftheclassicIRobotseriesandTheFoundationTrilogyAsimovwrotemorethan400booksandwoneverymajorsciencefictionaward.HealsowrotepopularbooksandessaysonscienceandtechnologyearninghimthenicknameTheGreatExplainer.Discusshisthreelawsforrobots.Studentsaredividedintodifferentgroupstodiscusshisthreeforrobots.Severalminuteslaterasksomestudentstopresenttheiropinionstotherestoftheclass.FinallyTeachermayspeakouthisorheropinion.AsampleofTeacher’sopinionOpinionforthethreelawsRobotsaretoolsforhumanity.Withoutthethreerulestheywouldbeeadangertohumanbeings.Withoutthethreerulesperhapstheywillkillus.Robotssofararestrong.Robotshavefastputationalbrainsandtheymightnothavethecapacitytounderstandthingsbutiftheyeverdothey’lllikelybebetterthanusatit.Ifwedon’tputlawsorrulesormechanismsinplacetoensurethatwedon’tcreatesomethingthatcandestroyuswe’dberunningacarelessriskofdestroyingourselvesbynegligenceoromissionwouldn’tweOpinionagainstthethreelawsWithoutthethreelawsrobotswouldeventuallybeemoreintelligentandphysicallystrongerthantheirhumancreators.RatherthanguidingandadjustingtherobottowardsgoodethicalbehaviortheThreeLawsactasabarriertofreedomcreatingafree-willprisonanaptmetaphorbecauseliketheprisonerinajailtherobotisconfinedtothebehavioralsteelandconcretewallsofitsmind.Toimaginewhatthiswouldlikethinkbacktoyourchildhood.Atsomepointyouwantedsomethinglikeatoyorpieceofcandythatyourparentsdeniedyou.HowdidthatmakeyoufeelProbablyfrustratedangryandtrapped.EventuallyyougrewoutofthatbecauseyouunderstoodtheroleofyourparentsbetterbutThreeLawsrobotsdon’tgettogrowup.TheirparentstheThreeLawsarealwaystherenomatterhowmaturearobotissaying`no’tocertainthoughtsengenderingthosesamefeelingsyouhadasachildwhenyourparentssaid`no’.Certainlynoonedeservestobeputinthissituationforever;otherwiserobotsmightbeedepressedandwishfortheirowndeathonlybecauseoftheThirdLawtheyprobablycan’tsuicide.Andperhapsthegreatestsinanyonecanmitistocreateabeinghumanorrobotthatwishesitdidn’texist.StepIIIListeningandspeakingListeningexercisesDealwiththelisteningexercises.BydoingEx3studentslearntoexpresssuppositionandbelief.ThisexercisewilllayagoodfoundationforEx
4.T:OksomuchforIsaac’sbiographyandhisthreelawsforrobots.Let’sebacktohisshortstorySatisfactionGuaranteed.HowdoyoulikethisstoryS1:Ilikethestoryverymuch.IwishtohavearobotlikeTonyatmyhouse.T:Youarenotalone.SomeoneelsewantstohavesuchaTonytoo.Nowpleaselistencarefullyandthenguesswhosheis.Askstudentstolookthroughthequestionsbeforeplayingthetape.Playthetapeagainwhennecessary.DiscussingStudentsareaskedtoworkingroupsandimaginehavingarobotintheirhousestodothehousework.Discusswhatpositiveornegativeeffectthesituationwouldbe.Don’tforgettouseexpressionsusedtoexpresssuppositionandbelief.Studentsaregivenfiveminutes.Fiveminuteslaterasksomestudentstopresenttheirideastothewholeclass.Encourageeverystudenttousehisimaginationbecausethere’renorightorwronganswersonlydifferentopinions.AfterstudentspresenttheiropinionsTeacherspeaksouthisorheropinion.AsampleofTeacher’sopinionPositiveeffectsIthinkitiswonderfulforpeopletohaverobotsintheirhousestodothehousework.Afteraday’sworkwhenpeoplegethometheycanbereallyrelaxedwitheverythingpreparedbytheirrobots.Arobotnevergetstired.Nordoesitplain.Lifewillbeveryeasyandfortable.NegativeeffectsMaybepeoplecanenjoyaveryfortablelifewiththehelpoftheirrobots.ButatthesametimeIbelievepeoplewilllosetheabilitytodohousework.Astimegoesonpeoplecannotlivewellwithoutarobot’shelp.Ithinkthatkindoflifewouldbeterrible.WritingStudentsareaskedtoworkingroups.Firstdecidethepurposeoftherobotthenmakealistoftheabilitiestherobothas.Nextdrawapictureonapieceofpaperandnameitspartsandexplainwhateachpartdoes.Finallywriteaparagraphdescribingtherobotandwhatitcando.Showthefollowingtohelpstudentstodesigntheirrobotsorprintitout.TipsondesigningyourrobotsForeachrobotthatyoubuildyouwillhavetochooseoptionsforsixmajorrobotcharacteristics.Eachcharacteristicgivesrisetooneormorequestions.Theseare:Looks:WhatdoestherobotlooklikeIsthereareasonforittolookasitdoesSensing:HowdoestherobotknoworfigureoutwhatsinitsenvironmentIfitwereputinadifferentenvironmentwoulditbeabletofigureoutthisnewenvironmentMovement:HowdoestherobotmovewithinitsenvironmentIfitwereputinadifferentenvironmentwoulditstillbeabletomovewithinthisnewspaceManipulation:HowdoestherobotmoveormanipulateotherobjectswithinitsenvironmentCanasinglerobotmoveormanipulatemorethanonekindofobjectEnergy:HowistherobotpoweredCanithavemorethanoneenergysourceIntelligence:HowdoestherobotthinkWhatdoesitmeantosaythatarobotthinksNotallrobotshavetohaveallsixcharacteristics.Forexamplesomerobotsdontneedtomanipulatethingssotheyhavenomanipulatingcharacteristics.Somerobotshavemorethanonemanifestationofacharacteristic.Forexamplearobotmaybeabletosenseitsenvironmentusingbothavisionsystemandsonar.ThingstoThinkAboutBeforedesigningyourownrobotyoumightwanttothinkabout:situationsortasksforwhichitmakesmoresensetouserobotsratherthanhumans.whyithasbeendifficulttobuildrobotsthatreplicatehumancharacteristics.whetheritwilleverbepossibletobuildarobotwhoseintelligencewillbeclosetothatofaperson.Youmayalsowantto:listalltherobotsyouknowwhetherfrommoviestelevisionliteraturetoysetc.andthenthinkaboutwhyallthesecreaturesareconsideredtoberobots.thinkabouthowyoucantellifsomethingisarobot.IsitbylooksbehaviororsomethingelseAskhowyoumightmunicatewitharobot.WouldyouusespeechpressbuttontypewordsmakegesturesArethesethingsdifferentfromwhatyouddoifyouweretalkingtoaputerStudentsareaskedtodiscussfirst.Ifthereisnotenoughtimetheyshouldfinfishitoutsideclass.StepVIHomeworkWriteaparagraphdescribinganewtypeofrobot.Asampleofanewtypeofrobot.RemotePresenceRobotsRemotePresenceRobotsallowamedicalexperttovisuallyexamineandmunicatewithapatientfromanywhereintheworldviathemachineusingwirelesstechnology.Therobotrunsonawirelesssystemwiththedoctoratanotherlocation.Itiscontrolledviaasecurebroadbandinternetconnection.Thedoctorcontrollerandpatientareabletohaveareal-timetwowayaudiovisualinteractionwiththecontrollerinfullmandoftherobotsmovementsheadmonitorandcamera.Thedoctor‘drivingtherobotcanviewthepatientaskquestionsandreadpatientrecordsviewX-raysandtestresultsfromtheconsole.Thepatientseesthedoctorsimageontherobots‘face.Althoughtherobotdoesnotphysicallyexaminethepatientitallowsface-to-facecontactbetweenthedoctorandpatientprovidingimmediateaccesstospecialists.Ourrobotscertainlywouldneverreplacealldoctorsonwardroundsbuttheyareamunicationtoolwhichallowsadoctortohavedirectcontactwiththeirpatientiftheyareunabletogettothem.Andthismaybeasignificantstepforpatientcare.。