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Unit2Robots
一、阅读理解VitaminBcouldhelplessentheeffectsofthemostdangeroustypeofairpollutionaccordingtoanewstudypublishedrecently.Inthefirststudyofitskindateamofinternationalresearcherslookedatthedamagecausedbyoneofthepollutantsthathavethemostsevereimpactonhealth:PM
2.
5.ParticulatematterorPMisatypeofairpollutantconsistingofsmallparticlesofdifferentsizes.PM
2.5hasadiameteroffewerthan
2.5micrometersabout30timessmallerthanahumanhair.Theseparticlesaresosmallthattheycangointoourrespiratorysystem呼吸系统resultinginlungandsystemicinflammation炎症andstress.TheteamfoundthatsomethingassimpleasadailyvitaminBsupplementcouldpotentiallyreducetheimpactofthetinyparticlesonthehumanbodyalthoughtheystressedthattheresearchwasinitsearlystagesandthesamplesizewassmall.Forthisstudy10volunteerswereinitiallyexposedtocleanairandgivenaplacebo安慰剂tochecktheirresponses.ThegroupthentookanotherplaceboforfourweeksbeforebeingexposedtoheavilypollutedairfromdowntownTorontowhereanestimated1,000carspasseveryhour.Thebadairwasdeliveredtothevolunteersthroughan“oxygentype”facemask.TheexperimentwasthenrepeatedwitheachvolunteertakingaBvitaminsupplementdailymadeupof
2.5mgoffolicacid50mgofvitaminB6and1mgofvitaminB
12.B6canbefoundinliverchickenandnutsandB12infishmeateggsmilkandsomecereals.TheresearchersfoundthatfourweeksofBvitaminsupplementsreducedthedamageofPM
2.5exposureby28%-76%.TheresultshighlighthowpreventionatanindividuallevelcouldbeusedtofighttheharmfuleffectsofPM
2.
5.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文吸入人体内的PM
2.5细颗粒物会导致疾病不过,研究发现维生素B在一定程度上能降低PM
2.5的危害1.WhyisPM
2.5harmfultoourhealthA.Itpollutesandpoisonstheair.B.Itistoomuchtobegotridof.C.Itcarriesvirusesanddiseases.D.Itiseasilybreathedinanddamagesourbody.D 解析细节理解题根据第二段中的“Theseparticlesaresosmall...inflammation炎症andstress.”可知,PM
2.5细颗粒物很小,能进入我们的呼吸系统,导致肺部和全身炎症2.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3A.Theprocessoftheresearchwasnotscientific.B.Thiskindofresearchhasbeendonemanytimes.C.Furtherstudiesareneededtoconfirmtheirfindings.D.VitaminBishardtoobtaininpeople’sdailylife.C 解析推理判断题根据第三段中的“althoughtheystressedthattheresearchwasinitsearlystagesandthesamplesizewassmall.”可知,该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小,因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现3.WhatisthetextmainlyaboutA.Internationalresearchershaveanewfinding.B.VitaminBcouldreducethedamageofPM
2.
5.C.Particulatematterdoesgreatharmtoourhealth.D.Emissioncontrolandregulationarebadlyneeded.B 解析主旨大意题文章第一段和第二段谈到PM
2.5的定义以及PM
2.5的危害;第三到五段告诉我们维生素B能降低PM
2.5的危害所以B项最能概括文章主旨4.Thenewstudywasprobablypublished___________.A.inasciencejournalB.onagovernmentwebsiteC.inafashionmagazineD.inamedicaltextbookA 解析推理判断题该文的内容为科学研究发现,很可能出自科学期刊所以A项正确
二、单句语法填空
1.Theescapedprisoner,___________(alarm),lookedupandstaredinthedirectionwherethenoisecamefrom.答案alarmed
2.Marriagesbasedonmoneyratherthanlovearebound___________(end)indivorcesoonerorlater.答案toend
3.Havingbeenwarnedofdangerinthestreetatnight,shehadtogohome,withafriend___________(acpany)her.答案acpanying
4.Themajorityofstudentswere___________favourofthesuggestionthattheygotopicnicthenextday.答案in
5.(2018·湖南衡阳联考)Theyoungcoupleset___________somemoneyeachmonthfortheirfutureuseeventhoughtheirinecanonlymakeendsmeet.答案aside
6.Itisobvioustothestudents___________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheingexamination.答案that
7.If___________(leave)aloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.答案left
8.InSeptember1939,Britaindeclaredwar___________GermanafterGermanyinvadedPoland.答案on
9.Heexpressedastrongdesirethatmeasures___________(take)tostoppollution.答案(should)betaken
10.Itwasagreat___________(satisfy)forhertoknowthathersonwasdoingsowellatcollege.答案satisfaction
三、完形填空(2018·云南昆明高三复习教学质量检测)Ilostmyflatbyaccident,andthenIdiscoveredmycarneededanewengine.ThatmeantIwouldhavetospend£1,000togetthecarbackonthe 1 .IsuddenlyfoundthatIneeded,first,somewhereto 2 andsecond,somethingtotravelaround 3 .IwastryingtodecidewhattodowhenI 4 theadvertisementonaboard Converted(改装过的)ambulance 5 ,£1,
600.SoIrangthenumberintheadand 6 togoandseeit.Itwasloveatfirstsight!Imadea 7 straightaway.TwodayslaterIwasthe 8 ownerofaconvertedcampervan(野营车).AtfirstIwas 9 .Iwasn’tsurewhetherIcouldhandleit. 10 ,graduallyI’vehadfeelingsthatIhaven’t 11 before.Livinginmyvanisjustthe 12 ofwakingupinthemorning,and,forthefirstfewseconds,notknowing 13 youare.Thenyoulookoutofthewindow;somestrangetrees 14 you,andsomebeautifulscenerymakesyourheartbeat 15 .LivinginaflatinthecityImissedallthat.NowIbeginto 16 whatthetravelershavebeentellingus.Livinginavanischeap.Norent.What’smore,there’sthesenseof 17 mynewlifestylehasgivenme.IlovebeingabletogowhereIwantandwhenIwant.It’s 18 tofeelthatthewholeworldisyourhome.Itisno 19 thatsomanypeopleare 20 theirhousesandgoingontheroad.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文“我”的车发动机坏了,修理费很昂贵偶然间“我”看中了一辆由救护车改装的野营车,立即买下了它在这辆车里,“我”既可以居住,又可以旅游,觉得世界就是家,这种感觉真好
1.A.sideB.roadC.spotD.platformB 解析根据该句中的“getthecarbackonthe___________”可以判断,此处是说,让“我”的汽车重返上路(road)则要花费“我”1000英镑A项意为“旁边”,C项意为“斑点,污渍”,D项意为“平台”,都与语境不符
2.A.driveB.relaxC.workD.liveD 解析根据该句中的“somewhere”及上文中的“Ilostmyflat”可以判断,“我”突然意识到“我”首先需要有个地方居住(live),故D项正确A项意为“驾驶”,B项意为“放松”,C项意为“工作”,都与语境不符
3.A.forB.throughC.inD.atC 解析根据该句中的“somethingtotravelaround___________”并结合常识可知,“我”还需要有一个坐在里面(in)驾驶着四处旅游的东西故C项正确
4.A.tookchargeofB.madeuseofC.gotholdofD.caughtsightofD 解析根据该句中的“whenI___________theadvertisementonaboard”可知,此处是说当“我”看到(caughtsightof)公告牌上的广告时A项意为“负责,控制”,B项意为“利用”,C项意为“抓住,找到”,都与语境不符
5.A.forsaleB.onshowC.inneedD.underrepairA 解析根据空后的“£1,600”并结合空前的“advertisement”可知,这辆改装过的救护车是用来出售(forsale)的,故A项正确B项意为“在展出”,C项意为“需要”,D项意为“在修理中”,都与语境不符
6.A.failedB.arrangedC.appliedD.hesitatedB 解析根据该句中的“togoandseeit”及后一句“Itwasloveatfirstsight!”可知,“我”打进电话,并安排(arranged)时间去看看A项意为“失败”,C项意为“申请”,D项意为“犹豫”,都与语境不符
7.A.differenceB.suggestionC.decisionD.mentC 解析根据前一句“Itwasloveatfirstsight!”可知,“我”一下子就爱上它了,据此可知,“我”立即作出了决定,makeadecision为固定搭配,意为“作出决定”A项意为“差别”,B项意为“建议”,D项意为“评论”,都与语境不符
8.A.proudB.painfulC.carelessD.braveA 解析根据该句中的“ownerofaconvertedcampervan(野营车)”并结合前一句所表达的“我”立即作出决定可知,两天后“我”成了骄傲的(proud)野营车车主B项意为“痛苦的”;C项意为“粗心的”;D项意为“勇敢的”,都与语境不符
9.A.unwillingB.confidentC.satisfiedD.nervousD 解析根据后一句“Iwasn’tsurewhetherIcouldhandleit.”可知,“我”不知道是否可以控制这辆车,据此可以判断,刚驾驶时,“我”有点紧张(nervous),故D项正确A项意为“不愿意的”;B项意为“自信的”;C项意为“满意的”,都与语境不符
10.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.BesidesC 解析前一句说不确定是否可以控制这辆车,空后说逐渐能够掌握驾驶技能,并享受驾驶这辆车,据此可以判断,空处前后为转折关系,故C项正确
11.A.sufferedB.experiencedC.hurtD.controlledB 解析根据语境可知,该处表示“逐渐地,我有了未曾体验(experienced)过的感觉”,故B项正确A项意为“遭受”,C项意为“弄伤”,D项意为“控制”,都与语境不符
12.A.fearB.tirednessC.excitementD.beliefC 解析根据前一句可知,“我”体验到了以前未曾体验过的感觉,据此可以判断,早晨在车子里醒来是让人兴奋(excitement)的,故C项正确A项意为“恐惧”,B项意为“疲倦”,D项意为“信念”,都与语境不符
13.A.whatB.whereC.howD.whoB 解析根据该句中的“wakingupinthemorning,and,forthefirstfewseconds,notknowing___________youare”并结合常识可以判断,早晨在车里醒来“我”很兴奋,在开始的几秒里,不知道自己在哪里(where)
14.A.greetB.blockC.protectD.guideA 解析根据该句中的“somestrangetrees___________you,andsomebeautifulscenerymakesyourheartbeat___________”可以判断,此处是说在清晨,“我”驾驶着爱车,窗外的树在和你打招呼(greet),窗外的美景让你的心激动地(wildly)跳动B项意为“阻塞”,C项意为“保护”,D项意为“指导”,都与语境不符
15.A.softlyB.stronglyC.normallyD.wildlyD 解析参见上题解析A项意为“轻柔地”,B项意为“强烈地”,C项意为“正常地”,都与语境不符
16.A.doubtB.refuseC.appreciateD.ignoreC 解析根据本段内容可知,本段主要讲述在野营车里居住的种种优点,据此可以判断,“我”现在开始理解(appreciate)旅行者一直告诉我们的关于住在野营车里的优点A项意为“怀疑”,B项意为“拒绝”,D项意为“忽视”,都与语境不符
17.A.freedomB.dutyC.humorD.safetyA 解析根据语境可知,此外,还有“我”的新生活方式给“我”的自由(freedom)感,故A项正确B项意为“责任”,C项意为“幽默”,D项意为“安全”,都与语境不符
18.A.terribleB.delightfulC.usefulD.boringB 解析根据该句中的“tofeelthatthewholeworldisyourhome”可知,你会感觉到全世界就是你的家,据此可以判断,这种感觉是让人高兴的(delightful),故B项正确A项意为“可怕的”,C项意为“有用的”,D项意为“令人厌烦的”,都与语境不符
19.A.chanceB.wayC.possibilityD.wonderD 解析根据该句中的“somanypeopleare___________theirhousesandgoingontheroad”可知,此处是说怪不得有那么多人要离开家,行驶在路上Itisnowonderthat...为固定句型,意为“并不奇怪,不足为奇”,故D项正确
20.A.leavingB.designingC.buyingD.buildingA 解析参见上题解析故A项正确B项意为“设计”,C项意为“购买”,D项意为“建造”,都与语境不符
四、单句改错
1.Thelittleboycameridingatfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.Howadangeroussceneitwas!___________答案How→What
2.Thatafternoontheydrankmuchcoffeethanhadbeenourcustom.___________ 答案much→more
3.Thefamousdoctorisgoingtosetoutperformingtheoperation,sopleasekeepcalm.___________ 答案out→about
4.Look!Therestandthehighestbuildingofthecity.___________ 答案stand→stands
5.Mybossusedtobestrictwithhisstaffs,whichmadeallofthemnervousatseeinghim.___________ 答案staffs→staff
五、单元语法——不定式的被动语态
1.(2018·安徽省级示范高中联考)Shewaslookingforherthreenephews,buttheywerenowhere___________(find),whichmadeherworried.答案tobefound
2.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodforthestudents,butitremains___________(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.答案tobeseen
3.Not___________(interrupt)whilewriting,helockedhimselfinhisstudy.答案tobeinterrupted
4.Theplay___________(produce)nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.答案tobeproduced
5.We’vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds___________(do)toachievethefinalsuccess.答案tobedone。