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Module5EthnicCulture[一积词汇见多识广] [课内单词回扣]一阅读词汇写其义1.controversialadj.有争议的
2.pulsoryadj.强制的,强迫的3.fundamentaladj.基本的,重要的
4.flexibleadj.易适应的5.optionaladj.可选择的
6.suspectn.嫌疑人7.incredibleadj.难以置信的
8.imaginaryadj.假想的;虚构的二表达词汇写其形1.chasev. 追逐,追赶,追踪
2.murderv. 谋杀3.refusev.拒绝
4.contrastv.对照5.rushv.冲,猛冲
6.curev.治愈7.spitv.吐出唾液
8.emotionn.感情;情绪三拓展词汇灵活用*
1.breathev.呼吸→breathn.呼吸*
2.beneficialadj.有益的,有用的→benefitn.好处,益处v.得益于*
3.terrifyv.使惊恐,使受惊吓→terrifiedadj.恐惧的→terrifyingadj.令人恐惧的→terrorn.恐惧,恐怖→terroristn.恐怖分子*
4.resistv.抵抗,忍耐;抵制→resistantadj.有抵抗力的,抵抗的→resistancen.抵抗*
5.analysev.分析→analysisn.分析6.absorbv.吸收→absorbingadj.吸引人的;引人入胜的7.violencen.暴力→violentadj.猛烈的,暴力的*
8.acpanyv.陪伴,陪同→panyn.陪伴→panionn.同伴,伴侣用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1.ThetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterdayterrifiedMary.Itwasreallyaterrifyingexperiencetoherandnowsheisstillterrifiedatthethoughtofgettingonabus.terrify2.EveryoneknowsthebenefitoflearningEnglishandifyouworkharditwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.ItisreportedthatmanygraduateshavebenefitedfromhavingagoodmandofEnglish.benefit3.Thedogisagoodpanionanditkeepsthelittlegirlpanyallthetimeandevenacpanieshertoschool.acpany4.Theresistanceresisttovaccinehascontinuedfordecadesanditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.2017·北京高考5.Hetookadeepbreathtobreathethefreshair.breathe6.Analysethemathsproblemcarefullyandyourcarefulanalysiswillhelpyoufindthesolutiontoit.analyse[话题单词积累]1.biotechnology/ˌbaiəʊteknɔlədʒI/n. 生物科技2.transplant/trænsplaːnt/n.vt.移植3.robot/rəubɔt/n.机器人4.hardware/hɑːdweə/n.硬件5.software/sɔftweə/n.软件6.system/sIstəm/n.系统;体系7.data/deItə/n.数据,资料8.database/deItəbeIs/n.数据库9.Internet/intənet/n.互联网10.network/netwɜːk/n.网络11.website/websait/n.网址12.cyberspace/saIbəspeIs/n.网络空间13.connect/kənekt/vt.连接,把……联系起来14.convenient/kənviːniənt/adj.便利的,方便的15.download/daunləud/n.vt.下载16.calculate/kælkjuleIt/vt.计算,核算,推测17.digital/dIdʒItəl/adj.数字的18.powerful/pauəful/adj.强大的19.wonder/wʌndə/n.奇迹20.universe/juːnIvɜːs/n.宇宙21.secret/siːkrIt/n.秘密22.explore/Iksplɔː/v.探索23.empower/Impauə/vt.授权;使能够24.reveal/rIviːl/v.揭示25.plex/kɔmpleks/adj.复杂的[二积短语顿挫抑扬] [课内短语回扣]一根据汉语写出下列短语*
1.burn_out 火燃尽,烧完自灭,烧毁
2.contrast_with与……形成对照3.treat_...as_...把……当成……对待*
4.be_identical_to和……一样,与……一致5.throw_oneself_on_...扑倒在……上*
6.by_mistake错误地*
7.as_far_as_we_know据我们所知*
8.break_down分解,发生故障*
9.rely_on依靠,依赖
10.get_out_of_control摆脱控制11.a_sequence_of一系列的12.as_follows如下13.knock_out摧毁,击倒14.bring_...back_to_life使……复活二用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1.Thespeechyougavethisyearwas_identical_totheoneyougaveattheconferencelastyear.2.IneedtocallmyfriendDavidinwhosecoatIwalkedoffby_mistakeyesterday.3.Ahealthcareprojectcanprovidetreatmentathalfthecostorlessrelying_ontheneedsofthepatient.4.Itwasalreadyoneinthemorningandmycandlewasnearlyburnt_out_whenIsawthedullyelloweyesofthecreatureopen.5.As_far_as_we_know_travelinginspacehasbeenmadepossiblewiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.6.Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforeheadbecausetheairconditioningsystembroke_down.[话题短语积累]1.technologicalinnovation 科技创新2.newfrontier新领域3.3Dtechnology3D技术4.digitaltechnology数字技术5.artificialintelligence人工智能6.newandhightechnologyindustry高新技术产业7.testtubebaby试管婴儿8.GMF=GeneticallyModifiedFood转基因食品9.spacetechnology太空技术10.intelligentterminal智能终端11.tabletpersonalputer平板电脑12.portableputer便携式电脑13.virtualnet虚拟网14.textmessage手机短信15.surftheInternet上网冲浪16.haveaccessto/beaccessibleto能使用17.IT=informationtechnology信息技术18.searchengine搜索引擎19.distractonesattention分散某人的注意力20.haveanegativeeffect有负面影响21.electronicbooks电子读物[三积句式写作扮靓] [课内句式仿写]1.while引导的时间状语从句的省略句式[例句] Whilestudyingatuniversityhediscoversthesecretofhowtocreatelife.[仿写] 当查找一些信息时,我们可以通过触摸屏来操作While_searching_for_some_information_wecanoperatebytouchingthescreen.2.“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...”强调句型[例句] ItwasonacoldNovembernightthatIsawmycreationforthefirsttime.[仿写] 拥有真诚和信任我们才能创建一个和谐的气氛It_waswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.3.wish后面的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气[例句] IwishIhadnotcreatedthiscreatureIwishIwasontheothersideoftheworldIwishIcoulddisappear![仿写] 小男孩希望他现在是一个超人,能飞往月球Thelittleboywisheshewere_a_supermannowandcould_flytothemoon.[话题佳句背诵]1.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyavarietyofhightechproductshavespilledoverintoeachfieldinliving.随着科学技术的迅速发展,各种各样的高科技产品渗透到生活中的各个领域2.Inthelastdecadesitisadvancesinmedicaltechnologythathavemadeitpossibleforpeopletolivelongerthaninthepast.在过去的几十年间,是医疗技术的进步使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能3.Whenanewproductesintobeingitmustbetestedoutbeforeitisputintouse.当有新产品问世时,在投入使用之前,一定要进行检验[四背语段语感流畅] Throughoutthehistoryofsciencewhetheritisthepastorthepresentforeignordomesticwithoutexceptionthepowerofscienceispowerful Thepowerofscienceisallaroundus.Weseeheartouchtasteandexperiencethewonderofscienceeveryday.Fromtheelectricitythatlightsandheatsourhomestosmartphonesthatconnectustofamilyandfriendstorobotsthatcarryoutplexsurgeryandspacetechnologythatrevealsthesecretsoftheuniverse—scienceempowersustoshapeeveryaspectofourworld.Thankstothepowerofsciencewecanimproveourhealthexplorenewworldsandmakeourworldabetterplace.纵观科学史,无论是过去还是现在,国外还是国内,无不说明科学的力量是强大的科学的力量就在我们周围我们每天都看到、听到、触摸、品味和体验科学的奇迹从给我们的房屋带来光明和温暖的电力,到使我们与家人和朋友保持联系的智能手机,到进行复杂外科手术的机器人,再到揭示宇宙秘密的太空技术——科学赋予我们塑造世界每一个方面的能力由于科学的力量,我们可以改善我们的健康,探索新的世界,使我们的世界更美好[第一板块 重点词汇突破] [师生共研词汇]1.beneficialadj.有益的;有用的[教材原句] Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans你认为克隆对人类有益吗?1bebeneficialto 对……有利/益处2benefitv.有利于,对……有益 n.益处,好处 benefitfrom/by从……中获益;得益于 forthebenefitofsb.=foronesbenefit为了某人的利益 beofbenefitto对……有益处
①Frommypointofviewourlibraryshouldbuysomepopularsciencebooksandliterarybooksbecausetheyareofgreatbenefittous.2014·浙江高考书面表达→Frommypointofviewourlibraryshouldbuysomepopularsciencebooksandliterarybooksbecausetheyare_very_beneficial_tous.在我个人看来,图书馆应该购买一批受欢迎的科普类图书和文学类图书,因为它们对我们很有益
②ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbutforThomasEdison.2015·江苏高考单选要不是托马斯·爱迪生,我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在
③Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalsfor_the_benefit_ofallitscitizens.为了全体公民的利益,中国一直在推进公立医疗机构的改革2.curev.治愈;治疗;改正;解决n.治愈;治疗;治疗方法[教材原句] Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.我们可以利用克隆技术来治病curesb.of 治好某人的病;改掉某人的坏习惯beyondcure无可救药acurefor疾病的治疗方法;问题的解决方法
①Toourjoythedoctorhascuredhimofhisillness.令我们高兴的是,医生已经治好他的病
②Chinesescientistsareabsorbedinfurtherresearchtofindacureforcancer.中国科学家致力于进一步研究以找到治愈癌症的方法[辨析比较] curetreatcure指“治愈,治好”疾病,消除痛苦,除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等,侧重结果常用于curesb.ofsth.结构中treat通常强调过程,指对病人进行诊断和治疗,但不含治好的意思一般用于treatsb.forsth.结构中选用以上单词填空
③Thedoctorsspentamonthtreatingherandatlastshewascured.3.resistv.抵抗,抵制;使不受……的伤害;忍住[经典例句] Theyaredeterminedtoresistpressuretochangethelaw.他们决心顶住要求改革法律的压力1resistdoingsth. 反对做某事cantresistdoingsth.忍不住做某事2resistantadj.有抵抗力的,抵抗的beresistantto对……有抵抗力3resistancen.抗拒,反对,阻力
①Shecouldntresistlaughinglaughwhenherteachertoldafunnyjokeinclass.当她的老师在班上讲滑稽笑话时,她忍不住大笑
②Somegovernmentofficialswerentresistant_tothetemptationofmoneyandwerepunishedbylawintheend.一些政府官员抵制不住金钱的诱惑,最后受到了法律的制裁[名师指津] resist表示“忍住”时,常与表示否定意义的cant/canhardly/benotableto连用;resist后接v.ing形式作宾语,不接不定式4.absorbv.吸收;吸引某人注意力;使专心;理解,掌握[经典例句] Ourgoodlearninghabitswillmakeusstudymoreeasilyandefficientlyandabsorbknowledgepletely.我们良好的学习习惯会使我们更容易、更高效地学习,而且完全掌握知识1absorb/attract/drawonesattention 吸引某人的注意力absorb...into...把……吸收进……2absorbedadj.全神贯注的,专心致志的beabsorbedin...全神贯注于……3absorbingadj.十分吸引人的,引人入胜的
①Agoodbookcouldabsorb_our_attentionsopletelythatforthetimebeingweforgetoursurroundings.一本好书能如此完全吸引我们的注意力,以至于我们暂时忘掉了周围的环境
②Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobe_absorbed_intothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.几分钟的时间酒精就会被吸收到血流中并开始对大脑起作用[熟词生义] 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义
③Itsalotofinformationtoabsorballatonce.理解,掌握[联想发散] beabsorbedindoingsth.结构在句中作状语、定语时,常用过去分词,形式为“absorbedin...”类似的结构还有
①belostin 专心致志于……
②becaught/trappedin被困在……
③beburiedin埋头于……
④beinvolvedin专注于……
⑤bedevotedto专心于……
⑥beoccupiedin忙于……[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Iftheyrefuseto_makemakeheartfeltapologieswewillhavetobringanactionagainstthem.2.Allofasuddenthethiefwalkingbehindayoungandprettyladyseizedherpurserushingrushintothecrowd.3.IdontlikeanyhumourinthisseriousspeechbecauseIcantthinkofanycircumstancewherethiswouldbebeneficialbenefitoruseful.4.ScientistsarestillwonderinghowitisthattheEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidssolongago.5.Sheisoverweightbutshestillcantresisteatingeatmoredeliciousfood.6.Acpaniedacpanybytheleadertheyvisitedthehospital.7.2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空Butatthemomentschoolesfirst.Idontwanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.8.Emilyfeltverysadthatshewassuspectedofprovidingfalsestatementsincourt.9.Takeadeepbreathbreatheandholditinyourchest.Itcaneffectivelycontrolyouranxiety.10.Weshouldavoidthemistakesthatarisefromabasicmisunderstanding.Ⅱ.单句改错1.AsweallknowreadingalotisbenefittoimprovingourEnglish.benefit→beneficial或benefit前加of2.Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisefromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.arise→arising3.Hehadbeensoabsorbinginwatchingthecarpassingbythathedidntnoticehisfriendsing.absorbing→absorbed4.Punishmentcanneverbeaneffectivecureofseveresocialproblems.of→for5.Weallsuspectedhimstealingthemoneybutheinsistedthathewasinnocent.him后加ofⅢ.单句写作一句多译1.我希望这个假期会对你有好处
①Ihopethisholidaywill_be_beneficial_to_you.bebeneficialto
②Ihopethisholidaywill_be_of_benefit_to_you.beofbenefitto
③Ihopeyouwill_benefit_fromthisholiday.benefitfrom
④Ihopethisholidaywill_benefit_you.benefitvt.2.和他们待在一起时,彼得忍不住捉弄他们
①WhenstayingwiththemPetercouldnt_help_playing_a_joke_on_them.canthelpdoing
②WhenstayingwiththemPetercouldnt_be_resistant_to_playing_a_joke_on_them.beresistanttodoing
③WhenstayingwiththemPetercouldnt_resist_playing_a_joke_on_them.resistdoing3.由于专注于作画,约翰没有注意到我进入他的书房
①Ashewas_absorbed_in_painting_Johndidntnoticemeenterhisstudy.beabsorbedin
②Absorbed_in_painting_Johndidntnoticemeenterhisstudy.分词作状语[第二板块 短语、句式突破] 1.get/runoutofcontrol摆脱控制;失去控制[经典例句] Thestreetpartywentongettinglouderandlouderandmoreoutofcontrol.街头聚会还在继续,声音越来越大而且更加失控getcontrolof 控制,掌握outofcontrol失去控制状态losecontrolof失去对……的控制incontrolof控制着under/inthecontrolof受……的管理/控制bring/get/keep...undercontrol控制住beyondcontrol无法控制
①Toohighhousepricescanbebroughtundercontrolprovidedthattheauthoritiesintroduceaseriesofregulatorypolicies.如果政府采取一系列调控措施的话,高房价是可以得到控制的
②Thechildrenarepletelyout_of_controlsincetheirfatherleft.这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了2.breakdown分解;拆除;失败;机器等出故障;身体、精神等垮掉,崩溃[教材原句] WhenlifeendsDNAbreaksdownanddoesnotrepairitself.当生命结束后,DNA分解并且不能自我修复[一词多义] 写出下列句中breakdown的含义
①Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.失败
②Thecarbrokedownhalfwaytothecamp.出故障
③Youllbreakdownifyoualwaysstayuplate.垮掉
④Hisfatherfailedtobreakdownthedoor.拆除
⑤Plasticbagsaredifficulttobreakdown.分解breakinto 强行闯入;突然开始笑、唱等breakout战争、火灾等突然爆发,突然发生breakup分手,解散;放假breakawayfrom脱离;挣脱
⑥Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebodyhad_broken_intotheofficeduringthenight.我们在早晨到达工作地点时发现有人在前一天晚上闯进了办公室3.Iwish_I_had_not_createdthiscreatureIwish_I_wasontheothersideoftheworldIwish_I_could_disappear!但愿我没有制造出那个家伙,但愿我身处世界的另一边,但愿我可以消失无踪!“wish+宾语从句”意为“但愿……;希望……;……就好了”,往往表达与事实相反或不太可能实现的愿望,因而从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气wish后跟宾语从句时,从句一般使用虚拟语气,从句中的谓语形式如下1did/were表示与现在事实相反的愿望2haddone/been表示与过去事实相反的愿望3would/could/might+动词原形表示与将来事实相反的愿望
①IwishthatIhadhavewingsandcouldflytoyourhome.我希望我有双翅膀而且能够飞到你家去
②Iwishthatyouhad_gonegototheconcertwithuslastnight.我真希望昨天晚上你跟我们一起去听音乐会
③IwishthatIwould_havehaveabetterchancetolearninthefuture.我真希望在将来我能有更好的学习机会[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.选词填空knockdown,getoutofcontrol,relyon,breakdown,bymistake,contrast...with,burnout,throwoneselfon,bring...backtolife,asfarasIknow1.As_far_as_I_know_Iwastheonlycandidatewhohadeversaidasmuch.2.Thechildrengot_out_of_controlaftertheirteacherleft.3.Hewassotiredthatonarrivingathomehethrew_himself_onthebedandfellasleep.4.Afterafewmonthsrepairtheoldcitywasbrought_back_to_lifeagain.5.Lackingenoughairthefirewassoonburnt_out.6.ItsinterestingtocontrasttheAmericanlegalsystemwiththeChineseone.7.IapologizedtohimbecauseItookhisumbrellaby_mistake.8.Relying_ontheirowneffortstheyovercameallthedifficultiesandfinishedthetaskaheadoftime.9.Weweredownloadingmusicwhenourputerbroke_downsuddenly.10.Ginanearlywas_knocked_downasacardroveoutfartooquicklyfrombehindalorry.Ⅱ.break短语填空1.Withnocashforfoodhebroke_intoanoldwomanshousehopingtostealsomemoney.2.Oldfashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreak_downindisasters.3.Oncatchingsightofhismotherthelittleboybroke_away_fromhisgrandmotherandthrewhimselfintohismothersarms.4.Whendoestheschoolbreak_upforthewinterholidays5.Theirhappinessdidntlastlongforthewar_broke_outsoonaftertheygotmarried.Ⅲ.用control短语完成句子/句型转换1.Tooursurprisethemanwhowaslookeddownuponbyothersinthepastisnowin_control_ofthewholeproject.2.Thefirewasout_of_controlatthebeginningbutatlastitwasbroughtunder_control.3.Hetriedtobrakethecarbutitwasbeyond_control.4.Ifyoudontchangeyourmindthesituationwillbebeyondcontrol.→Ifyoudontchangeyourmindthesituationwillbeout_of_control.→Ifyoudontchangeyourmindyouwilllose_control_ofthesituation.5.Hewasinthecontrolofevilmenandforcedtodobadthings.→Evilmenwerein_control_ofhimandforcedhimtodobadthings.Ⅳ.用“wish+宾语从句”补全句子1.我多么希望自己是一只飞鸟!How_I_wish_I_wereaflyingbird!2.但愿你明天和我一块去旅游I_wish_you_would_go_travellingwithmetomorrow.3.他真希望当时她来看他时他在家啊!He_wished_he_had_beenathomewhenshecametoseehim.提能一 用课文词汇写高分作文cloning,cure,beneficial,arise,terrify,refuse,relyon,bring...backtolife,getoutofcontrol,bymistake,knockout,beidenticalto,asfarasweknow1.补全要点句“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语
①最近,我们班关于克隆进行了热烈的讨论Recentlyourclasshashadaheateddiscussionaboutcloning._
②一些人认为克隆对人类是有益的人们可以依靠这项技术治愈一些疾病Somethinkcloningisbeneficialtohumanbeings.Peoplecanrely_onthistechnologytocuresomediseases.
③克隆可以使已经灭绝的物种复活,使得这个世界更多姿多彩Cloningcanhelpbringextinctspeciesback_to_lifeandmaketheworldmorecolorful.
④其他人反对克隆如果克隆失去控制,很多问题就会出现例如,科学家有可能错误地制造出毁灭我们的世界的怪物Othersareagainstit.Ifcloninggot_out_of_control_manyproblemswouldarise.Forexamplescientistsmaycreatemonstersby_mistakeandtheymayknock_outourworld.
⑤如果许多人或动物都彼此一模一样,这个世界是令人害怕的Ifmanypeopleoranimalswere_identical_to_eachothertheworldwouldbeterrifying.
⑥据我们所知,克隆技术还不是很完美我们应该拒绝广泛使用它As_far_as_we_know_cloningisnotperfect.Weshouldrefusetouseitwidely.2.升级平淡句1用现在分词短语作状语改写句
③Cloning_can_help_bring_extinct_species_back_to_life_making_the_world_more_colorful.2用定语从句改写句
④后半部分Forexample...ourworld.For_example_scientists_may_create_monsters_by_mistake_which_may_knock_out_our_world.3把句
⑤中if从句变成倒装句Were_many_people_or_animals_identical_to_each_other_the_world_would_be_terrifying.3.衔接成语篇注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇howeverwhatsmoreforonethingforanothersoRecently_our_class_has_had_a_heated_discussion_about_cloning._Somethinkcloningisbeneficialtohumanbeings.Foronethingpeoplecanrelyonthistechnologytocuresomediseases.Foranothercloningcanhelpbringextinctspeciesbacktolifemakingtheworldmorecolorful.Howeverothersareagainstit.Ifcloninggotoutofcontrolmanyproblemswouldarise.Forexamplescientistsmaycreatemonstersbymistakewhichmayknockoutourworld.Whatsmoreifmanypeopleoranimalswereidenticaltoeachothertheworldwouldbeterrifying.Asfarasweknowcloningisnotperfectsoweshouldrefusetouseitwidely.提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句 [本单元突破点——破折号引出同位语的复杂句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句In1973biochemistsCohenandBoyerdiscoveredaproceduretouseenzymes—chemicalsformedinthebody—tounziptheDNAtocutoutasequenceofgenesandfinallytoinsertthemintothehostcellandbinewithitsDNA.两个破折号之间部分为其前一个名词enzymes的同位语,用以解释说明这一名词通常,流言传播一个人们更愿意保密的话题情侣分手、家庭纠纷、甚至某人辍学等真题长难句Usuallygossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakupstroubleathomeevendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.2016·浙江高考阅读理解A两个破折号之间部分为其前一个名词topic的同位语,用以解释说明这一名词“科普知识与现代技术”是高考常考话题之一克隆,对人类来说早就不是一个梦了,在1996年7月5日,苏格兰罗斯林研究所里克隆羊“多莉”的诞生就告诉了人们从今以后,克隆技术的飞速发展会成为必然对于克隆技术有人赞同,有人批判,作为新时代的你相信一定也有着自己的态度纵观历年高考试题,此话题多在完形填空和阅读理解题中考查
一、话题与语篇[考题示例] 2016·四川高考Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.__1__Ingeneraltheycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.__2__Betweentheagesofabout12and50womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility生育能力.Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandthebloodflow.Infactwomenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.__3__Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Themoncoldisagoodexample:womenonaveragegetfewercoldsthanmen.__4__Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceagingbuttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawomansbodycellshaveatendency倾向toagemoreslowlythanamans.Othersthinkthatamansbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.__5__A.Howeverwomenonaveragelivelonger.B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F.Thereforewomenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.[策略指导] 一这样读文通读全文,可知本文体裁为说明文,其行文脉络如下二这样做题[名师解题]1.选A 根据空格后的“Ingeneraltheycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.”可知,空格处讲的是平均来看,女人的寿命更长同时,空格处所表达的内容与文章第一句构成转折关系所以A项正确2.选G 此处为过渡句,解释什么是荷尔蒙并谈及它的作用所以G项正确3.选D 由空格后的“Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.”可知,该段讲的是荷尔蒙的其他功能所以D项正确4.选C 由空格后的“Scientistsarestillnotexactlysure...toagemoreslowlythanamans.”可知,本段主要讲了基因与衰老的关系所以C项正确5.选E 空格处的前两句谈及了两个观点所以E项正确[阅读七选五系列技法3] 利用逻辑关系线索解题由于英语的段与段之间,句与句之间经常会运用连接词表示衔接和过渡,使文章逻辑更清楚、结构更连贯,因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的信息词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索文章语句间的组合,除了从语句间的意义关系分析外,还可借助其逻辑关系来把握,即连接性词语从逻辑意义上来讲,句与句、段与段之间基本关系有以下几种1.从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系,这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况表示因果关系的连词有asaresult“结果……”;thus/therefore“因此”;so/such...that...“如此……以至于”等2.从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转,则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子表示转折关系的连接词有however“然而”;nevertheless“仍然,然而,不过”;nonetheless“尽管如此,依然,然而”;still“还;然而”;though“可是,不过,然而”;yet“然而”;inspiteof“不顾,不管”;atanyrate“无论如何,至少”;inanycase“无论如何,不管怎样”;whoever“无论是谁”;whatever“无论什么”;onthecontrary“正相反”;incontrast“与此相反,相比之下”;bycontrast“相反,相比之下”;inparison“比较起来,比较地”;byparison“相比之下”;conversely“相反地”;otherwise“否则;除此以外”;not...but“不是……而是”;aswell“也”等例如上文第1题,空格后“Ingeneraltheycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.”可知,空格处应是女人的寿命更长空格处所表达的内容与上一句构成转折关系3.从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子例证的形式多样,但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象举例、类比等和抽象观点的辩证关系,用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳从举例到观点和推理从观点到举例4.从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的递进关系,则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子表示递进关系的连词有also“也,而且”;further“另外的”;furthermore“而且,此外”;likewise“照样地;也,又”;similarly“相似地,类似地”;moreover“而且;再者,此外”;inaddition“另外,加之”;whatsmore“更重要的是”;too“也,还”;either“也”;neither“两者都不”;notonly...butalso“不但……而且”等5.从细节逻辑上判断——平行关系表示列举关系的有first“首先,第一”,second“第二”,third“第三”;firstly“第一,首先”,secondly“第二点;其次”,thirdly“第三”;first“第一”,next“其次”,then“那么,然后”;inthefirstplace“第一,首先”,inthesecondplace“第二,其次”;foronething“首先,一则”,foranotherthing“其次”;tobeginwith“首先,第一”;toconclude“最后”等三这样积累1.industrializedadj. 工业化的2.Hormonen.荷尔蒙,激素3.infectionn.感染4.beinvolvedin涉及,卷入5.haveatendencyto有……的倾向
二、话题与写作[考题示例] 2015·广东高考你接受了一项写作任务,为英语校报写一篇科技报道[写作内容]请根据以下信息,介绍国外医疗行业出现的一项新技术,内容包括技术名称DNA检测检测方法唾液样本分析检测费用125英镑检测时长4到6周检测用途
1.预测重大疾病2.预知食物偏好3.提示合适的锻炼方式检测影响
1.增强健康意识2.易引起过度焦虑*唾液样本salivasample[写作要求]只能用5个句子表达全部内容[评分标准]句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯[写作规范] 第一步写对词汇不丢冤枉分1.技术 technique2.分析analyze3.持续last4.花费cost5.预测predict6.使能够;使可行enable7.食物偏好food_preference8.合适的appropriate/fit9.提高……的意识raise_...awareness_of10.有可能be_likely_to第二步列全要点、写对句子保基本分1.DNA检测是项新技术DNATestis_a_new_technique.2.它通过唾液样本分析被检测It_is_tested_by_analyzingsalivasample.3.它出现在国外医疗行业中It_appearsintheforeignmedicalindustry.4.这项检测持续4到6周Thetestlasts_for_4-6_weeks.5.这项检测花费125英镑Thetestcosts_125_pounds.6.这项技术能被用来预测重大疾病Thetechniquecan_be_used_to_predictmajordiseases.7.这项技术使人们能够预知受测者的食物偏好Thetechniqueenables_people_to_foreseetheexamineesfoodpreference.8.据说这项检测将提高受测者的健康意识Itissaidthatthetestwillraise_the_examinees_awareness_of_health.9.这项检测可能会引起你过度焦虑Thetestmay_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.第三步句式升级、打造亮点得高分1.把句1改为同位语,句2改为which引导的定语从句,然后和句3合并DNA_Test_a_new_technique_which_is_tested_by_analyzing_saliva_sample_appears_in_the_foreign_medical_industry.2.把句4改为现在分词短语作状语,然后和句5合并Lasting_for_4-6_weeks_the_test_costs_125_pounds.3.用notonly...butalso...的倒装句合并句6和句7Not_only_can_the_technique_be_used_to_predict_major_diseases_but_it_also_enables_people_to_foresee_the_examinees_food_preference.4.用but连接句8和句9It_is_said_that_the_test_will_raise_the_examinees_awareness_of_health_but_it_may_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.第四步过渡衔接、润色成文创满分DNA_Test_a_new_technique_which_is_tested_by_analyzing_saliva_sample_appears_in_the_foreign_medical_industry._Lasting_for_4-6_weeks_the_test_costs_125_pounds._As_for_its_functions_not_only_can_the_technique_be_used_to_predict_major_diseases_but_it_also_enables_people_to_foresee_the_examinees_food_preference._With_such_a_technique_examiners_are_able_to_provide_various_suggestions_on_appropriate_ways_of_exercise_for_examinees._It_is_said_that_the_test_will_raise_the_examinees_awareness_of_health_but_it_may_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.[单元检测·高考提能] Ⅰ.阅读理解AAn18yearoldwhojustfinishedhighschoolhasdevelopedarevolutionarydevice装置whichallowsvisuallyimpairedorblindpeopletobemoremobile—afteringupwiththeideawhenhewas
12.“Tobeconsideredisarealhonor.Itmeanstheworkweredoingisreallyvaluable,”AlexDeanssaid.TheteenfromOntarioinCanadabegancreatingthetoolafterbeingcuriouswhilehelpingavisuallyimpairedladycrossthestreetoneday.“Shetoldmethatallexistingdevicesonlyletusersseeinonedirectionsotheycantknowwhatsgoingonaroundthem,”hetoldGOODmagazineafterseeingsheonlyhadastickandguidedog—twothingsthatarehardtoeby.ThedeviceknownasiAidusesGPSGlobalPositioningSystemandultrasonic超声波的technologytohelpvisuallyimpairedpeoplegetaroundsafely.Thebeltliketooleswithacontrolhandleandworksbyusingsoundwavestodiscoverobjectsintheuserspathandshowhowclosethingsaretothem.TheiAidworksmuchlikeabatusessonar声呐.Theteensinventionhasbeenattractingattentionanditwonthe2015WestonYouthInnovationAwardinMayforwhichAlexwasawarded$2000ataceremonyattheOntarioScienceCentrelastmonth.“TheentiregroupofjudgeswasimpressedbyAlexscreativitymotivationanddedication奉献tobuildinghisdesignoverafouryearperiod.Welookforwardtoseeingfutureinventionsfromthisoutstandingyounginventor,”saidHooleyMcLaughlinchiefscienceofficerattheOntarioScienceCentre.Alexisnowworkingcloselywiththeteamatthesciencecentretoholdanexhibitionforhisinvention.HewasalsogiventheopportunitytogiveapresentationatWeDay—stadiumsizedeventswherespeakerslectureaboutglobalissuesacrosstheUSCanadaandtheUK.AlexwillbestartingatMontrealsMcGillUniversityintheautumnbuthopestheiAidwillbeapprovedforUSandCanadianrightssothatonedaythedevicewillbeavailableforthosewhoreallyneeditacrosstheworld.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文加拿大一名学生发明了一种能够帮助盲人自由行走的装置1.HowdidAlexeupwithhisideaA.Hegottheideafromamagazine.B.Hewasinspiredbyablindwoman.C.Hefoundithardtouseaguidedog.D.Henoticedexistingtoolsweaknesses.解析选B 细节理解题由第
三、四段可知,亚历克斯受到一位盲人女士的启发,想出了这个创意2.Thebatprobablyusessonarto________.A.keepitsbalanceinflightB.blockharmfulsoundwavesC.municatewithotherbatsD.findoutthepositionofobjects解析选D 推理判断题由第六段中的“worksbyusingsoundwavestodiscoverobjectsintheuserspathandshowhowclosethingsaretothem”可推断,蝙蝠用声呐系统对周围的物体进行定位3.WhichofthefollowingisexpressedinMcLaughlinswordsA.Doubt. B.Surprise.C.Praise.D.Puzzle.解析选C 推理判断题由倒数第三段可知,McLaughlin的这番话饱含着对亚历克斯的赞扬4.WhatisAlexpreparingforatpresentA.AshowofhisiAid.B.Hiscollegestudies.C.Anawardsceremony.D.ThespeechatWeDay.解析选A 细节理解题由倒数第二段中的“Alexisnowworkingcloselywiththeteamatthesciencecentretoholdanexhibitionforhisinvention.”可知,他正在筹备他这项发明的展览BIplantorememberthisyearsvacationseasonwithjusttwowords:Neveragain.NeveragainwillItakeallmytechnologyalong.WhenIfirstvisitedmyinlawscabininOntariosnorthwoods35yearsagotherewasnosuchthingastheInternet.Thenearesttelephonewasonemileawayandwewerebeyondthereachoftelevision.Ourmediadietconsistedofabatterypoweredradio.IknowIrisksoundinglikeanagingcrank怪人butthelifethenwassimple.Nowwereburdenedwithmoderncivilization.Thecabinisjustcloseenoughtocivilizationtogetastrongcellphonesignal.InsteadofbrowsingdogearedsummerhousemysterynovelsthisyearwebrowsedtheInternet.InsteadoflongeveningsofpokerwecheckedourTwitterandupdatedourFacebookpages.ForseveralyearsIkeptmyInternetaddictionundercontrolbyusinginconvenienttechnology:anoldlaptopandaslowdialingupconnection.ButthisyearthebinationofanewiPadandthatneatWiFiturnedouttobehardtoresist.TheiPadbeckoned吸引ussilentlyfromthepicnictable:WhatharmcoulditbetogivetheemailaquickcheckButoncethattouchscreenlightsupwhocansaynotoitAccesstotheWebisunquestionablyawonderfulthing.Ilovehavingabottomlesslibraryatmyfingertips;Ilovehavingtheworldsnewspapersonmyelectronicdoorstep.Ilovebeingabletopaybillsandmakeairplanereservationsonline.Andthatsthepoint:ItsimportantnottolettheconvenienceoftheInternetgetinthewayofsimplebeauties.ThatsnottheInternetsfault.Itsours.Thefirststeptowardrecoveryisadmittingyouhaveaproblem.MyproblemisnttheInternet;itslearninghowtolimitthetimeIspendonit.语篇解读本文讲述了带着高科技产品去旅行所带来的问题,说明了我们利用科技产品应该有限度,不应该让技术阻碍我们发现和欣赏生活中的美5.Howdidtheauthorfindthelifeinthecabin35yearsagoA.Peaceful.B.Convenient.C.Boring.D.Miserable.解析选A 细节理解题根据第二段可知,当时作者在这个小木屋度假的时候,这里的生活是平静安宁的6.Inthesummervacationthisyeartheauthorspentmosttime________.A.creatingaFacebookpageB.playingpokerwithhisfamilyC.browsingtheInternetwithhisiPadD.readingsummerhousemysterynovels解析选C 细节理解题根据第三段中的“InsteadofbrowsingdogearedsummerhousemysterynovelsthisyearwebrowsedtheInternet.”和第四段的“ButthisyearthebinationofanewiPad”可知,今年作者在这里度假的时候,不断地用iPad上网,故选C7.Paragraph5suggeststhattheauthor________.A.hasgainedenoughputerskillsB.advisespeopletousetheInternetoftenC.choosestogowithouttheInternetaccessD.appreciatestheadvantagesoftheInternet解析选D 推理判断题从第五段中的“AccesstotheWebisunquestionablyawonderfulthing.”以及下文所举的例子可知,作者感激互联网带来的益处,故选D8.WhatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetextA.HowaniPadstolesmysummervacationB.HowtoavoidusingtechnologyonvacationC.HowtospendameaningfulvacationatacabinD.Technologyinfluencesmysummervacationpositively解析选A 标题归纳题本文主要讲述了作者今年带着iPad去度假,因为不断上网而破坏了本来很美好的假期的故事,旨在表明我们利用技术应该有限度,不应该让技术阻碍我们发现和欣赏生活中的美,因此A项符合主题Ⅱ.完形填空IwenttoFrankfurtforaconferencelastspring.Itwasjustaoneday__1__,butIthoughtId__2__foranightsoIcoulddoabitofsightseeing.AnywayI__3__earlyonaFridaymorningflightandgotthereacoupleofhourslater.Itwas__4__thatafriendwaswaitingtopickmeup.Wetookataxitothe__5__andsheshowedmearound.Shehadtogetbacktoher__6__soonafterthatsinceitwasaworkdaysowesaid__7__.ItwasstillearlysoIthoughtIdlookaroundabit__8__checkingintothehotel.ThenIwalkedthroughthecitycentre__9__.Around1pmIhadasandwichandthen__10__Ioughttogetovertothehotel.Ifollowedthe__11__IdprintedofftowherethehotelshouldhavebeenbutwhenI__12__theretherewasasignonthedoorthatsaiditwas__13__.Idbookeditafewmonthsearlierbutitseemedtohavecloseddownsincethen.__14__,Idalreadypaidhalfthemoneyupfront.I__15__togetintoanotherhotelbut__16__alltheotherhotelsintheareawerefull.Afteraboutthreehoursof__17__,IdecidedthatIdhadenoughsoI__18__myfriendandtoldherwhathadhappened.Shewasvery__19__andagreedtoputmeupforthenight.Isleptonthesofawhichwasabit__20__,butatleastIhadsomewheretostay!Iwasverythankfulforheroffer!语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文作者去外地开会,预订的宾馆意外关闭了,只好求助朋友帮忙1.A.campB.courseC.eventD.celebration解析选C 由该空前的“aconference”可知,去开会也就是一天的“事情event”2.A.gooutB.stopoverC.dressupD.stayup解析选B 由该空后的“Icoulddoabitofsightseeing”可知,作者想在法兰克福“停留stopover”一晚以便逛一逛3.A.gotupB.cameoutC.setoffD.movedaway解析选C 由该空后的“gotthereacoupleofhourslater”可知,作者周五一早就坐飞机“出发setoff”了4.A.greatB.terribleC.strangeD.important解析选A 由该空后的“afriendwaswaitingtopickmeup”可知,作者的朋友在那里接她,所以这是一件“好great”事5.A.schoolB.libraryC.panyD.downtown解析选D 由上文的“sightseeing”和该空后的“sheshowedmearound”可知,作者和朋友乘出租车去了“市中心downtown”6.A.bedB.officeC.tableD.party解析选B 由该空后的“itwasaworkday”可知,作者的朋友必须得回去上班了,故填office7.A.goodbyeB.thanksC.helloD.sorry解析选A 作者要和朋友告别了,故填goodbye8.A.afterB.whileC.unlessD.before解析选D 由该空前的“Itwasstillearly”和下文的“Around1pm...Ioughttogetovertothehotel”可知,作者打算到宾馆办理住宿手续前先去逛一逛,故填before9.A.quicklyB.secretlyC.slowlyD.hopelessly解析选C 然后,作者在市里面“慢慢地slowly”闲逛起来10.A.forgotB.decidedC.agreedD.insisted解析选B 由下文的“Ifollowedthe__11__Idprintedofftowherethehotelshouldhavebeen”可知,作者吃过三明治后“决定decided”去宾馆11.A.mapB.letterC.signsD.rules解析选A 由该空后的“towherethehotelshouldhavebeen”可知,作者把“地图map”打印出来了12.A.leftB.workedC.waitedD.arrived解析选D 由下文的“Idbookeditafewmonthsearlierbutitseemedtohavecloseddownsincethen.”可知,当作者“到达arrived”宾馆后发现它已经“关闭shut”了13.A.noisyB.expensiveC.shutD.untidy解析选C 参见上题解析14.A.LuckilyB.StupidlyC.FinallyD.Possibly解析选B 由该空后的“Idalreadypaidhalfthemoneyupfront”可知,作者已经提前付了一半费用而这家宾馆现在却关闭了,所以她觉得自己很“傻Stupidly”15.A.triedB.failedC.refusedD.regretted解析选A 由后面的“alltheotherhotelsintheareawerefull”可知,作者“试图tried”去联系另一家宾馆,让她“吃惊的surprisingly”是其他所有宾馆都满了16.A.interestinglyB.necessarilyC.encouraginglyD.surprisingly解析选D 参见上题解析17.A.trainingB.performingC.walkingaroundD.showingoff解析选C 作者走了大约三个小时,到处找宾馆,故填walkingaround18.A.foundB.calledC.praisedD.believed解析选B 由该空后的“toldherwhathadhappened”可知,作者给朋友打了电话,故填called19.A.kindB.braveC.honestD.clever解析选A 由该空后的“agreedtoputmeupforthenight”可知,作者的朋友非常“友善kind”20.A.boringB.differentC.dangerousD.unfortable解析选D 由该空前的“Isleptonthesofa”可知,睡在沙发上有点“不舒服unfortable”。