还剩10页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
2019年高考英语Unit1Greatscientists课时作业新人教版必修5Ⅰ.单项填空
1.xx·洛阳模拟—Whatmadeyourskinlooksoterrible— tothesunlightforalongtime.A.Becauseitwasexposed B.AfterbeingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Exposed
2.Whenhecamebackthreehourslatertheywerestillsittingonthesofa______inconversation.A.absorbingB.absorbedC.toabsorbD.tobeabsorbed
3.xx·西安模拟Theideaoftravelingabroadreally alotofChinesepeople.That’swhyeveryyearwitnessesmorepeopleapplyingforpassports.A.stickstoB.contributestoC.attendstoD.appealsto
4.xx·吉林模拟You’dbettergiveupsmokingTomformanydiseasesare______tosmokingyouknow.A.linkedB.ledC.exposedD.blamed
5.Thedoctor youforyourcoughissureto it.A.curing;treatB.cures;treatingC.treating;cureD.treats;cure
6.Itwastheboyratherthanhisteachersthat forwhattheboyhaddone.A.weretoblameB.weretobeblamedC.wastoblameD.wastobeblamed
7.Ithinkyouneedsomeoutdoorexercise.Plentyoffreshairwill goodhealth.A.contributetoB.devotetoC.applytoD.adjustto
8.xx·东北三校模拟—Whataretheworkerstalkingabout—Theyarediscussingtheideatheoldworker atthemeetingyesterday.A.putforwardB.cameupC.setoffD.broughtout
9.xx·孝感模拟Theindividualwordmay butthesentenceasawholemakesnosense.A.takeeffectB.makesenseC.leavebehindD.letdown
10. cleaningtheyardandmakingupthebedsfortheoldwealsoreadnewspapersforthemandhadchatswiththem.A.ExceptforB.RatherthanC.ApartfromD.Insteadof
11.xx·吉林模拟Isuggestednotonly tothemeetingbutalsogiveaspeechthere.A.didhegoB.hisgoingC.shouldhegoD.heshouldgo
12.Afterallthingshadbeendiscussedthemeetingwas withtheapplause.A.pletedB.containedC.constructedD.concluded
13.Don’tstop youetoawordoraphraseyoudon’tknow.A.forthefirsttimeB.becauseC.everytimeD.since
14.Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachinewemustsendforanengineerto theproblem.A.handleB.raiseC.faceD.present
15.xx·唐山模拟Herunclemadeafilm hisstoryinhischildhood.A.basedonB.wasbasedonC.basingonD.tobaseonⅡ.完形填空xx·三明模拟 Thisisastorythatcanteachusagoodlesson.Onedayamaninragsbeggedfromdoortodooralongthestreet.Withanoldwalletinhishandhewasaskingforafewcoinstobuysomethingtoeat.Hekeptplainingabouthisbadfortuneandkept 1 whythosewhohadsomuchmoneywerenever 2 andwerealwaysdesiringmore. “AsfarasI’mconcernedifIhadonlyenoughto 3 andtowearIwouldnotwantanythingmore.” JustatthatmomentGoddessofFortunewhocamedownthe 4 sawthebeggarandsaidtohim“HiIhavewishedto 5 youforalongtime.Nowopenyour 6 andIwillpourmygoldintoit.ButIwilldothatonlyonthis 7 :Allthatfallsintothewalletwillbepuregold;buteverypiecefallinguponthe 8 shallbeedust.Doyouunderstand” “Isee.”saidthebeggar. “Thenyoushould 9 !It’sobviousthatyourwalletisan 10 onesodon’tloadittooheavily”saidtheGoddessofFortune. Theexcitedbeggarcouldhardly 11 tohavegold.Hequicklyopenedhiswalletanda 12 ofyellowcoinswaspouredintoit.Thewalletgrewheavierandheavier. “IsthatenoughIsn’titcracking”askedGoddessofFortune.“Never 13 .It’sstillstrongenoughnow.”answeredthebeggar. Thewalletwasfilledwithsomanycoinsthatthebeggar’shandsbeganto 14 .“Ahifonlythegoldenstreamwould 15 forever!Justalittlemore”saidthebeggar“ 16 justahandfulortwo.” “There!It’sfull.Thewalletwill 17 .”warnedtheGoddessofFortunebutthebeggarrequested“Itwill 18 alittlemorejustalittlemore.” Onemorepiecewasaddedandthewalletsplit.The 19 felluponthegroundandbecamedust.Thegreedybeggarnowhad 20 buthisbrokenwallet.338W
1.A.showing B.explainingC.provingD.wondering
2.A.relaxedB.satisfiedC.worriedD.depressed
3.A.learn B.watch C.eat D.play
4.A.streetB.bridgeC.yardD.forest
5.A.praiseB.forgiveC.helpD.fort
6.A.coatB.pocketC.boxD.wallet
7.A.occasionB.suggestionC.situationD.condition
8.A.handB.feetC.groundD.street
9.A.lookoutB.lookafterC.lookupD.lookdown
10.A.smallB.emptyC.wornD.full
11.A.standB.waitC.breatheD.think
12.A.streamB.pieceC.pairD.variety
13.A.stopB.requestC.fearD.insist
14.A.spreadB.closeC.looseD.shake
15.A.pourB.endC.dryD.melt
16.A.takeB.addC.lendD.send
17.A.flowB.burstC.disappearD.change
18.A.attractB.permitC.includeD.hold
19.A.presentB.foodC.treasureD.metal
20.A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.somethingⅢ.阅读理解LinusPaulingtheonlypersonwhohaswontwoundividedNobelPrizeswasborninPortlandOregon.HeattendedWashingtonHighSchoolbutbecauseofanunimportantdetailhedidnotreceivehisdiplomauntil1962longafterhehadreceivedhisBachelor’sdegreeinchemicalengineeringfromOregonStateCollegein
1922.Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.HewontheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1954forhisresearchintothenatureofthechemicalbondanditsapplicationtotheexplanationofthestructureofplexsubstance.Hisinterestinthe“behavior”ofmolecules分子ledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistryespeciallyofthehumanbody.Hebeganwithproteinsandtheirmainpartstheaminoacids氨基酸whicharecalledthe“buildingblocksoflife”.In1950heconstructedthefirstsatisfactorymodelofaproteinmoleculeadiscoveryveryimportanttotheunderstandingofthelivingcell.DuringWorldWarⅡPaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurityforwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin
1948.HowevertheuseoftheatomicbombneartheendofthewarturnedPaulinginanewdirection.Havinglongworkedonthestructureofmoleculeshetookanimmediateinterestinthedeadlyeffectsofnuclearfalloutonhumanmolecularstructures.FromthenonPaulingprotestedtheproductionofthehydrogenbombsandsupportedthepreventionofthespreadofnuclearweapons.ThroughhiseffortsTheNuclear-Test-BanTreatydeclaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundonescameintoeffectonOctober101963thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace.315W
1.FromthefirstParagraphwelearnthatLinusPauling .A.didn’tstudyhardwhileinWashingtonHighSchoolB.istheonlyscientistwhohaswontwoNobelPrizesC.wasoncebadlytreatedinWashingtonHighSchoolD.chosetostudychemicalengineeringtoearnhisliving
2.WhichofthefollowingthingsdidPaulingpaymuchattentiontoatfirstA.The“behavior”ofmolecules.B.Physicalchemistry.C.Biologicalchemistry.D.Thehumanbody.
3.DuringWorldWarⅡLinusPauling .A.hadtostophisresearchbecauseofthewarB.madegreatcontributionstothesafetyofthecountryC.joinedthearmytofightforthesafetyofthecountryD.tookpartinresearchingnuclearbombs
4.WhichofthefollowingislegalaccordingtoTheNuclear-Test-BanTreatyA.Theuseofnuclearweapons.B.Testinghydrogenbombsontheground.C.Testinghydrogenbombsunderthesurfaceoftheground.D.Theproductionofthehydrogenbombs.
5.Themainideaofthepassageistoshow .A.LinusPauling’sattitudetowardsnuclearweaponsB.LinusPauling’scontributionstotheworldC.LinusPauling’sresearchonthestructureofmoleculesD.LinusPauling’sgettingtheNobelPrizeforPeace【语篇随练】Ⅰ.写出完形填空中单词或短语的含义
1.inrags_____________
2.fortunen._____________
3.depressedadj._____________
4.loadvt._____________Ⅱ.翻译阅读理解的句子ThroughhiseffortsTheNuclear-Test-BanTreatydeclaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundonescameintoeffectonOctober101963thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace.【译】___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.用30个词左右概括阅读理解文章大意____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案解析Ⅰ.
1.【解析】选C考查固定结构句意:——是什么让你的皮肤看起来这么难看——是长时间暴露于阳光下所致beexposedto暴露于……答语是省略句此处用作主语故用动词-ing形式
2.【解析】选B考查非谓语动词句意:当他三个小时后回来时他们仍坐在沙发上聚精会神地交谈beabsorbedin为固定搭配意为“专心于”所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式作伴随状语
3.【解析】选D考查动词短语辨析句意:出国旅游的想法的确吸引了许多中国人这就是为什么每年都有更多的人申请护照的原因appealto对……有吸引力符合句意stickto坚持;contributeto捐献促成为……作贡献;attendto处理对付照料【变式备选】Ialwayshavesomanythingsto whenIebacktothepanyafteratripabroad.A.addtoB.sticktoC.attendtoD.appealto【解析】选C句意:当我每次出国旅行回到公司时我总有很多事要处理attendto处理addto增加;stickto坚持;appealto恳求请求;吸引……这三项都不符合句意
4.【解析】选A句意:你最好把烟戒掉汤姆你应该知道很多疾病都与抽烟有关系belinkedtosth.与某物有联系符合句意leadto“导致”一般不用于被动语态;blame多用于betoblame结构表示“应该受到指责”【变式备选】Youcanseeprogramsbroadcastbyanystationbecausetelevisionstationsaroundthecountryare bysatellite.A.linkedB.binedC.attachedD.associated【解析】选Alink意为“连接;联系”表示“全国的电视台通过卫星联系在一起”bine意为“使联合使结合”;attach意为“使附属使隶属”;associate意为“使联合”
5.【解析】选C考查动词词义辨析句意:给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病treat治疗;cure治愈;treatingyouforyourcough现在分词短语作定语
6.【解析】选Cbetoblame表示“应该受责备”从结构分析主语应当为theboy因此选C
7.【解析】选A考查动词短语辨析句意:我认为你需要些户外锻炼足够的新鲜空气有利于健康contributeto有助于导致;devoteto奉献;applyto适用;adjustto调节以适应
8.【解析】选A考查动词短语辨析句意:——工人们在谈论什么——他们在讨论那位老工人昨天在会上提出的想法putforward提出符合句意eup被提及发生;setoff出发引起;bringout取出出版【变式备选】Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandsthey areturneddown.A.putasideB.putthroughC.putforwardD.putaway【解析】选C考查动词短语辨析句意:如果工人们提出的要求被拒绝的话他们会继续罢工putforward提出主意、计划等符合句意putaside把……放在一边;putthrough给……接通电话;putaway把……收起来均不符合句意
9.【解析】选B句意:单个的单词可能有意义但是整个句子没有意义makesense有意义讲得通符合句意takeeffect生效;leavebehind忘带留下;letdown放下使失望【变式备选】—What’sthemainideaofthepassageBob—SorryIcan’tmake ofit.It’sbeyondmyability.7A.judgementB.understandingC.ideaD.sense【解析】选D句意:——Bob这篇文章的中心思想是什么——对不起我看不懂这篇文章它超出我的能力范围了makesenseof明白理解
10.【解析】选C考查短语辨析apartfrom具有不同的含义:可以表排除或例外也可以表包括根据also可知我们所做的包括cleaningtheyard和makingupthebeds这两件事故用apartfrom在此表包括exceptfor除……之外表排除;ratherthan而不是;insteadof代替
11.【解析】选C考查suggest的用法和倒装句句意:我建议他不但要参加这次会议而且还要在那儿作报告notonly...butalso...连接两个并列句子时notonly引导的句子要倒装再根据前面主句是“Isuggested...”可以排除A项因此C项为正确答案【变式备选】Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe illandherparentssuggestedthatshe______amedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has【解析】选B句中第一个suggest意为“表明”从句不用虚拟语气应用过去时态;第二个suggest意为“建议”从句应用虚拟语气本句省略了should
12.【解析】选Dconclude意为“结束”指彻底结束、关闭可用于讲话、写作、会议、条约甚至生意的正式结束有时也可指以任何方式结束;plete意为“完成”表示“使完整”;contain意为“包含容纳”;construct意为“建造”
13.【解析】选C考查连接词的用法按照句意此处需要一个连词来连接时间状语从句C项符合A项介词短语不用来连接从句;B项表示原因;D项表示原因、条件均不合适
14.【解析】选A句意:因为这儿没人知道机器出了什么故障所以我们必须派人去请一个工程师来解决这个难题handle处理解决;raise提出;face正视;present介绍呈现呈递由句意可知A项正确
15.【解析】选A句意:她叔叔制作了一部以他自己童年的经历为基础的电影分析句子结构可知film后为非谓语动词作定语相当于定语从句whichwasbasedonhisstoryinhischildhood故用过去分词形式Ⅱ. 一个沿街乞讨的乞丐遇到了财富女神财富女神给了乞丐许多金币同时告诫乞丐金币掉到地上则化为灰尘贪婪的乞丐不听劝告导致金币撑破钱包化为灰尘乞丐又变得一无所有故事告诫人们面对金钱不要贪得无厌
1.【解析】选D根据第一段最后一句“为什么那些人如此有钱却从不满足还想得到更多”可知乞丐对此百思不得其解“keepwondering”一直想知道符合句意
2.【解析】选B还想得到更多所以不满足B项符合句意
3.【解析】选C由常识可知乞丐最重要的是要解决吃和穿的问题eat吃对应下面提到的“穿”符合语境learn学习;watch看观察;play玩均不符合语境
4.【解析】选A根据第一段乞丐在沿街乞讨所以财富女神降落到大街上才能看到乞丐street街道符合语境bridge桥;yard院子;forest森林均不符合语境
5.【解析】选C根据下文“打开你的钱包我要给你一些金子”可知财富女神在帮助乞丐所以选help意为“帮助”praise表扬;forgive原谅;fort安慰均不符合语境
6.【解析】选D根据第三段中的“Allthatfallsintothewalletwillbepuregold”所有进入你钱包的都是纯金可知乞丐打开的是一个钱包所以选wallet意为“钱包”
7.【解析】选D只有在这种条件下“我”才会去做“Allthatfallsintothewalletwillbepuregold;buteverypiecefallinguponthe shallbeedust.”指上文提到的这种条件condition条件、状况符合句意
8.【解析】选C句意:每一枚金币掉到地上都会变成尘土ground地面符合语境
9.【解析】选A根据下文财富女神告诫乞丐不要装得太重提醒乞丐注意、当心所以选lookoutlookafter照顾;lookup仰视向上看;lookdown俯视
10.【解析】选C上文中“Withanoldwalletinhishand”表明这是一个旧钱包所以选worn意思是:用旧的
11.【解析】选Bcouldhardlywaittodosth.意为:迫不及待做某事句意:激动的乞丐早已迫不及待地想拿到金子
12.【解析】选A根据倒数第三段中提到的“goldenstream”可知答案
13.【解析】选C通过乞丐告诉财富女神钱包现在还很结实可知不要为钱包担心Neverfear.不要害怕
14.【解析】选D句意:钱包装了如此多的金币乞丐的手开始发抖shake发抖符合语境spread伸展;close关闭;loose放松均不符合语境
15.【解析】选A乞丐希望金子源源不断地流出四个选项中只有pour流出能形象地描绘出乞丐的贪婪
16.【解析】选B对应前文的“Justalittlemore”可知这里表达的意思是:贪婪的乞丐想再往钱包中多装一两把金子add添加符合句意take拿携带;lend借出;send发送均不符合语境最后一段第一句话也有原词复现:Onemorepiecewasaddedandthewalletsplit.
17.【解析】选B钱包已经装满了而且是一个旧钱包继续装可能会裂开所以选burst“破裂”下文中的“split”为同义词复现
18.【解析】选D贪婪的乞丐认为钱包还能多装一点hold“容纳”符合语境
19.【解析】选Ctreasure财宝这里指代金币钱包破裂后金币自然会掉到地上present礼物;food食物;metal金属均不符合句意
20.【解析】选A句意:贪婪的乞丐现在除了破裂的钱包一无所有nothing什么也没有Ⅲ. 本文主要介绍了LinusPauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献他是唯一一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家
1.【解析】选D细节理解题从第一段最后一句话“Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.”可以得出正确答案为D选项
2.【解析】选B推理判断题从第二段第二句话“Hisinterestinthe‘behavior’ofmoleculesledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistryespeciallyofthehumanbody.”我们可以看出Pauling的兴趣发生了变化从physicalchemistry转到了biologicalchemistry上所以正确答案为B选项
3.【解析】选B细节理解题根据第三段第一句话“DuringWorldWarⅡPaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurityforwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin
1948.”可以得出正确答案为B选项
4.【解析】选C细节理解题根据最后一段最后一句话“ThroughhiseffortsTheNuclear-Test-BanTreatydeclaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundonescameintoeffectonOctober101963thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace.”可以得出正确答案为C选项
5.【解析】选B主旨大意题本文主要介绍了LinusPauling一生的成就及其对世界的贡献所以应该选择B选项【语篇随练】Ⅰ.
1.衣衫褴褛
2.财富;命运
3.沮丧的意志消沉的
4.装填;使担负Ⅱ.在他的努力下《禁止核试验协定》于1963年10月10日生效该协定宣布:所有核试验都要在地下进行否则就是非法的就在同一天LinusPauling获得诺贝尔和平奖Ⅲ.ThispassageismainlyaboutLinusPauling’sachievementsthroughhislifeandhisgreatcontributionstotheworld.HeistheonlypersonwhohaswontwoundividedNobelPrizes.。