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Music***阅读理解Ifyouwanttoslowagingyoumightwanttoeatless.Thisfindingisgoodnews---ifyouwereamouse.Theresearchersstudiedmicenotpeople.JohnPriceandotherresearchersstudiedtwogroupsofmice.Onegroupwasabletoeatasmuchasitwanted.Theresearcherslimitedwhatthemiceintheothergroupate.Theirdiethad35percentfewercaloriesthanthefirstgroupofmice.Pricesaysthemicewiththedietrestrictionswere“moreenergeticandsufferedfewerdisease.”Theywerenotjustlivinglongerbutseemedtostayyoungerforalongerperiodoftime.Theresearchersfoundthatfewercaloriesslowdownanaturalmechanismincellscalledribosomes.Priceexplainsthatribosomesareresponsibleformakingimportantproteinsinthecells.Butwithfewercaloriestheyslowdown.Thisgivesthecellsmoretimetorepairthemselves.Theresearcherssayribosomesusefrom10to20percentofthecell’senergytomakethoseproteins.Pricewrotethat“becauseofthisitisimpracticaltodestroyanentireribosome”whenitstartstobreakdown.However“repairingindividualpartsoftheribosomeonaregularbasisenablesribosomestocontinueproducinghighqualityproteinsforlongerthantheywouldotherwise.Thistopqualityproductioninturnkeepscellsandtheentirebodyfunctioningwell.”Pricesaid“ribosomeisaveryplexmachinelikeacar.”Theyneed“maintenancetoreplacethepartsthatwearoutthefastest.Whentireswearout”heexplained“youdon’tthrowthewholecarawayandbuyanewone.Itcostslesstoreplacetheoldtires.”“Food”hesaid“isn’tjustmaterialtobeburned---it’sasignalthattellsourbodyandcellshowtorespond.”Pricesaidthefindingshelptoexplainhowexactlyourbodiesage.Andthismay“helpusmakemoreeducateddecisionsaboutwhatweeat.”
1.WhatcanweknowaboutthemicewithlimitedcaloriesfromthestudyA.TheycankeephealthyeasilyB.TheyneedmoreenergytobeactiveC.TheycanlookyoungerthantheyareD.Theywilllivealongerlifelikehumans
2.WhatwillhappentoribosomesiftherearefewercaloriesA.TheywillpletelybreakdownB.TheymakeproteinsinthecellsslowlyC.TheywillproducehighqualityproteinsmoreD.Theymayneedmoretimetorepairthemselves
3.Priceexplainedtheribosomes’roleofrepairingthemselvesby_________.A.tellingastoryB.listingbasicdataC.makingparisonsD.experimentingonmice
4.WhatdoesthetextmainlydealwithA.FooddecideshowlongyouliveB.CanyouslowdownyouragingprocessC.EatinglessmayhelpyoulivelongerD.Shouldyourdietbereducedforyourhealth【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文通过研究实验发现吃的少会使你长寿
1.A【解析】细节理解题根据第二段中Theresearcherslimitedwhatthemiceintheothergroupate.Theirdiethad35percentfewercaloriesthanthefirstgroupofmice.的提示可知他们能够很容易保持健康,故选A
2.B【解析】细节理解题根据第四段中Theresearchersfoundthatfewercaloriesslowdownanaturalmechanismincellscalledribosomes.的提示可知它们会在细胞中缓慢地产生蛋白质,故选B
4.C【解析】主旨大意题根据第一段首句Ifyouwanttoslowagingyoumightwanttoeatless.Thisfindingisgoodnews的提示可知这片名文章的主旨是吃的少会使你长寿,故选C***语法填空Arecentsurveyshowsthatstorytellingranksbeforetelevisionorvideogamesamongpastimes消遣forkids.Thesurveywascarriedoutamong500childrenaged3—4inBritainof__1__overthreequarterssaidtheywishedtheirparentscouldreadtothemmoreoften.Almosttwothirdsofthekidssaidreadingastorywiththeirparentshelpedthemsleep__2__wellandmoreeasily.Accordingtothesurveytherearetwowaysforparents__3__beegoodstorytellers.Theycanuse__4__funvoicestoshowdifferentcharactersinastory.Theycanalsomaketheirownspecialsoundstokeepthestory__5__interestandattractive.WhenMomandDadarentathandover30%ofkidswouldliketohear__6__bedtimestoryfromfamouspeoplelikeHarryPotterstarDanielRadcliffe.OthermoviestarslikeZacEfronMileyCyrusandEmmaWatson__7__welebychildrentoo.“__8__canbeverydifficultforparentstofindthetimetoreadwiththeirchildren.Butthesemomentscanhelpbuildcloserelationship__9__parentsandchildrenandalsocanplayanimportantpartintheirchilds__10__develop,”saidchildpsychologistWoolfson.1.________
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10.________篇章导读本文是一篇说明文一项调查显示,孩子对听故事的兴趣要大于看电视或者玩视频游戏文章通过一些数据告诉人们孩子喜欢听故事,同时,父母和孩子一起读故事也可以让他们之间建立更亲密的关系1.whom 考查定语从句的引导词句意这项调查是在英国500个3至4岁的孩子中间进行的,其中超过四分之三的孩子说,他们希望父母能经常给他们读故事分析句子结构可知,逗号后的句子是一个定语从句,解释说明先行词500children,引导词在从句中作介词of的宾语,且指代先行词,故用whom来引导2.better 考查副词的比较级句意差不多有三分之二的孩子说,跟父母一起读故事能帮助他们睡得更香、更易入睡根据下文中的比较级moreeasily可以推断,设空处也用比较级故填better3.tobee 考查非谓语动词句意根据这项调查,有两个让父母成为讲故事好手的方法“Therebe+n.+todo”结构中,动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词,表示将要发生的事根据句意可知,此处填动词不定式tobee4.funny 考查词性转换句意他们可以用一些有趣的声音来表现故事中不同的角色修饰名词用形容词形式故填名词fun的形容词形式funny,意为“有趣的”5.interesting 考查词性转换句意他们也可以用自己特有的声音使故事有趣,有吸引力在“keepsth.+adj.”结构中,形容词作宾补;并列连词and连接两个相同词性的成分,故此处用形容词interesting“有趣的”,修饰物6.a 考查冠词句意当父母不在身边时,超过30%的孩子喜欢从一些名人那里听到睡前故事,比如《哈利·波特》的主角丹尼尔·拉德克利夫根据句意可知,这里泛指一个故事,故填不定冠词a7.areweled 考查动词的语态和主谓一致句意其他的电影明星像扎克·埃弗龙、米利·赛勒斯和埃玛·沃森也深受孩子们喜欢主语是复数名词stars,且动词wele与主语之间为被动关系,故填被动形式areweled8.It 考查代词句意父母很难找到时间和孩子们一起读故事“Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.”结构中,it是形式主语,动词不定式短语是真正的主语故填代词It9.between 考查介词句意但是这些时刻有助于父母与子女建立亲密的关系,同时对孩子的发展也很重要between...and...为固定搭配,意为“在……和……之间”10.development 考查词性转换名词所有格后接名词形式故填动词develop的名词形式development“发展”***完形填空WhenIwasjustoutofcollege,ImanagedtogetmydreamjobasatraderinNewYorkCityontheflooroftheAmericanStock证券Exchange.Thoughitwasaproud__1__,thejobwassimplytoophysically__2__—Imuststandinacrowdeveryday,whichoften__3__meinamindset思维模式thatheldmeback.Manhattanisawalkingtownanditsdifficultto__4__whenyouhaveadisability.Taxiesareexpensiveandridingthesubway__5__dozensofsteepstepstogetbelowthe__6__.Thisleftmeonlyone__7__—thebus.Onenight,afterthe__8__formyjob,Iwasachingwithselfpity__9__itstartedtorainonmywalktothebusstop.Ibecamemoreandmore__10__withoutanumbrella,thinkingIdnever__11__itinthiscityandtellingmyself,“thiscityisjusttoohard”and“maybeitisjustnotpossibleforaguylikeme”.Andthen,I__12__themostbeautiful,shortmoment.Acouplecamerollingbyonrollerskates,hand__13__handastheyskatedwhatseemedlikethetango.Theywereallwetbuttheysawthe__14__asanopportunityandromance.IsuddenlybecamegratefulforwaitingintherainbecauseI__15__havemissedthisbeauty__16__ifIhadbeeninataxioronthesubway.This,although__17__,wasanimportantmomentonmyjourneytodiscoverthe__18__ofachievinghealthandhappiness.WhenIchangemymindset,__19__foramoment,towhatispossibleandworktogetridoftheselflimitingbeliefsthat__20__mydailyactions,Iwillbeontheroadtoahealthier,happierlife.1.A.adjustmentB.achievementC.agreementD.treatment2.A.tiringB.boringC.relaxingD.disappointing3.A.remindedB.expectedC.tookD.left4.A.goupB.getaroundC.setoffD.showup5.A.requestsB.supportsC.requiresD.surrounds6.A.groundB.streetC.townD.city7.A.changeB.chanceC.ideaD.choice8.A.struggleB.workC.experienceD.influence9.A.beforeB.whileC.whenD.after10.A.nervousB.curiousC.scaredD.upset11.A.getB.makeC.putD.watch12.A.recalledB.observedC.witnessedD.realized13.A.onB.byC.toD.in14.A.rainB.treeC.windD.cloud15.A.shallB.wouldC.needD.must16.A.exactlyB.instantlyC.entirelyD.suddenly17.A.strangeB.smallC.normalD.different18.A.humorB.honestyC.powerD.principle19.A.stillB.yetC.alsoD.even20.A.affectB.followC.forbidD.harm【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文作者工作很累,回家路上遇到下雨,心情沮丧当看到一对夫妇在雨中溜冰的画面,作者感觉到改变自己的思维模式会使自己走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路文章告诉我们改变思维模式的重要性【核心词汇】goup上升 getaround四处走动setoff出发 showup出现,到场1.B 根据第一段中的“Imanagedtogetmydreamjob”可知,作者毕业后找到了自己理想的工作,这份工作应是作者引以为傲的成就,故选B项,achievement意为“成就”adjustment“调节”;agreement“同意,一致”;treatment“治疗,对待”2.A 根据本句中的“Imuststandinacrowdeveryday”可推知,这份工作是劳累的,故选A项,tiring意为“累人的,令人疲倦的”relaxing“令人放松的”;disappointing“令人失望的”3.D 根据语境可知“我每天都必须站在人群中,这常常让我有想退缩的思维模式”“leave+sh.+宾补”表示“让某人……”,故选D项remind“提醒”;expect“预期”4.B 根据上文的“Manhattanisawalkingtown”可知,曼哈顿是一个步行商业区,所以你有残疾的话是很难四处走动getaround的goup“上升”;setoff“出发”;showup“出现,到场”5.C 根据语境可知,出租车很贵,乘坐地铁需要requires走下几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下request“请求”;support“支持”;surround“围绕”6.A 根据本句中的“thesubway”以及常识可知,人们在地面ground下乘坐地铁,故选A项7.D 句意这让我只有一种选择——公共汽车根据上文提到的交通方式都不适合作者可知,此处表示作者唯一的选择choice8.A 句意一天晚上,在为我的工作苦苦奋斗后,我一直自怨自艾,当我走向公共汽车站的时候又下起了雨根据语境可推知,此处是指在为工作奋斗struggle了一天之后experience“经历”;influence“影响”9.C 参见上题解析when在此处表示“当……的时候”,符合语境10.D 根据上文的“itstartedtorain”和空后的“withoutanumbrella”可知,下雨了,但是作者没有带伞,所以作者心情越来越沮丧upset11.B 根据上文可知,没有雨伞,作者变得越来越沮丧,心想自己在这个城市里不会取得成功了makeit是固定短语,表示“达成目标,获得成功,做成某事”12.C 句意然后,我目睹了最美丽、最短暂的时刻根据下文介绍的一对夫妇在雨中溜冰的画面可知,这是作者看到的recall“召回,回想起”;observe“观察”;witness“目睹”;realize“认识到”13.D 句意一对夫妇穿着溜冰鞋,手拉着手,他们溜冰的时候像是在跳探戈舞handinhand“手拉手地”,是固定搭配,故选D项14.A 根据上文的“itstartedtorain”和“Theywereallwet”可知,虽然他们身上都被淋湿了,但他们把雨rain当成是一个机会和一种浪漫15.B 句意我突然对在雨中等待感到感激,因为如果我在出租车或地铁上,我会完全错过这美景根据句子结构可知,此处是由if引导的对过去的虚拟句,结构为“if+主语+had+过去分词,主语+should/would/could+have+过去分词”,所以选B项16.C 根据语境可知,作者觉得如果乘坐其他交通工具就会完全错过这一幕,故选C项exactly“正是,恰好”;instantly“立即,马上”;entirely“完全地”;suddenly“突然”17.B 虽然这是生活中的一件小事,但却是作者在探索健康和幸福的旅途中的一个重要时刻strange“奇怪的,陌生的”;small“小的”;normal“正常的”;different“不同的”,故选B项18.C 根据语境可知,作者看到的这一幕给了作者力量humor“幽默”;honesty“诚实,正直”;power“力量”;principle“原则”19.D 句意当我改变我的思维模式去做可能的事情,并努力摆脱那些影响我日常行为的自我限制的信念时,即使是片刻,我都将会走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路根据句意可知,此处表示“即使”still“仍然”;yet“还,然而”;also“也,而且”;even“即使”20.A 根据语境可知,此处表示“影响affect我日常行为的自我限制的信念”***短文改错Gettingridofthebadhabitofprocrastination拖延症isnowmygoalinlife.Myfirststepwastosetsmalltargetswhatcanbereachedrealistically.ForexampleIplantosetatimetableformystudy.SoafterschoolIwillputfinishinghomeworkinthelastplace.AdditionallyIwillmakealistofmyimportanttaskincludingtheirduedatesbutfollowmyschedulestrictly.Iwillavoidfindexcusesforputtingthemoff.AtsametimeIwillaskformyfriendsandparentstohelpme.ByachievingthissmalltargetsIhaveconfidentthatIwillovereprocrastination.答案Gettingridofthebadhabitofprocrastination拖延症isnowmygoalinlife.Myfirststeptosetsmalltargetscanbereachedrealistically.ForexampleIplantosetatimetableformystudy.SoafterschoolIwillputfinishinghomeworkintheplace.AdditionallyIwillmakealistofmyimportantincludingtheirduedatesfollowmyschedulestrictly.Iwillavoidexcusesforputtingthemoff.AtsametimeIwillaskeq\o\s\do14
⑧myfriendsandparentstohelpme.ByachievingsmalltargetsIhavethatIwillovereprocrastination.难项分析第二处what→that/which 考查定语从句的引导词分析句子结构可知,本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句,先行词targets在定语从句中作主语,指物,应用that/which来引导该从句第五处but→and 考查连词根据上下文可知,make和follow两个动作之间是递进关系,故用and第十处confident→confidence 考查名词分析句子结构可知,此处应用confident的名词形式confidence作have的宾语***。