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SectionⅣ LanguagePointsⅡLesson2Lesson3[语言基础自测]Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示,写出下列单词1.Whatsurprisedusmostwasthathedidntshowanyrespect尊重tohisparents.2.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches方法tothestudyofmathematics.3.Thereportblames归咎于poorsafetystandardsfortheaccident.4.Severalimportantlegalquestionsarose出现inthecontractnegotiations.5.Shewasalwaysdefending辩解herhusbandinfrontoftheirdaughter.6.Weonlyemployfemaleworkers.7.Hefailedinhisattempttotakecontrolofthepany.8.Sheclosedhereyesandpretendedtobeasleep.9.Columbusmadeanimportantcontributiontothediscoveryofthenewcontinent.10.Everyyear,newgraduatesareseekingforjobssuitableforthemselves.Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示,写出下列单词1.willingadj.愿意的,乐意的→unwillingadj.不愿意的2.employvt.雇用→employeen.雇员,受雇者→employern.雇主→employmentn.工作,职业,受雇3.defendvt.为……辩解;保卫→defencen.保卫,防御→defendern.防御者4.respectvt.尊敬,尊重→respectingprep.关于→respectfuladj.有礼貌的,恭敬的→respectableadj.体面的5.suitableadj.合适的→suitv.合适,适合[寻规律、巧记忆]un+adj.→adj.反v.+er./ee→n.人unusual不寻常的unfortunate不幸的unfortable不舒服的interviewer采访人,面试官interviewee被采访者,应试者trainer训练员trainee受训者Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1.infavourof 支持,赞同2.inpublic公共地3.aseriesof一系列的4.concentrateon专注于5.consistof由……组成6.standout突出,显眼7.makecontributionsto贡献8.participatein参加,参与9.aswellas也10.inpetitionwith与……竞争Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1.Hewasinpetitionwith10othersforthejob.2.Heistooembarrassedtogivehisviewsinpublic.3.Eachpartyshallconsistofnotlessthanten.4.Thebandarrangedforaseriesofconcerts.5.Imustconcentrateonmyworknow.[寻规律、巧记忆]in+n.+of→介词短语consist+prep.→动词短语insearchof寻找inmemoryof为了纪念inhonourof为向……表示敬意consistof由……组成consistin在于;存在于consistwith与……一致Ⅴ.经典句式仿写背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实
1.Itislikelytobejustthenameofapany,partofwhichmaybeagenerallocation.它很可能仅是一个公司的名称,其中可能含有公司的大概位置belikelytodosth.意为“可能做某事”他很可能是我的一位老朋友,我记不清了Heislikelytobeoneofmyoldfriends;Icantrememberclearly.
2.Thetopadvertisersoftodaybelievethatusinghumouraswellasnewandunusualideastosurprisepeopleisimportantinmodernadvertisements.当今的顶级广告商认为,在现代广告中运用既出其不意、新颖独特又幽默的创意很重要aswellas用作介词,意思是“除……之外还有……”,后面通常接名词或动名词他和他的同学都喜欢流行音乐Heaswellashisclassmatesisfondofpopmusic.
3.However,notalladvertisingisaboutsellingproductsandservicesforaprofit.然而,并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和服务notall...意为“并非所有的……都”,表示部分否定根据一项调查发现,并非所有的人都喜欢那个演员的作品Noteveryonelikesthatactorsworksaccordingtoasurvey.[核心要点探究]blamevt.责怪,归咎于n.过失;责备教材P
24...isoftenblamedforencouragingthepaparazzi.……经常因鼓励猎奇名流的摄影记者受到责备1blamesb.forsth. 因某事责怪某人;责怪某人某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎到某人身上betoblameforsth.对某事应负责任;应受谴责2accept/bear/taketheblameforsth.对某事负责任put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人
①TheyblamedthefailureonTom.他们把失败归咎于汤姆
②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorningandputtheblameonthealarmclock.许多人早上起不来床,转而责怪闹钟
③Sheblamedhimforthefailureoftheirmarriage.她把婚姻的失败归咎于他
④Hewastoblamefortheaccidentandwasreallyblamedforit.blame他应该为这次事故受责备,也确实受到了责备[名师点津] toblame在作表语、定语的时候,用主动形式表示被动含义pretendvt.假装教材P24Pretendingtobearepairmantogetintothehouseofafilmstarandtakepicturesofherdailylife.假装成为一名修理工,进入一个电影明星的房子,拍摄她日常生活的照片pretend
①Hedidntwanttoanalysethedatasohepretendedtobeill.他不想分析那些数据,所以他假装生病了
②Hepretendedtobedoingdohislessonswhenhismothercamein.母亲进来的时候,他假装正在做功课
③Shepretendedthatshedidntknowmewhenwemetinthestreet.=Shepretendednottoknownotknowmewhenwemetinthestreet.我在街上见到她时,她装作不认识我[名师点津] pretendtodo的否定形式为pretendnottodo假装没做某事respectvt.尊敬,尊重n.尊敬,敬意;细节,方面教材P25Themediashouldrespectfamouspeoplesprivacy.媒体应该尊重名人的隐私1respectsb.forsth. 因某事而尊敬某人respectsb.as尊敬某人为……2show/haverespectforsb.尊重某人withrespect尊敬地inthis/thatrespect在这/那一方面
①Weshouldshowrespectforourparents.我们应该尊敬父母
②Shehasalwaysbeenhonestwithme,andIrespectherforthis.她对我一直很真诚,我非常敬重她这一点
③Itisworthrememberingthatchildrentendtocopytheirparentsinthisrespect.值得记住的是孩子们在这一方面往往会效仿父母教材P26Itislikelytobejustthenameofapany,partofwhichmaybeagenerallocation.它很可能仅是公司的名称,其中可能含有公司的大概位置【要点提炼】 句中Itislikelytodo...表示“很可能……”,其中likely是形容词,表示“很可能的”……很可能……
①Itislikelythathewillattendthemeeting.=Heislikelytoattendattendthemeeting.他很可能会出席会议[明辨异同] likely/probable/possible易混词语气强弱主语常用句型likely语气较possible强,较probable弱,表示“十有五六”的,可能性作表语时,主语为人、物或形式主语itbelikelytodosth.Itislikelythat...probable语气最强,表示“十有八九的可能性”作表语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语一般为that引导的从句Itisprobablethat...possible语气最弱,表示“十有二三的可能性”作表语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语一般为不定式或that引导的从句Itispossibleforsb.todosth.Itispossiblethat... likely/probable/possible
②Itispossibleformetochangejobs,butIamnotsure.
③Imlikelytobeverybusytomorrow.
④Itisprobable/likely/possiblethathewillsetaworldrecord.suitableadj.合适的,适当的教材P26However,thiskindofadvertisingmightnotbesuitablewhenthereareproductsandservicesindirectpetitionwitheachotherinthemarketplace.然而,当产品和服务在市场上互相进行直接竞争时,这种广告可能就不适合了1besuitableforsb./sth. 适合于某人/某物besuitabletodosth.适合做某事2suitvt.使适合suit...to...使……适合于……
①Ithinkthisplaceissuitableforyoutosellsouvenirstotourists.我认为这个地方适合你卖纪念品给游客
②Thiskindofacmodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitableforthelongstaystudent.这种住宿方式提供独立的生活方式,它更适合于长期居住的学生
③Agoodteachersuitshislessonstotheageofhispupils.一位优秀的老师应使他讲的课适合学生的年龄consistof由……组成教材P26Someadvertisementsconsistofpicturesorthewordsofexpertstoshowpeoplehowgoodtheproductsare.有些广告中含有图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好1consistin 本质在于……;存在于……consistwith与……一致2consistentadj.前后一致的;相符的beconsistentin在……方面一致beconsistentwith与……一致,符合
①Happinessconsistsinhealth.幸福在于健康
②你现在说的话与上星期你说的不相符Whatyouresayingnowisnotconsistentwithwhatyousaidlastweek.[名师点津] consistof不用被动语态,不用进行时态,常用现在分词形式作定语approachn.方法,方式vi.靠近,走近;处理;找……商量教材P26Formanyoftodaysadvertisersrepeatingoldideasisnotasuccessfulapproach.对当今很多广告设计者来说,重复旧的理念已不是有效的办法atonesapproach 某人一接近makeapproachestosb.设法接近某人anapproachto...解决……的方法,通往……的道路to是介词withtheapproachof随着……的来临临近
①Atherapproachthechildrenranoff.她走近的时候,孩子们跑了
②Ilikeherapproachtotheproblem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法
③Imnotgoodatmakingapproachesapproachtostrangers.我不善于接近陌生人[名师点津] 我们学过的表示“用这种方法”的表达还有withthismethod,inthisway,bythismeans等教材P26Thetopadvertisersoftodaybelievethatusinghumouraswellasnewandunusualideastosurprisepeopleisimportantinmodernadvertisements.当今的顶级广告商认为,在现代广告中运用既出其不意、新颖独特又幽默的创意很重要【要点提炼】 句中aswellas连接两个名词humour和ideas,作动名词using的宾语1aswellas意为“和,也,不但……而且……,既……又……”,用于连接平行结构连接动词时其后面常用动名词,尤其是位于句首时它连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词与aswellas前的成分在人称和数上保持一致2aswellas表示同级比较,意为“和……一样好”,此时是as...as...结构
①Aswellasbreakinghisleg,hehurthisarm.他不但摔断了腿,而且还伤了胳膊
②LiNaspeaksEnglishaswellasanativespeaker.李娜英语说得与以英语为母语的人一样好
③Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,wasinvitedinvitetoperformattheopeningceremony.那位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在开幕式上演出[名师点津] 1与aswellas连接并列成分作主语用法类似的还有alongwith,with,besides,but,except,ratherthan等2aswell表示“也”,通常位于句尾,相当于too教材P26However,notalladvertisingisaboutsellingproductsandservicesforaprofit.然而,并非所有的广告都是为了盈利而推销产品和服务【要点提炼】 句中notall为部分否定1某些表示全体意义的代词、形容词、副词与not连用表示部分否定,如代词all,both和形容词whole,every等所修饰的名词词组,包括every所构成的复合代词某些副词如altogether,always,entirely,wholly,quite等也是2英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表否定意义的词组与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”
①OurEnglishteacherisexcellent,butshecanthelpeveryoneintheclassin50minutes.我们的英语老师非常优秀,但她不能在50分钟内帮助每一个人
②Therichmenarenotalwayshappy.有钱的人并非总是幸福的
③Noneofthebooksareusefultousforthemoment.这些书对我们暂时都没用
④NeitherofthemcanspeakEnglish.他们俩都不会讲英语contributionn.贡献,捐助教材P26Somecontemporaryadvertisementsmainlyaimtomakecontributionstosociety.目前有些广告致力于为社会做贡献1makecontributions/acontributionto 为……做贡献;捐助2contributev.捐献,捐款,贡献;有助于;促成;投稿contributeto有助于;促成;投稿contribute...to...向……捐款/提供……
①Aproperamountofexercisecontributestogoodhealth.适当的运动量有助于健康
②Hehasmadegreatcontributionstothecitydevelopment.他为城市发展做出了巨大的贡献
③Hecontributed5,000dollarstothedisasterhitareas.他给灾区捐了5000美元[巧学助记] Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy,whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.许多人给这个可怜的男孩捐钱,这使他重新回到了学校一位作家写了一篇关于此事的新闻报道并把它投到了报社arisevi.发生,出现;起身;起床教材P115Couldyoutellushowtheproblemarose你能告诉我们问题是怎么出现的吗? 写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeinghismotherreturnhome,theboyarosefromhischairimmediately.起身
②Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.出现
③Theyaroseatsunrisetogetanearlystarttothepark.起床arisefrom/outof=resultfrom产生于,起因于
④Accidentsoftenarisefrom/outofcarelessness.事故常起因于粗心[明辨异同] arise/rise/raise/arouse原形过去式过去分词释义arisevi.arosearisen出现;起身risevi.roserisen升起,升高;站起,起床raisevt.raisedraised举起,抬起arousevt.arousedaroused唤起 用arise/rise/raise/arouse的适当形式填空
⑤Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
⑥Sherose/arosetogreetherguests.
⑦Heraisedhishandinorderthatthetaximightstop.
⑧Thenoisearousedthesleepingguard.employvt.雇用;使用;使忙于教材P
115...payhighpricesforphotographsoffamouspeopletakenbytheseselfemployedphotographers.……给个体经营的摄影师拍摄的名人照片付高价1employsb.todosth. 雇用某人做某事employsth.todosth.利用某物做某事employoneselfin...=beemployedin...从事……;忙于2employer雇主employee雇员unemployment就业/失业
①Theyemployedhertolookafterthebaby.他们雇用她照料那个婴儿
②Youshouldemployyourmoneymorewiselytobuybuythingsbadlyneeded.你应该更明智地用你的钱来买最需要的东西
③Hewasbusilyemployedincleaningcleanhisshoes.他正忙着擦他的鞋子
④Howlonghasshebeeninyouremploymentemploy她被你雇用多长时间了?attemptv.n.尝试,试图,努力教材P115Butsometimes,thepaparazzigotoofarintheirattempttogetthebestphotographs.有时候,猎奇名流的新闻记者想要得到最好的摄影作品会走的很远1attempttodosth.=makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth. 试图做某事inanattempttodosth.试图做某事atthefirstattempt第一次尝试2attemptedadj.未遂的;意图的anattemptedsuicide/murder自杀/谋杀未遂
①Theprisonermadeanattempttoescape.囚犯妄图逃跑
②Twofactorieswereclosedinanattempttocutcutcosts.为了削减费用,两家工厂被关闭了
③Ipassedmydrivingtestatthefirstattempt.我考驾驶执照时,一次就通过了[名师点津] attempttodosth.相当于trytodosth.,意为“尽力做……”,但不一定成功;而succeedindoingsth./managetodosth.意为“成功地做某事”defendvt.为……辩解;保卫教材P115ButIknowtherearepeoplewhodefendthepaparazzi.但我知道有人会为猎奇名流的新闻记者辩护1defend...against/from... 保护……不受……defendsb./oneself/sth.from/against...为……辩解2defencen.保卫;辩护indefenceof...为……申辩,为了保卫……
①Theydefendtheircountryagainst/fromenemies.他们保卫自己的国家不受敌人侵犯
②Shedefendedherselfshesuccessfullyinthecourt.她在法庭上成功地为自己进行了辩护
③Shespokeindefencedefendofherreligiousbeliefs.她为其宗教信仰辩护infavourof支持,赞同;有利于教材P115Sincethen,thelawandthepublicopinionhavebeenlessinfavourofthepaparazziandtheirjob.自那以后,法律和公众舆论就已经对猎奇名流的新闻记者及他们的工作很少支持了1favourn.赞同;恩惠vt.喜爱;有利于inonesfavour对某人有利asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb.求某人帮忙dosb.afavour=doafavourforsb.帮某人忙2favouriteadj.最喜爱的favourableadj.赞同的;顺利的,有利的
①DomeafavourandturntheradiodownwhileImonthephonewillyou劳驾,我打电话时,你能把收音机的声音调小点儿吗?
②Theexchangerateisinourusfavourtoday.今天的兑换率对我们有利
③CouldIaskafavourWouldyoupickmysonupattheschoolgate请你帮我个忙去学校门口接我儿子好吗?
④Sucheventsoccuronlywhentheexternalconditionsarefavourablefavour.这种事情只有在外部条件有利时才会发生[解构长句难句]1.Forexample,itcouldbe“ShanghaiSewingMachine”or“TsingTaoBeerCorporation”,andyouwouldknowwhatthepaniessell,wheretheyarelocated,andthebrandnames.【分析】 本句是由and连接的两个并列句在后一个分句中,又包含着what引导的宾语从句和where引导的宾语从句【翻译】 例如,一则广告可能是“上海缝纫机厂”或“青岛啤酒厂”,你一看就知道它们卖什么,位置在哪里,是什么牌子2.Modernadvertisementsmuststandoutinaworldfullofpetitionbybiningthehigheststandardsofdesignwithideaslinkedtotheproductstomakethemmoreattractive.【分析】 本句是一个结构复杂的较长的简单句fullofpetition是形容词短语作后置定语,修饰aworld,意为“一个充满竞争的世界”;bybining...with...是介词短语作方式状语;linkedtotheproducts是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰ideas;tomakethemmoreattractive是不定式短语作目的状语【翻译】 现代的广告必须把最高水平的设计和产品理念相结合,以增强吸引力,这样才能在激烈的竞争中胜出[随堂效果落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Youarenotwhollytoblamefortheaccident.2.Thechildrenwereemployedinweedingweedthegarden.3.Themanagementismakingaseriousattempttoimproveimproveworkingconditions.4.Thefrankexchangeofviewscontributedtobetterunderstandingunderstand.5.Iknowanewapproachtothedifficultproblem.6.Happinessconsistsintryingtodoourduty.7.WhenIsawher,shepretendedtobesleepingsleep.8.Isthereanymanunwillingtofightindefencedefendofhiscountry9.Thehusbandaroseariseandlookedoutofthewindow.10.HeaswellasIiswillingtohelphelpyou.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Itislikethattherewillbeasnowstormtomorrow.like→likely2.Notallthestudentgoinfortabletennis.student→students3.Hehasmadegreatcontributiontothecitydevelopment.contribution→contributions4.English,aswellasChineseandmaths,areofgreatimportance.are→is5.Pleasesendthemmyrespectwhenyouwrite.respect→respects[语法专项突破]动名词[自主领悟]先观察原句后自主感悟
①Formanyoftodaysadvertisers,repeatingoldideasisnotasuccessfulapproach.
②Otherstrytocreateadvertisementsthatpeoplesimplyenjoylookingat.
③Theclassicadvertisementisonethatgivesinformationaboutfindingcertainproducts.
④...alotofmoneyisspendingonapplyingmoderntechniquesofdesigntomaketheseadvertisementsasvisuallyattractiveaspossible.
⑤...themainpurposeoftheadvertisementismakingcustomersspendmoney.
⑥Forexample,itcouldbe“ShanghaiSewingMachine”...
1.句
①为动名词作主语
2.句
②、句
③和句
④均是动名词作宾语,句
②中动名词作动词的宾语,句
③和句
④中动名词作介词的宾语
3.句
⑤中动名词作表语;句
⑥中动名词作定语,说明被修饰名词的用途[精要点拨]动词ing形式具有动词和名词的特点动词特点体现在可以有自己的宾语、状语、补足语,有时态和语态的变化;名词特点体现在可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语
一、动词ing形式的时态、语态和否定形态动词ing形式的时态有一般式和完成式;语态有主动式和被动式;动词ing形式的否定形式是直接在其前面加上not以及物动词do为例,列表说明如下语态时态 主动肯定式/否定式被动肯定式/否定式一般式doing/notdoingbeingdone/notbeingdone完成式havingdone/nothavingdonehavingbeendone/nothavingbeendone
1.一般式表示与谓语动词的动作同时或稍后发生;完成式表示动作先于谓语动词完成Doyoulikeplayingchess?你喜欢下棋吗?Shewaspleasedthattheteacherwasntangrywithherforhavingbeensocareless.她很高兴老师没有因为她的粗心而生气2.语态主要看与逻辑主语的关系如果逻辑主语是动词ing形式动作的执行者就用主动形式,是动词ing形式动作的承受者就用被动形式Whileshoppingpeoplesometimescanthelpbeingpersuadedintobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.购物时,人们有时会情不自禁地被说服买他们可能并不需要的东西3.否定形式是在动词ing形式前直接加上notImustapologizefornotlettingyouknowaheadoftime.我必须因没有提前告知你而向你道歉
二、动词ing的句子成分1.作主语TeachingEnglishinamiddleschoolismyfulltimejob.在中学教英语是我的专职工作InsomeArabiancountries,shakingonesheadfromsidetosidemeansagreement.在一些阿拉伯国家,摇头表示同意[名师点津] 动名词和不定式作主语的区别动名词动名词作主语通常表示经常性的、习惯性的动作不定式不定式作主语既可表示经常性的、习惯性的动作又可表示具体的、一次性的动作Lyingiswrong.撒谎不对Tolietoheriswrong.对她撒谎不对[温馨提示] 1动名词作主语后置的常用句型Itis/wasv.ingItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收2当句型“Thereisno...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时,需用动名词作主语Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑3单个动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式Plantingmanytreesisverygoodforourenvironment.植树对我们的环境非常有好处[即时演练1] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Readingreadaloudisagoodwayoflearningalanguage.
②AsfarasImconcerned,itsnogoodarguingarguewithhim.
③Makingfriendsplaysplayanimportantpartinourlife.2.作表语动名词作表语通常是对主语进行说明、解释这时主语和表语位置可以互换Hishobbyiswatchingfootballgames.=Watchingfootballgamesishishobby.他的爱好是看足球比赛[名师点津] 现在分词作表语相当于形容词的功能,说明主语的性质、特征,主语和表语的位置不可互换[温馨提示] 1动名词和不定式均可作表语,解释或说明主语的具体内容,两者常可换用Myjobislookingaftertheoldman.=Myjobistolookaftertheoldman.我的工作是照顾那位老人2在有些情况下,如果动词表示的是一个具体的、个别的动作,则多用不定式作表语;用动名词作表语侧重于主语本身的性质或状态Yourtasktodayistowashthecurtains.你今天的任务是洗窗帘指一次具体的工作Hisfavoritesportisswimming.他最喜欢的运动是游泳泛指游泳3.作宾语1admitappreciateavoidconsiderdelaydislikeenjoyescapeexcusefacefeellikefinishforgivegiveupimagineincludekeepmentionmindmisspractiseputoffresistrisksuggestcanthelp情不自禁,cantstand无法忍受等动词或词组后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式Whatenvironmentdoyouenjoyworkingin你喜欢在什么样的环境下工作?IfyouaskmeIthinkyoushouldgiveupsmoking.如果你问我,我认为你应该戒烟IcanthelplaughingeverytimeIthinkofthat.每次想起那件事,我就会忍不住笑起来2forgetremembermeanregretgoonstoptry等动词或词组后可用动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning.我忘记早上做过作业了Butwhatiftheyforgettolookattheircalendar但是,如果他们忘了看日历怎么办?IremembermeetingyouoneeveningattheCapitalTheatre.我记得有一天晚上在首都剧场遇到过你Imustremembertoreadthebook.我必须记得去读这本书3在动词allow,advise,forbid,permit,consider后直接跟动名词作宾语;如果后面有名词或代词作宾词,则用动词不定式作宾语补足语allow/permit/forbid/advise/considerSmokingisforbiddenheresowedontallowyoutosmoke.这里禁止吸烟,所以我们不允许你吸烟Wedontallowsmokinginthehall.我们不准有人在大厅内吸烟4动词need,require,want作“需要”,deserve作“应受,应得”解时,其后用动名词的主动形式doing或不定式的被动形式tobedone表被动意义beworth后用动名词的主动形式doing表示被动意义,而worthy则需用被动形式Thewindowneeds/requires/wants窗户需要擦一下Thisplaceis这个地方值得参观Theseproposalsdeserve这些建议值得考虑5短语devotetolookforwardtostickto,beusedtobebusyinhavedifficulty/trouble/problemin,haveagood/wonderful/hardtimeintheresnouse/good/needgetdownto等须要用动名词形式作宾语Welookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.我们盼望着很快能收到您的回信Ialwayshavedifficultyinpronouncingnewwords.在读生词时我总是遇到困难6lovehatepreferlike等动词后用动名词作宾语时指一般情况;跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为Ilikeswimming,butIpreferdiving.我喜欢游泳,但是更喜欢潜水Iprefertoworkratherthangoonaholidayattheseaside.我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假[记忆口诀] 巧记后接动名词作宾语的短语动词建议、考虑、坚持练,suggest,advise,consider,insiston,practise允许、想象、弃冒险,permit,allow,imagine,giveuprisk阻止、抵抗、否避开,prevent,resist,deny,escape不禁、介意、保持完,canthelp,mind,keep,finish承认、错过、欣喜欢admit,miss,appreciate,enjoy[即时演练2] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①—Thatwouldmeanwastingwastealotoflabour.—Really?Idontmeantowastewasteanylabour.
②Theyoungtreesweplantedlastweekrequirelooking/tobelookedlookafterwithgreatcare.
③Wecantimaginehersucceedingsucceedintheentranceexamination,forshehasneverbeentoschool.4.作定语动名词作定语,置于被修饰词之前,表示被修饰词的用途或性能Thereisalargeswimmingpoolinthegarden.thepoolforswimming花园里边有一个大的游泳池Thewritingtableismadeofexpensivewood.Thetableforwriting这张写字台是贵重木材做的awaitingroom=aroomforwaiting候车室,候诊室ahidingplace藏身之处 asailingboat帆船anoperatingtable手术台awateringcan水罐buildingmaterials建筑材料aguessinggame猜谜游戏abathingcap浴帽aweighingmachine称具,量具adressingroom更衣室drinkingwater饮用水[名师点津] 动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途或性能,与所修饰的名词之间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系;现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系Chinaisadevelopingcountry.相当于acountrywhichisdeveloping中国是一个发展中国家[即时演练3] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Todaytherearemoreairplanescarryingcarrymorepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.
②Theresanotepinnedtothedoorsayingsaywhentheshopwillopenagain.
③Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelfstandingstandinonecorner.
三、动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构指动名词前有其逻辑主语复合结构通常由“物主代词/人称代词宾格/名词所有格等+动名词”构成,通常在句中作主语和宾语,在句子开头时必须用物主代词或名词所有格Hisingmadeusveryhappy.他的到来使我们都很高兴Hewasawakenedbysomeonesknockingatthedoor.他被某人的敲门声吵醒了[应用落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Ignoringignorethedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.2.Hisarmwasnotinasling,andshowednosignofhavingbeendamageddamage.3.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithoutbeingrecognizedrecognize.4.Wewouldappreciatebeinginformedinformaboutthematterpromptly.5.HowmuchIhaveregrettednottakingnottakehisadvice!Ⅱ.单句改错1.Cheatonanexamruinsonescharacter.Cheat→Cheating2.Itisnousewaitforhimanylonger.wait→waiting3.Thevolleyballmatchwewatchedwasveryexcited.excited→exciting4.Wouldyoumindrangmeuptomorrow?rang→ringing5.Theybrokeinloudcheersonhearthenews.hear→hearing。