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Culturalrelics
一、阅读理解 AvisittoAustraliawouldnotbepletewithouttakingthechancetoseesomeoftheseanimalsintheirnaturalenvironment. FrilledLizard TheFrilledLizardisfoundintheeasternandnorthernpartsofAustralialivingwithinthebush.TheFrilledLizardsfrillnormallyhangsarounditsneckandismadeoutofaflapofskin.WhenthreatenedtheFrilledLizardwillraiseitsfrillmakingitseenmoredangerous. Bandicoot ThereareseveralspeciesofBandicootaroundAustraliaandalthoughoccasionallytheycanbeseenduringthedaytheyaregenerallynocturnal.Bandicootsaresmallcreaturesonlyaboutthesizeofaratandeatsmallinsectsandplants.SeveraloftheBandicootsaroundAustraliaincludetheEasternBarredBandicootwhichisnowrarearoundAustraliaandtheSouthernBrownBandicootfoundineasternandwesternpartsofAustralia. Koala Koalasaresmallbearshy;likecreaturesthatlivealongtheeastcoastofAustraliawiththeirhabitatamongst在……之中thefamousEucalyptustrees.HoweverkoalasonlyliketoeatasmallpercentageoftheEucalyptustreesfoundaround Australia.Koalashavehardblacknoseswithsharpclawsandathickfurrycoatandcangrowtoaweightofabout10kg.Mostoftheirtimeisspentasleepinthetreeswhichisthebestplacetoseeakoala. Dingo DingoesarefoundinvariousareasacrossAustraliaandunlikedomesticdogstheydonotbark.InsteadtheDingomakesahowlingsoundthatisveryparticular.Dingoesgenerallyeatmicerabbitsandratsalthoughsometimestheycanalsoattacklivestockwhenhungry.
1.WhenindangertheFrilledLizardwillraiseitsfrillto________.A.lookmorebeautifulB.makeitselffortableC.frightenitsenemyD.attracttheoppositesex
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”meaninthepassageA.Dangerouswhenattacked.B.Activeatnight.C.Smallinsize.D.Gentleinthedaytime.
3.AccordingtothepassagewhichanimallikesrestinginthetreeA.FrilledLizard.B.Dingo.C.Bandicoot.D.Koala.参考答案
1.C;
2.B;
3.D解析
1.[细节理解题根据原文对FrilledLizard的描述“WhenthreatenedtheFrilledLizardwillraiseitsfrillmakingitseenmoredangerous.”可知当FrilledLizard遇到危险的时候会raiseitsfrill其目的是为了吓唬来犯的动物]
2.[词义理解题根据原文对Bandicoot的描述“…andalthoughoccasionallytheycanbeseenduringthedaytheyaregenerallynocturnal.”可知尽管偶尔在白天可以看到它们由此推断出它们主要还是通常在夜晚活动因此可知划线单词的意思与B项的解释最接近]
3.[细节理解题根据原文“Mostoftheirtimeisspentasleepinthetreeswhichisthebestplacetoseeakoala.”可知Koala通常在树上睡觉]
二、单句语法填空1.2017·北京高考Thelittleproblems________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.答案that 分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是thelittleproblems,且从句中缺少宾语,故用that2.2017·天津高考Myeldestson________worktakeshimallovertheworldisinNewYorkatthemoment.答案whose 分析句子结构可知,此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词,且与其后名词存在所属关系,故应用whose3.MrReed________selecttorepresentusinthemeetinghasbeensenttohaveatalkwiththem.答案selected 由句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语select与其所修饰的MrReed之间为逻辑上的被动关系,因此填selected4.Itwasclearly________evidencethatthepanywasingreatdifficulties.答案evident Itis/wasevidentthat...是常用句型,意为“很明显……”5.Perhapsthemostdifficultchallengeishow________survivewithoutfriendsinlife.答案tosurvive “疑问词+动词不定式”在本句中作表语,howtosurvive“怎么生存”6.Idontreallyfancy________dobusinesswithhim.答案doing fancydoing...“想要做……”7.Hewasseverelycriticizedand________removefromhispost.答案removed removesb.fromhispost“开除某人”,此处是被动语态,因此填removed8.ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplayingcards________designforentertainmentandeducation.答案weredesigned bedesignedfor“为……而设计”9.We________facethedifficultytogetherbutwhydidntyoutellme答案couldhavefaced 由后一分句可知,前一分句谓语应用couldhavedone结构,表示“过去我们本来可以共同面对困难”10.Alltheworkers________belongtothefactorymustobeytherule.答案belonging 由句子结构可知,此处应填belong的非谓语动词形式,workers与belongto之间为逻辑上的主谓关系故用现在分词belongingto作后置定语belongto无被动语态
三、完形填空Itimpressedmealot.Ineverthoughtthatlittlehelpwill__1__outtobethemostsatisfyingthingIhaveeverdone.Hewastired,and__2__toclimbfurther.Withabroad__3__,heaskedifIcouldhelphimwithsomemoney.Hewasparalyzed瘫痪inbothlegsandwas__4__fundsforsomeoperation.Hesaidthatifoperatedsuccessfully,hecould__5__atrainingguaranteeinghimajob.Iwasfullof__6__andevenaskedhimtoshowhislegs.Igavehimthe__7__money.Afterafewdays,heagaincameatmydoorstepaskingformoremoneyforacmodation.ThistimeIwasmoreorless__8__hewasnotcheatingme.Igavehimsomeandsaid,“ThisisallIhave.”AyearwentbyandIhadmovedtoan__9__place.OnefinedayIgotacallfromanunknownnumber.CallercalledouthisnamebutIdidnt__10__him.ThenhesaidhewastheveryparalyzedpersonIhelpedayearago.Iaskedhimhowhewasdoing.Hesaid,“Whatsiryourecognizemenotbymynamebutbymy__11__state.”“WithyourkindhelpIamnowableto__12__onmylegswithoutsupport.Iwasoperated__13__.Iammarriedtoabeautifulladyandhaveastable__14__.”Idont__15__rememberifIgavehimmyphonenumber.__16__,whathesaidnextwastouching.HesaidhewantedtoreturnmymoneysothatIdidntfeelcheatedandwouldcontinuetohelppeople__17__inthefuture.IdontknowwhetherhereadmyfacialexpressionthedayIhelpedhimbuttearswere__18__downmyface.ThatdayIpromisedhimIwouldcontinuetohelppeopleasIsawan__19__—smallorbig.__20__alifechangedeventofmylife.1.A.sendB.breakC.bringD.turn2.A.strugglingB.substitutingC.playingD.walking3.A.lookB.smileC.viewD.whisper4.A.findingB.raisingC.seekingD.earning5.A.pretendB.intendC.attendD.tend6.A.interestsB.mindsC.worriesD.doubts7.A.remainingB.leftC.hidingD.forgotten8.A.informedB.preparedC.convincedD.outspoken9.A.newB.oldC.systematicD.bad10.A.remindB.recognizeC.replaceD.repeat11.A.excitedB.messedC.disabledD.stressed12.A.liveB.baseC.focusD.stand13.A.successfullyB.surprisinglyC.hopefullyD.naturally14.A.reasonB.promiseC.characterD.job15.A.alsoB.evenC.alreadyD.only16.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Meanwhile17.A.inneedB.inplaceC.infavorD.inadvance18.A.bringingB.puttingC.runningD.pulling19.A.behaviorB.caseC.accidentD.opportunity20.A.StrangelyB.TrulyC.GenerallyD.Originally【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文作者一次无意间的帮助改变了一位瘫痪者的一生这件事也改变了作者的人生,让他决定继续帮助那些有困难的人1.D 考查动词短语辨析此处指作者从未想过一个小小的帮助最后竟成为他曾做过的最令自己满意的一件事四个选项都能与out组成固定短语turnout意为“结果是,最后成为”,符合语境sendout意为“发出”;breakout意为“爆发”;bringout意为“生产,出版”,均与语境不符故答案选D2.A 考查动词辨析根据下文中的“paralyzed瘫痪”可知,他瘫痪了,所以此处应指他努力往前爬A项意为“努力,挣扎”,符合语境B项意为“替换”;C项意为“玩”;D项意为“走”,均与语境不符故答案选A3.B 考查名词辨析根据前面的“broad”可知,此处应指他咧嘴微笑着B项意为“微笑”,符合语境A项意为“表情”;C项意为“观点”;D项意为“耳语”,均与语境不符故答案选B4.B 考查动词辨析根据上句中的“helphimwithsomemoney”可知,此处应指他在筹集手术资金B项意为“筹集”,符合语境A项意为“找到”;C项意为“寻找”;D项意为“挣得”,均与语境不符故答案选B5.C 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处应指如果手术成功了,他就能参加能让他得到一份工作的培训C项意为“参加”,符合语境A项意为“假装”;B项意为“打算”;D项意为“往往会”,均与语境不符故答案选C6.D 考查名词辨析根据本句中的“evenaskedhimtoshowhislegs”可知,作者要求看看他的腿,所以对他所说的话应该是充满了怀疑D项意为“怀疑”,符合语境A项意为“兴趣”;B项意为“思想”;C项意为“担心”,均与语境不符故答案选D7.A 考查形容词辨析此处指作者把手上剩余的钱都给了他A项意为“剩余的”,符合语境B项意为“剩下的”,不作前置定语;C项意为“隐藏的”;D项意为“被遗忘的”,均与语境不符故答案选A8.C 考查形容词辨析根据本句中的“hewasnotcheatingme”和下句中的“gavehimsome”可知,作者给了他一些钱,有几分确信他并没有骗自己C项意为“确信的,信服的”,符合语境A项意为“见多识广的”;B项意为“准备好的”;D项意为“坦率的,直言不讳的”,均与语境不符故答案选C9.A 考查形容词辨析根据上文的“movedto”及下文作者接到一个陌生电话可知,作者搬到了一个新地方A项意为“新的”,符合语境B项意为“旧的”;C项意为“系统化的”;D项意为“坏的”,均与语境不符故答案选A10.B 考查动词辨析根据本句中的转折连词“but”及下文中的“yourecognizemenotbymyname”可知,打电话的人报出了自己的名字,但作者并没有认出他来B项意为“认出”,符合语境A项意为“提醒”;C项意为“代替”;D项意为“重复”,均与语境不符故答案选B11.C 考查形容词辨析根据上文中的“Thenhesaidhewastheveryparalyzedperson”可知,作者不是通过他的名字而是通过他瘫痪的情况认出了他C项意为“残疾的”,符合语境A项意为“兴奋的”;B项意为“混乱的”;D项意为“有压力的”,均与语境不符故答案选C12.D 考查动词辨析根据本句中的“withoutsupport”可知,此处指他不需要支架就可以自己站起来D项意为“站立,站起来”,符合语境live意为“居住”;base意为“基于”;focus意为“关注”,均与语境不符故答案选D13.A 考查副词辨析根据上一句可知,他现在能够站起来,所以手术成功了A项意为“成功地”,符合语境B项意为“令人惊奇地”;C项意为“有希望地”;D项意为“自然地”,均与语境不符故答案选A14.D 考查名词辨析根据常识及上文中提到的“guaranteeinghimajob”可推断出,他结婚了,还有了一份稳定的工作D项意为“工作”,符合语境A项意为“理由”;B项意为“允诺”;C项意为“性格”,均与语境不符故答案选D15.B 考查副词辨析根据语境及上文中的“Ayearwentby”可知,此处指作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码B项意为“甚至”,符合语境故答案选B16.C 考查副词辨析根据上下文语境可知,作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码,但是他接下来说的话却令人感动C项意为“然而”,表示转折,符合语境A项意为“因此”;B项意为“否则”;D项意为“与此同时”,均与语境不符故答案选C17.A 考查短语辨析根据语境可知,这位曾经瘫痪的人想将钱还给作者,这样作者就不会感觉到自己被骗从而以后可以放心去帮助那些有困难的人A项意为“在危难中的”,符合语境B项意为“在适当的位置”;C项不是短语;D项意为“提前”,均与语境不符故答案选A18.C 考查动词辨析根据语境可知,此处是指眼泪流过作者的脸庞四个选项都能与down组成短语rundown意为“往下流”,符合语境bringdown意为“降低,打倒”;putdown意为“镇压,记下”;pulldown意为“拉下来,摧毁”,均与语境不符故答案选C19.D 考查名词辨析根据语境及本句中的“smallorbig”可知,此处表示只要有机会,无论大小,作者都会继续帮助他人D项意为“机会”,符合语境A项意为“行为”;B项意为“事例”;C项意为“事故”,均与语境不符故答案选D20.B 考查副词辨析根据全文内容以及第一段第一句可知,此处与第一句相呼应,指的是这的确是改变了作者一生的事情B项意为“确实,的确”,符合语境A项意为“奇怪地”;C项意为“大体上地”;D项意为“起初”,均与语境不符故答案选B
四、单句改错1.Theboysbehaviorwashighthoughtofbyallthepeoplepresent.________________________________________________________答案high→highly thinkhighlyof...“高度评价……”2.Whatcanwedofortheminreturnallthehelptheyhavegivenus________________________________________________________答案return后加for inreturnfor...“作为对……的回报”3.Itisveryworthmakinganefforttopromotethepublicawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.________________________________________________________答案very→well bewellworthdoing...“非常值得做……”4.Therescueworkersremovedthestonesinsearchforanysurvivor.________________________________________________________答案for→of insearchof...“寻找……”5.Thereisnodoubtwhatacleanerdoesisharderparedwithanyotherjobinthesociety.________________________________________________________答案doubt后加that Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”
五、七选五Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.1Ingeneraltheycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.2Betweentheagesofabout12and50womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility生育能力.Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.Infactwomenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.3Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygersicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Themoncoldisagoodexample:womenonaveragegetfewercoldsthanmen.4Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowinfluenceagingbuttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellshaveatendency倾向toagemoreslowlythanaman’s.Othersthinkthataman’sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.5A.However women on average live longer.B.The biological factor plays an important part.C. Women are also helped by their female genes.D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F. Therefore women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.【语篇解读】本文介绍了女性比男性寿命长的原因
1.A根据空格下一句"一般说,女性比男性多活6到7年"可知此处的意思是然而,女性平均比男性寿命更长故选A
2.G根据空格上句"男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性活得更久"可知此空的意思是荷尔蒙是身体分泌的控制身体各种功能的化学物质故选G
3.D根据下句"它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染"可知此空的意思是女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体故选D
5.E根据空格前两句"一些人认为女性的身体细胞有比男性老化慢的倾向,另一些人认为男性的身体细胞有老化较快的倾向"可知E项"最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能"符合题意故选E。