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2019-2020年高考英语一轮阅读理解精品训练题
(18)(含解析)Ifyouwereapilotflyingaplaneandsuddenlytheenginefailedwouldyoueject跳出orstayinForapilotthechoiceisverydifficult.Ifheejectsheissafebuttheplanecrashes.Ifhestaysintheplaneheriskshislife.RecentlyChineseAirForcepilotLiFeng38facedthischoiceduringatrainingexercise.ItwasMarch7andhewasflyingaJian-10Fighter-10at4500meters.Awarningappearedontheplane’sputerscreen.Herealizedtheplanemightfailatanymoment.LiFengdidaquickcheckoftheengineandaskedthebaseifhecouldreturn.Whenthefighterwas7kmawayfromtheairporthowevertheenginestoppedworking.Theplanebegantofallataspeedof25metersasecondatanaltitudeof1160meters.UnderAirForcerulesfighterpilotsmayejectiftheiraircraftlosesenginepowerbelow2000metersandcantberestarted.BeforeLilostcontactwiththecontroltowerthemanderintheairbaseaskedhimtoeject.ButLiFenginsistedonhavinganothertry.“IknewwherethedeadlinetogiveuptheaircraftwasandwaspreparedfortheejectionbutIdecidednottogiveupunlessthefighterwastotallyoutofcontrol”Lirecalled(回忆)duringarecenttelevisioninterview.After104secondsLiwasabletobringthefightertoasafelanding.Theplaneonlysufferedslightdamage.“Youareahero!Congratulations!”ListeacherXuYonglingwroteinatextmessagetohimafterthelanding.HesaidLiwasacool-headedpilotandveryprofessional专业的.Lisbraveandcalmactnotonlysavedthe200millionyuanaircraftbutalsogavehiminvaluablefirst-handexperienceofdealingwithanengineemergency紧急情况.ForhisoutstandingperformancetheAirForcerecentlyawardedhimagoldmedal.
67.WhentheenginestoppedworkingLiFeng.A.wasflyingaJian-10at4500metersB.sawawarningappearontheplanesputerscreenC.decidednottogiveuptheplaneD.wasaskedtostayinbutheejected
68.Whenthefighterplanelosesenginepowerbelow2000meters.A.pilotsmustrestartitassoonaspossibleB.pilotsshouldrepairitassoonaspossibleC.pilotsmayejectforsafetyD.pilotsshouldbringittoasafelanding
69.AccordingtothepassagewhatkindofpersonisLiFengA.Heiscool-headed.B.Heisconfident.C.Heisfearlessandcoolunderpressure.D.Alloftheabove.
70.WhatisthebesttitleforthepassageA.FlyingtheFighterCorrectlyB.WhentoGiveuptheAircraftC.HowtoDealwithanEngineEmergencyD.BringtheFightertoaSafeLanding**********************************************************结束xx·山东卷,DSincethe1970sscientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithputers.BrainputerinterfaceBCItechnologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendmandstomachines.RecentlytworesearchersJoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanneSwitzerlanddemonstrated展示asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyapersonsthoughts.InthelaboratoryTavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord脊髓tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletomunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp头皮andsendsthemtoaputer.Theputerinterpretsthesignalsandmandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelptheputerreacttomandsfromthebrain.Prof.Millantheteamleadersaysscientistskeepimprovingtheputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplemands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:municationandcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatientssoastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法,从而帮助残疾人大脑与电脑连接技术,可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置,如轮椅12.BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A.helptoupdateputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithputersC.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlapersonsthoughts答案B细节理解题根据短文第一段可知,科学家寻找把人的大脑与电脑连接起来的方法,这一方法也即大脑与电脑连接技术,帮助残疾人向机器发送信号,由此可知B项正确
13.HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratoryA.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.Bytalkingtothemachine.C.Bymovinghishand.D.Byusinghismind.答案D细节理解题根据短文第三段可知,Tavella通过思考来推动轮椅,用思想来指导轮椅,故D项正确
14.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5A.scalp→puter→cap→wheelchairB.puter→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.scalp→cap→puter→wheelchairD.cap→puter→scalp→wheelchair答案C顺序排列题,根据第五段的
二、三句话可知,头皮把信号传递给帽子,帽子再把信号传递给电脑,电脑再传译信号,并指令轮椅,由此可知C项正确
15.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothemC.makethemlivelonger2D.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition答案B细节理解题根据短文最后一段第二句话可知,他们用真正的病人做实验,是为了证明这是一项他们能受益的技术,故B项正确
16.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetextA.SwitzerlandtheBCIResearchCenterB.NewFindingsaboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries答案C主旨大意题本文主要讲述了BCI技术能够帮助残疾人,使他们通过思考就能操作一些设备装置,这样他们就有更多的自由,由此可知C项正确xx·福建卷,ETheinternetwillopenupnewvistas前景,createtheglobalvillage—youcanmakenewfriendsallaroundtheworld.That,atleastiswhatitpromisedus.Thedifficultyisthatitdidnottakethehumanmindintoaccount.Therealityisthatwecannotkeeprelationshipwithmorethanalimitednumberofpeople.Nomatterhowhardtheinternettriestoputyouinmunicationitsbesteffortswillbedefeatedbyyourmind.Theproblemistwofold双重的.Firstthereisalimitonthenumberofpeoplewecanholdinmindandhaveameaningfulrelationshipwith.Thatnumberisabout150andissetbythesizeofourbrain.Secondthequalityofyourrelationshipsdependsontheamountoftimeyouinvest投入inthem.Weinvestalotinasmallnumberofpeopleandthendistributewhatsleftamongasmanyothersaswecan.Theproblemisthatifweinvestlittletimeinapersonourengagementwiththatpersonwilldecline减弱untileventuallyitdiesinto“someoneIonceknew”.Thisisnotofcoursetosaythattheinternetdoesntserveasociallyvaluablefunction.Ofcourseitdoes.Butthequestionisnotthatitallowsyoutoincreasethesizeofyoursocialcircletoincludetherestoftheworldbutthatyoucankeepyourrelationshipswithyourexistingfriendsgoingeventhoughyouhavetomovetotheothersideoftheworld.Inonesensethatsagoodthing.Butitalsohasadisadvantage.Ifyoucontinuetoinvestinyouroldfriendseventhoughyoucannolongerseethemthencertainlyyouarentusingyourtimetomakenewfriendswhereyounowlive.AndIsuspectthatprobablyisntthebestuseofyourtime.Meaningfulrelationshipsareaboutbeingabletomunicatewitheachotherfacetoface.Theinternetwillslowdowntheratewithwhichrelationshipsendbutitwontstopthathappeningeventually.一般认为网络在让人与人交流方面起到了非常重要的作用而本文作者对此却持怀疑态度他认为网络在加强人与人之间的关系方面并没有起到应有的作用17.WhatisstressedinthefirstparagraphA.Thepresentsituationoftheinternet.B.Thedifficultyinmunicationontheinternet.C.Thesociallyvaluablefunctionoftheinternet.D.Theroleofthehumanmindintheinternetmunication.答案D主旨大意题由文章第一段特别是最后一句“Nomatterhowhardtheinternettriestoputyouinmunication,itsbesteffortswillbedefeatedbyyourmind.”可知人类思维在网络交流中起到举足轻重的作用,故D项正确18.Theunderlinedword“engagement”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans“______”.A.appointmentB.connectionC.interviewD.agreement答案B词义猜测题句意为问题是如果我们在一个人身上花很少时间,我们跟这个人的联系将会减弱到“他只是一个曾经认识的人”,因此划线单词意为“联系,交往”19.Accordingtothepassagetheauthorholdstheviewthat______.A.theinternetfailstoplaysovaluablearoleinmunicationasitpromisedB.theinternetdeterminesthequalityofsocialrelationshipsC.theinternetgreatlyincreasesthesizeofsocialcirclesD.theinternetmunicationisnolesseffectivethanthefacetofacetalk答案A推理判断题由文章的一些信息“Thisisnot,ofcourse,tosaythattheinternetdoesntserveasociallyvaluablefunction.以及Theinternetwillslowdowntheratewithwhichrelationshipsend,butitwontstopthathappeningeventually.”等可推知网络在人与人之间的交流上并没有起到应有的作用,故A项正确20.WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardstheuseoftheinternettostrengthenrelationshipsA.Heisuncertainaboutit.B.Heishopefulofit.C.Heapprovesofit.D.Hedoubtsit.答案D态度观点题通读全文可知,文章讲述了网络在人与人之间的交流方面并没有起到应有的作用,因此作者对网络在加强人与人之间关系方面持的是怀疑的态度,D项正确
(二)[xx·银川实验中学月考]CoconutCoconuttreescanbeseenalloverthetropicalcountrieseverywhereintheworld.Coconuttreesneedwarmweatherandproducegreencoconutswhicharefilledwithacolorlesscoconutjuice.Ifthecoconutisfreshinsidearealmostalljuiceandlittleflesh.Coconutmilkiswhiteincolorandisextractedfromcoconut.Greencoconutshavethesizeofasmallball.Theyhavetobeopenedontopwithaknife.Youwillgetthewholecoconutinfrontofyouandyoudrinkthecoconutjuicewithastraw吸管.Onceyoufinishyoucanasktocutthecoconutinpiecesandeatthefleshinside.DragonfruitDragonfruitsofficialnameisPitaya.Itsakindoffruitwhichisverytastefuldespiteitsoutsidelooks.Thepinkcoloredskinisnottobeeaten.Cutthefruitinhalfanduseaspoontoeatthegrayishflesh.Theblackseedscanbeeatenbuttheyarenotdigestible.Cempedak小木菠萝CempedakisanativekindofMalaysianfruit.ThetasteofthefruitissimilartotherelatedJackfruit波罗蜜withahintofDurian榴莲.Asweetmildandjuicyfleshsurroundsthepeanutlikeseedsinathicklayer.Theoutercoverofthefruitisslightlysticky.Cempedakcanbeeatenfresh.DurianDurianisoneofthosetropicalfruitsyouloveorhate.Iwasoncetoldthatthesmellofdurianisthe“smellofhell”thoughIcannotmentonthisasIhaveneverbeentohell!IwasalsotoldthatinmanypartsinIndonesiaMalaysiaandThaihotelsdurianisnotevenallowedbecauseofthesmell.HoweverdurianisaverypopulartropicalfruitinMalaysia.Durianiseasytorecognize.Theyarehugegreenbrownishfruitsusuallysoldatmarketsandontheroadside.Itisknownas“theKingofFruit”onthebasisofthefactthatithasmanyvitaminscalciumironandotherminerals.20.WhichofthefollowinghastheseedsthatcanbeeatenA.Coconut.B.Dragonfruit.C.Cempedak.D.Durian.21.Accordingtothepassagewecanlearnthat________.A.cempedakistheothernameofJackfruitB.thehomeofcempedakisMalaysiaC.cempedakhastheflavorofdurianD.cempedakhasasmoothcover22.InmanyMalaysiaandThaihotelswhyisduriannotevenallowedA.Becauseitcanmakeeatersaddicted.B.Becausethelocalgovernmentsforbidtheselling.C.Becauseithasasmellyflavor.D.Becauseitcanbeusedasaweapon.23.Whyisduriancalled“theKingofFruit”?A.Becauseitcontainsmanyvitaminsandminerals.B.Becauseitlooksstrong.C.Becauseithasastrangeflavor.D.Becauseallthepeoplelikeit.【要点综述】文章向我们介绍了几种水果,以及这些水果的营养价值以及弊端20.B 细节理解题分析全文可知,只有火龙果的种子可以吃,只是不易消化21.B 细节理解题分析Cempedak部分可知,这种水果原产地是马来西亚22.C 细节理解题分析Durian部分可知,榴莲由于具有奇特的臭味,在印度尼西亚,马来西亚和泰国的许多宾馆,这种水果是不允许出售的23.A 细节理解题分析Durian部分最后一句可知,榴莲之所以叫“水果之王”,因为它富含维生素,钙,铁等矿物质*********************************************************结束Axx·新课标卷,AWhenmilkarrivedonthedoorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960swehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5yearoldboyIcouldnttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcoursehedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheeseeggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourordermymotherwouldpenanote—“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthenthebuttermilkwouldmagically魔术般appear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouseforthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoorssothatthemilkwouldntfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentablehavingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigpaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilkthusmakingitdifficultformilkmentopete.Besidesmilkisforsaleeverywhereanditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.RecentlyanoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch门廊.Everysooftenmysonsfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhoodandofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.本文讲述了自己小时候与送奶人之间的故事Basille先生不仅是送奶的,而且和他的家人建立了密切的关系现在大公司开始大量生产奶,到处都有卖奶的,因此不再需要送奶服务,但作者很怀念以前的事情1.Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger________.A.toshowhismagicalpowerB.topayforthedeliveryC.tosatisfyhiscuriosityD.topleasehismother答案C推理判断题由短文第一段最后两句话可知“我一直盯着他腰带上的钱包,当Basille注意到这一点时,从里面拿了一枚硬币给了我”由此可知,是为了满足我的好奇心2.WhatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboyshouseA.Hewantedtohaveteathere.B.Hewasarespectableperson.C.Hewastreatedasafamilymember.D.Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.答案D推理判断题由短文第三段可知,我们与送奶人有密切的关系,他有我们家的钥匙,并不时来我们家休息、聊天、讲故事由此可推断我们一家人非常信任他3.WhydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexistA.Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.B.Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.C.Itsserviceisgettingpoor.D.Itisforbiddenbylaw.答案B推理判断题由短文倒数第二段可知,由于大公司生产大量的廉价奶,人们到处都可以买到,不再需要送奶的由此可知送奶业被挤出的市场4.WhydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkboxA.Hemissedthegoodolddays.B.Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D.Heplantedflowersinit.答案A细节理解题由短文最后一段可知,旧奶箱使他回想起来童年时代的记忆,因此他把这个旧奶箱带回家由此可知,他想念过去的美好日子。