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Module2FantasyLiterature[一积词汇见多识广] [课内单词回扣]一阅读词汇写其义1.humann. 与动物等对比的人 2.indexn. 指数3.householdn.一家人;家庭4.charityn.慈善团体5.freewayn.高速公路6.inhabitantn.居民7.smartadj.漂亮的;整洁的;时髦的8.vastadj.巨大的;庞大的二表达词汇写其形1.inen.收入2.measurevt.测定;测量;评估3.goaln.目标4.positionn.位置5.figuren.数字6.homelessadj.无家可归的7.transportn.交通工具8.exchangen.交换三拓展词汇灵活用
1.hungern.饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的
2.crowdedadj.拥挤的→crowdn.人群v.聚拢
3.povertyn.贫穷→pooradj.贫穷的*
4.similarityn.类似;相似→similaradj.相似的→similarlyadv.相似地;类似地*
5.unfortunateadj.不幸的;遗憾的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地→反义词fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunen.运气;财富
6.entertainmentn.娱乐→entertainvt.使娱乐;款待*
7.developmentn.发展→developv.使发展;使成长→developingadj.发展中的→developedadj.发达的*
8.educatevt.教育;培养;训练→educationn.教育
9.industrialadj.工业的→industryn.工业*
10.pollutedadj.受到污染的→pollutev.污染→pollutionn.污染用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1.Thefuturebelongstopeoplewhoarewelleducated_soeducationisofgreatsignificancetous.educate2.Wastewaterfromthefactoryisthemaincauseofthepollutionpollute.3.Thetwopicturesaresimilaranditseasytofindmanysimilaritiesbetweenthem.Similarly_youcanalsofindsomedifferences.similar4.Itsunfortunatetobestuckintherain.Evenunfortunately_wecouldntfindanyonetohelpus.Atlastwetriedourfortunetofindashortcut.Fortunately_wearrivedhomebeforedark.Sowewerealsofortunate.fortune5.Withthedevelopmentofeconomypeopleslivesarebeingbetterandbetter.HoweverChinaasadevelopingcountryisdifferentfromAmericawhichisadevelopedone.develop[话题单词积累]1.economy/IkɒnəmI/n. 经济2.merce/kɒmɜːs/n.商业3.corporation/kɔːpəreIʃən/n.大公司4.firm/fɜːm/n.公司,企业 adj.坚固的;坚定的5.enterprise/entəpraIz/n.公司;企/事业单位6.pany/kʌmpənI/n.公司7.negotiation/nIɡəʊʃIeIʃən/n.协商;谈判8.business/bIznIs/n.生意;交易;事业9.deal/diːl/n.量;数额;交易10.trade/treId/n.贸易11.profit/prɒfIt/n.利润12.loss/lɒs/n.损失13.account/əkaʊnt/n.账目;描述14.bill/bIl/n.账单;美钞票;票据15.debt/det/n.债务;欠款16.finance/faInæns/n.资金,财政,财务,金融17.interest/IntərIst/n.利息18.budget/bʌdʒIt/n.预算19.capital/kæpItəl/n.资本20.currency/kʌrənsI/n.货币;流通21.invest/Invest/v.投资22.export/ekspɔːt/n.vt.出口23.import/Impɔːt/n.v.进口24.manage/mænIdʒ/vt.管理;经营25.boom/buːm/n.vi.生意繁荣;激增26.decline/dIklaIn/n.v.减少;下降;衰退27.decrease/dIkriːs/n.v.减少;减小;降低28.poverty/pɒvəti/n.贫穷29.expectancy/Ikspektənsi/n.预期数额30.statistics/stətIstIks/n.统计数字[二积短语顿挫抑扬] [课内短语回扣]一根据汉语写出下列短语*
1.up_to 直到;到……时候为止*
2.at_the_top/bottom_of在……顶端/底部*
3.make_efforts努力
4.take_measures采取措施*
5.in_particular尤其;特别
6.be_connected_with与……有联系;与……有关*
7.be/get_close_to接近;靠近
8.make_progress取得进步
9.increase_..._by以……幅度增加
10.collect/raise_money_for为……筹集资金/募捐二用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1.Lasttermhewasat_the_top_oftheexamlistwhichmadehisparentsveryglad.2.Thehotelis_close_toXiamenUniversitysowecangothereonfootaftersupper.3.Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityup_to£15000indebt.4.Imade_effortstogetthecaroutofthemudbutitremainedstuckthere.5.Thepanyhaslaunchedseveraltypesofcarsthisyearandonein_particularappealstotheyoung.[话题短语积累]1.beshortof 短缺的;缺乏的;不足的2.bringdownprices降低价格3.meet/satisfyonesneeds满足某人的需求4.setaside拨出;留出;不理会5.makeaprofit盈利;赚钱6.bebeneficialto对……有益7.layasolidfoundationto为……打下坚实基础8.fromanotherperspective 从另一个角度9.bedevotedto投身于10.inallaspectsofhumanlife在人类生活的各个方面11.giveriseto引起;使发生12.take...intoaccount/consideration把……考虑在内13.makecontributionsto为……做贡献14.outofdebt不欠债15.inhopesof希望;怀着……的希望[三积句式写作扮靓] [课内句式仿写]1.while用作并列连词,表示对比或相反的情况[例句] NorwayisatthetopofthelistwhiletheUSisatnumber
7.[仿写] 正如上面图表所示,80%的被采访者都对医疗和交通表示满意,而仅有40%的人对物价表示满意Asisapparentlyshownonthechartabove80%ofthepeoplesurveyedexpressthesatisfactionwiththemedicalinsuranceandpublictransportationwhile_only_40%_are_satisfied_with_the_prices.2.although引导让步状语从句[例句] Althoughmorethan80%ofchildrenindevelopingcountriesgotoprimaryschoolabout115millionchildrenarenotbeingeducated.[仿写] 因此,尽管钱对于幸福的生活是必要的,但它不能买来幸福Thereforealthough_money_is_necessary_for_a_happy_life_itcantbuyhappiness.3.主语+be+形容词+不定式[例句] Howeverinotherregionsoftheworlde.g.EasternEuropewaterisnowmostlysafetodrink.[仿写] 这个问题不容易回答Thisquestionis_not_easy_to_answer.4.“of+抽象名词”用来描述人或事物的特征[例句] Itsanagreementbetweentownsorcitiesofsimilarsizeandage...[仿写] 我确实希望这本书对他的学习将会非常有价值Idohopethisbookwillbe_of_great_valuetohiminhisstudies.5.Thisisbecause...这是因为……[例句] Thisisbecauselivingwithaforeignfamilyforoneortwoweeksmeansthatyouhavetospeaktheirlanguageandasaresultyouimprovefast.[仿写] 这是因为我们最终认识到它实际上是一种非常环保的生活方式This_is_because_wefinallyrealizedthatitisactuallyaveryecofriendlywaytolive.[话题佳句背诵]1.Chinaseconomyisexpectedtogrowatamediumspeedintheingyearssoanincreaseispossibleintheinvestmentinthemovieindustryandthenumberofqualitymovies.2017·江苏高考书面表达未来几年,中国经济预计中速增长;因此,在电影行业的投资和高质量电影的数量上,增长是可能的2.BeijingandShanghaiarethetwobiggestandmostimportantcitiesinChina.Nowletshaveaquicklookatthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthem. 北京和上海是中国的两个最大、最重要的城市现在让我们快速看一下它们之间的异同3.Whenseekingtheincreaseofeconomysomeareascarelittleabouttheenvironment.当追求经济增长的时候,一些地区不关心环境问题4.Itisestimatedthattheeconomiclossesweremorethan
9.7billionyuan.估计造成经济损失97亿多元5.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplehaveetorealizethefactthatweshouldntdevelopeconomyattheexpenseoftheenvironment.现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实[四背语段语感流畅] Withlittleornoineupto10%ofthepeopleinthiscitynowlivebelowpovertyline.Theyhaveastrongdesireforabetterlife.LiHuaholdsthepositionofmayorinthecity.Hefiguresthattherealpovertyisnotmoneybutignorancesotheyneedtotakemeasurestodevelopeducationtomakesurethatallthechildrenareeducated.Bymakingeffortstheywillpromotethedevelopmentofthiscitysoon.由于收入很少或没有收入,现在这个城市高达10%的人生活在贫困线以下他们强烈渴望过上更好的生活李华在这个城市担任市长职务他认为真正的贫困是无知,而不是缺乏钱,因此他们需要采取措施发展教育,确保所有的孩子都能接受教育通过努力不久他们就会推动这个城市的发展[第一板块 重点词汇突破] [师生共研词汇]1.measurev.测定;测量;衡量;评估;有……长或宽、高等n.尺寸;措施[教材原句] WhatdoestheHumanDevelopmentIndexmeasure人类发展指数测定的是什么?bemeasuredby/in 用……来衡量make...toonesmeasure依照某人的尺寸做……takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事
①Itsgenerallyacknowledgedthateducationshouldntbe_measuredmeasureonlybyexaminationresults.普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量
②Thenumberofthemislessthan1000soIhopeyoucantake_some_effective_measures_to_protect_them.2013·重庆高考写作它们的数量不足1000只,因此我希望你们能采取一些有效的措施来保护它们
③Thenewbridgeunderconstructionmeasuringmeasuretwiceaslongastheoldoneisduetobepletednextmonth.在建设中的新大桥,经测量桥长是原来老桥的两倍,预计在下个月完工[名师指津] measure作名词表示“措施”时,常用其复数形式作动词表示“有……长/宽/高等”时,为不及物动词,不用于被动语态和进行时态,若此意义的短语作后置定语,要用现在分词形式2.positionn.位置;姿势;地位;职位;处境;立场;态度[教材原句] TheUKisinthethirteenthpositionwhileChinaisinthemiddleofthelist.英国排在第13位,然而中国排在名单的中游inan...position 处于……地位/位置in/outofposition在/不在适当的位置beinapositiontodosth.因有能力、金钱或权力等而能做某事takeupaposition就位;担任职位;采取某种立场态度holdthepositionof...担任……的职务
①Oneofthecupsisout_of_position.Putitbackin_position.有一只杯子位置不对,把它放回适当的位置
②WhenIknowallthefactsIllbeinapositionto_adviseadviseyou.当我了解所有的事实之后,我就能给你提出建议了
③Atpresentsheholdsthepositionofsalesmanagerinalargepany.现在她在一家大公司担任销售经理的职务
④Salesmanagerisapositionwheremunicationisjustasimportantassalesskills.销售经理是一个交流能力和销售技巧同等重要的职位[名师指津] 当position后跟定语从句且其在从句中作状语时,引导词应用where[熟词生义] 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义
⑤Hisremarksshowedthathemisunderstoodmypositiononthequestion.态度;立场3.figuren.数字;图形;雕像;人物;身材;人影v.计算;认为;描绘[教材原句] pletethechartwithfiguresfromthepassage.用课文中的数字完成表格[一词多义] 写出下列句中figure的含义
①Itwouldbeveryniceifwehadatruefigureofhowmanypeopleinthiscountryhaventgotajob.数字
②Afteracertainageyouhavetoworkhardtokeepyourfigure.身材
③Shewasfrightenedtoseeafigureinthedark.人影
④MiYuearealhistoricalfigurelivedduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.人物
⑤Ifigurethatdifferentpeoplelikedifferentthings.认为keeponesfigure 保持身材figureout想出;理解;弄明白;计算出figureon期待;指望;计算figurein把……列入计算/考虑范围
⑥Ifyoudontunderstandsomethingyoumayresearchstudyandtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigure_it_out.2017·北京高考单选如果你不了解某个事物,你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨,直到你把它弄清楚
⑦Wefiguredonyouringearlytohelpus.我们期待你们会早些来帮助我们[语境串记] Beingapopularsocialfigureshealwaysmanagestokeepherfigureandfiguresoutwaystoattracttheattentionofthemajority.作为一位受欢迎的公众人物,她总能保持身材并且想出办法来吸引公众的注意力[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Weareinadifficultpositioninthatwehavenobodyproperlyqualifiedforthiswork.2.Afterthetyphoonpeoplefoundsometalltreesmeasuringmeasuremorethan10meterslyingontheground.3.Allovertheworldresearchersareracingagainsttheclocktofigureouthowbesttofeedmorepeopleinafastchangingworld.4.Exchangeyourideawithyourpartnerandthenwriteitdown.5.Hehadanineof2000yuanamonthsoitwasdifficultforhimtopayoffthedebts.6.MyfatherwarnedmeagainstgoingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowdedcrowdwithtourists.7.Whatarethemaindifferencesandsimilaritiessimilarbetweenthem8.InSouthAfricaEnglishisthelanguageinwhichblackparentswishtheirchildrento_be_educatededucate.9.Theriverhad_been_pollutedpollutebywasteproductsfromthefactorysothepolicewarnedpeoplenottobatheinit.10.InordertoremovepovertypoortheWorldBankhasswitcheditsfocustoprovidingassistancetodevelopingcountries.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuretobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.measure→measures2.Ifiguredthetrainticketsbutforgotthetaxifares.figured后加in3.OverseasChineseareparticularlysoughtafterforpositionswhichahighdegreeorleadershipisrequired.which→where4.Manypeopleinthevillagefellillbecauseofdrinkingthepollutingwater.polluting→polluted5.ItwasnotuntilJakecametoChinaasanexchangedstudentthissummerthathebegantorealizetheimportanceoflearningChinese.exchanged→exchangeⅢ.单句写作补全句子1.史密斯先生要求裁缝按照他的尺寸做些新衣服MrSmithaskedthetailortomakesomenewclothesto_his_own_measure.2.他偶尔也和邻居交流几句Heoccasionallyexchanged_a_few_words_withhisneighbours.3.在经过数月努力找一份服务员的工作未果之后,迪娜最终在当地广告事务所谋得了一个职位Dinahavingstruggledformonthstofindajobasawaitressfinallytook_up_a_positionatalocaladvertisingagency.4.在那些完全控制不了的事情上用最少的时间,并且弄清楚你能做些什么以带来改变Spendtheleasttimeonthosethingsthatarepletelyoutofcontrolandfigure_out_what_you_can_dotomakeadifference.5.那条路上挤满了看热闹的人Thatroadhasbeen_crowded_with_peoplewatchingtheexcitement.[第二板块 短语、句式突破] 1.upto直到;达到;到……为止;忙于;胜任;由……决定[经典例句] Shecontinuedtocareforherfatheruptothetimeofhisdeath.她一直照顾父亲,直到他去世[一词多义] 写出下列句中upto的含义
①Ifyouadvertiseyourgoodsinadishonestwayyouwillbefinedupto50000yuan.达到
②AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.2015·湖南高考直到
③Dontworry.Heisuptothejobthatyouofferedhim.胜任
④—Shallwehaveredwineorwhite—Itsuptoyou!由……决定beupto... 胜任/忙于……Itisuptosb.todosth.由某人决定做某事Itisuptoyou.随你的便/由你来决定
⑤Lifeislikeacupbutitsuptoyouto_decidedecidewhetheritsadrinkingcuporatoothbrushcup.生活就像一个杯子,但是它是“杯具”还是“洗具”,由你自己决定2.makeefforts努力[高考佳句] Thereforethefilmindustryshouldmakegreatereffortstoattractmoreviewers.2017·江苏高考书面表达因此,电影业应该更加努力吸引更多的观众1maketodosth.尽一切努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事2witheffort努力地withouteffort毫不费力地;容易地
①Moreeffortsasreportedwill_be_mademakeintheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupplysidestructuralreform.2016·江苏高考单选据报道,为加快供给侧结构性改革,今后几年将会付出更多的努力
②Nopainsnogains.Iamsurethatwith_your_great_efforts_youwillenjoyacolorfulandfruitfullifehere.2014·江西高考书面表达不劳无获我相信只要你们付出巨大努力,你们就会在这里享有一种丰富多彩、硕果累累的生活
③Foodsafetyisveryimportantsothegovernmentsparesnoeffortto_preventpreventfoodpollution.食品安全非常重要,因此政府不遗余力地防止食品污染[联想发散] “尽一切努力做某事”的表达法还有
①try/doonesbesttodosth.
②doallthatsb.cantodosth.
③dowhatsb.cantodosth.3.be/getcloseto靠近,接近;即将发生[教材原句] Tourismisimportanttobothofthemandtheyarebothclosetosomeofthemostbeautifulcountrysideintheregion.对于两个城市来说,旅游业都很重要,而且这两个城市与该地区最美丽的一些乡村近在咫尺1closedown 广播电台、电视台停止播音,停播;工厂等的关闭,歇业closein包围;封闭;逼近closeup关闭,停歇;靠拢,靠近,靠紧2closev.关闭 adj.实力接近的;严密的;亲密的 adv.靠近指距离上closelyadv.密切地,仔细地指程度或关系的紧密closedadj.关着的,闭着的,停业的
①Ilovegettingclosetonaturetorelaxaftertheexam.我喜欢在考试后去接近大自然来放松一下
②IcantbelievethattherestaurantwhereIhaveeatensuchwonderfulmealsisgoingtoclosedown.我不相信那家饭店要停业了,我曾在那儿吃过很可口的饭
③IthinkitwasCharlieChaplinwhosaidthatcloseup_humanlifeistragicbutfromadistanceitsfunny.我想应该是查理·卓别林说的这句话吧靠近看,人生就是个悲剧,但从远处看,又很有趣4.NorwayisatthetopofthelistwhiletheUSisatnumber
7.挪威高居榜首,而美国则排在第七本句中while作并列连词,表示对比或转折,意为“然而;可是”;while还可作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”;引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管;虽然;只要”[一词多义] 写出下列句中while的含义
①Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaventenough.然而;可是
②Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlifenotallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.2016·浙江高考单选尽管;虽然
③Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyouretryingtogetworkdone.2017·全国卷Ⅱ当……时候
④Whilethereisalifethereishope.只要[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.选用所给短语完成下面语段LiMingwholivedinapoorfamilywenttoschool
1.up_totheageofeight.Hewasnotgoodathisstudiesinthebeginning.
2.To_make_surehecouldcatchupwithotherstudentshisteachersdecidedtohelphimafterclass.Withtheteachershelphe
3.made_great_progressinhisstudies.Lasttermhewas
4.at_the_top_oftheexamlist.Hebelievedthathewassuretogotoanidealuniversityby
5.making_efforts.Ⅱ.句型转换1.Thisquestionisveryimportant.→Thisquestionisof_great_importance.2.Thispairofshoesisnotthesameinsize.→Thispairofshoesisnotof_the_same_size.3.Somepeoplelikelivinginthecity.Otherspreferlivinginthecountryside.→Somepeoplelikelivinginthecitywhile_others_prefer_living_in_the_countryside.4.Atemplestandsonthetopofthemountain.→Onthetopofthemountainstands_a_temple.5.Becausehegotuplatehedidntcatchtheearlybus.→Hedidntcatchtheearlybus.Thats_becausehegotuplate.提能一 用课文词汇写高分作文development,household,ine,poverty,tourism,takemeasures,makeefforts,fortunately,educate1.补全要点句“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语
①随着经济的发展,大多数人的生活水平提高了Withthedevelopmentofeconomymostpeopleslivingstandardhasrisen.
②在这个地区中一些家庭仍然收入低,生活在贫困中Inthisregionsomehouseholdsstillhavealowineandliveinpoverty.
③幸运地是,政府正在采取措施以改变他们的生活Fortunately_thegovernmentistaking_measurestochangetheirlife.
④他们认为教育很重要并且所有的孩子都应该接受教育Theythinkeducationisveryimportantandallthechildrenshouldbeeducated.
⑤政府正在努力提高经济发展水平,例如,发展旅游业Thegovernmentismaking_effortstoimprovethedevelopmentofeconomyforexampledevelopingthetourism.2.升级平淡句1用while作并列连词合并句
①和句
②With_the_development_of_economy_most_peoples_living_standard_has_risen_while_in_this_region_some_households_still_have_a_low_ine_and_live_in_poverty.2用“of+n.”改写句
④They_think_education_is_of_great_importance_and_all_the_children_should_be_educated.3.衔接成语篇注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇firstsecondWiththedevelopmentofeconomymostpeopleslivingstandardhasrisenwhileinthisregionsomehouseholdsstillhavealowineandliveinpoverty.Fortunatelythegovernmentistakingmeasurestochangetheirlife.Firsttheythinkeducationisofgreatimportanceandallthechildrenshouldbeeducated.Secondthegovernmentismakingeffortstoimprovethedevelopmentofeconomyforexampledevelopingthetourism.提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句 [本单元突破点——并列连词连接的宾语从句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutthatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.由连词but连接的两个that引导的宾语从句Axani在公告中写到,他并不寻求任何回报,使用这张额外机票的女士既可以选择和他一起旅行,也可以把票拿走独自去旅行真题长难句Axaniwroteinhispostthatheisnotlookingforanythinginreturnandthatthewomanwhousestheextraticketcanchoosetoeithertravelwithhimortaketheticketandtravelonherown.2017·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空由连词and连接的两个并列的宾语从句众所周知,中国还是一个发展中国家,作为中学生,我们要了解发展中国家与发达国家之间的差异,然后思考怎样去缩小我们国家与发达国家的差异,从而努力学习、建设美丽祖国此话题通常出现在阅读理解、完形填空等题型中,以说明文居多话题与语篇[考题示例] 2013·北京高考七选五UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecentlythevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5500yearsago.__1__Infactnearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural乡村的villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.__2__Theprocessofurbanization—themigration迁徙ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernizationwhichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1900fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Todayover82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.__3__Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocietiesittookaboutninetyfivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.__4__Untilmoderntimesthoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite精英andtheservantslaborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.OverthepasttwocenturiestheIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.__5__TodayinsteadofneedingninetyfivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeopleoneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednonfarmers.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsagoonlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.[策略指导] 一这样读文速读全文,可知文章体裁为说明文,主要讲述了城市化的形成与发展其行文脉络如下二这样做题[名师解题]语篇解读继英国率先成为城市化社会后,许多国家纷纷效仿,掀起了轰轰烈烈的城市化运动1.选E 根据上一句以及下一句的内容可知,此处是按时间顺序叙述城市化的进程的,且E项中的“onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities”与下一句中的“nearlyeveryonelivedonfarms”相呼应2.选D 第一段的后半部分提到英国在20世纪成为第一个城市化社会,本段第一句提到英国仅仅是个开端,由此可知不久以后许多其他工业国家也成为城市化社会3.选B 结合前两句中提到的82%和2%可知,此处应叙述其余的人居住在何处4.选A 根据前两句的内容,尤其是“Largecitieswereimpossible”可知,受农业社会的限制,当时的城市规模很小本段后半部分提到的当时的城市规模受限于剩余食物的数量也是线索提示5.选F 上一句中提到工业革命打破了城市和农村的平衡,再结合下一句中的“oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednonfarmers”可判断此项正确[阅读七选五系列技法2] “细节线索题”——关注关键词语词汇是考生理解文章,做好阅读七选五的基础,只有考生正确地理解了词汇的含义,才能够把握好词汇在文章中的意义,进而做出正确的判断首先考生需要关注空前后的名词和动词,这些词汇是文章中的关键词,然后在选项中查找与之相关的同义词、反义词或表示一类事物的词语等其次是题目和选项中相呼应的代词、数词、时间的词等,这些词汇对于设空处语句的选择具有一定的指导和暗示作用,会帮助考生找到细节线索,从而做出正确的判断下面我们以上文第5小题为例,空格前后的关键词有“theIndustrialRevolutionfarmersfeed”等,观察选项F.“Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.”,“Modernization”与文中关键词“theIndustrialRevolution”近义,“farmers”与文中“farmers”是同词再结合上下文文意,我们不难选择出答案应该为F项三这样积累1.relativelyadv. 相当地;相对地2.tinyadj.微小的;很少的3.urbanadj.城市的;住在都市的4.majorityn.多数5.agriculturen.农业6.nomorethan仅仅7.theIndustrialRevolution工业革命8.insteadof代替9.morethan超过Ⅰ.阅读理解ALikemanyyoungpeoplearoundtheworldEmmanueldreamedofgettingauniversityeducationintheUnitedStates.The26yearoldisanundocumentedimmigrant.ThismeanshedoesnothavetheofficialpermissionneededtoenterliveinorworkintheU.S.EmmanuelcametoAmericafromMexicofiveyearsagowhenhediscoveredthathehadtolearnEnglishandhisdreamwasmuchmoredifficulttoachieve.Themajordifficultyherealizedwasthattherewereveryfewopportunitiesforhimtoreallyreceiveaformaleducation.Federallawsdonotpreventimmigrantsfromgoingtocollege.Butlawsdobanillegalimmigrantsfromreceivinggovernmentfinancialaid.Theaveragecostofafouryeardegreeatapublicuniversityis$
9410.Byparisontheaveragecostataprivateuniversityis$
32405.ManyimmigrantsetotheU.S.withlittlemoneysotheyusuallycantaffordtheexpensiveeducation.EmmanuelreadaboutUniversityofthePeoplewhichhasnotuitionfee.Theclassesandteachingmaterialsareallfreeonline.Alltheteachersarevolunteers.Butstudentsmustbeatleast18yearsoldandhavepletedhighschool.Theuniversityjustrequiresstudentstopaya$50applicationfeewhentheyareadmittedanda$100testfeewhentheypleteaclass.ShaiReshefisthepresidentofUniversityofthePeople.HewasborninIsrael.Hedecidedtocreateatuitionfreeuniversityaftervisitingseveralpoorcountrieswherepeoplehadlimitedhighereducationopportunities.HenotesthatUniversityofthePeopleisamodeltoshowuniversitiesandgovernmentsthattheissuecanbesolved.Highereducationcanbeaffordablecanbehighqualityandshouldntleaveanyonebehind.Currentlytherearemorethan2500studentsstudyingwiththeUniversityofthePeople.Itonlyprovidesdegreesinputerscienceandbusinessadministration.Theuniversityexpectsthestudentnumbertodoublenextyear.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文伊曼纽尔梦想着在美国接受大学教育,他从墨西哥非法移民来到了美国,却发现自己的梦想比想象的更加难以实现,幸运的是他找到了美国人民大学1.WhatsthebiggestproblemforEmmanuelA.HedidntunderstandEnglishatall.B.Ittookhimseveralyearstofindajob.C.Itwashardforhimtoreceiveeducation.D.Hemissedhisnativecountryverymuch.解析选C 细节理解题根据第一段最后一句可知,最大的困难是像他这样的非法移民很难有机会在美国真正接受正规教育2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph2A.ItsagainsttheU.S.lawsforimmigrantstogetacollegeeducation.B.Thecostofpublicuniversitiesishigherthanthatofprivateones.C.Peoplepay$32405eachyearforlearningataprivateuniversity.D.TheU.S.governmentdoesntofferillegalimmigrantsmoneyhelp.解析选D 细节理解题根据第二段可知,美国联邦法律未禁止移民上大学,但是法律禁止非法移民获得政府的财政援助3.WhatdoesShaiReshefthinkabouthighereducationA.ItisdifficultinIsrael.B.Thecostofitneedstobeincreased.C.Itshouldbeaccessibletoeverybody.D.Peopleinpoorcountriesdontneedtoreceiveit.解析选C 推理判断题由第四段可知,校长沙伊·瑞希夫指出,美国人民大学是一个典范,向各个大学和政府表明高等教育问题是可以解决的高等教育是可以负担得起、可以高质量的,而且不应该抛弃任何人4.WhatdoweknowabouttheUniversityofthePeopleA.Itisenjoyingagoodmarket.B.Thereareawidevarietyofcourses.C.Studentsneedtopaynothingtostudythere.D.Anybodyovertheageof18willbeaccepted.解析选A 推理判断题根据最后一段“Theuniversityexpectsthestudentnumbertodoublenextyear.”可知,美国人民大学预计明年的人数将翻番,即这个学校很有市场根据第三段可知,C、D两项错误BWhenAdanGonzalezwasahighschoolstudentinapoorneighborhoodinDallasTXhehaddreamedofgoingtocollege.Butfirstheneededtogetthroughhighschool.Thenheneededtoapplyforcollege.AtonetimeAdansharedonebedroomwithsixotherswhilehisfatherworkedlonghoursasacustodian看门人andhismotherheldparttimejobstohelpfeedthefamily.UnlikemanyotherstudentsinAmericatherewasnoInternetinhisapartmentandtoooftennoelectricity.TopletehomeworkrequiringonlineaccesshewouldwalklateatnightaftersportspracticestoaMcDonaldsorStarbuckstocatchenoughofWiFisignalstofinishhishomeworkonaborrowedlaptop.Whenhehadtoresearchandapplyforcollegehehitthestreetsinsearchofasignalthatdidnthaveapasswordattachedtoit.FortunatelyAdanwasresourcefulhardworkingandpatienttojumpoverthis_gap_in_technologywhichtrapsmanyotherpooryouths.IntodaysdigitalworldstudentscantlearnaswellwithouttheInternet.Goingforwardintotomorrowtherewillonlybeabiggergap差距betweentheInternethavesandthehavenots.Asthehavenotscontinuetostruggletokeepupourentireeducationalsystemwillalsostruggletokeepupgloballyandlaterourworkforcewillstruggletoo.Andthatsanevenbiggerprobleminthenearfuture.RecentlyAdanhasgraduatedfromGeorgetownUniversitydecoratedwithnationalawardscaptainoftheboxingteamandhasengagedover10000youthsthroughhisSiSePuedeNetwork.Yesthisishisstory.Andnowweneedtochangeitsootherscanhavethesamehappyendingwithoutasmanystrugglesinthestory.语篇解读现在的高中生做家庭作业需要使用互联网,但是很多学生因贫穷无法使用互联网5.FromParagraph2wecanlearnthatAdanGonzalez________.A.hadtohelpfeedhisfamilyB.hadapoorfamilybackgroundC.didntlikelivingwithhisfamilyD.usedtoturnofflightstosavemoney解析选B 推理判断题根据第二段可知,Adan的爸爸是个看门人,妈妈做临时工补贴家用,家里7个孩子共用一个房间,家里没网且经常没电,他要上网的时候得去麦当劳或星巴克蹭网由此可知,他的家庭比较贫困6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisgapintechnology”inParagraph3probablyrefertoA.Havingnoelectricity.B.Havingnolaptopstouse.C.HavingnoWiFipassword.D.HavingnoInternetforhomework.解析选D 词义猜测题根据第二段内容可知,Adan无法连接互联网来完成家庭作业,“thisgapintechnology”指的就是这事7.Paragraph4mainlyshowsthat________.A.todayseducationalsystemisstrugglingB.manystudentsstruggleinthisdigitalworldC.havingInternetisimportanttotodaysstudentsD.thewholecountrysworkforcewillsufferoneday解析选C 段落大意题根据第四段中的“IntodaysdigitalworldstudentscantlearnaswellwithouttheInternet”以及“Asthehavenotscontinuetostruggletokeepupourentireeducationalsystemwillalsostruggle...”可知,这一段主要表明能够上网对于现在的学生来说很重要8.Thetextismostprobablywrittento________.A.shareAdanGonzalezslifestoryB.inspirereaderswithAdanGonzalezsstoryC.showtodaysworldisunfairtopoorstudentsD.inviteustohelppoorstudentshaveaccesstotheInternet解析选D 写作意图题根据最后一段最后一句可知,本文旨在通过Adan的故事呼吁人们关注贫困学生使用互联网的情况Ⅱ.完形填空ManyyearsagoinasmallIndianvillageafarmerhadthemisfortuneofowingalargesumofmoneytoavillagemoneylender.Themoneylenderwhowasoldandugly__1__thefarmersbeautifuldaughter.Soheproposedan__2__.Hesaidhewouldcancelthefarmersdebt__3__hecouldmarryhisdaughter.Boththefarmerandhisdaughterwerehorrifiedbythe__4__.Sothecunningmoneylendersuggestedthattheyletprovidence天意__5__thematter.Hetoldthemthathewouldputablackstoneandawhitestoneintoan__6__moneybag.Thenthegirlwouldhaveto__7__onestonefromthebag.Ifshepickedtheblackoneshewouldbeehis__8__andherfathersdebtwouldbeforgiven.Sheneednotmarryhimandherfathersdebtwouldstillbe__9__,ifshepickedthewhiteone.Ifshe__10__topickastoneherfatherwouldbethrownintojail.Theywere__11__onastonepathinthefarmersfield.Astheytalkedthemoneylenderbentovertopickuptwostones.Ashepickedthemupthesharpeyedgirlnoticedthathehadpickeduptwo__12__stonesandputthemintothebag.Hethen__13__thegirltopickastonefromthebag.Thegirlputher__14__intothemoneybaganddrewoutastone.Without__15__itsheletitfallontothestonepathwhereit__16__becamelostamongalltheotherstones.“Ohhow__17__ofme!”shesaid.“Butnevermind.Ifyoulookintothebagfortheonethatis__18__,youwillbeabletotellwhichstoneIpicked.”Themoneylenderdarednotadmithis__19__.Thegirlchangedwhatseemedan__20__situationintoanextremelyadvantageousone.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文狡猾的放债者想要用计谋骗娶农夫的女儿,可是女孩的聪明和机智使局面转危为安1.A.adoptedB.hatedC.worriedD.liked解析选D 根据下文可知,放债者想要娶农夫的女儿,由此可推知,他喜欢liked她2.A.apologyB.showC.bargainD.petition解析选C 根据本空后的内容可知,放债者提出了一个协议bargain3.A.ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.asif解析选A 如果if他能够娶到农夫的女儿,农夫的债务就可以被免除4.A.suggestionB.callC.prizeD.answer解析选A 农夫和女儿对放债者所提出的建议suggestion感到非常害怕第2空前的proposed和本空后的suggested是提示5.A.discoverB.proveC.decideD.explain解析选C 下文叙述了放债者的具体方法,他的意思是想让天意决定decide这件事情6.A.fullB.emptyC.heavyD.harmful解析选B 根据第18空前的“Ifyoulookintothebagfortheone”等语境可知,此处指把石头放到空的empty钱袋子里7.A.throwB.breakC.controlD.pick解析选D 女孩将从袋子里挑选pick一块石头8.A.wifeB.servantC.secretaryD.friend解析选A 放债者的要求是如果拿到黑色石头,她就要成为他的妻子wife9.A.preparedB.huntedC.cancelledD.described解析选C 根据本空前的still可推知,如果拿到白色石头,农夫的债务也仍然会被免除cancelled10.A.learnedB.plannedC.pretendedD.refused解析选D 如果女孩拒绝refused选出石头,她的父亲将会被送进监狱11.A.runningB.standingC.lyingD.sitting解析选B 根据下句的“bentovertopickuptwostones”可知,他们是站在standing石头路上的12.A.greenB.whiteC.yellowD.black解析选D 女孩看到了他拾起的石头,同时根据女孩下面的做法可推知,狡猾的放债者放进袋子里的是两块黑色的black石头13.A.beggedB.askedC.forbadeD.taught解析选B 放债者把石头放进袋子里,要求asked女孩去挑选14.A.moneyB.stoneC.handD.gift解析选C 女孩把手hand伸进袋子里去挑选石头15.A.lookingatB.payingforC.dependingonD.dreamingof解析选A 没有看lookingat挑出来的石头,女孩就把石头丢到了地上16.A.slowlyB.hardlyC.immediatelyD.secretly解析选C 被丢掉的石头立刻immediately与其他石头混在了一起17.A.carelessB.selfishC.helpfulD.kind解析选A 女孩儿对放债者说自己粗心careless,竟然把石头掉到了地上因此她要求放债者看看袋子里剩下的left是什么颜色的石头18.A.changedB.missedC.hiddenD.left解析选D 参见上题解析19.A.happinessB.dishonestyC.braveryD.courage解析选B 放债者并没有按着协议放两块不同颜色的石头,而是放了两块黑色的石头,因此他不敢承认自己的不诚实dishonesty20.A.ordinaryB.impossibleC.perfectD.ideal解析选B 女孩儿把不可能的impossible情况变成了有利于自己的局面。