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2019年高考英语一轮总复习Unit2TheUnitedKingdom课时作业新人教版必修5Ⅰ.阅读理解Axx·江苏卷Ifadiversurfacestooquickly,hemaysufferthebends.Nitrogen氮dissolved溶解inhisbloodissuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,ifthebubbles气泡accumulateinajoint,issharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.Otherair-breathinganimalsalsosufferthisdepression减压sicknessiftheysurfacetoofast whales,forexample.Andsolongago,didichthyosaurs.Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.Ifbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutoffitsbloodsupply.Thiskillsthecellsinthebone,andconsequentlyweakensit,sometimestothepointofcollapse.Fossil化石bonesthathavecavedinonthemselvesarethusasignthattheanimaloncehadthebends.BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonestofindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasinthepast.Whatheparticularlywantedtoinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblemofdepressionoverthe150millionyears.Tothisend,heandhiscolleaguestraveledtheworldsnaturalhistorymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheTriassicperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.Whenhestarted,heassumedthatsignsofthebendswouldberarerinyoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasurestodealwithdepression.Instead,hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite.Morethan15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotasingleTriassicspecimen标本showedevidenceofthatsortofinjury.Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-depressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,moststrangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedtoescapeapredator捕食动物suchasalargeshark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.Triassicoceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.IntheTriassic,then,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.IntheJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey猎物aswellaspredator—andoftenhadtomakeaspeedyexitasaresult.[文章大意]文章主要介绍了落到水中马上浮出水面会产生什么影响1.WhichofthefollowingisatypicalsymptomofthebendsA.Atwistedbody.B.Agradualdecreaseinbloodsupply.C.Asuddenreleaseofnitrogeninblood.D.Adropinbloodpressure.解析细节理解题由文章第一段中的“Theconsequence...issharppainandabentbody”可知答案A2.ThepurposeofRothschildsstudyistosee________.A.howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebendsB.howichthyosaursadaptedtodepressionC.whyichthyosaursbenttheirbodiesD.whenichthyosaursbroketheirbones解析细节理解题根据文章第三段“Whatheparticularlywantedtoinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblemofdepressionoverthe150millionyears”可知答案B3.RothschildsfindingstatedinParagraph4________.A.confirmedhisassumptionB.speededuphisresearchprocessC.disagreedwithhisassumptionD.changedhisresearchobjectives解析细节理解题根据文章第四段中的“Instead,hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite.”可知答案C4.Rothschildmighthaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs________.A.failedtoevolveananti-depressionmeansB.graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebendsC.diedoutbecauseoflargesharksandcrocodilesD.evolvedananti-depressionmeansbutsoonlostit解析推理判断题由文章倒数第二段but前后句子对比关系,可推出答案为A答案ABxx·德州联考TheNewFolkSoundOfTerryCallierattractedlittleinterestwhenfirstreleased发行,andbythetimeitwaschampionedonamusicchart,Callierhadlongabandonedmusicforacareerinputerprogramming.Asaresult,hereturnedtomusictomakemanyrecordingswithsomeleadingyoungartistsinBritain,makingitthemostsuccessfulperiodofhislife.TerryCallierwasbornintoapoorfamilyonMay241945andgrewupinChicago.Helearnedtoplaythepianoandbegansingingingroupsinhisteens.HereleasedhisfirstsingleLookAtMeNowin
1962.Whenofferedatourheseemedtobeashiningstarsoon.Butthenhismothersteppedin,insistingthat,at17,hisplacewasnotontheroadbutathomestudying.Whileattendingcollege,hebeganperforminginfolkclubsandcoffeehouses.Itwasalsowhenhestartedhissongwriting.Calliercontinuedtorecordandgiveliveconcertsthroughthe1970stouringwithsomefamouspopularsingers.Hisbinationoffierceguitar,wiselyics歌词andsweetvoicescreatedadistinctivestyleknownasjazzfolk.However,hehadmoresuccessasasongwriterthanasasingerwhenhesanghishitsongTheLoveWeHadStaysonMyMindin
1971.In1983heabandonedmusicpletelytoattendhis12-year-o1ddaughteraftersplittingupwithhiswife.HegotasteadyjobattheUniversityofChicagoanddidnottouchaguitarforyears.Manyyearslater,someDJsdiscoveredhisoldrecordingsandbegantoplayhissongsinclubs.ThoughCallierwasunwillingtogetinvolvedinmusicagain,Callierwaseventuallypersuadedtoeback,whichbroughthimmoreapplausesthanhehadeverexperienced.[文章大意]TerryCallier在演唱方面很在天赋尽管妈妈反对,但是进入大学后,他仍有很好的表现,并且开始写歌,取得了令人瞩目的成就但后来由于家庭原因,他放弃了音乐,到芝加哥大学工作多年后,他又重返音乐界,创造了新的辉煌5.FromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatCalliersdelayedsuccessledto________.A.lossofinterestinmusicB.afailureinhisstudyC.hisartisticrebirthD.thereunionofoldfriends解析细节判断题根据第一段最后一句“Asaresult,...makingitthemostsuccessfulperiodofhislife.”可知,最终,他到达了人生中最辉煌的时刻答案C6.WhatwasCalliersmothersattitudetowardshisdreamofbeingastarA.Supportive. B.Understanding.C.Indifferent. D.Opposed.解析观点态度题根据第二段最后“Butthenhismothersteppedin,insistingthat,at17,hisplacewasnotontheroadbutathomestudying.”可知他的妈妈坚持认为,十七岁的孩子应该在家学习supportive,“支持的”;understanding,“理解的”;indifferent,“冷漠的,不关心的”;opposed,“反对的”故选D项答案D7.WhichisintherightorderinCalliersstory
①HegotajobinputerprogrammingattheUniversityofChicago.
②Writingsongsbecameassuccessfulassingingsongs.
③TheNewFolkSoundOfTerryCallierbecamemostpopular.
④Hemanagedtoreleasethefirstsingleandwasofferedatour.A.
②④③① B.
④②①③C.
④①②③ D.
④①③②解析细节判断题根据“TheNewFolkSoundOfTerryCallierattractedlittleinterestwhenfirstreleased发行,andbythetimeitwaschampionedonamusicchart...Hereleasedhisfirstsingle,LookAtMeNowin
1962...hehadmoresuccessasasongwriterthanasasingerwhenhesanghishitsongTheLoveWeHadStaysonMyMindin
1971...In
1983...HegotasteadyjobattheUniversityofChicagoanddidnottouchaguitarforyears.”可知应该选择B项答案B8.TerryCallierleavehiscareerinmusicin1983becausehe________.A.wasofferedabetterjobinChicagocollegeB.hadtoaccepthiswifesadviceC.wantedtotakecareofhisdaughterD.lostinterestinsingingandwritingsongs解析细节判断题根据最后一段第一句“In1983heabandonedmusicpletelytoattendhis12-year-olddaughteraftersplittingupwithhiswife.”可知应该选择C答案C9.WhatcanwelearnaboutCallierfromthelastparagraphA.Hereachedahigherpeakinhismusiccareer.B.SomeDJshelpedhimtowritenewsongs.C.Hedecidedtogiveuphisfamilyformusic.D.Hissongswereonlysuitableinclubs.解析细节理解题根据文章最后一句“whichbroughthimmoreapplausesthanhehadeverexperienced”可知应该选择A答案AⅡ.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容不多于3个单词或括号内单词的正确形式Itwasadreadfullycoldandcloudyafternoon.Iwasonthebuswithmychildrenagedfourandtwoheadinghomewhenitstartedtorain.Irealizedthiswouldmeanawetwalkhome__10__thebusstop.__11__myhousewasmerelytwoblocksawayitwasnotapleasantwalkwithonesmallboyasleepinthepram手推婴儿车theotheroneinaraincoatandnoumbrellaformyself.Apickuptruckpassedusontheroad.Itriedtothumbaridebutfailed.Mylittleboywokeupwithastartandbegantocry.I__12__convincethatthingsmightbeeworseandnobodywouldbothertohelponsuchaterribleday.Afewminuteslater__13__truckdrovebybuttomysurpriseIsawit__14__pullbackandthedriverlookingdirectlyatus.Ayoungmanputthewindowdown.“Heyheresanumbrellaforyoupleasetake__15__.”Hecalledout.Istoodthere__16__astonishbarelybelievingthattheman__17__existencewasunknowntomeonlymomentsagocouldbeso__18__consider.“eongivethistoyourmummy,”hesaidtomyolderson.Iacceptedtheofferandexpressedmygratitudetohim.Thismanmighthaveneededtheumbrellaforhimselflaterduringthedaybutpreferredtogiveittome.Itwasalessontome__19__itspossibletogivewithoutexpectinganythinginreturn.10._______
11._______
12._______
13._______ 14._______
15._______
16._______
17._______ 18._______
19._______[文章大意]冒雨回家的母子,得到了一位好心司机的帮助他把自己的雨伞给了挨淋的母亲10.解析考查介词的用法由句意可知她们将冒雨从车站走回家答案from11.解析考查连词的用法由句意可知此处填入连词构成让步状语从句答案Although/Though/While12.解析考查动词的用法beconvincedadj.of坚信;深信答案wasconvinced13.解析考查代词的用法由上文可知此处应用another另一个答案another14.解析考查非谓语动词seesb./sth.doing结构中分词作宾补答案pulling15.解析考查代词的用法用it指代上文的“anumbrella”答案it16.解析考查形容词的用法此处用形容词astonished作状语,说明主语的状态答案astonished17.解析考查定语从句先行词为“man”,从句中少定语,故用whose答案whose18.解析考查词形变化此处用considerate体贴的;考虑周到的答案considerate19.解析考查名词性从句用that引出同位语从句答案thatⅢ.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项HowtoBeConfidentxx·河北模拟Weareallhumanandhaveweaknesses.Evenifyourphysicalappearanceorsocialskillsarentwhatyouwishtheywere,thatdoesnthavetostopyoufrombeingconfident.__20__1.Makealistofspecialtalentsyouhave,orthingsyoudothataregood—morallyorotherwise.Itdoesnthavetobeaspecificskill;itcanbeanapproachoranattitudethatyouholdthroughlife.__21__AreyouverypatientwithpeopleDoyoualwaysseethehumoroussideofthingsAreyoualwaysthereforyourfriends2.__22__Whenyoufeelstronglyaboutsomething,speakloudlyandclearlyandmakeeyecontactwithpeople.Peoplewilljudgeyouallthetime,andusuallytheyllmisjudgeyouanyway,sowhybothertryingtoliveuptotheiropinionsatall3.Takecareofyourself.Eatahealthydietandgetenoughexercise.Dontabuseyourbody,dontoverloadit,anddontdenyitanyofthethingsitneeds.Atthesametime,dontobsess沉迷.__23__Thosethingsareonlybandaidsandmakeup.Confidenceesfromwithin.Inordertobeconfident,youmustvalueyourselfandunderstandthatyourwellbeingisimportant.4.Improveyourposture.__24__Dontdropyourshoulders.Makesurethatyourbackisstraight,yourshouldersaresquare,andyourcheststicksoutslightlybutstayloose,otherwiseyoullappearstubbornandnervous.Goodposturealsohelpswithdeepbreathing,whichhelpswithfeelingcalmandrelaxed.A.Butsmilingatyourselfinthemirrorhelpsyoutoloveyourself,thusmakingyouabitmoreconfident.B.Buyingallthemoisturizers润肤霜,creamswillnotbringyouclosertowhoyouwanttobe.C.Itissurprisinghowpowerfulthesimplestepoftakingactioncanbe.D.Doyoualwaysstaycalm,coolandcollected,eveninhurriedsituationsE.Havinggoodposturecanactuallymakeyoufeelmoreconfident.F.Knowthatyouhaveimportantthingstosayanddo.G.Hereshowtobelieveinyourself.答案
20.G
21.D
22.F
23.B
24.E。