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Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld高考试卷分块专练Ⅰ.阅读理解AGoldenGateBridgeLocatedinSanFranciscotheGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin
1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957theGoldenGateBridgeatalengthof2737meterswasthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.BrooklynBridgeTheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStatesopenedintheyear
1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeWashingtonBridgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridgetheGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwolevelsuspensionbridge.MackinacBridgeThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8038meters.ThearchitectofthisbridgewasDr.DavidB.Steinmanwhodirectedtheconstructionofthebridgewhichstartedintheyear1954andopenedtothepublicin
1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoBridgeLocatedinArizonathisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927endingtwoyearslatercosting$
390000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin
1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥1.WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridgeA.Itconsistsoftwobridges.B.Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C.Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D.Ittakesabout4yearstopletetheconstruction.解析选D 推理判断题根据第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear
1933...thrownopentopublicin1937”可推知,金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年,故D项正确2.WhichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliestA.GoldenGateBridge.B.BrooklynBridge.C.GeorgeWashingtonBridge.D.NavajoBridge.解析选B 细节理解题由题干关键词“wasbuilttheearliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间;根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知,布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥,故B项正确3.WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridgeA.Havetopaysomemoney.B.Usethesecondbridge.C.Covernearly250meters.D.SeethestatueofDr.DavidB.Steinman.解析选A 细节理解题根据第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.”可知,使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱,故A项正确BManyyearsagowhenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildrenaged2and4wewerepracticallyimpecunious.Myinlawslivedfromhandtomouthsowedidntexpectanyhelpfromthem.MyparentslivedagreatdistanceawayandIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpickuptruckcarryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepersbutitwasconstantlybreakingdown.Ittookalmostallthemoneywehadtohaveitfixed.Thetruckwasalsotheonlymeansoftransportationforus.Welivedinthecountrysideandwealwaysusedthebackdoorbecausethedrivewayledtoit.OnewintereveningIsteppedoutsidetotakeabagoftrashtothebarrelandalmosttrippedoversomething.ItwasnearlydarkandIhadtobenddowntoseewhatitwas.Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.ItwasheavysoIcalledmyhusbandtocarryitintothehouse.Onceinsidewediscoveredtwoloavesofbreadsomebutterseveralcansofvegetablesacanoforangesauceandalargeturkey.TherewassomuchthatIcouldntrememberitallbutitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinner—everythingexceptpotatoes.AlittlewhilelaterIrememberedthatIhadnttakenthetrashtothebarrel.BynowitwasdarksoIhadtoturnontheyardlight—andthatswhenIspottedasmallbagofpotatoessittingontheporch.ThatdinnerwasthebestIcouldremember.Wewerentabletothankourdonatorsthoughbecauseweneverfoundoutwhohadbeensogenerousinhelpingastrugglingyoungfamily.Whoeveritwasweareforevergrateful.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文“我”和丈夫有两个孩子,很多年前,我们生活贫困,但羞于将处境告诉父母丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生一天晚上,“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物,那一餐令“我”终生难忘“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“impecunious”inParagraph1A.Generous. B.Harmonious.C.Penniless.D.Stubborn.解析选C 词义猜测题根据第一段最后一句“MyparentslivedagreatdistanceawayandIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.”可知,“我”的父母住在很远的地方,“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境;结合画线词所在句可知,我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻,据此可以推知,我们的日子过得相当贫穷,才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况据此可以判断,画线词意为“贫穷的”,故C项正确5.HowdidtheauthorshusbandsupportthefamilyA.Bystartingagarage.B.Bysellingfooddoortodoor.C.Bydeliveringgoods.D.Byworkingasashopassistant.解析选C 细节理解题根据第二段第一句的“Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpickuptruckcarryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers”可知,“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生,故C项正确6.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawthebasketA.Shewasannoyed.B.Shewasastonished.C.Shewasterrified.D.Shefeltasenseofrelief.解析选B 细节理解题根据第三段最后两句“Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.”可知,看到一篮子的食物,“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛;据此可以判断,作者很惊讶,故B项正确7.WhatmaybethebesttitleforthetextA.AhelpinghandintimeB.AstrugglingyoungcoupleC.AtaleofpotatoesD.Arewardfromastranger解析选A 标题归纳题通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子,生活贫困,但羞于将处境告诉父母丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生一天晚上,“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物,那一餐令“我”终生难忘“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人据此可以判断,A项最能概括文意,体现文章主旨,故A项正确CFollowingthecrowdmaynotalwaysbeinapersonsbestinterest.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.Scientistshaveknownthatclosefriendshipshelpboosthealth.Thatstrueforbothteensandadults.ThefindinginspiredJosephAllenapsychologistattheUniversityofVirginiaandhisteamtostudywhetherexperiencesduringteenyearswouldinfluenceadulthealth.Sotheyfollowed171teensstartingwhenthekidswerejust
13.Theyinterviewedeachoneeveryyearforfiveyearsandalsospoketotheseteensclosestfriendswhoprovidedadditionalinformationaboutthequalityoftheirfriendships.Thesame171peoplewereinterviewedagainatages2526and
27.Thistimethequestionssurveyedeachpersonsoverallhealth.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthedatatheyfoundastrongconnectionbetweenateensbehaviorandadulthealth.Teenswhohadclosefriendsgrewuptobethehealthieradults.Whetherteensheldbacktheirfeelingsorexpressedthemtoclosefriendsalsoinfluencedlaterhealth.Thosewhoheldbacktheirfeelingsweremorelikelytobesickasadults.Theconnectionheldupevenafterthescientistsaccountedforotherpossibleinfluencesonhealth.Weightfamilyineanddrugusewereallexamined.Sowerementalhealthissuessuchasanxietyanddepression.Andinthesepeoplesuchotherfactorsdidnotexplainadulthealthaswellasteenfriendshipsdid. GettingalongwiththecrowdmayhavebenefitssaysAllenbuttherearealsodrawbacks.Teenswhoaremoreindependenttendtodobetteratschoolandwork.Andpeerpressuremayleadsomekidstoengageinriskybehaviorsuchassmokingdrinkingorusingdrugs.DealingwithitisanongoingchallengeAllenacknowledges.“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldntloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”Andheadds“Parentsneedtobeunderstandingaboutthepressuresteensface.”语篇解读研究表明,与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比,有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康当然,与朋友相处也有坏处8.WherecanyouprobablyreadthispassageA.Sciencefiction.B.Healthcolumn.C.Fashionmagazine.D.Entertainmentnewspaper.解析选B 文章出处题通读全文可知,本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响据此可知,本文属于健康知识类文章,故可判断,本文可能选自“健康专栏”,故B项正确9.WecanlearnfromAllensstudythat________.A.manyotherfactorshaveagreaterinfluenceonadulthealththanteenfriendshipsB.mentalhealthissueshavenothingtodowithadulthealthC.thesame171teenswereinterviewedeachyearfrom13to27D.theteenswhocouldntexpressthemselvesgrewuptobeunhealthier解析选D 细节理解题根据第三段中的“Whetherteensheldback...sickasadults.”可知,青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康,那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康故D项正确10.AccordingtowhatAllensaidwecanknowthat________.A.inordertodobetteratschoolteensshouldnotfollowthecrowdB.thoughitschallengingforteenstodealwithpeerpressuretheyshouldnotgiveupC.teenswillengageinsmokingdrinkingorusingdrugswhenfacingpeerpressureD.parentsshouldunderstandtheirteensandstopthemgoingwithfriends解析选B 细节理解题根据最后一段内容可知,与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响,即周围同龄人带来的压力,这些压力会导致许多问题分析Allen的话“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldntloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”可以判断,青少年要应对这些压力,找到正确的平衡点是关键,不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气故选B11.WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageA.Thereisnothingbadforteenstofollowthecrowd.B.Closefriendshipsarethemostimportantforpeopleshealth.C.Teenfriendshipsmayhelpteensbeehealthieradults.D.Adulthealthisonlyinfluencedbyteenfriendships.解析选C 推理判断题根据文章第一段第二句“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.”可知,与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”,符合文章意思,故C项正确D2018·湖北省七市州联考ChristmasDayisforeatingdrinkingwatchingbadTV—andtryingtocoverupyourembarrassmentasyourealizeyourhusbandsauntMaudhasspentherpensiononyourpresentwhileyouboughtherasetofChristmascards.Presentbuyingcanbeaminefield:fromhowmuchtospendtowhethertorisksurprisingreceiverswithagifttheydontwanttoknowingifyoushouldbuyyourneighboryouonlysayhellotoalittlesomething.HereFEMAILhasaskedexpertsfortheirtoptipsonhowtoselectpresentto_ensure_the_only_thing_thats_red_this_Christmas_is_Santa_Claus_nose.“Ifyouvejuststartedseeingsomeoneyoudontneedtospendafortune,”saysdatingadvisorJamesPreece.“Itsmuchbettertoimpressthemwithyourimaginationbychoosingagiftthatsalittlebitdifferent.£20isabouttherightamountwithamaximumof£50ifyoucanaffordit.”“Oryoudontevenneedtogothatfar”,saysrelationshipexpertandfounderofBeLoveCurious.HelenRice.“Plantospendaromanticeveningtogetherorhaveafundayout.Feelfreetogivethepersonyouredatingsomethingthoughtfuljustdontspendalotofmoney.”“Ifyoureinalongtermrelationshipthenyourbudgetreallyreflectsonyourpersonalsituation,”addsJames.“Youdontneedtogocrazybutitsagreatopportunitytoshowyouloveandappreciatethem.”“Itsalsobesttobuyafewcheaperpresentsratherthanbigone.Partofthefunisthemysteryandunwrappingsoitwilllastlongerifyougivethemseveraltoenjoy.”语篇解读本文是一篇应用文圣诞节是西方一个盛大的节日,此刻给亲朋好友送去圣诞祝福也是非常重要的一种庆祝方式那么如何避免圣诞节送礼不当所产生的尴尬呢?一起来看看文章给我们的建议吧12.WhatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraphinthisarticleA.Toarresttheattentionofreaders.B.Tocriticizegreedofmeancouples.C.TodescribetraditionalcustomsofChristmasDay.D.Toexpresssympathiesforembarrassedseniorcitizens.解析选A 推理判断题根据第一段可知,在圣诞节那天,人们吃吃喝喝,看看没营养的电视剧——还要试图掩饰因送礼不当而产生的尴尬,如你丈夫的阿姨莫德用退休金给你买了贵重礼物,而你却只送了她一套圣诞卡下文紧接着讲买圣诞节礼物是件很棘手的事情,并为此提出了建议由此可知,第一段通过假设点明问题,从而吸引读者的注意力故A项正确13.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3implyA.ToaccumulateredsymbolsforChristmasatmosphere.B.Tocalculatehowmuchpainttheyneedtodecoratethehouse.C.Tosurprisetheirfriendswiththeirdelicateintention.D.Toavoidunnecessaryembarrassmentwhensendinggifts.解析选D 推理判断题联系上文可知,买圣诞节礼物需要考虑很多因素FEMAIL就如何选择礼物征求了专家的建议,就是为了避免大家在送圣诞节礼物时产生不必要的尴尬故D项正确14.WhichstatementdoesJamesPreeceagreeA.Onlyraretreasurescanmoveastoneheart.B.Diamondsaregirlsbestfriends.C.Curiositytogiftsaddstofun.D.Truefriendsneednothingbuttrust.解析选C 细节理解题根据最后一段最后一句JamesPreece说的话可知,JamesPreece认为对礼物的好奇心会增加乐趣故C项正确15.WhoarethetargetreadersofthisarticleA.Thosewhocannotaffordexpensiveeating.B.Thosewhowanttofixtheirbrokenfriendship.C.Thosewhohavetroubleinpickingpropergifts.D.Thosewhohaveoncequarreledwiththeirneighbors.解析选C 推理判断题根据文章前三段可知,本文是向那些不知道如何挑选恰当的圣诞节礼物的读者提供了一些建议故C项正确Ⅱ.阅读七选五2018·武汉模拟Youknowthedrillwhenitestolosingweight:takeinfewercaloriesandburnmorecalories.__1__.Ifyouretryingtodropafewpoundsfasttheseinterestingtipswillmakeiteasyforyoutolosetheweightquickly.EatinfrontofmirrorsandyoullloseweightOnestudyfindsthateatinginfrontofmirrorsreducestheamountpeopleeatbynearlyonethird.Havingtolookyourselfintheeyereflectsbacksomeofyourowninnerstandardsandgoals.__2__.Sniffabananaoranapplewhenyoufeelhungry__3__.Researchersfindthatthemorefrequentlypeoplesniffthelesshungrytheyareandthemoreweighttheylose—anaverageof30poundseach.Onetheoryisthatsniffingthefoodtricksthebrainintothinkingyoureactuallyeatingit.__4__Whetherthatsaflooracoupleofwindowsoryourcara150poundpersonwillburnaboutfourcaloriesforeveryminutespentcleaning.Scrubfor30minutesandyoucouldworkoffapproximately120caloriesthesamenumberinahalfcupoffrozenyogurt.StareatthecolorblueTheresagoodreasonyouwontseemanyfastfoodrestaurantsdecoratedinblue:ithelpstocontrolanappetite.Soserveupdinneronblueplatesdressinbluewhileyoueatandcoveryourtablewithabluetablecloth.__5__.Studiesfindtheyencourageeating.A.YoumightfeelsillybutitworksB.ThereforeadjustyoureatinghabitsC.WashsomethingthoroughlyonceaweekD.ThatsallittakestoloseasmanypoundsaspossibleE.OnthecontraryavoidredyellowandorangeinyourdiningareasF.InotherwordsitremindsyouofwhyyouretryingtoloseweightinthefirstplaceG.Butyoualsoknowthatmostdietsandquickweightlossplansdontworkaspromised语篇解读本文主要介绍了快速有效减肥的方法1.选G 根据上文的“Youknow”及下文的“Ifyouretryingtodropafewpoundsfasttheseinterestingtipswillmakeiteasyforyoutolosetheweightquickly.”可推知,G项“但是,你也知道大部分的节食和快速减肥计划并不像承诺的那样有效”符合语境,所以选G项2.选F 根据上文的“Havingtolookyourselfintheeyereflectsbacksomeofyourowninnerstandardsandgoals.”可推知,F项中的“whyyouretryingtoloseweight”与上文的“goals”相对应,所以选F项3.选A 根据下文的“Researchersfindthatthemorefrequentlypeoplesniff...anaverageof30poundseach.”并结合本段小标题“Sniffabananaoranapplewhenyoufeelhungry”可推知,A项“你可能觉得这种行为可笑,但是它却有效”符合语境,所以选A项4.选C 空处为本段的小标题,根据本段内容可知,本段主要讲述了清洗一些东西可以消耗大量的卡路里,从而有助于减肥,所以选C项作本段的小标题5.选E 根据空后一句“Studiesfindtheyencourageeating.”并结合本段的小标题“Stareatthecolorblue”可推知,此处表示与蓝色相比,其他的颜色对食欲的影响,所以选E项。