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专题01Greatscientist【高频单词】1.scientificadj.科学的→sciencen.科学→scientistn.科学家2.concludevt.vi.结束;推断出→conclusionn.结论;结束3.analysevt.分析→analysisn.分析4.attendvt.照顾;护理;出席;参加→attendancen.出席;参加;到场5.exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光→exposedadj.无遮蔽的;不遮挡风雨的→exposuren.显露;暴露;揭露;曝光6.suspectvt.认为;怀疑n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯→suspicionn.怀疑→suspiciousadj.有疑心的7.foreseevt.预见;预知→foresaw过去式→foreseen过去分词8.pollutevt.污染;弄脏→pollutionn.污染→pollutedadj.被污染了的9.announcevt.宣布;通告→announcementn.宣布;通知10.instructvt.命令;指示;教导→instructionn.教育;说明;指导;教训→instructiveadj.富有教育意义的;启发的11.constructvt.建设;修建→constructionn.建设;建筑物→constructorn.建造者;建造商→constructiveadj.建设性的;积极的12.contributevt.vi.捐献;贡献;捐助→contributionn.捐献;贡献;捐助13.enthusiasticadj.热情的→enthusiasmn.热情14.rejectvt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃→rejectionn.拒绝;抛弃15.characteristicn.特征;特性→charactern.品质;性格;特点16.paintern.画家;油漆匠→paintvt.在……上刷油漆→paintingn.绘画;油画【重点短语】1.put_forward提出2.draw_a_conclusion得出结论3.expose..._to使显露;暴露4.be_to_blame应受责备5.look_into调查;研究6.link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来7.apart_from除……之处;此外8.be_strict_with...对……严格9.make_sense讲得通;有意义10.at_times有时【热点句型】1.neither...nor...“既不……也不……”Neither既不itscausenor也不itscurewasunderstood.2.everytime作连词引导时间状语从句,意为“每次……”Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_time_there_was_an_outbreak每次暴发霍乱时.3.todo作目的状语/suggest意为“建议”时用虚拟语气,即“should+do”,其中should可以省略To_prevent为防止thisfromhappeningagainJohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesshould_be_examined应被检测.4.only+状语,句子结构发生倒装Only_if只有youputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymake_sense说得清楚.5.“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwith_the_planets_going_round_it行星围绕着它转andonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.6.doing作状语/who引导定语从句TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheorysaying声称itwasagainstGodsideaandpeoplewho_supported_it支持这种想法的人wouldbeattacked.高频考点一单词例
1、attendvt.照顾;护理;出席;参加JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpertindeedthatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.P2约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫【归纳拓展】attendschool/church上学/去教堂attendameeting/lecture/wedding/party参加会议/听演讲/出席婚礼/参加晚会attendon/uponsb.照顾某人attendto处理;照料【名师点睛】attend侧重“参加”之意attendto作“处理”讲时,与do/dealwith近义;作“照顾”讲时,与takecareof,lookafter近义【语境助记】
①IhavejustfoundthatIhavetoattend_an_importantclassmeetingthatafternoon.我刚发现那天下午我必须参加一个重要的班会
②IfyouhadtoldmebeforehandIwould_have_attendedyourwedding.你如果提前告诉我的话,我就会去参加你的婚礼了
③Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend_soIcantjoinyouinthediscussion.我要出席一个重要的会议,所以我不能加入你们的讨论
④Themainthingistoattend_totheinjured.首要任务是照顾伤者
⑤Imaybelate—Ihavegotoneortwothingsto_attend_to.我也许会迟到,我有一两件事要处理例
2、exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.P2但当他一想到要帮助那些受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓,他就感到很振奋【归纳拓展】exposeto暴露;受到风险exposesth./sb./oneselfto...向……显露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己;使某事物/某人/某人自己面临beexposedto暴露于……;接触exposesb.tosth.使某人接触到某物【语境助记】
①Dontexposeyourskintodirectsunlightoryoullgetburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下,否则你会被晒伤
②Wewanttoexposeourkidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶
③KlausVonBulowwas_exposedasaliarandacheat.克劳斯·冯·布洛被揭露是一个说谎者和骗子例
3、absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.P2第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的【归纳拓展】1absorb/attract/drawonesattention吸引某人的注意absorb...from...从……中吸收……absorb...into...把……吸收进……beabsorbedby/into被……吞并/吸引beabsorbedin...全神贯注于……2absorbedadj.全神贯注的【名师点睛】表示“全神贯注于……”的常见短语还有belostinbeburiedinfix/focusonesattentionondevote...toconcentrateonesmindonapplyoneselftobeaddictedto等【语境助记】
①HoweverwhensomethingdidinterestmeIcouldbee_absorbed.然而,当某物真的让我感兴趣了,我就能变得很专注
②Absorbed_inwritingaletterhedidntevenlookupwhenIcamein.他在聚精会神地写信,当我进来时他连头都没有抬
③Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分
④Ivejustbeensobusystudyingandtryingtoabsorb_all_the_new_thingsaroundme.我一直忙于学习,并竭力掌握身边所有的新事物例
4、blamevt.谴责;责备n.过失;责备Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.P2看起来水是罪魁祸首【归纳拓展】1blamesb.fordoingsth.因做某事而责备某人blamesth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人beto_blameforsth.对某事应承担责任;该受责备2accept/bear/taketheblamefor...对……负责;为……承担责任put/laytheblameonsb.把责任推到某人身上【名师点睛】【语境助记】
①IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwasto_blame_forMillersaccident.我经常会做恶梦,梦中我应该对米勒的车祸负责
②Iamreadytotake_the_blame_forthemistake.我愿意为这一错误承担责任
③Shestolethemoneybutshestryingtoput_the_blame_on_me.她偷了钱,却想把责任推到我身上
④Dontalwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.不要总把你自己的失败归咎于别人【易混辨析】blame责备,谴责;归咎于,归罪于on常用于blamesb.forsth.因某事指责某人;blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人charge控告;谴责常用于chargesb.withdoingsth.指控某人做了某事accuse控告,指控;指责,谴责常用于accusesb.ofdoingsth.指控某人做了某事
⑤用blamechargeaccuse的正确形式填空a.Itisobviousthatyouaretoblamefortheaccident.b.Shewassaidtohavebeenchargedwithdrunkdriving.c.Iwastoldthathewasaccusedofmurder.例
5、announcevt.宣布;通告WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.P3有了这个额外的证据,约翰·斯诺就可以肯定地宣称被污染的水携带病毒【归纳拓展】1Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……/据通知……announcesth.tosb./tosb.sth.向某人宣布某事2announcementn.通告;宣告;通知announcern.广播员;播音员makeanannouncement宣布;通知【名师点睛】announce后不能跟双宾语结构,如果要表达“向某人宣布某事”应该这样表达announcesth.tosb.=announcetosb.sth.,不能用announcesb.sth.除了announce外,类似的还有explainsth.tosb.=explaintosb.sth.向某人解释某物;mentionsth.tosb.=mentiontosb.sth.向某人提及某事;reportsth.tosb.=reporttosb.sth.向某人报告某事;retellsth.tosb.=retelltosb.sth.向某人复述某事;suggeststh.tosb.=suggesttosb.sth.向某人建议某事;admitsth.tosb.=admittosb.sth.向某人承认某事【语境助记】
①Attheendoftheirmeetingit_was_announced_thatanagreementhadbeenreached.会议最后宣布已达成一项协议
②Hasourflightbeen_announcedyet广播宣布了我们的航班没有?
③Themanagerannounced_the_decision_to_theworker.=Themanagerannouncedtotheworkerthedecision.经理对这个工人宣布了决定
④Maryannounced_to_her_parents_thatshewasgoingtorunformonitor.玛丽向父母宣布她准备竞选班长例
6、contributevt.捐献;贡献;捐助-tocontributeP4捐献【归纳拓展】1contributesth.to/towards向……捐献某物contributeto有助于;导致;为……作贡献;为……捐款;向……投稿2contributionn.捐款;捐献;贡献;投送的稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto对……作出贡献;为……捐款【名师点睛】【语境助记】
①Volunteerorifyoucancontributealittlemoneytoacause.做志愿者或者如果可以的话,给一个事业捐点儿钱
②Everyoneiswillingtocontribute_food_and_clothes_tothehomelesspeople.每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服
③Sportscontributemainlytoyourphysicalfitness.体育运动主要有助于你的身体健康
④Wouldyouliketomake_a_contribution_tothehospitalbuildingfund你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗?
⑤Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboywhichcontributed_tohisreturningtoschool.AwriterwroteastoryaboutitandcontributedittoChinaDaily.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐了款,这使他重返校园一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投给了《中国日报》高频考点
二、短语例
1、putforward提出建议等;推荐;将……提前Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出关于黑洞的理论?【归纳拓展】【语境助记】
①Thesuggestionput_forwardbyyourteacherwaswellworthconsidering.你们老师提出的建议很值得考虑
②Weretryingtoput_asideafewhundreddollarseverymonthtowardourvacation.我们尽量每月存几百美元供度假用
③Nowtheelectricfanisnotinuse.Letsputitaway.现在电扇已用不着了,我们把它收起来吧
④Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasput_out.灭火器喷了两下,火就被扑灭了
⑤写出下列句中putforward的含义a.AsfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletterIthinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyanedictionary.提出b.Ithinkheisfitfortheposition;thereforeIllputhimforwardasacandidate.推荐c.Putyourwatchforward;itsfiveminutesslow.拨快d.Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将……提前例
2、apartfrom除……之外;此外=asidefromApartfromtheconstructionmentionedaboveyouhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了以上提到的结构,你也学过下面的词组【归纳拓展】1apartfrom具有下列三层含义
①相当于besides指“除……之外,另外还有”,强调“另外还有”;
②相当于except指“除了……”,表示从整体中除去;
③相当于except_for指“除……外”,是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时,特别指出其不足之处2take...apart将……拆开tellsb./sth.apart分辨出某人/某物【语境助记】
①[牛津高阶]Ivefinishedapart_fromthelastquestion.除了最后一道题,我全做完了
②Apart_fromanoccasionalnoisefromtheelephantsstomachtheforestwassilent.除了大象胃里偶尔发出的声音,森林里一片寂静
③Theyaresoalikeanditsdifficulttotell_them_apart.他们长得太一样了,很难把他们区分开来例
3、makesense有意义;讲得通Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通【归纳拓展】【语境助记】
①Itmakes_sensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.在失控前致力于解决这个问题,这么做是有意义的
②Whatshereferredtowassoconfusingthattheycouldhardlymake_sense_ofit.她所讲的话如此令人费解,他们搞不明白她是什么意思
③Theres_no_sense_ingettingupsetaboutitnow.现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的
④In_no_sense_shouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.你决不应该灰心丧气继续努力,你迟早会成功的
⑤Handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeela_real_sense_ofachievement.先处理最重要的任务,这样你会有一种真正的成就感高频考点
三、句型Only_ifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense只有把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通1“only+状语”副词、介词短语、状语从句位于句首,句子要用部分倒装但“only+主语”位于句首时不用倒装2ifonly“但愿;要是……就好了”,引导的状语从句使用虚拟语气,表达对现在、将来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望【语境助记】
①OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGarzafinallysayyes.直到一年的友好讨论之后加尔扎女士才最终答应了
②Onlywhenpeoplebelieveineachothercan_theyworkwell.人们只有相互信任才能很好地工作
③Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.只有知道密码的人才能读懂这个信息
④Thepillsmighthavecuredhimifonlyhehad_takenthemregularly.他要是按时服用这些药丸,他的病本来是可能治得好的高频考点
四、句型过去分词作定语和表语
一、过去分词作定语1.单个的过去分词作定语时,常位于它所修饰的名词之前;过去分词短语作定语时,位于它所修饰的名词之后,但单个过去分词修饰somethingeverything等不定代词时,也要后置Fromthestomachthediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoontheaffectedpersondied.这种病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身,很快这个受感染的人死亡了Thingslostnevereagain.覆水难收2.过去分词与现在分词作定语时的区别Thegirlstandingunderthetreeisverybeautiful.站在树下的女孩很漂亮表主动、进行HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens你读过狄更斯写的这部小说吗?表被动、完成
二、过去分词作表语1.过去分词与v.ing形式作表语的区别v.ing作表语时,表示特征,意为“令人……”;过去分词作表语,表示状态,意为“感到……”Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthatpossiblyexplainedhowcholerakilledpeople.他对霍乱致人死地的两种推测很感兴趣Thestoryissointerestingthatnobodydislikesit.这个故事如此有趣,没有人不喜欢它2.过去分词作定语和表语的区别定语置于名词之后或之前表示动作完成或被动表语置于系动词之后,说明主语的状态或特征【2018·全国I】短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的次删除把多余的用斜线(\)划掉修改在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第l1处起)不计分
71.DuringmylastwinterholidayIwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindachangethere.ThefirsttimeIwenttheretheywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogsducksandanotheranimals.LastwinterwhenIwenthereagaintheyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.TheyalsoIwenthereagaintheyhadabigseparntehousetoraisedozensofchicken.Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.AttheendofourtripItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyearsbutheagreed.【答案】DuringmylastwinterholidayIwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Iachangethere.ThefirsttimeIwenttheretheywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogsducksandanimals.LastwinterwhenIwentagaintheyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensof.Theyalsohadasmallpondtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbythefish.Ifeltthattheirlifehadimproved.AttheendofourtripItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyearsheagreed.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻,由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化
1.countryside前加the考查冠词去年寒假,我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶此处特指去的是乡下,故加定冠词the
4.here改成there考查副词及语意理解去年冬天我又一次去了那里故将here改成there
5.chicken改成chickens考查名词复数他们拥有一个大的独立住宅,还养了许多只鸡根据前文的dozensof可知,其后用名词复数形式
6.which前加in或改为where考查定语从句的关系词他们还有一个小池塘,里面养着鱼此处asmallpond是先行词,其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故用inwhich或where
7.sell改成selling考查动名词去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱此处介词by后用动名词,故用selling
8.happily改成happy考查形容词作表语他们的生活有了很大提高,我感到很高兴此处形容词作表语,故将happily改成happy【2018·全国II】短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉修改在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分
71.WhenIwaslittleFriday’snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupperwewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.AsthekidIlovedtowatchcartoonsbutnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthemmyparentswouldnottoletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.【答案】WhenIwaslittlenightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupperwewouldplaycardgamesofallinthesittingroom.AskidIlovedtowatchcartoonsbutnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtothemmyparentswouldnotletme.Theywouldsaytothatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesthemsometimes.Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmeIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.【解析】这是一篇记叙文文章讲述了作者的个人经历小时候周五夜晚家长不允许作者看卡通片,而是让他和他们一块儿玩扑克牌游戏长大后作者才明白,这些纸牌游戏在后来的生活中很有用第一处考查名词名词作定语,往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系此处表示“星期五晚上”,并不是所有关系,故把Friday’s改为Friday第二处考查名词单复数all表示三者或三者以上,后用名词复数故把sort改为sorts第三处考查冠词这里表示“作为一个孩子”,a用在表示泛指的单数名词前,the表示特指故把the改为a第四处考查动词不定式句意无论我要求多少次要去看(卡通片)用不定式表示目的故把watching改为watch第七处考查固定搭配beunwillingtodosth.意为“不愿意做某事,不情愿做某事”本文介绍的是过去的情况,故用过去时所以在unwilling前加was第八处考查介词playthegameswithsb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”,故把for改为with第九处考查时态根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时故把are改为were第十处考查宾语从句的连接词句意当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语,而是时间状语故把where改为when【2018·全国III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉修改在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分ItwasMondaymorningandthewritingclasshadjustbegin.Everyonewassilentwaittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud.Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivityotherswerenervousandanxious.IhaddonemyselfhomeworkbutIwasshy.Iwasafraidthattospeakinfrontofalargergroupofpeople.AtthatmomentIrememberedthatmyfatheroncesaidTheclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludeleaningfromtextbooksandmistakeaswell.ImmediateIraisedmyhand.【答案】【解析】本文为记叙文文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事第一处考查时态构成根据语境可知,句子用过去完成时,过去完成时的构成是haddone,所以begin要改为begun第四处考查固定搭配beeagertodosth渴望做某事,故eager后加to第五处考查代词错误句意我已经完成了自己的作业表示“我的”用my不用myself,或改为定冠词the也可以第六处考查固定结构beafraidtodo害怕做某事,所以that为多余,删掉第七处考查比较级句意我不敢在一大群人面前说话这里没有比较的意思,故把larger改为large第八处考查主谓一致that作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数includes第九处考查名词单复数错误不是一个,所以要用复数第十处考查副词此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子,故把immediate改为immediately
1.【2017·新课标I】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrendwhichwasstartedbythemedicalmunity(医学界)61amethodoffightingheartdiseasehashadsomeunintendedside62effectsuchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalmunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63processthefoodthatweeattorecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64removefromfoodthefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65resultpeoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66badtheamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67befulloffatandsalt;by68eatmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack吃点心betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.Howeverbe69carenottogotoextremes.Likeanythingitispossibletohavetoomuchofboth70isnotgoodforthehealth.【解析】本文是一篇说明文文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分,人们的态度不一脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的,但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分,自身的健康将会收到损害61.as考查介词这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的as表示“做为,以...身份”,故填as
64.areremoved考查被动语态句意当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉分析可知fat,salt和move之间是被动关系,脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉,所以用被动语态故填areremoved
65.a考查冠词固定短语asaresult表示“结果”,句意结果,人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西故填a
66.worse考查比较级句意更糟糕的是,人们所吃快餐的数量增加了故填worse
67.is考查主谓一致句意快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐fastfood的意思是“快餐”,表示一类食物,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式故填is
68.eating考查动名词句意通过吃更多的快餐,人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词,所以填eat的动名词形式故填eating69.careful考查形容词然而,注意不要走极端分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语,故填careful
2.【2017·新课标II】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__crowdontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstopleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad____63___laythetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendonetheroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__usetopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__fairunpleasantforthepassengerswithallthesmokeandnoise.Howevertherailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonthsmorethan25000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Laterengineers____68___managetoconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels隧道)whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___introduceofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___successofthesenewlinesandwasopenedin
1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriagesandprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.【解析】
61.Crowd考查名次,crowd钱没有冠词,且是可数名词,故填crowds
62.from考查介词,toandfrom,来回
63.laying考查动词,这里是由and连接的三个动词形式
64.the考查名词,top是名词,前要用冠词,故填the.
65.wereused考查被动语态,根据句意蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物,故填wereused.
66.fairly考查副词,这里fair是形容词,pleasant也是形容词,所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词,故填fairly.
67.it考查代词,这里用it指代前句的railway故填it.
70.successful考查形容词,空格前是most其后要跟形容词构成最高级,故填successful.。