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Unit1HowcanwebeegoodlearnersSectionA3GrammarFocus—4cStep1FreetalkTalkaboutthewaysyoulearnothersubjects.Youcanusethefollowingphrasesandsentences.HowdoyoulearnChinese/math/physics/chemistryDoyoulearnhistoryandgeographyby___________Step24aAnswerthequestions.Thenmatchthequestionsandanswers.
1.Howdoyoupracticespeaking
2.Howdoyoulearnnewwords
3.Howdoyouimproveyourwriting
4.Howdoyoupracticelistening
5.Howdoyouimproveyourpronunciation
6.Howdoyoulearngrammara.BywatchingEnglishprograms.b.Bylisteningtoatapeandrepeatingoutloud.c.Byhavingconversationswithfriends.d.Bytakingnotesdoingexercisesandreadingalot.e.Bymakingwordcards.f.Bywritinge-mailstomypenpals.Step34bpletethesestatements.Useinformationthatistrueforyou.matchphysicschemistryChinesehistorygeographye.g.IusuallypracticemyEnglishbytakingnotes/readingbooksandnewspapers/speakingEnglishwithmyclassmates/memorizingsentencepatterns.a.Iusuallypracticemymathby______.b.Iusuallypracticemyphysicsby_______.c.Iusuallypracticemychemistryby____.d.IusuallypracticemyChineseby_____.e.Iusuallypracticemyhistoryandgeographyby________.Step44cCheckwhatyoudotolearnEnglish.Theninterviewyourpartner.A:DoyoulearnEnglishbydoinggrammarexercisesB:YesIdo.A:HowoftendoyoudothemB:…IlearnEnglishby…MypartnerlearnsEnglishby…yesnohowoftenyesnohowoftendoinggrammarexercises.takingnotesinEnglish.readingEnglishmagazines.keepingadiaryinEnglish.usinganEnglishdictionary.…Step5GrammarHowdoyoulearnEnglishIlearnbystudyingwithagroup.DoyoulearnEnglishbyreadingaloudYes1do.Ithelpsmypronunciation.HowcanIreadfasterYoucanreadfasterbyreadingwordgroups.HowcanIimprovemypronunciationOnewayisbylisteningtotapes.动名词定义:它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式基本形式:V-ing作用:动名词具有名词的性质,在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等动名词的基本用法
1.用作主语所表动作比较抽象,或者泛指习惯性的动作e.g.Playingwithfireisdangerous.注意动名词做主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末这种用法在习惯句型中常用1Itisnouse/good/useless+doing…2Itisawasteoftime+doing…3Itisfun+doing…在以上结构中常用动名词作主语e.g.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收)Thereisnojokingaboutthematter.Itisfunplayingwithchildren.和孩子们一起玩真好
2.用作宾语1作动词的宾语常见的此类动词有practiseenjoyfinishgiveupcannothelpkeepkeeponmindmissputoffdependonthinkaboutsucceedinworryaboutbeusedtogetusedtolookforwardtopayattentionto等e.g.HowdoyoupracticespeakingIhavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.2作介词的宾语
1.IlearnEnglishbydoinggrammarexercises.
2.Shallwehavearestorgetdowntodoingourwork
3.Hewaslateagainbecauseofgettinguplate.
4.Lockthedoorsandwindowsbeforegoingout.
5.What/Howaboutthetwoofusplayinggames?活学活用
1.Shecan’thelp________cryafter_________hearthebadnews.
2.Doyoufeellike_______haveabreak3既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有rememberforgetregretmeantry等,但表达的意义不同e.g.Irememberseeingheratthehotel.我记得在宾馆见过她动作发生了Iwillremembertoseeheratthehotel.我记着要去宾馆见她动作尚未发生remember/forget/regrettodo动作尚未发生doing动作已经发生trytodo设法、努力去做,尽力doing试试去做(看有何结果)meantodo打算做(主语一般是人)doing意味着(主语一般是物)regrettodo对将要做的事抱歉doing对已经发生的事感到后悔stoptodo停下去做另外一件事doing停止做手头的事情
3.作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置e.g.Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.动名词有时态和语态的变化动名词的时态和语态的基本形式(以write为例)时态语态一般时完成时主动语态writinghavingwritten被动语态beingwrittenhavingbeenwritten注意动名词的否定形式是notwriting动名词的复合结构动名词的逻辑主语+动名词=动名词的复合结构Wouldyoumind_____(我开窗户吗)?Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindowmy/me称为动名词的逻辑主语Ican’tunderstandJack/Jack’sleavinghiswife.Ican’tunderstandhis/himleavinghiswife.Jack’s/Hisleavinghiswifeisunbelievable.Step6Exercises
1.Mywatchneeds________butIhavenotimetogototowntohaveit_______.A.torepair;repairedB.toberepaired;repairingC.repairing;repairedD.beingrepaired;repaired
2.Youshouldapologizetoyoursisterfor_____herthetruth.A.tellingB.nottellingC.tellingnotD.nottell
3.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---OhIforgot___________itoff.A.turningB.turnC.toturnD.havingturned
4.Hearingthebadnewsthemothercouldn’thelp________.A.tocryB.cryingC.cryD.cries
5.Ourteachertoldustospendsometime_______Englisheveryday.A.topractisespeakingB.practisingspeakingC.topractisetospeakD.practisingtospeak
6.Itisnouse_______withoutdoing.A.topromiseB.promisingC.promiseD.tobepromisedStep7HomeworkWriteashortpositionabouthowtolearnEnglish.。