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Unit4Earthquakes
一、阅读理解2018·四川省成都市诊断性检测WhatareyourretirementplansKeepworkingGetmoreexerciseOrlearnsomethingnewYoumayputthemonhold.There’sachancethatsoonerorlateryoumighthavetomovefurtherthanyouwerethinkingasfarasMars火星.OnThursdayNationalGeographicwillshowthefirsteverMarsshowhomegivingearthlingsanideaofwhattheirlifecouldlooklikeontheRedPlanet.Setinthenotsodistantyearof2037theiglooshapedstructurecouldbethehomeofyourfuture.ItshowsahousebuiltusingrecycledspacecraftpartsandMartiansoilcalledregolithwhichhasbeenmicrowavedintobricks.Somepartsofthehomearerecognisable—kitchenbedroom—buttherearefundamentaldifferencesthatarevitalforhumansurvival.AstheMartianatmosphereisaroundonehundredthasthickastheEarth’speoplewillneedpermanentshelterfromthesunandsocietywillmovelargelyindoors.Mostbuildingswillbeconnectedbyundergroundpassagesandthehouseswon’thavewindows.Thehomeswillhavesimulatedsolarlightingornaturallightthathasbeenbentseveraltimes.Wallswillneedtobe10to12feetthicktoprotectpeoplefromdangerousraysthatcanpassthroughsixfeetofsteelandadoubleairlockedentrancetokeepthehomeunderproperpressure.“Wedon’tthinkofourhousesasthingsthatkeepusalivebutonMarsyourhousewillbeasurvivalcentre,”saysStephenPetranekauthorofHowWe’llLiveonMars.Thisisnotjustthestuffofscifi.“TentotwentyyearsfromnowtherewillcertainlybepeopleonMars,”Petraneksays.“We’vehadthetechnologyfor30yearstolandpeopleonMarsbutwehaven’thadthewill,”Petraneksays.“Buttwomainfactorshavepletelyswungpublicattitudes.”Theprivatepanies’participationhasforcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgameandinfluentialfilmssuchasGravityandTheMartianhavecaughtsociety’seye.【解题导语】 本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍1.WhatcanweknowabouttheshowhomefromthetextA.Ithasnowindowsordoorsduetosecurityconcern.B.Itsdesignpresentstheideaofenvironmentalprotection.C.Ithasthickwallskeepingthehomeunderproperpressure.D.Itsundergroundpassagesconnectallthebuildingstogether.B 解析推理判断题根据第三段的第一句可推知,火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件,体现了环保意识,故选B2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“putthemonhold”inParagraph1probablymeanA.Putthemoff. B.Givethemaway.C.Carrythemthrough.D.Takethemseriously.A 解析词义猜测题根据第一段的最后一句可推知,之前的列举都可能被搁置下来,而去火星居住迟早会成为可能,故选A3.AccordingtoPetranekwhathasspeduptheprocessofsendingpeopletoMarsA.ThegreatinfluenceofMarsshowhome.B.Thedevelopmentofrelatedtechnology.C.Thepetitionfromprivatepanies.D.ThepopularityofinfluentialbooksonMars.C 解析细节理解题根据最后一段的“Theprivatepanies’participationhasforcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgame”可知,Petranek认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程,故选C4.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.LivingonMars:PossibleorNotB.SendingPeopletoMars:YesorNoC.FirstEverShowHome:HowIsItMadeD.FutureHomeonMars:WhatWillItBelikeD 解析标题归纳题根据全文的整体内容可推知,本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍,故选D
二、单句语法填空1.IthadgottenverycoldandIguessedthegoodweatherwasanend.答案at2.Withtimegoingonthecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowpletelyinruin.答案ruins3.Inthepasttenyearsanumberofhighbuildingsarisewheretherewasnothingbutruins.答案havearisen4.重庆卷ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIdoit答案haddone5.Whensheheardaboutthenewsthatherfatherhaddiedintheaccidentsheburstoutcry.答案crying6.Thisfrightenboywhosemotherwaslostinthedisasterislookingforhernow.答案frightened7.AfterverycarefulconsiderationIdecidedtotakeariskbasedonmyownjudge.答案judgment8.Onarrivingthereweexpressedourcongratulatetohimonhissuccess.答案congratulations9.Alargenumberofsoldiersweresenttheretorescuethosetrapinthebuilding.答案trapped10.2018·北京东城一模Mydaughterjobrequireshertodoalotoftravellingisalwaysawayfromhomealot.答案whose
三、完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项SixyearoldMatthewParkerwasinneedofakidney肾transplant,andhisfamilylookedalloverthecountryforasuitabledonor.Upto80peoplesignedupto__1__alivingorgantothefirstgrader.Coincidentally,thepersonchosentodonateakidneytoMatthewwashis__2__,LindesyPainter.Matthewhadbeenonthetransplantmachinefora__3__timeanddevelopedantibodies抗体tomostkidneys,soitwas__4__tofindamatchforhim.Thedoctorhad__5__thefamilytobe“realistic”andusedtheterm“needleinahaystack”severaltimes.When__6__wereaskedtobetested,Painterwasthefirstonetosignup.__7__theteacherlearnedtheresults,shehadtogetseveral__8__done.Shewas__9__whenshegotacallbacksayingshewasa“__10__match”.Painterdidntmakethe__11__lightly.SheknewthatMatthewneedsakidney,andshehadpity__12__anyonegoingthroughthis.Itwasespeciallydifficultforherto__13__thecondition__14__oneofhertwosons.“Iwatchmyhealthy,__15__,loud,wildchildrenrunningaround,”shesaid.“Matthewdeservesto__16__anormal,healthy,activelifelikemyboys.”Matthewwassoexcitedto__17__thathisteacherwouldbedonatingakidneytohimthathehuggedher.Hismotherwas__18__gratefultoLindseyPainter,sayinghersonsdonorwasa“selfless”and“givingperson”for__19__herson.The__20__forthekidneydonationtookplaceinthefollowingmonth.Matthewsmothersaid,“Mysonsnewkidneymeansaspecialbondbetweenstudentandteacherthatgoesfarbeyondtheclassroom.”1.A.giveupB.giveoffC.giveinD.givedown2.A.motherB.deskmateC.friendD.teacher3.A.longB.shortC.limitedD.good4.A.easyB.difficultC.convenientD.quick5.A.accusedB.stoppedC.warnedD.blamed6.A.studentsB.doctorsC.nursesD.volunteers7.A.AfterB.BeforeC.WhenD.Until8.A.testsB.preparationsC.lessonsD.worries9.A.frightenedB.pleasedC.astonishedD.annoyed10.A.eagerB.rareC.monD.perfect11.A.progressB.practiceC.mistakeD.decision12.A.forB.onC.toD.in13.A.imagineB.pretendC.supportD.waste14.A.threateningB.occurringC.affectingD.informing15.A.passiveB.activeC.tiringD.boring16.A.sufferB.surviveC.bearD.live17.A.feelB.learnC.wonderD.suppose18.A.deeplyB.crazilyC.noisilyD.quietly19.A.sharingB.beatingC.savingD.discovering20.A.operationsB.packagesC.storiesD.struggles【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文六岁的MatthewParker需要合适的肾源做肾移植手术巧合的是,在这些愿意捐肾的志愿者当中,MatthewParker的老师是最佳人选学生和老师被这个肾脏紧密联系在一起1.A 考查动词短语辨析根据文章第一句中的“inneedofakidney肾transplant”可知,MatthewParker需要做肾脏移植手术,因此这里指有80个人愿意捐肾giveup意为“放弃,让与”,在此处指“捐出”,符合语境故选A2.D 考查名词辨析根据倒数第二段第一句中的“histeacherwouldbedonatingakidneytohim”可知,被选定捐肾的人是MatthewParker的老师故选D3.A 考查形容词辨析根据本句中的“developedantibodies抗体tomostkidneys”以及下文医生的警告可知,MatthewParker已经等了很长时间了long意为“长的”,符合语境故选A4.B 考查形容词辨析根据下一句“Thedoctorhad________thefamilytobe‘realistic’andusedtheterm‘needleinahaystack’severaltimes.”可知,很难找到合适的肾源difficult意为“困难的”,符合语境故选B5.C 考查动词辨析根据医生所说的内容可知,医生是在警告和提醒他们warn意为“提醒,警告”,符合语境故选C6.D 考查名词辨析根据第一段第二句“Upto80peoplesignedupto________alivingorgantothefirstgrader.”可知,此处指这些志愿者被要求做配型试验volunteer意为“志愿者”,符合语境故选D7.B 考查连词辨析根据语境可知,此处指老师在得知配型试验的结果之前before意为“在……之前”,符合语境故选B8.A 考查名词辨析根据第三段第一句中的“When________wereaskedtobetested”可知,老师在得知结果之前,已经做了几次配型试验test意为“试验”,符合语境故选A9.C 考查形容词辨析根据上文可知,老师之前做过配型试验,但都没有成功,因此当得知这次配型成功时,老师应该会很惊讶astonished意为“感到惊讶的”,符合语境故选C10.D 考查形容词辨析根据常识可知,做配型试验是为了找到最合适的肾源perfect意为“最佳的,合适的”,符合语境故选D11.D 考查名词辨析根据下文可知,Painter并不是轻率地就做了这个决定makedecision意为“做决定”,符合语境故选D12.B 考查固定搭配havepityon...是固定搭配,意为“同情……”故选B13.A 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处指Painter很难想象自己的两个儿子也碰到类似的状况,因为她的孩子并没有患病imagine意为“想象,假设”,符合语境故选A14.C 考查动词辨析此处指Painter很难想象这种状况会影响自己的儿子affect意为“影响”,符合语境故选C15.B 考查形容词辨析空格处和“healthy”并列,应为褒义词active意为“活跃的,充满活力的”,符合语境故选B16.D 考查动词辨析livea...life是固定搭配,意为“过着……的生活”故选D17.B 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,当Matthew得知是自己的老师要给他捐肾时,他非常激动learn意为“获悉,得知”,符合语境故选B18.A 考查副词辨析根据语境可知,Matthew的母亲非常感激Painter老师deeply意为“很,非常”,表示程度故选A19.C 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,Painter老师捐出自己的肾脏,挽救了Matthew的生命save意为“挽救”符合语境故选C20.A 考查名词辨析根据语境可知,此处指在接下来的这个月,Matthew要做肾脏移植手术operation意为“手术”,符合语境故选A
四、单句改错1.Ihaven’treadallofhisbooksbeforebutjudgedfromtheoneIhavereadIthinkhe’saverypromisingwriter.答案judged→judging2.Hehasthreedaughtersallofwhowentabroadforfurtherstudy.答案who→whom3.Sheisalwaystalkingasifsheknowseverythingunderthesun.答案knows→knew4.AsChinadevelopsfastandsteadyanumberofforeignersislearningChineseasasecondlanguage.答案is→are5.Toourreliefuptonowtheinjuredinthecrashhasbeencarriedtothenearbyhospital.答案has→have
五、单元语法——定语从句Ⅰ1.2018·浙江嘉兴一中阶段性考试Thebooktellsussomeskillssuchashowtoputeverythingwehavelearnedfromlifeintobeautifulpictures.答案that2.2018·江西二校联考BacktothegasstationIofferedherthebagshegladlyaccepted.答案which3.2018·安徽宣城检测Ihaveneverperformedsuchataskyou’veaskedmetodo.答案as4.2018·江西九江一中月考LasVegashasmanywonderfulrestaurantsyoucaneatmanydifferentkindsoffood.答案where5.2018·安徽马鞍山期中Newlawyersofteneacrossvariouscasestheyreallydon’tknowhowtodealwithatoughsituationinthebeginning.答案where。