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Module3BodyLanguageandNon-verbalmunication[一积词汇见多识广] [课内单词回扣]一阅读词汇写其义1.weaponn. 武器 2.foreheadn. 前额3.bowvi.鞠躬4.palmn.手掌5.slapvt.掌击6.funeraln.葬礼7.toastn.祝酒;干杯8.classicaladj.古典的;古代的9.handclapn.拍手10.wristn.手腕二表达词汇写其形1.starevi.凝视;盯着看2.rudeadj.粗鲁的;无礼的3.requestn.请求;要求4.applausen.掌声5.dealn.协议;交易6.gesturen.姿势;姿态7.spreadvi.张开8.panicv.恐慌;惊慌9.liveadj.现场的10.blankadj.空白的11.bendvt.弯下腰12.hugvt.紧抱;拥抱13.wipevt.擦;抹;揩14.hostn.主人三拓展词汇灵活用*
1.municatevi.用语言、信号传递信息;交流;沟通→municationn.交流;沟通*
2.varyvi.变化;大小、形状等相异,不同→varietyn.变化;多样化;种类→variableadj.易变的;变化的→variousadj.各种各样的;多方面的
3.formaladj.正式的→反义词informaladj.非正式的*
4.traditionallyadv.传统地→traditionaladj.传统的→traditionn.传统*
5.threateningadj.恐吓的;具有威胁的→threatenv.威胁→threatn.威胁
6.consciousadj.意识到的;自觉的→反义词unconsciousadj.无意识的;无知觉的*
7.favourn.恩惠;善意的行为;支持;赞同→favourableadj.赞同的;有利的→favouriteadj.特别喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人或事物
8.invitationn.邀请→invitevt.邀请
9.performancen.表演→performern.表演者→performv.表演;表现
10.judgementn.判断;意见→judgev.判断n.裁判;法官
11.socialadj.社会的→societyn.社会用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1.ThereisatraditioninourfamilythatwehaveapartyonNewYearsEve.WeusuallyhaveChinastraditionalfood—dumplingsonthatday.tradition2.Beingoutofworkisthreatening.Butthethreatcanurgetheworkerstoworkharder.threat3.Iminfavouroftheplanwhichwillbefavourabletothedevelopmentofchildren.favour4.Inourdailylifemunicationplaysanimportantpartsoitsimportanttodeveloptheabilitytomunicatewithothers.municate5.Thereareavarietyofanimalsandplantsintheworld.Theyvaryinshapeandsizeandexistinmanypartsoftheworld.Butforvariousreasonssomeofthemaredyingout.vary[话题单词积累]1.greet/ɡriːt/vt. 迎接;问候2.approach/əprəʊtʃ/v.接近;靠近;走近3.cheek/tʃiːk/n.面颊4.misunderstand/ˌmIsʌndəstænd/vt.误解;误会5.misunderstanding/ˌmIsʌndəstændIŋ/n.误解;误会6.understanding/ʌndəstændIŋ/n.理解7.spoken/spəʊkən/adj.口语的8.unspoken/ˌʌnspəukən/adj.未说出口的;非口语的9.posture/pɒstʃə/n.姿势;体态10.frown/fraʊn/v.皱眉;蹙额11.misread/mIsriːd/vt.读错,误解12.facial/feIʃəl/adj.面部的13.anger/æŋɡə/n.怒气,怒火14.fist/fIst/n.拳头15.yawn/jɔːn/vi.打哈欠16.kiss/kIs/n.v.吻17.touch/tʌtʃ/v.触摸18.shoulder/ʃəʊldə/n.肩膀19.nod/nɒd/n.v.点头20.disagreement/dIsəɡriːmənt/n.不同意21.agreement/əɡriːmənt/n.同意22.roll/rəʊl/v.转动;滚动23.clap/klæp/n.v.鼓掌;拍手24.pat/pæt/vt.轻拍25.shrug/ʃrʌɡ/v.耸肩26.finger/fIŋɡə/n.手指27.offence/əfens/n.过错28.confusing/kənfjuːzIŋ/adj.令人困惑的[二积短语顿挫抑扬] [课内短语回扣]一根据汉语写出下列短语
1.municate_with 和……交流
2.vary_from_..._to_...从……到……变化
3.shake_hands_with与……握手*
4.on_guard保持警惕
5.make_a_deal达成协议;做成交易*
6.hold_up举起;阻碍;承受住*
7.give_away_暴露自己的情况;捐赠
8.lift_up_举起;抬起
9.up_and_down一上一下地;起起落落;来来回回*
10.by_accident_偶然地
11.say_hello_to_向……问好
12.switch_on_打开灯、无线电等二用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1.Johnsaidhewasntdisappointedattheresultofthebasketballgamebutthelookonhisfacegavehimaway.2.Hemusthavebeenheld_uponhiswayhereinthetrafficjam.3.Alotoffamousscientistsmadesomeamazingdiscoveriesby_accidentwhiletheywereactuallylookingforsomethingelse.4.Youshouldbeon_guardwhenastrangerstandsinfrontofyourhouse.[话题短语积累]1.showrespectfor 对……表示尊重2.onpurpose故意地3.turnonesbackto背对4.loseface丢脸5.atease舒适;快活;自由自在6.stepback后退7.putup举起8.indefence防卫9.reachoneshandout伸出手10.closeto靠近11.belikelyto很可能12.fromsidetoside从一边到另一边13.lookawayfrom把目光从……移开14.bequiet安静15.pointto指向16.beawareof知道,了解17.turnaround转身18.agreewith同意[三积句式写作扮靓] [课内句式仿写]1.“morethan+n.”表示“不仅仅是,不只是”[例句] Althoughtheseareveryimportantwemunicatewithmorethanjustspokenandwrittenwords.[仿写] 自信心不仅仅是一种态度;它来自于一个坚定的承诺来承担责任,而不是随波逐流Confidenceismore_thanjustanattitude;itesfromastrongmitmenttotakeresponsibilityratherthanjustletlifehappen.2.独立主格结构[例句] Onepersonthenholdsuphishandpalmoutwardsandfivefingersspread.[仿写] 照片中的女孩在甜蜜地微笑,她的长发在微风中飘扬Thegirlinthephotowassmilingsweetlyher_long_hair_flowinginthebreeze.3.“主语+be+adj.+todo”结构[例句] Bodylanguageisfascinatingforanyonetostudy.[仿写] 一篇没有任何标点符号的文章是很难懂的Apieceofwritingwithoutanypunctuationis_difficult_to_understand.4.everytime引导时间状语从句[例句] InRussiayoushouldmakeatoasteverytimeyoutakeasipfromyourglass.[仿写] 每次看到这些照片,我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光Ithinkofthehappyhourswespenttogetherevery_time_I_see_these_photos.[话题佳句背诵]
1.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesamewaynoraretheyfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同2.HoweverpeoplefromplaceslikeSpainItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelytotouchthem.不过,来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方,而且很可能去用身体接触对方3.MostpeoplearoundtheworldnowgreeteachotherbyshakinghandsbutsomeculturesuseothergreetingsaswellsuchastheJapanesewhoprefertobow.现在世界上多数人见面要握手相互问候,但有些文化背景的人会采取另外一些寒暄方式比方说,日本人就更愿意鞠躬4.Themostuniversalfacialexpressionisofcoursethesmile—itsfunctionistoshowhappinessandputpeopleatease.微笑当然是最普遍通用的面部表情,它的作用是表示快乐和安人心境[四背语段语感流畅] Wemunicatewithmorethanjustspokenandwrittenwords.Wealsousebodylanguageveryoftenwhichvariesfromculturetoculture.Peoplefromdifferentcultureshavedifferentwaystogreeteachother.Forexamplewhenwenodatsomebodywemeanweagreewithhisorheropinion.Butinsomecountriesitmeansdisagreement.Asaresulttheyarelikelytohavemisunderstandingwhenmunicating.Sowhenabroadweshouldremembertheproverb“WheninRomeDoastheRomansDo”;whileathomeweshouldtrytoputforeignersatease.我们不只是通过口头和书面语言交流,我们也经常使用身体语言,它因文化不同而不同来自不同文化的人们有不同的方式相互问候例如,当我们朝某人点头时,我们表示同意他或者她的观点但是在一些国家,它表示不同意结果,他们交流时很可能会误解因此在国外时,我们应该记住这个谚语“入乡随俗”;而在国内时,我们应努力使外国人舒适自在[第一板块 重点词汇突破] [师生共研词汇]1.varyvi.变化;不同vt.变更;改变[教材原句] Weseeexamplesofunconsciousbodylanguageveryoftenyetthereisalso“learned”bodylanguagewhichvariesfromculturetoculture.我们经常看到无意识的身体语言,但也有“习得的”身体语言,“习得的”身体语言在不同的文化中各不相同1varywith 随……而变化varyfrom不同于……varyin在……方面不同/有差异varyfrom...to...由……到……情况不等2varietyn.变化;多样性;种类avarietyof=varietiesof各种各样的3variousadj.各种各样的;不同的
①Thecolorofthatanimalvarieswiththeseason.那种动物的颜色随着季节而改变
②Opinionsonthismattervaryfrompersontoperson.对于这件事,人人意见不一
③Iwanttoknowwhetherthisplantcanadapttoavarietyvaryofsoils.我想知道是否这种植物能够适应各种土壤2.involvevt.包括;涉及;使参与;需要[教材原句] GreetingsinAsiancountriesdonotinvolvetouchingtheotherpersonbuttheyalwaysinvolvethehands.亚洲国家的问候并不包括触摸别人,但总是有手的接触1involvesb.indoingsth. 使某人参与做某事;使某人牵扯到某事中involvedoingsth.包括做某事;需要做某事2involvedadj.复杂的;有牵连的;涉及的;有关的get/beinvolvedin被卷入……之中;热衷于;专心于be/getinvolvedwithsb./sth.与某人混在一起;和某事有密切联系
①Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhichinvolvedspendingspendquitealotoftimewithstudents.米歇尔找到了一份高中老师的工作,这份工作需要花费相当长的时间和学生在一起
②Themanagerinterviewedeveryoneinvolvedinvolveintheaccidenttofindoutthetruthbehindwhathadactuallyhappened.经理和每一个与事故有关的人进行了面谈,就是为了弄清楚事故背后的真实发生的情况
③Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesinmunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.学生应该参与社区活动,他们能从活动中获取成长的经验[名师指津] involvedadj.作前置定语时,意为“复杂的”;作后置定语时,意为“涉及的”例如aninvolvedsentence“一个复杂的句子”;thepeopleinvolved“所涉及的人”3.panicv.n.惊慌;恐慌[教材原句] Ifyourmindgoesblanktrynottopanic.如果你脑子里一片空白,尽量不要惊慌1panicsb.intodoingsth. 使某人惊慌地做某事Dontpanic!别慌!用于劝告别人保持镇静2getintoapanic惊慌失措表示动作inapanic惊慌失措地;恐慌地
①Allthepeoplegot_intoapanicwhentheearthquakehappened.当地震发生的时候,所有人都惊慌失措
②Notonlydoonlinerumorscausepeoplein_panic_buttheyalsodisturbpublicorder.不仅网络谣言使人们惊慌失措,而且它们也使公共秩序混乱
③Shoppersarepanickedintobuyingbuythingstheydontneed.购物者因惊慌而买他们不需要的东西4.requestn.vt.请求;要求[教材原句] MrandMrsHarryBlunkettrequestthepleasureofyourpanyattheweddingoftheirdaughter...哈里·布伦基特夫妇非常荣幸地邀请您参加他们女儿的婚礼……1makearequestfor 请求;要求atonesrequest=attherequestofsb.应某人的要求on/uponrequest一经要求2requestsb.todosth.请求/要求某人做某事requestthat...shoulddosth.要求……做某事Itsrequestedthat...shoulddosth.要求……做某事
①Myparentsrequestedmeto_learnlearnasecondforeignlanguage.我的父母要求我学习第二门外语
②WhatsyouropinionofMrLisrequestthatweshould_spendspendhalfanhourreadingEnglishaloudeverymorning你怎么看李老师要求我们每天早晨大声朗读半小时英语呢?
③Sheboughtthenewputerat_the_request_ofherthreechildren.她应三个孩子的要求购买了新电脑[名师指津] request后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或用于“Itis/wasrequestedthat...”句型中时,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,形式为“should+do”,should可以省略5.favourfavorn.恩惠;善意的行为;赞成;偏袒vt.支持;偏袒;喜爱[教材原句] CanIaskyouafavour能请你帮我一个忙吗?1asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb. 请某人帮忙doafavourforsb.=dosb.afavour给某人以恩惠;帮助某人inonesfavour有利于某人infavourof支持;赞成;有利于2favourableadj.赞同的;有利的favouriteadj.n.特别喜爱欢的东西
①Allthepeoplepresentatthemeetingarein_favour_oftheplan.所有出席会议的人都赞成该计划
②Hedidheragreatfavourbygivinghersomevaluablesuggestions.→Hedid_a_great_favour_for_herbygivinghersomevaluablesuggestions.他通过给她一些极有价值的建议帮了她一个大忙
③EventhoughwehavesometroublerightnowIthinkthefinalresultwillbein_our_favour.即使我们现在还有一些问题,我想最后结果还是会对我们有利的[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.OnlybypracticingalotcanwelearnourEnglishwellenoughto_municatemunicatewithforeigners.2.ShehasbeenreceivingthreateningthreatenphonecallssinceshereturnedfromAmerica.3.Look!Fromoppositethestreetetwokidsscreaminginpanic.4.Attherequestoftheaudiencethesingersanganothersong.5.“Genius”isaplicatedconceptinvolvinginvolvemanydifferentfactors.6.TeachersareincreasinglyconsciousoftheimportanceoftheInternet.7.MyfriendLucyisleaving.Iwilldoherafavouranddrivehertotheairport.8.2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达PapercuttingisatraditionaltraditionChineseartwithalonghistorywhichispopularamongmanypeople.9.Afterthethreeyearwarthetwosidesmadeadealatlastwitheachotherandstoppedfighting.10.Changesinpricenormallyvarywithchangesofsupplyandneed.Ⅱ.单句改错1.MydaughterstaredmeangrilyasifIwereherwickedstepmother.stared后加at2.Inthefastmovinginformationageteenagersshouldkeeppacewiththemediaenvironmentwheretheymunicatetotheoutsideworld.to→with3.ItisrequestedthatallmembersarepresentattheEnglishparty.are→be4.Involvinginhishomeworkhedidntnoticewhathappened.Involving_→Involved5.Thoughinthesamefamilythebirdsvarywithsizeandcolor.with→inⅢ.单句写作补全句子/一句多译/同义替换1.听到爆炸声,人群陷入恐慌中panicn.Hearingtheexplosionthe_crowd_got_into_a_panic.2.他要求对这件事保守秘密
①Herequested_that_the_matter_should_bekeptsecret.requestthat...
②Herequested_the_matter_to_bekeptsecret.requeststh.todo
③Hemade_a_request_for_the_matter_to_bekeptsecret.makearequestfor3.Thestoreprovidesthecustomerswithallkindsof=various/a_variety_of/varieties_ofgoodseveryday.4.Mostofthemsupported=were_in_favour/were_support_ofmyopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.[第二板块 短语、句式突破] 1.holdup举起;阻碍;承受住;支撑;延迟,延误[教材原句] Onepersonthenholdsuphishandpalmoutwardsandfivefingersspread.然后一个人举起他的手,手掌向外,五指展开[一词多义] 写出下列句中holdup的含义
①Haditnotbeenforthepostalstrikemyhomelettermightnothavebeenheldup.延迟,延误
②Afterthelectureoneoftheboyshelduphishandandaskedtheprofessortwoquestions.举起
③Therearetwolargewoodensupportsthatholduptheroof.支撑
④Howdoesheholdupundersucharesponsibility?承受住holdon 挺住;坚持住;打电话别挂断holdonto抓紧;不放开;保留;坚持holdback阻挡;拦阻;隐瞒;控制holdout在困境中坚持;伸出;提供;维持;主张
⑤Thepilotsaidhecouldonlyholdoutforanotherhourbeforehewouldhavetolandtheplanebecauseoflackoffuel.那个飞行员说他因缺少燃料迫降之前只能再坚持一个小时
⑥Whenheleftthetelephonetofetchapencilheaskedmetoholdon.当他放下电话去拿铅笔时,他让我别挂断电话2.giveaway暴露自己的情况;泄露秘密;赠送;捐赠;颁发[教材原句] Peoplegiveawaymuchmorebytheirgesturesthanbytheirwords.人们通过姿势传达的信息要比通过话语传达的多得多[一词多义] 写出下列句中giveaway的含义
①Althoughtheywerepretendinghardtobeyounggreyhairandwrinklesgaveawaytheirtrueage.暴露自己的情况
②Thecouplegaveawaymostoftheirfortunetothepoorintheirsmalltown.捐赠
③Dontmentionthatatthebeginningofthestory,oritmaygiveawaytheshockingending.泄露秘密giveback 归还;使恢复giveinto屈服;让步giveoff放出气味、光、热等;散发giveout分发;用完;耗尽;发出giveup放弃;认输givewayto给……让路/让步;被……代替
④ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.2017·全国卷Ⅱ科学家们发现各种植物在受到攻击时会释放出被称为VOCs的化学物质
⑤Neithersideispreparedtogiveintotheotherinthebordernegotiation.在边界谈判中,双方都不准备向对方让步3.Althoughtheseareveryimportantwemunicatewithmore_thanjustspokenandwrittenwords.尽管这些很重要,但我们并不只是通过口头和书面语言交流本句中“morethan+名词”表示“不仅仅是;不只是”1morethan+数词,表示“超过;多于”,相当于over2morethan+形容词,表示“很;非常”3morethan与情态动词can/could连用时,表示“超过了……所能”4more...than...“比……更;与其说……不如说……”5nomorethan+名词或基数词,表示“不过;仅仅;只有”侧重数量少6notmorethan+基数词,表示“至多;不超过”
①Parentsaremore_than_providersfortheirkidsandtheyarealsotheirfirstteachers.父母不仅是孩子的供养者,还是他们的启蒙老师
②Iwasmore_than_surprisedtoseehimbehindme.看到他在我身后,我十分吃惊
③Hewasmore_sad_than_angrywhenhissonliedagain.当他的儿子再次说谎时,他的悲伤甚于愤怒
④Formanywealthyfolkshousepurchaseis_no_more_thananinvestmentImafraid.对于许多富人来讲,恐怕买房只不过是一种投资而已4.Onepersonthenholdsuphishand,palm_outwards_and_five_fingers_spread.然后一个人举起他的手,手掌向外,五指展开“palmoutwardsandfivefingersspread”为独立主格结构,在句中作状语1独立主格结构的构成名词词组/代词+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语2句法功能在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等
①Alltheticketssold_out_theywentawaydisappointed.票已经全部卖光,他们只好失望地离去
②The_meeting_over_ourheadmastersoonleftthemeetingroom.散会了,我们的校长很快就离开了会议室
③Ourteachercameinbook_in_hand.我们老师手里拿着本书走了进来[名师指津] 在“名词+介词”构成的独立主格结构中,即使单数可数名词,前面也不用冠词,且不用任何其他修饰成分[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.hold短语介、副词填空1.Workonthebuildingsitehasbeenheldupbybadweather.2.Ifwebelievedsomethingwastruegoodandbeautifulweshouldholdontoit.3.Whenwegotintotroubletheyheldoutthehandoffriendshiptous.Ⅱ.give短语填空1.Wewillnevergive_in_whatevertheymightdoorsayaboutourplan.2.Theburningplasticgives_offpoisonousgaswhichisharmfultoourhealth.3.Ifapersonhasnthadenoughsleephisactionswillgivehimawayduringtheday.4.Icantgofurtheranylonger.Mystrengthhasgiven_out.5.ToacquireagoodknowledgeofEnglishhegave_uphisjobandwenttostudyinanEnglishschool.6.Give_way_tocarsthatefromtheleft.Ⅲ.运用所学短语完成下面语段YesterdayImetTominthepark
1.by_accident偶然地wherehewaswalking
2.up_and_down来来回回apparentlyanxiousaboutsomething.Iwentupand
3.said_hello_to向……问好him.ThenI
4.shook_hands_with与……握手himandaskedhimwhatwasthematter.Hesaidhishometownwasstruckbyaheavyflood.Wefinally
5.made_a_deal达成协议thatwewould
6.give_away捐赠somemoneytohishometowntohelpthevictims.Ⅳ.句型转换1.Aftertheproblemswassolvedthequalityhasbeenimproved.→The_problems_solved_thequalityhasbeenimproved.2.Itisdifficulttounderstandwhathesaid.→Whathesaidisdifficultto_understand.3.ThemountainouscountryissobeautifulthatIcantdescribe.→Thebeautyofthemountainouscountryismore_thanIcandescribe.4.WhenImethimeverytimehewouldsayhellotome.→Every_timeImethimhewouldsayhellotome.提能一 用课文词汇写高分作文munication,involve,request,holdup,agreatdealof,infavourof,varyfrom...to...1.补全要点句“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语
①教学方法因人而异Teachingmethodsvary_fromteachertoteacher.
②我们的英语老师有丰富的教学经验OurEnglishteacherhasa_great_deal_ofteachingexperience.
③她特别注重老师和学生间的交流Shepaysspecialattentiontothemunicationbetweentheteacherandthestudents.
④在课堂上,她让她的学生参与每项活动Sheinvolvesherstudentsineveryactivityinclass.
⑤当她提问问题时,任何知道答案的同学都可以举手回答Whensheasksquestionsanyonewhoknowstheanswerscanhold_uphis/herhandandanswerthem.
⑥如果问题有点难,她会要求我们分组讨论Ifthequestionisabitdifficultshewillrequestustodiscussingroups.
⑦我们都赞成她的教学方法Weareallin_favour_ofherteachingmethod.2.升级平淡句1用定语从句改写句
③并与句
②合并Our_English_teacher_has_a_great_deal_of_teaching_experience_who_pays_special_attention_to_the_munication_between_the_teacher_and_the_students.2用主语从句改写句
⑤When_she_asks_questions_whoever_knows_the_answers_can_hold_up_his/her_hand_and_answer_them.3.衔接成语篇注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇howeverallinallTeachingmethodsvaryfromteachertoteacher.OurEnglishteacherhasagreatdealofteachingexperiencewhopaysspecialattentiontothemunicationbetweentheteacherandthestudents.Sheinvolvesherstudentsineveryactivityinclass.Whensheasksquestionswhoeverknowstheanswerscanholduphis/herhandandanswerthem.Howeverifthequestionisabitdifficultshewillrequestustodiscussingroups.Allinallweareallinfavourofherteachingmethod.提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句 [本单元突破点——but连接的并列句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句GreetingsinAsiancountriesdonotinvolvetouchingtheotherpersonbuttheyalwaysinvolvethehands.本句含有转折连词but连接的并列句通常对第一株植物的伤害更严重,但是相对来说,邻居们会更安全,因为它们听到了警报并知道做什么真题长难句Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplantbuttheneighborsrelativelyspeakingstaysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D本句含有转折连词but连接的并列句非语言交流可以指代用以传播语言交流之外的所有行为,主要包括体态语、类语言、人际距离、辅助语,等等虽然大多数非语言交流具有普遍性,但是许多非语言行为都是文化潜移默化的结果文化是发展变化的,非语言交流也在不断变化,特别是在跨文化传播如此广泛、频繁的今天因此,为了更进一步做好跨文化交流,我们应该多了解不同地区、不同民族的文化作为新课标24个话题中的子话题,它频繁地以说明文或议论文的形式出现在高考中的各种考查形式中
一、话题与语篇[考题示例] 2016·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D
[1]Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtfulortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornnessuneasinessorworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyunfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap间隙withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingapersonsneeds.
[2]ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofmunicatingamongpeoplejustassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Thereforewhenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystopswhatmaybeimplied暗示isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Intheseculturessilenceisacallforreflection.
[3]Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherwaysparticularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.ForexampleRussianFrenchandSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.HoweverMexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.InstillanotherusepersonsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespectparticularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.
[4]Nursesandothercaregiversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheyeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatientssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing治愈valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.1.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversationsA.Itimpliesanger. B.Itpromotesfriendship.C.Itisculturespecific.D.Itiscontentbased.2.WhichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulthoughtA.TheChinese.B.TheFrench.C.TheMexicans.D.TheRussians.3.WhatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutsilenceA.Letitcontinueasthepatientpleases.B.Breakitwhiletreatingpatients.C.Evaluateitsharmtopatients.D.Makeuseofitshealingeffects.4.WhatmaybethebesttitleforthetextA.SoundandSilenceB.WhatItMeanstoBeSilentC.SilencetoNativeAmericansD.SpeechIsSilver;SilenceIsGold[策略指导] 一这样读文第1步宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1段第1段画波浪线部分不同文化里沉默代表不同的含义总体介绍总分模式第2段第2段画波浪线部分一些地方把沉默看作仔细思考的象征分项说明第3段第3段画波浪线部分沉默代表的其他文化内涵分项说明第4段第4段画波浪线部分沉默在医疗护理方面的作用分项说明第2步微观突破理解障碍[自主翻译] 因此,当一个来自这些文化背景的人正在谈话时突然停住了,这就可能暗示着他在继续谈话之前让听众想一想他所说的内容[自主翻译] 当护士和其他护理人员遇到他们的病人可能正在感到焦虑时,他们需要意识到沉默所代表的可能含义二这样做题[名师解题]1.推理判断题选C 根据第一段可知,沉默在不同的文化群体中代表不同的含义,这是由文化特异性造成的第一段的第一句是解题关键;A、B、D三项为“无中生有”型错误2.细节理解题选A 根据第二段可知,美国、中国和泰国人认为沉默是与人交流的一部分,沉默就是让倾听的人好好想想所说的内容,这是“acallforreflection”B、C、D三项为“张冠李戴”型错误3.细节理解题选D 根据第四段可知,当病人出现沉默的时候,护士们既不能过早地打断沉默,也不能毫无必要地让沉默一直持续下去,而应当根据治疗效果区别对待A、B、C三项为“无中生有”型错误4.标题归纳题选B 本文论述了沉默在不同文化和领域里具有不同的含义,故B项为最佳标题[阅读理解系列技法15] 利用主线,提炼文章标题有些文章的中心思想贯穿全文,但是没有用一句明确的话表达出来这就要求做题时利用主线,根据文章的每一部分的意义去全面考虑,综合分析,找出共同点,再归纳成一般概念如上文第4题三这样积累1.varyv. 不同 2.valuev. 重视;珍视3.traditionaladj.传统的4.reflectionn.思考;反思5.conflictn.冲突6.anxietyn.焦虑7.assistv.帮助;援助8.beviewedas被认为……9.ratherthan而不是10.beawareof清楚;搞明白11.makeattemptstodosth.试图做某事12.underdiscussion在讨论中
二、话题与写作[考题示例] 2010·湖北高考请你根据以下提示,结合生活中的一个事例,用英语写一篇短文,谈谈微笑的作用Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwalls.注意
①无须写标题;
②内容只需涉及一个方面;
③词数为100左右[写作规范] 第一步写对词汇不丢冤枉分1.紧张的 nervous2.自始至终throughout3.和……不同be_different_from4.朗读read_aloud5.自愿;志愿volunteer6.掌管;负责take_charge_of7.由于;多亏thanks_to8.自信的confident第二步列全要点、写对句子保基本分1.我仍然记得三年前在新学校的第一天我是多么紧张Istill_remember_how_nervous_I_was_onmyfirstdayinthenewschoolthreeyearsago.2.在第一节英语课上我发现很难跟上老师Ifound_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacherinthefirstEnglishclass.3.老师整堂课都说英语Theteacherspoke_English_throughout_the_class.4.这和我以前上的课完全不同Itwas_totally_different_from_the_lessonsIhadtakenbefore.5.一周后,我自愿负责我们班级的英语学习AweeklaterIvolunteered_to_take_charge_of_English_studyinmyclass.6.多亏了第一个早自习中那个欣慰的笑容,我开始变得自信起来Thanks_to_the_forting_smileinmyfirstmorningclassI_began_to_be_confident.第三步句式升级、打造亮点得高分1.用when引导的定语从句连接句1和句2I_still_remember_how_nervous_I_was_on_my_first_day_in_the_new_school_three_years_ago_when_I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher_in_the_first_English_class._2.用which引导的定语从句连接句3和句4The_teacher_spoke_English_throughout_the_class_which_was_totally_different_from_the_lessons_I_had_taken_before.第四步过渡衔接、润色成文创满分I_still_remember_how_nervous_I_was_on_my_first_day_in_the_new_school_three_years_ago_when_I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher_in_the_first_English_class._The_teacher_spoke_English_throughout_the_class_which_was_totally_different_from_the_lessons_I_had_taken_before.In_the_morning_class_the_next_day_the_English_teacher_came_to_me_while_I_was_reading_the_text_aloud_as_other_students._After_listening_to_me_for_a_while_she_gave_me_a_big_smile_and_said_she_liked_my_voice_very_much._The_smile_shone_on_the_whole_day_and_the_following_days._A_week_later_I_volunteered_to_take_charge_of_English_study_in_my_class._Thanks_to_the_forting_smile_in_my_first_morning_class_I_began_to_be_confident.Ⅰ.语法填空Manypeoplethinkthemoretimeisspentthemoreworkwillbedone.Sostudentshavetospendthewholeday__1__finishschoolworkexceptthethreemeals.Accordingtoasurvey__2__carryoutrecentlymanyhighschoolstudentsnowhavenomorethan7hourstosleep.Consequentlytheirhealthisseriouslydamaged.Modernstudentsusuallyhave__3__variousofinterestsandhobbies.Atwodayweekendcanfreethem__4__toomuchschoolworkandtheycandowhatevertheylike.Butthefactis__5__teachersarrangelotsofhomeworkforstudentstodoatweekends.Withpilesofhomework__6__dothestudentscannotaffordtimetoenjoythemselves.Manystudentsareboredwiththeirweekendhomeworkanddoitcarelessly__7__,ofcoursemakesteachersangry.Thingsalwaysgetworsewithoutrightideas.Toomuchschoolworkmakesstudentsloseinterestinlearning.Itsalsobadfortheirhealth.Ahorserunsfasterafterarest.Butforstudentsonlyrestisnotenough.Theyare__8__heavyburdenedwithtoomuchhomework.Itishightimewe__9__takeeffectivemeasurestoremovetheburdenuponthem.Pleasegivestudents__10__littlehomeworkandleavethemmorefreetime.语篇解读现在,许多高中生除了三餐外都在抓紧时间学习;然而太多的作业让他们失去了学习兴趣,甚至危害到他们的健康本文作者倡导学生应该劳逸结合,注重学习效率1.finishing spend...indoingsth.表示“某人花时间或精力做某事”2.carried 提示词carry所表示的动作与asurvey之间是被动关系,故填过去分词过去分词短语carriedoutrecently作后置定语,修饰asurvey3.varieties varietiesof...为固定搭配,意为“各种各样的……”4.from freesb.from...是固定搭配,意为“把某人从……中解放出来”5.that 分析本句句子结构可知,此处需用that引导表语从句,在从句中只起连接作用,不充当任何成分6.todo withsth.todo表示“有某事需要去做”7.which 此处需要关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句的内容,并在从句中作主语8.heavily 此处需填提示词的副词形式修饰谓语9.took Itishightimethatsb.didsth.意为“该是某人做某事的时候了”,从句用一般过去时表虚拟语气10.less 与本空后morefreetime对应,应填提示词的比较级形式Ⅱ.短文改错LastwintervacationmyparentsandIwentbacktoourhometownwhereIspendmychildhood.Walkingslowinthequietsmalltownremindedmeofthegoodoldday.Iwentfromstreettostreetinthesearchofmychildhoodfootprints.SuddenlyIfoundmeatthegateoftheprimaryschoolonwhichIstudiedforsixyears.AsIenteredIwassurprisedfindthattheoldclassroombuildingwasgone.Butitwasfillingwithmychildhoodmemories!Ifeltsuchsadthattearsrandownmycheeks.ItwasjustlikethefeelingIhadwhileagoodfriendleftmeforever.答案第一句spend→spent第二句slow→slowly;day→days第三句去掉the第四句me→myself;on→in第五句find前加to第六句filling→filled第七句such→so第八句while→whenⅢ.书面表达假定你是某中学学生会主席李华请你根据以下要点给你校外教Daniel发一封邮件,邀请他参加你校的运动会时间6月26日上午800-1200地点操场学生项目田赛,径赛教师项目4×100米接力赛,运球跑runningwithaball注意
1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.邮件的开头已给出,但不计入总词数DearDaniel,ImLiHuaChairoftheStudentsUnionofourschool. Bestwishes!YoursLiHua参考范文DearDaniel,ImLiHuaChairoftheStudentsUnionofourschool.IamwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartintheschoolsportsmeettobeheldonJune
26.Itwillbeginat800amintheplaygroundofourschoolandlastfourhours.Thesportsmeetwillincludetrackandfieldeventsforstudentssuchastherelaythehighjumpandthelongjump.Therewillalsobesomegamesforteacherssuchasthe4×100mrelayraceandrunningwithaball.Itwillbealotoffun.Imsureyouwillenjoyit.Wearealllookingforwardtoyouring.Bestwishes!YoursLiHua。