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Unit6Design
一、阅读理解TheAmazonbasinregionishometoabout
2.5millioninsectspecies,tensofthousandsofplants,andsome2000birdsandmammals.Todate,atleast40000plantspecies3000fish1294birds427mammals428amphibians,and378reptileshavebeenscientificallyclassifiedintheregion.OneinfiveofallthebirdsintheworldliveintherainforestsoftheAmazon.Thewarmwetforestshavebeeninexistencefor55millionyears,andthrivedevenduringglacialperiods,allowingfortheevolutionofanunbelievablediversityofspecies.Radiocarbondating放射性碳年代测定hasrevealedtreesof10centimeterdiametertobemorethan300yearsold,andsometreesover1000yearsold,indicatingthatuntouchedforestscanexperienceunbelievablelongevity.ThefirsthumaninhabitantsarethoughttohavesettledintheAmazonregionabout11200yearsago.Europeanexplorersarrivedinthe16thcentury,bringingdiseaseswhichtraveledfasterthantheexplorersthemselves,killingperhapsasmanyas90%oftheindigenousinhabitants土著居民.Bythelate17thcenturytheAmazonbasinwascontrolledbyPortugueseandSpanishexplorers.TheAmazonrainforesthasbeendescribedasthelungsofourplanetbecauseofitsimportantroleinrecyclingcarbondioxideintooxygen.Butduetodeforestation采伐森林,rainforestsnowcoverlessthan5%oftheEarthslandsurface,andexpertsbelievethatthisisabigcontributortoglobalclimatechange.Severedeforestationbeganinthe20thcentury,with587000squarekilometerslostuptotheyear
2000.Mostdeforestedlandisusedforgrasslandtoraisefarmanimalsandagriculture.Theadditionoftransportrouteshasledtoincreasedsettlementanddeforestation,andatthepresentrate,scientistsestimatethattheAmazonrainforestwillbereducedby40%intwodecades.1.WhyarethefiguresmentionedinParagraph1A.Toprovetheforestuntouched.B.Toclassifyspeciesscientifically.C.Toshowthediversityofspecies.D.ToattractmoreattentiontoAmazon.2.WhydidmostindigenousinhabitantsintheAmazonregiondieA.Europeanexplorersbroughtdiseasesthere.B.Portugueseexplorerstreatedthembadly.C.Alotoftreeswerecutdownandburned.D.TheygotkilledbySpanishexplorers.3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAmazonrainforestA.Ithasthelargestnumberofspecies.B.Itcoversover5%ofSouthAmerica.C.Itisbeinglargerinarea.D.Itisbeingendangerednow.4.WhatmaybeincludedinthefollowingparagraphA.Examplesofdestroyingforests.B.Measurestoprotectrainforests.C.NewsettlementsinAmazon.D.Waystostopglobalwarming.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险1.C 目的意图题通读全文可知,第一段提到昆虫、植物和动物等物种的数量,是为了表明亚马逊热带雨林物种的多样性故答案选C2.A 细节理解题Europeanexplorersarrivedinthe16thcenturybringingdiseaseswhichtraveledfasterthantheexplorersthemselves,killingperhapsasmanyas90%oftheindigenousinhabitants土著居民.第三段第二句译文十六世纪,欧洲探险家来到这里,带来了疾病,这些疾病的传播速度比探险家前行的脚步还要快,大约使多达90%的土著居民死亡根据关键句可知,欧洲探险家把疾病带到亚马逊地区,导致大多数土著居民死亡故答案选A3.D 推理判断题Theadditionoftransportrouteshasledtoincreasedsettlementanddeforestation,andatthepresentrate,scientistsestimatethattheAmazonrainforestwillbereducedby40%intwodecades.最后一段最后一句译文运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加,根据目前的速度,科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%根据关键句可推知,亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险故答案选D4.B 推理判断题最后一段主要介绍了由于滥伐森林,亚马逊热带雨林覆盖率在下降,正面临消失的危险;由此可推知,文章接下来应是针对这种情况介绍如何保护亚马逊热带雨林故答案选B亮点句积累Theadditionoftransportrouteshasledtoincreasedsettlementanddeforestation,andatthepresentrate,scientistsestimatethattheAmazonrainforestwillbereducedby40%intwodecades.最后一段最后一句译文运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加,根据目前的速度,科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%
二、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式2017·南昌二模IwanttotalkaboutMissSmithahistoryteacherIhadatsecondaryschool
61.____________Iwasabout
15.MostoftheteachersIhadwereOK
62.____________theygavethefeelingthatitwasjustajob.ItseemedthatMissSmithreally
63.____________lovebothhistoryandteachingit.Oneofthe
64.____________goodthingsaboutherlessonswasthatwedidn’talwayshavetostudyinanordinaryway.Forexampleratherthanwriteanarticleforhomeworkusuallywewereallowed
65.____________workwithafriendtowriteanimaginarydialoguebetweentwohistorical
66.____________figure.Thenwecouldperformitfortheclass.IthinkMissSmithinfluencedmeintwoimportantways.Firstlyshemademe
67.____________interestinhistory.NowIstillreadbooksonhistoryandwatchTVprogramsaboutitwhenIgetthechance.
68.____________secondsheshowedmehowateachercanusethestudents’owncreativitytohelpthemlearn.Instead
69.____________justbeingakindofaudienceforlessonswewereinvolvedin
70.____________decidewhathappenedinthelessons.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了作者的初中历史老师该老师与众不同,总是让课堂充满乐趣,并布置学生喜欢的作业,从而赢得了学生的爱戴61.when 解析考查连词根据语境可知,Smith老师是作者15岁上中学时的一个历史老师;分析句子结构可知,空格处在句中引导时间状语从句故填when62.but 解析考查连词根据空格前的“wereOK”及下文中的“itwasjustajob”可知,作者的大部分老师都很好,但是他们给人的感觉是教书只是一份工作,空格前后表示转折故填but63.loved 解析考查动词的时态文章总体时态为一般过去时故填loved64.best 解析考查形容词的最高级“Oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“……中最……的一个”根据语境可知,此处指她上课最大的一个优点是不总是用常规的方式教学故填best65.towork 解析考查非谓语动词allowsb.todosth.意为“允许某人做某事”,为固定搭配故填towork.66.figures 解析考查名词复数根据空格前的“two”可知,此处应用可数名词figure的复数形式故填figures67.interested 解析考查词性转换“makesb.+形容词”意为“使某人……”,此处指使作者对历史感兴趣故填interested68.Secondly 解析考查词性转换根据上文中的“Firstly”可知,此处应填Secondly注意首字母大写69.of 解析考查介词insteadof意为“代替,而不是”故填of70.deciding 解析考查非谓语动词介词in后接动名词形式故填deciding
三、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧,并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线\划掉修改在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者从第11处起不计分2017·河北衡水高三期末Asaseniorthreestudentitwon’ttakelongafterIgraduate.NowIhavemuchtosharewithmyfellowstudent.FirstlyI’dliketoshowmyappreciationtothosestoodbymeallthewayteachersparentsandfriendsincluded.Withtheirhelpandadvicemylifewouldbedifferent.Secondlyit’shightimeforItosaysorrytotheclassmateswhomIhurtormisunderstood.Ifirmbelievethatmunicationandsmilesactbridgestofriendship.ThirdlyI’vemadeupmymindtomakeeveryefforttostudysohardworkisthekeytoasuccess.FinallyIwanttoexpressmyhopewhichalltheyoungfellowscanmakefulluseoftimebecausetimeandtidewaitfornoman.答案Asaseniorthreestudentitwon’ttakelongIgraduate.NowIhavemuchtosharewithmyfellow.FirstlyI’dliketoshowmyappreciationtothosebymeallthewayteachersparentsandfriendsincluded.theirhelpandadvicemylifewouldbedifferent.Secondlyit’shightimefortosaysorrytotheclassmateswhomIhurtormisunderstood.Ibelievethatmunicationandsmilesactbridgestofriendship.ThirdlyI’vemadeupmymindtomakeeveryefforttostudyhardworkisthekeytosuccess.FinallyIwanttoexpressmyhopealltheyoungfellowscanmakefulluseoftimebecausetimeandtidewaitfornoman.
四、七选五Asyouknowitisaquitedifferentexperiencebeingaroundpositivepeopleversusnegativeones.Ifyouaredeterminedtobemorepositiveyourself,herearesomewaysyoucando·Failureispartoflearning.
1.___________.Theyunderstandthatfailureisanevent,anddoesn’tdefinewhotheyare.Negativepeopleareemotionallydisabledbyfailurebecausetheyallowittodefinewhotheyare.
2.___________.·
3.___________.Becausetheyareteamplayers,positivepeoplewillgetbehindandsupportideasthatarenottheirs—eveniftheymightdisagreewiththem.Negativepeoplehaveahardtimefullysupportingideasthattheyfeelwon’tbesuccessful.Whenanideathatwasn’ttheirsdoesn’tsucceedtheyaresuretogivetheirteammatesthe“Itoldyouso”expression.·You’resogood!
4.___________.Theypaycloseattentiontootherswhenothersdowell,andtheyarequicktotellthem.Negativepeoplesay,“WhywouldIpraisepeopleforthingstheyaresupposedtodo?”Mostimportantly,it’snotaboutthepraise.
5.___________.Thesimplepraisecanstrengthenrelationshipsandmotivatethepersontodoevenbetter.Positivepeopledon’tunderestimate低估thepowerofencouragingwords.A.PositivepeoplearealltalkativeB.TeamworkmakesthedreamworkC.PositivepeopleliketospreadpositivityD.NegativepeopleknowaboutfailureverymuchE.It’saboutshowingtheotherpeoplethatyounoticethemF.PositivepeopleviewfailureasanopportunitytolearnandgetbetterG.Theyfailtounderstandthatit’spartofthelearningandgrowingprocess【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了成为一个积极乐观的人的方法1.F 解析根据上文中的“Failureispartoflearning”可推知,积极乐观的人能够从失败中学习,从而成长,所以选F项2.G 解析空处与上文中的“Theyunderstandthatfailureisaneventanddoesn’tdefinewhotheyare.”形成对比,由此可推知,消极的人不能真正理解失败的含义,从而不能从中得到学习,有所进步,所以选G项3.B 解析根据下文中的“Because...withthem.”可推知,团队协作很重要,积极的人会互相支持以实现梦想,所以选B项4.C 解析根据空前一句“You’resogood!”可推知,积极乐观的人说积极的话语,传递正能量,所以选C项5.E 解析根据上文的“Mostimportantly,it’snotaboutthepraise.”及下文的“Thesimplepraisecanstrengthenrelationshipsandmotivatethepersontodoevenbetter.”可推知,积极乐观的人赞扬别人表明他们在乎对方,从而可以改善人际关系,激励他人做得更好,所以选E项
五、书面表达假定你是高三学生李华,从网上获悉一家国际青少年志愿者组织正在全球招募暑期志愿者请写一封电子邮件申请加入主要内容如下1.写信目的;2.自我介绍;3.希望获准注意
1.词数100左右;2.文章的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯DearSirorMadam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withallmybestregards.Yourssincerely,LiHuaOnepossibleversion Dear_Sir_or_Madam,I’mwritingthislettertoapplyforthejobasavolunteerthatyouhaveadvertisedontheInternet.Inmyopinionnotonlycanvolunteerworkhelpmeenrichmyknowledgeandexperiencebutalsoitcanhelpthosewhoareinneedlivebetterandbeemoreconfident.IwillgraduatefromseniorhighschoolinJune.InthepastItookpartinmanysocialactivitiesinwhichIperformedwellandgainedrichexperience.MyinterestandskillinEnglishmunicationandteamworkcontributetomyapplicationforthejob.Iwouldappreciateaninterviewatyourconvenience.I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyouinthefuture.With_all_my_best_regards.Yours_sincerely,Li_Hua。