还剩6页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
2019-2020年高中英语选修十教案unit3重点词汇讲解
1.weepweptwept1vivtweepfor/oversb/sth流泪;哭泣Thesightmademewanttoweep.我见到这种情形真想痛哭一场weepforjoy喜极而泣Shewepttoseehiminsuchastate.她一见他那种情形簌簌泪下weeptearsofjoy流出喜悦的眼泪2n.一阵哭泣Agoodweepwouldprobablymakeyoufeelbetter.你痛痛快快哭上阵也许就好受些了[词型变化](指某些树)有下垂枝条的:aweepingbirchwillowetc.枝条下垂的桦树、垂柳
2.burstburstburst1n.爆炸;爆破;爆裂:theburstofashellbomb炮弹﹑炸弹的爆炸aburstinawater-pipe水管的破裂短暂而巨大的努力;冲刺aburstofenergyspeedetc迸发出的能量﹑速度等某事物的突然爆发aburstofangerenthusiasmetc怒火﹑热情等的迸发aburstofapplause一阵欢呼.2vivt.(使某物)爆炸;胀破;爆破:Ifyoublowthatballoonupanymoreitwillburst.那气球再吹就要破了Water-pipesoftenburstincoldweather.水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂fig比喻I’veeatensomuchIfeelreadytoburst!我吃得太多,肚子都要撑破了![词组]beburstingtodosth极欲干某事:Shewasburstingtotellhimthegoodnews.她迫不及待地要把这个好消息告诉他burststhopen(使某物)突然或猛然打开Thepoliceburstthedooropen.警察把门撞开了burstinenteraroometc突然进入(房间等)Thepoliceburstinthroughthedoorandarrestedthegang.警察突然闯进(房门)逮捕了那帮人burstinonsb/sth(因突然来到)阻碍某人[某事物]burstinonameeting打断会议Howdareyouburstinonuswithoutknocking!你怎么胆敢不敲门就闯进来!burstintosth突然而猛烈地发出或产生出某事物Theaircraftcrashedandburstintoflames飞机坠毁起火burstintotearssongangryspeech突然哭、唱、吵起来treesburstingintoleaf/bloom/blossom/flower长出新叶[开花]的树木burstintooutofthroughetc.sth突然而猛力地向某一方向移动;从某处突然出现Theoilburstoutoftheground.石油从地下喷发出来Thesunburstthroughtheclouds.太阳突然从云端里露出来burston/uponsb/sth突然而意外地出现在某人[某物]面前Thetruthburstuponhim.他突然了解了真相Amajornewtalenthasburstontheliteraryscene.有个惹人瞩目的新秀突然出现于文坛burstouta突然激动地说;叫嚷“Ihateyou!”sheburstout.“我讨厌你!”她叫嚷道b突然开始(做某事)burstoutcrying/laughing/singing突然哭起来(笑起来/唱起来)
3.bidbidbid1vivt.Bidsthforsth;sthonsth(购物时)出价;(尤指拍卖时)喊价:Shebid500forthepainting.她喊价500英镑(买这幅画)Wehadhopedtogetthehousebutanothercouplewasbiddingagainstus我们原希望买下这所房子但另一对夫妇不断抬价与我们竞买投标:Severalfirmshavebidforthecontracttobuildthenewconcerthall.有几家公司投标争取建造新音乐厅的合同[词型变化]biddern(拍卖时的)喊价者:Thehousewenttothehighestbidder.房子卖给了出价最高的人
4.discriminateVivt.discriminatebetweenAandB;discriminateAfromB分别辨别区分(两事物):discriminatebetweentwocases/onecasefromanother区分两件事[将一件事与另一件事区分开discriminateagainstsb/infavourofsb歧视[偏袒](某人或某些人):Societystilldiscriminatesagainstwomen/infavourofmen.社会上仍然歧视女性[厚待男性][词型变化]discriminatingadj.判断力强的;鉴别力强的;知觉敏锐的:discriminatingtastejudgementetc.敏锐的鉴赏力﹑判断力等Shehasanartist’sdiscriminatingeye.她具有艺术家特有的敏锐眼光
5.additionaladj.另外的附加的额外的Weneededadditionalmoneyforourtrip.我们出去旅行需要更多的钱[词型变化]additioninadditiontosb/sth加之;除……之外:Inadditiontothenamesonthelisttherearesixotherapplicants.除此(名单上的名字)之外还有六个申请人
6.unconsciousadj.失去知觉的:knocksb.unconscious把某人打得不省人事Beunconsciousofsb/sth不知道的;未察觉的:beunconsciousofanychange未察觉出任何变化无意地做出或说出的:anunconsciousslight无意的冒犯[词型变化]unconsciouslyadv:Heunconsciouslyimitatedhisfather.他在不知不觉中仿效他的父亲unconsciousnessn[U]无知觉;无意识;神志不清;不知不觉:lapsefalletcintounconsciousness昏了过去
7.rebelrebelledrebelled1n.[c]反叛者arebelinthehome家庭的叛逆者therebelforces叛军2vi武装反抗,选择,抵抗,强烈抗议Thepeasantsrebelledagainstbeingexploitedtoomuch.农民们起义反抗受太多剥削Suchtreatmentwouldmakeanyonerebel.这样的对待会使任何人起而反抗
8.appetiten.[C]慾望(尤指对食物或享乐);食慾;胃口WhenIwasillIpletelylostmyappetite.我生病时完全没有食慾fig比喻Hehadnoappetiteforthefight.他毫无斗志(对某事物的)自然的慾望Thelongwalkhasgivenmeagoodappetite.走了长路使我食慾大振Hehasanamazingappetiteforhardwork.他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作
9.slideslidslid1n.滑动,打滑Thecarwentintoaslideonthesurface.汽车在地面上打滑幻灯片Don’tyouwanttoseemyslidesofKorea你不想看看我在朝鲜拍的幻灯片吗?滑落,跌落,下降Thereappearsaslideinlivingstandardsnow.现在出现了生活水平下降的情况2vt.vi(使)滑动Thekidswereslidingontheice.孩子们在冰上滑行(使)悄悄移动,潜行Heslidoutoftheroomwhennoonewaslooking.他趁人没看见,偷偷溜出了房间(价格等)下滑,降低Whenwillthegovernmenttakeactiontosupporttheslidingpound政府何时会采取行动支持正在下跌的英镑?
10.trapn.捕动物等的器具;陷阱amouse-trap老鼠夹caughtinatrap落入陷阱(为擒拿或侦获某人的)计策Thethieveswerecaughtinapolicetrap.窃贼遭警方用计擒获(诱人暴露自己﹑泄露秘密等的)圈套,诡计Youfellrightintomytrap.你恰恰中了我的计Isthisquestionatrap这个问题是不是个圈套(难以摆脱的)困境Forsomewomenmarriageisatrap.对有的妇女来说婚姻就是一种牵绊vt.trappedtrapped
1.使(某人)陷入困境Theyweretrappedintheburninghotel.他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里
2.trapsbintosth/doingsth用计捕捉某人或使某人上当IwastrappedintotellingthepoliceallIknew.我中计了,把所知道的一切全都告诉了警方
11.suckvi.vt.(用嘴)吸(液体或气体等);吮吸;啜;嘬suckthejuicefromanorange吸橙子的汁(指泵等)抽出(液体或气体等)Thepumpsucksairoutofthevesselthroughthisvalve.这台泵通过这个阀门把(容器中的)空气抽出plantsthatsuckupmoisturefromthesoil从土壤中吸收水分的植物将(某物)含在嘴里achildthatsucksitsthumb吮吸拇指的孩子[词组]suckawayat/onsth吸食或吮吸某物Thebabysuckedawayatitsbottlecontentedly.那婴儿舒适地嘬着(奶瓶)Theoldmanwassuckingathispipe.那老汉正在吸着烟斗sucksbin/intosth将某人卷入(丑闻﹑争论等)之中(通常为不情愿者)Idon’twanttogetsuckedintotherowaboutschoolreform.我不愿意牵扯到这场学制改革的争论之中sucksb/sthunderintoetcsth;sucksb/sthdowninetc.(以水或气体的巨大吸力)把某人[某物]吞没Thecanoewassuckeddownintothewhirlpool.那独木舟卷进漩涡里了suckuptosb奉承或巴结某人;拍某人马屁Shesucksuptohimbyagreeingwitheverythinghesays.她巴结他,他说什么话她都同意
12.Wipevt.Wipesth.onsth.;wipesth.down/overwipethedishes把碟子擦干wipeone’seye擦干眼泪wipeone’shandsonatowel用毛巾擦手wipesth.clean/dry把某物擦干净[干]用(布等)擦wipeadampspongeacrossone’sface用湿海绵擦脸搽(某物质)Wipethelotionontoyourface.你在脸上搽些护肤液[词组]擦净或擦掉某物wipeawaythetearsfromone’seyes擦(掉)眼泪wipethewritingfromtheblackboard把黑板上的字擦掉wipeupthespiltmilkoffthefloor把洒在地板上的牛奶擦乾净wipearecordingoffatape抹掉磁带上录制的内容Wipethatsmile/grin/expressionoffyourface!别笑[咧着嘴笑/做出那种表情]!wipesth.out擦拭(盆﹑碗等)的内部Thisvasewasn’twipedoutproperlybeforeitwasputaway.这个花瓶没擦乾净就收起来了除去或取消某事物wipeoutone’sdebt还清债务Thisyear’slosseshavewipedoutlastyear’sprofits.今年亏损把去年的赢利都赔光了彻底消灭或摧毁某事物Wholevillageswerewipedoutinthebombingraids.整座整座的村庄都在轰炸中摧毁了Thegovernmentistryingtowipeoutdrugtrafficking.政府竭力清除毒品买卖活动
13.stainVi.vt.stainsthwithsth改变某物的颜色;染污沾污(某物)(尤指难以清除):fingersstainedwithnicotine被尼古丁染黄的手指blood-stainedhands沾着血污的手Theblackberryjuicestainedtheirfingersred.黑莓汁把他们的手指给染(红)了被染污;被沾污:Ourwhitecarpetstainseasily.我们的白地毯不耐脏给(木材﹑布等)染色或着色Hestainedthewooddarkbrown.他把木头染成深褐色了玷污,败坏(某人的名声等)Theincidentstainedhiscareer.那件小事给他的事业抹上了污斑n染色剂;着色剂;染料;颜料HowmuchstainshouldIbuyforthetable给这张桌子上色我得买多少颜料污点;污斑;污迹There’saninkstainonyourshirt.你的衬衫上有一个墨水斑玷污(某人名声等的)事物;品德上的污点Heleftthecourtwithoutastainonhischaracter.他经法庭一役人格丝毫无损[词型变化]stainlessadj无污点的;无瑕疵的astainlessreputation清白的名声stainlesssteel不锈钢练习
一、根据首字母填空
1.Themotherw______overthedeathofherchild.
2.Theriverb______itsbanksandfloodedthetown.
3.Thepolicemanwasu______ofbeingfollowedbyamanindark.
4.Don’tspoilyoura______byeatingsweetsbeforemeals.
5.Iwass______abouthelplesslyontheice.
6.Firemenhadtobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeoplet______inside.
7.Somefoodscans______theteethasofcoursecansmoking.
8.Thisisthetotalpriceofyourvacation!Withnoa______charges.
9.Hepulledahandkerchieffromhispocketandw______hisnose.
10.Thepeopler______againstthetyrant.
二、根据中文填空完成句子
1.然而,自20世纪80年代这种疾病突然出现之后,它就变成全球范围内的一个严重问题Howeversincethedisease____________the______inthe1980sithasbeeaseriousproblemroundtheworld.
2.为了控制这一问题,政府已经开放了实验室来监控这种疾病2003年,它同时开始为艾滋病人提供免费的药物__________________tocontroltheproblemthegovernmenthasopenedlabstomonitorthediseaseandin2003italsostartedprovidingfreedrugsforAidspatients.
3.国际帮助在中国的抵御艾滋病斗争中也非常重要何大维博士投身于将先进的技术和国际注意专注中国的艾滋问题InternationalhelphasalsobeenveryimportantinfightingAidsinChina.DrDavidHohas______himself____________up-to-datetechnologyandinternational______toChina’sAidsproblem.
4.他们的祖父现在照顾他们,因为他们的母亲在怀孕的时候拿到了治疗艾滋的药品,所以他们没有从她身上染到艾滋病Theirgrandfatherisnow____________themandbecausetheirmother__________________prescriptionAidsmedicineswhenshewaspregnanttheydidnotgetHIVfromher.
5.服毒经常以试验开始的,但经常以混乱告终Takingdrugsoftenbeginsasjustanexperimentbutitoften____________a______situation.
6.正如吸烟者可能会告诉你的那样,人们很容易对尼古丁上瘾,所以他们很难戒烟Assmokersmaytellyoupeoplecanbeeeasily____________nicotinewhichiswhytheyhavetroublequittingsmoking.
7.另外一种毒品被称为镇定剂这种毒品会降低心率,令服毒者发困,使他们一种假的快感——尽管这种效应一段时间后会逐渐消退Anotherclassofdrugsisoften__________________downers.Drugsinthisclasscandecreasetheheartratemakeuserssleepyandmaygiveusersanartificialsenseofpleasure—thoughthiseffectfadesafteratime.
8.酒精也被归类为是一种镇定剂尽管它是合法的,但是如果大量服用,它会损伤肝脏,带来极大的坏处Alcoholisalso____________adownerandalthoughitislegalitcandamagetheliveranddogreatharmif______inlarge______.
三、选词语填空完成句子
1.ShesaysthousandsofpeopleinGermany______now______LaughterYoga.
2.______helpitspupilswritetheirexperiencestheschoolinvitedalltheparentstoworktogether.
3.______monbeliefsocialmediawebsitessuchasFacebookdonotweakenpersonaltiesandtheystrengthentheminuniquewaysformdifferentagegroupsaccordingtoanewstudy.
4.Thenoveltellsthestoryofateenagerwhohisfather.
5.Onepatientrequiringahearttransplantcould______anysavingsovernight.
6.Manywomenare______lovelessmarriages.
7.Shemanagedtocalmhimdownand______aneighbor.
8.Theyweresoquietthathe______pletely______theirpresence.
9.______solvingtheproblemistomeetthedemandmadebythecustoms.
10.Thepolicesuddenly______andtookcontrol.
四、用所给词语编写短文(至少六个)weepburstdiscriminateadditionalrebelappetiteslidetrapsuckwipestain参考答案
1.
①wept
②burst
③unconscious
④appetite
⑤sliding
⑥trapped
⑦stain
⑧additional
⑨wiped⑩rebelled
2.
①burstonscene
②Inabid
③devotedto;bringingattention
④caringof;hadaccessto
⑤endsinmessy
⑥addictedto
⑦referredtoas
⑧classifiedas;consumed;quantities
3.
①areaddictedto
②Inabidto
③Contraryto
④rebelsagainst
⑤wipeaway
⑥trappedin
⑦seekhelpfrom
⑧wasunconsciousof
⑨Thekeyto⑩burstonthescene
4.Selenasuckedthestrawwipedthestainoffherhandandcontinuedherstory.“WhenIwastrappedintheliftamanbesidemeburstoutcryingandheldmyarmtight.Ifeltgreatlyshocked.DoyouknowwhyHeismybosswhooftendiscriminatesagainstwomen.”contrarytothekeytorebelagainstbeaddictedtowipeawayburstonthescenebetrappedinseekhelpfrominabidtobeunconsciousof。