还剩24页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
专题05NelsonMandela-amodernhero【考纲解读】
1.了解NelsonMandela的生平事迹,了解伟人所应具备的优秀品质,学习他们在艰苦的环境下为人类做贡献、不追求享乐的高尚精神,以提高自身素质
2.能用恰当的语言简单地描述人物,并简单地表达自己的意见【高频单词】1.qualityn.质量;品质;性质2.meanadj.吝啬的;自私的;卑鄙的→vt.意味着;计划→meaningn.意思;含义→meaningfuladj.严肃的;重大的;意味深长的→meansn.方式;手段3.activeadj.积极的;活跃的→activelyadv.积极地→activityn.活动4.generousadj.慷慨的;大方的5.selfishadj.自私的→selflessadj.无私的;忘我的6.devotevt.献身;专心于→devotedadj.忠实的;深爱的→devotionn.关爱;奉献;忠诚7.foundvt.建立;建设→founded过去式/过去分词8.principlen.法则;原则;原理9.peacefuladj.和平的;平静的;安宁的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen.和平;平静;和睦10.mankindn.人类11.lawyern.律师→lawn.法律12.guidancen.指导;领导→guidevt.指引;指导→guidedadj.有指导的;有导游的13.legaladj.法律的;依照法律的→illegaladj.非法的;违法的14.hopefuladj.怀有希望的;有希望的→hopen.v.希望;愿望→hopelessadj.没有希望的;无望的15.youthn.青年;青年时期→youngadj.幼小的;青少年的16.stagen.舞台;阶段;时期17.votevt.vi.投票;选举n.投票;选票;表决18.attackvt.进攻;攻击;抨击n.攻击;抨击;疾病发作→attach形近词vt.把……附在……上;重视19.violencen.暴力;暴行→violentadj.暴力的;猛烈的20.equaladj.相等的;平等的→equalityn.平等;相等→equallyadv.同样地;相等地;公平地→unequaladj.不平等的;不公平的21.willingadj.乐意的;自愿的→unwillingadj.不自愿的;不乐意的22.unfairadj.不公正的;不公平的→fairadj.公平的;合理的n.展销会→fairnessn.公正性;公平合理性23.escapevt.vi.逃脱;逃走;避开;泄露→escapedadj.逃跑了的24.educatevt.教育;训练→educatedadj.受过教育的;有教养的→educationn.教育→educatorn.教育工作者→educationaladj.教育的;有关教育的25.begvi.请求;乞求→begged过去式/过去分词→beggarn.乞丐26.relativen.亲属;亲戚adj.相关的→relationn.关系27.terrorn.恐怖;可怕的人;恐怖时期;恐怖活动→terroristn.恐怖主义者;恐怖分子→terribleadj.非常严重的;令人不愉快的→terriblyadv.非常;很28.crueltyn.残忍;残酷→crueladj.残暴的;冷酷的29.rewardn.报酬;奖金vt.酬劳;奖赏→rewardingadj.值得的;有益的;有回报的30.opinionn.意见;看法;主张【重点短语】1.out_of_work 失业2.as_a_matter_of_fact事实上3.in_trouble在危险/受罚/痛苦/忧虑等处境中4.turn_to求助于;致力于5.lose_heart丧失勇气/信心6.e_to_power上台;当权7.set_up建立;设立8.be_sentenced_to被判处……徒刑9.blow_up使充气;爆炸10.die_for为……死去11.fight_for为……而战12.believe_in信任13.be_hopeful_about对……有希望14.beg_for乞求15.be_free_from/of摆脱【热点句型】1.“thefirst+n./pron.+todo”结构中不定式作后置定语Hewasthe_first_man_to_land_on_the_moon第一位登上月球的人inJuly
1969.教材P332.Thiswasatimewhen...“这是一个……的时期”Howeverthis_was_a_time_when这是一个……的时期onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.教材P343.stage表示抽象的地点时,常接where引导的定语从句Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogressuntiltodaywehavereacheda_stage_where……的阶段wehavealmostnorightsatall.教材P344.only修饰状语置于句首引起的倒装句Only_then_did_we_decide_to直到那时我们才决定answerviolencewithviolence.教材P345.thefirsttime引导时间状语从句Ifeltbadthe_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group我第一次给一个小组作讲解时.教材P38【写作句型】核心句型升级2017·全国卷Ⅰ假定你是李华,正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划内容包括1时间和地点;2内容学习唐诗;3课前准备简要了解唐朝的历史注意
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯【参考范文】DearLeslie,IamwritingtotellyoumyplanfortheingChineselesson.I’vedecidedtoteachyouTangpoetryinRoom101Building1at8amonWednesday
①whichwilllasttwohours.TangpoetryisasymbolofChinesetraditionalliteratureanditplays
②soimportantapartinChineseculturethatit’snecessaryforyoutohaveagoodknowledgeofit.BesidesinordertolearnTangpoetrywellyou’dbettergetsomeinformationaboutTangDynastybeforeclass.Wouldyoutellmeifit’sconvenientforyouFurthermorewhenyoumeetwithsomepuzzlingquestionsdon’thesitatetoturntome.Yours,LiHua高频考点
一、单词冲关例
1、devote vt.与to连用献身;专心于Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.P33一个伟人是一个致力于帮助别人的人【归纳拓展】1devoteoneselfto献身于;致力于;专心于devote...to...把……奉献于……2devotedadj.忠实的;深爱的bedevotedto深爱;致力于3devotionn.关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚【名师点睛】在短语devote...to...中,to为介词,其后接名词或动名词,类似短语还包括lookforwardto期盼;getdownto开始着手做;be/getusedto习惯于;be/getaccustomedto习惯于;leadto导致;payattentionto注意;objectto反对;beaddictedto对……上瘾;contributeto有助于,促进;adaptto适应;beattachedto附属于;stickto坚持;beopposedto反对;adjustto调整以适应【语境助记】
①[2016·北京高考]Neighborsdevoted_their_spare_time_tohelpingothersrebuild.邻居们利用他们的空闲时间帮助他人重建家园
②Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevoted_toyourwork.除非你全心全意地去工作,否则你将永远不会获得成功
③Heishighlythoughtofbecauseofhisdevotion_toduty.由于忠于职守他被高度评价例
2、equal adj.相等的;平等的;胜任的 vt.等于;抵得上 n.同等的人;相等物ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.P34但我非常乐意帮忙,因为我知道这会帮助我们实现使黑人和白人平等的梦想【归纳拓展】1beequaltosth./doingsth.等于/胜任某物/做某事AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌withoutequal无与伦比havenoequal无与伦比;首屈一指2equalityn.平等equallyadv.相等地;同等地;均等地;同样地【语境助记】
①Littlepleasurecanbe_equal_tothatofacooldrinkinhotsummer.在炎热的夏天几乎没有任何乐趣能与饮一杯冷饮的乐趣相比
②Infactwhenitestotheartofwarantshave_no_equal.事实上,论及战争的艺术,蚂蚁简直是无与伦比的
③Heisaplayerwithout_equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员
④Menandwomenmustbetreatedequallyineducationandemployment.在教育和就业方面,男女必须得到平等的对待
⑤[2016·北京高考]Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally_important.学习与社交界打交道是同等重要的例
3、escape vi.n.逃脱;逃走;泄露 vt.逃脱;逃走;避开;被遗忘Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.P38那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱【归纳拓展】1escapedoingsth.逃避做某事escapefrom从……逃脱;逃避escapeonesattention/notice逃避某人的注意2fireescape太平梯;安全梯,安全出口anarrowescape九死一生3escapedadj.逃跑了的【语境助记】
①Heescaped_fromprisonthismorning.他今天早上从监狱里逃跑了
②Itissaidthathenarrowly_escaped_being_killedinthetrafficaccidenttheotherday.据说前些天他在交通事故里死里逃生
③paredwiththe_escaped_driver_IamproudofwhatIdid.和逃逸的司机相比,我为我所做的事情感到自豪
④LastyearIhada_narrow_escape_andIdontwanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.去年我死里逃生,因此我不想再去冒生命危险了
⑤写出下列句子中escape的含义a.Sosuddenwastheattackthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.逃离b.Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遗忘例
4、reward n.vt.报酬;奖金;酬劳;奖赏TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.P38他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报【归纳拓展】1asarewardfor作为对某事的报酬/奖赏get/receiveyourreward获得回报inrewardfor...作为对……的报答/奖赏2rewardsb.forsth./doingsth.为做某事而报答某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物奖赏某人3rewardingadj.值得的;有益的;有回报的【语境助记】
①[2016·江苏高考]Shewashighlyrewarded_forherefforts.因为努力,她颇受嘉奖
②Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwas_rewarded_withasmile.她开始给孩子唱歌,孩子则报以微笑
③Herewarded_us_withalotofmoneyforhelpinghim.他重金酬谢我们对于他的帮助
④As_a_reward_for/In_reward_forhisbraverythesoldierwasgivenamedal.为奖励他的勇敢,这个士兵被授予一枚奖章
⑤Itisunfairthathegetsverylittlereward_forhishardwork.他工作很辛苦,报酬却很少,这不公平
⑥[一言辨异]MoYanwasawardedtheNobelLiteraturePrizeforwriting.Inhissparetimehehasalwaysbeenreadytohelpyoungwriters.Howcanwerewardhiskindness莫言被授予了诺贝尔文学奖在他的业余时间,他总是乐意帮助年轻作家我们该如何回报他的好意呢?高频考点
二、短语冲关例
1、introuble有麻烦;处于困难中EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.P35伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊·曼德拉【归纳拓展】getintotrouble陷入困境;惹麻烦_getsb.into/outoftrouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境havetrouble/difficulty做某事有困难ask/lookfortrouble自找麻烦;自讨苦吃takethetroubleto_dosth.费力/不辞辛苦地做某事也可根据语境在trouble前加上alotof/alittle/great等【语境助记】
①YoucantimaginethetroubleI_had_persuading_him_tochangehismind.你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难
②Pleasedonthesitatetoturntousforhelpwheneveryouhave_trouble_withyourstudy.不论什么时候学习遇到困难,请马上找我们帮忙
③Asisknowntousallifwearein_trouble_itisnotourphonebutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.众所周知,如果我们有困难,是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境
④Theytake_a_lot_of_troubletofindtherightpersonfortherightjob.他们竭力寻找合适的人选
⑤Ifyouplaywithdangerouschemicalslikethatyourejustasking_for_trouble.如果你像那样摆弄危险的化学品,你简直是在自讨苦吃例
2、turnto转向;求助于……WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?P35为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢?【归纳拓展】1turnaway离开;转变……的方向turndown拒绝;调小turnoff/on关掉/打开turnout证明是;结果是;生产turn...into使……变成turnover翻身;翻转;移交turnup露面;出现;开大2inturn反过来,转而;轮流taketurnsto_do/doingsth.轮流做某事【语境助记】
①Whenintroubleyoushouldturn_to_your_parentsforhelp.有麻烦的时候,你应该向父母求助
②Theytake_turnstolookaftertheirsickfatherinthehospital.他们轮流照顾生病住院的父亲
③Tomhadtoturn_downtheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.上周末汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请,因为他太忙了
④DontworryImsureyourmissingglasseswillturn_upsoonerorlater.别担心,我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的
⑤Thecarskippedandturned_over.汽车打滑向一侧翻倒了
⑥Despiteourworrieseverythingturned_outwell.尽管我们都很担心,结果一切都顺利
⑦[2016·浙江高考]Dontletgossipturn_intolies.不要让谣言变成谎言
⑧写出下列句中turnto的含义a.Followthemainroaduntilitbranchesandthenturntotheleft.转向b.Whileintroubleyoucanturntoherforhelp.求助于c.Ifyouturntopage40youwillfindit.翻到d.Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacherbutlaterturnedtojournalism.开始从事例
3、loseheart丧失勇气/信心;灰心;泄气Thescientistfromwhomweheardthegoodnewsneverlostheartwhenhewasintrouble.P37这位科学家遇到困难时从不灰心,我们从其口中获得好消息【归纳拓展】loseoneshearttosb.爱上某人putonesheartinto一心扑在……上learnsth.byheart背诵;记牢……strike...intoonesheart使……刻骨铭心openyourhearttosb.向某人敞开心扉;倾诉衷肠heartandsoul全心全意fromthebottomofonesheart从某人的心底,真心实意地【名师点睛】短语loseheart中heart前不能有任何修饰、限定成分,heart也不用复数形式【语境助记】
①[2016·天津高考]Weshouldnotlose_heartinfaceofdifficulties.Ifweworkhardwewillfindawayout.在面对困难的时候我们不应该丧失勇气,如果我们努力,我们就会找到出路
②Asamatteroffactnothingistoodifficultifyouput_your_heart_into_it.事实上,世上无难事,只怕有心人
③Thankyoufrom_the_bottom_of_my_heartforyourgenerousdonations.我从心底感谢你的慷慨捐赠高频考点
三、句型冲关例
1、Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogressuntiltodaywehavereachedastage_wherewehavealmostnorightsatall.P34过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利,阻挡我们的进步,一直到今天,我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段【归纳拓展】1本句中where引导定语从句,修饰先行词stage2当先行词是stagesituationcasepositionpointfamily等词,且从句中不缺少主语和宾语时,将以上词看作地点,因而关系词常为inwhich或where【名师点睛】occasion作先行词,且从句中不缺主语和宾语时,若意为“时刻”,则选用关系副词when;若意为“场合”,则选用关系副词where【语境助记】
①[2016·天津高考]HavinggonethroughthelongprocesswithartrockclimbingandreadingandwritingnowIvegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknownhardbutinteresting.在经历了漫长的学习旅途——艺术、爬山、读书、写作——之后,现在我到了人生的这样一个阶段——我知道自己足够聪明可进入一个完全不熟悉的、艰难的,却有趣的领域
②Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading”,wheretheycanreadtolearn.这一项目旨在使孩子们进入深度阅读的阶段,在这一阶段他们可以为了学习而读书
③Youcouldgetintoasituationwhereyouhavetodecideimmediately.你可能遇上一种情况,使你不得不立刻作出决定
④Icanthinkofvariouscaseswherestudentsobviouslyknowtheproblemsbutcantworkthemout.我可以想出多种情况,在这些情况下,学生们显然知道问题所在,却不能解决它们
⑤Salesdirectorisapositionwheremunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.销售经理是一个交流能力与销售技能同等重要的职位例
2、Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.P38我第一次向一个参观小组谈论罗本岛监狱的情况时,心里觉得很不好受【归纳拓展】1名词短语作连词,引导时间状语从句的有=assoonas一……就……23有时副词也可充当连词,引导时间状语从句,它们是instantly_immediately_directly等,都相当于assoonas4hardly/scarcely...when...以及nosooner...than...意为“一……就……”,从句常用一般过去时态,主句用过去完成时,且hardly/scarcely/nosooner位于句首时,要用部分倒装【语境助记】
①The_first_timeIinterviewedhimhelookedabitnervous.我第一次去采访他时,他看起来有点紧张
②[2016·浙江高考]Every_timehearrivedhomeattheendofthedaywedgreethimatthedoor.每次他忙碌一天回到家,我们都会在门口相迎
③[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Irememberyoushowedmesomephotosonthatthemethe_last_timeyouvisitedourschool.我记得上次你参观我们学校的时候给我看过一些关于这一主题的照片
④[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]By_the_timethegroupgotuptoleaveitwaspouringoutside.当这群人起身要走的时候,外边正在下着倾盆大雨
⑤Immediately/As_soon_as/Directly/InstantlyshedgoneIrememberedhername.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字
⑥No_soonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.我们刚到车站,火车就离开了【易混辨析】thefirsttime用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次……”forthefirsttime是介词短语,只能用作状语,不可用来引导状语从句,意为“第一次”
⑦单句改错Naturallyyouwerenervouswhenyouwentontheplatformthefirsttime.platform后加for例
3、 ...only_thendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.P34……只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力【归纳拓展】本句中onlythen放句首,句子使用了部分倒装结构only+状语+部分倒装【名师点睛】1“only+从句”放在句首时,倒装的是主句,从句不倒装;2only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装【语境助记】
①OnlyrecentlyhaveIallowedmyselftothinkofthatagain.只有到了最近,我才允许自己再次考虑那个问题
②Onlybysayingpolitewordscan_yougetonwellwithothers.只有说话礼貌你才能和其他人相处得好
③Onlyafterwedhadthecarforafewdaysdid_we_realizewedbeentakeninbythedealer.车子到手几天后,我们才明白我们被经销商骗了
④Only_Iknowhimhere.在这里,只有我认识他高频考点
四、语法冲关定语从句Ⅱ定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词whenwherewhy引导,它们在从句中作状语关系副词用法when其先行词常常是表示时间的名词,如timedayhouryear等,when代替先行词在从句中作时间状语where其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如placeroomhousestreetarea等,where在从句中代替先行词作地点状语why常用在先行词reason后,代替先行词在从句中作原因状语,也可用forwhich来代替【名师点睛】选择关系副词作关系词的原则是从句中不缺少主语、宾语和表语,然后根据先行词表示的时间,地点和原因来确定when,where,why【2018·天津卷】阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler喷水灭火装置)systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers灭火器.Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewareayoushouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual手动的)firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectorssmokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafetynevertamperwith胡乱摆弄)thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrillpleasedothefollowing:·TakeyourroomkeyandIDcloseandlockthedoortoyourroom.·Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.·Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:·Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperlytheredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking(闪动),contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.·Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.·Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmokeinformyourhallstaff.
36.WhatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionalsA.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.
37.WhatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsincludeA.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D.Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations
38.Inafiredrillthestudentsshould________.A.rushquicklytoaliftB.gatheratthenearestexit.C.shutthedoorandleaveatonceD.waitforinstructionsinthehall
39.WhatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishersA.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.
40.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetectoroneshould_________.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyC.startthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworking【答案】
36.C
37.B
38.C
39.A
40.D
37.细节理解题根据文章FireAlarms中的句子Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingheatdetectorssmokedetectorsandsprinklers.可知,火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成故选B
39.细节理解题根据文章FireExtinguishers中的句子Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.可知,误用灭火器会导致罚款故选A
40.细节理解题根据文章SmokeDetector中的句子Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperlytheredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking(闪动),contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.可知,烟雾探测器是否安全运行,看红灯是否闪动故选DBWhenIwas17IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNayoncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthemunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturdaySallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.SheaskedDoyouhavetheaddressNobutIllrecognizeittherewasapictureinthemagazine.Ohstop.Thereitis!”Themuseumwasfree.Weenteredexcited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus.MayIhelpyouamanasked.NoIsaid.Werefine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.WhatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouwerentthatinterestedinSallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy爱窥探的keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.WhatwastheirproblemIsawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.Wheredoyouthinkyouareheasked.Iturnedsharply.TheMcNayArtMuseum!Hesmiledshakinghishead.SorrytheMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.What’sthisplace”Iaskedstillconfused.Wellitsourhome.Myheartjolted震颤.IracedtothestaircaseandcalledoutSally!edownimmediately!Theressomereallygoodstuff艺术作品upthere.Shesteppeddownlookingconfused.IpushedhertowardthefrontdoorwavingatthefamilysayingSorrypleaseforgiveusyouhaveareallyniceplace.OutsidewhenItoldSallywhathappenedshecoveredhermouthlaughing.Shecouldntbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendidbutwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGoghPicasso.Thistimewestayedtogetherincaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslaterawomanapproachedmeinapublicplace.ExcusemedidyoueverenteraresidencelongagothinkingitwastheMcNayMuseumYes.ButhowdoyouknowWenevertoldanyone.Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.BeforeyoucameoverIneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.Ivealwayswantedtothankyou.
41.WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNayA.Shewasapainter.B.Shewasamunityleader.C.Shewasamuseumdirector.D.Shewasajournalist.
42.WhydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouseA.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.
43.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehallA.Puzzled.B.Concerned.C.Frightened.D.Delighted.
44.WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwordsA.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.B.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.C.TheMcNaywasdisappointingparedwiththehouse.D.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.
45.WhatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraphA.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.【答案】
41.A
42.D
43.A
44.D
45.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆,到了之后参观的时候,发现很多人奇怪的看着她,最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆30年后,一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者,指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽
41.细节理解题根据文章第一段WhenIwas17IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNayoncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.可知,MarianMcNay是一名水彩画家故选A
44.推理判断题根据全文可知,作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上,故这才是文章的重心,所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过故选D
45.推理判断题根据文章最后一段BeforeyoucameoverIneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.可知,在作者未造访她家之前,这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽,从而可以推断出,人们往往对周围的美而不见故选CCThere’sanewfrontierin3Dprintingthat’sbeginningtoeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprintcookandservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn’tstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinteracookcanprintplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat—ittakesyearsofexperiencebutaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsandpieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame”freeingcookstopleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurantallofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printedratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability可持续性)Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto
9.6billionby2050andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbeinganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids水解胶体fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae藻类andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients烹饪原料.3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstockfoodthatlastsyearsonendfreeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipsonaprofessoratColumbiaUniversitysaid“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontentlikevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday’sbreadfromthesupermarketyou’deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprintingtheindustryhasmanychallengestoovere.Currentlymostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste糊状物beforeaprintercanusethemandtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consumingbecauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinveryplexways.Ontopofthatmostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredientsbecausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprintersbelievingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.
46.Whatbenefitdoes3DprintingbringtofoodproductionA.Ithelpscookstocreatenewdishes.B.Itsavestimeandeffortincooking.C.Itimprovesthecookingconditions.D.Itcontributestorestaurantdecorations.
47.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraphs3A.Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily.B.Itquickensthetransportationoffood.C.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.D.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.
48.AccordingtoParagraph43D-printedfood________.A.ismoreavailabletoconsumersB.canmeetindividualnutritionalneedsC.ismoretastythanfoodinsupermarketsD.cankeepallthenutritioninrawmaterials
49.Whatisthemainfactorthatprevents3DfoodprintingfromspreadingwidelyA.Theprintingprocessisplicated.B.3Dfoodprintersaretooexpensive.C.Foodmaterialshavetobedry.D.Someexpertsdoubt3Dfoodprinting.
50.WhatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassageA.3DFoodPrinting:DeliciousNewTechnologyB.ANewWaytoImprove3DFoodPrintingC.TheChallengesfor3DFoodProductionD.3DFoodPrinting:FromFarmtoTable【答案】
46.B
47.D
48.B
49.C
50.A【解析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展,但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战
47.细节理解题根据文章第三段Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids水解胶体fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae藻类andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients烹饪原料.可知,3D打印机可以使用可再生材料作为食物来源故选D
48.推理判断题根据文章第四段Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontentlikevitamins.(食品打印可以让消费者打印定制营养的食物),从而可以推断出3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求故选B
50.主旨大意题文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展,但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战所以用标题3DFoodPrinting:DeliciousNewTechnology,故选ADGiveyourselfatest.WhichwayisthewindblowingHowmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoorIfyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbeyou’llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild’sdayisfilledwithfascinationnewnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbeeunclear;wearenumb麻木的)tonewstimulation刺激newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimplealthoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudentsImentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbeganplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestreamandtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey’dfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession痴迷manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabirdimmediatelylookeditupinfieldguidesandsaidaruby-crownedkingletandcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepressuresoftimeanddestinationarefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabittotakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey’dseen.Ohafewbirdstheysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalknomatterwhereitistakeinallthesightssoundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.z.xxk
51.AccordingtoParagraph2paredwithadultschildrenaremore____________.A.anxioustodowondersB.sensitivetoothers’feelingsC.likelytodevelopunpleasanthabitsD.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem
52.WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.B.Tostopplainingallthetime.C.Tofollowtheteacher’sadvice.D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.
53.Thebirdwatchers’behaviorshowsthatthey__________.A.areverypatientintheirobservationB.arereallyfascinatedbynatureC.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides
54.WhydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourneyA.Thenaturalbeautyisn’tattractivetothem.B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.
55.Inthepassagetheauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.A.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworldB.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC.openourmindtonewthingsandideasD.tryourbesttoprotectnature【答案】
51.D
52.A
53.C
54.B
55.A
51.推理判断题根据文章第二段Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.可知,与成人相比较,孩子观察得更多,从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界故选D
53.细节理解题根据文章第四段全段及首句Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession痴迷manyofushavewithnamingthings.可知,鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字,并不关心它在做什么故选C
54.细节理解题根据文章第五段Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabittotakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.可知,徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地,而很少关心周围的事物故选B
55.推理判断题文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人,带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙
5.【2017·浙江卷】完形填空(共20小题;每小题
1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑AliaBakerisalibrarianinIraq.Herlibraryusedtobea36placeforallwholovedbooksandlikedtoshareknowledge.They37variousmattersallovertheworld.WhenthewarwasnearAliawas38thatthefiresofwarwoulddestroythebookswhicharemore39toherthanmountainofgold.Thebooksareineverylanguage—newbooksancientbooks40abookonthehistoryofIraqthatissevenhundredyearsold.Shehadaskedthegovernmentfor41tomovethebookstoa42placebuttheyrefused.SoAliatookmattersintoherownhands.43shebroughtbookshomeeverynight44hercarlateafterwork.Herfriendscameto45herwhenthewarbrokeout.Aniswhoownedarestaurant46tohidesomebooks.Allthroughthe47AliaAnishisbrothersandneighbourstookthebooksfromthelibrary48themovertheseven-footwalland49themintherestaurant.Thebooksstayedhiddenasthewar
50.Thenninedayslatersafireburnedthe51totheground.Onedaythebombingstoppedandthe52left.Butthewarwasnotoveryet.Aliaknewthatifthebooksweretobesafetheymustbe53againwhilethecitywas
54.Soshehiredatrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs郊区.NowAliawaitedforthewartoendand55peaceandanewlibrary.
36.A.meetingB.workingC.personalD.religious
37.A.raisedB.handledC.reportedD.discussed
38.A.worriedB.angryC.doubtfulD.curious
39.A.practicalB.preciousC.reliableD.expensive
40.A.thenB.stillC.evenD.rather
41.A.permissionB.confirmationC.explanationD.information
42.A.largeB.publicC.distantD.safe
43.A.FortunatelyB.SurprisinglyC.SeriouslyD.Secretly
44.A.startingB.parkingC.fillingD.testing
45.A.stopB.helpC.warnD.rescue
46.A.intendedB.pretendedC.happenedD.agreed
47.A.warB.nightC.buildingD.way
48.A.putB.openedC.passedD.threw
49.A.hidB.exchangedC.burntD.distributed
50.A.approachedB.eruptedC.continuedD.ended
51.A.restaurantB.libraryC.cityD.wall
52.A.neighboursB.soldiersC.friendsD.customers
53.A.soldB.readC.savedD.moved
54.A.occupiedB.bombedC.quietD.busy
55.A.dreamedofB.believedinC.caredaboutD.lookedfor【解析】
37.考查动词A.raised举起、抬高;B.handled应付、处理;C.reported报道;D.discussed讨论根据“They___variousmattersallovertheworld”根据语境,应该是他们讨论世界大事故选D
38.考查形容词A.worried担心;B.angry生气;C.doubtful怀疑的;D.curious好奇的根据后文“SoAliatookmattersintoherownhands”,Alia用双手搬书,可知“Aliawas___thatthefiresofwarwoulddestroythebooks”Alia担心战火会破坏书故选A
39.考查形容词A.practical实践的;B.precious珍贵的;C.reliable可靠的;D.expensive昂贵的根据后文“whicharemore__toherthanmountainsofgold”由more可知,是将书与金山作比较,可见书的珍贵性故选B
41.考查名词A.permission许可;B.confirmation确认;C.explanation解释;D.information信息根据“Shehadaskedthegovernmentfor__tomovethebookstoa__place”可知她想获得政府的许可,将书转移到安全的地方故选A
42.考查形容词A.large大的;B.public公共的;C.distant遥远的;D.safe安全的根据“Shehadaskedthegovernmentforpermissiontomovethebookstoa__place”她想获得政府的许可,将书转移到()的地方故选D
43.考查副词A.Fortunately幸运地;B.Surprisingly惊奇地;C.Seriously严重地;D.Secretly秘密地根据“shebroughtbookshomeeverynight”可知她是在秘密地转移书籍故选D
44.考查动词A.Starting开始;B.parking停车;C.filling装满;D.testing测试根据“__hercarlateafterwork”可知,在工作之后,她的车都被书装满的故选C
45.考查动词A.stop停止;B.help帮助;C.warn警告;D.rescue营救根据后文“Aniswhoownedarestaurant46tohidesomebooks.”可知,她的朋友们都过来帮她转移书故选B
46.考查动词A.intended打算;B.pretended假装;C.happened发生;D.agreed同意根据“Aniswhoownedarestaurant46tohidesomebooks”根据语境分析,Anis同意把书藏在她的饭店里面故选D
47.考查名词A.war战争;B.night夜晚C.building楼房;D.way方法根据前文“shebroughtbookshomeeverynight”所以与之相对应“Allthroughthe47”,故选B48.考查固定词组A.put放;B.opened,打开;C.passed,通过;D.threw扔根据“theseven-footwall”七英尺高的墙,可知,他们是越过passover七英尺高的墙故选C49.考查动词A.hid,隐藏;B.exchanged,交换;C.burnt,燃烧;D.distributed,分发根据“passthemovertheseven-footwalland49themintherestaurant”由and可知前后两句为并列关系,他们越过七英尺高的墙,把书藏起来故选A
50.考查动词A.approached接近;B.erupted爆发;C.continuedD.ended结束由后文“Thenninedayslatersafireburnedthe51totheground.”可知,战争仍在继续故选C
51.考查名词A.restaurant饭店;B.library图书馆;C.city城市;D.wall墙壁根据后文“NowAliawaitedforthewartoendand55peaceandanewlibrary”可知原来的图书馆已经损毁,所以“afireburnedthe51totheground.”战火蔓延到了图书馆故选B
52.考查名词A.neighbours邻居;B.soldiers士兵;C.friends朋友;D.customers顾客“thebombingstoppedandthe52lef”,and连接两个并列句,轰炸停止,与之相对应的是,士兵离开了故选B
53.考查动词A.sold卖;B.read阅读;C.saved救;D.moved移动根据“Soshehiredatrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs郊区”,可知,她决定要再次移动书故选D。