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Unit22EnvironmentalProtection【阅读理解】 TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincredit-card信用卡fraud.Yourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsite非法网站. Websitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcare. On-lineshopperswhoentertheircredit-cardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber—orselltheinformationovertheInternet.puterhackers黑客havebrokendownsecurity安全systemsraisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago25000customersofCDUniverseanon-linemusicretailer零售商werenotlucky.Theirnamesaddressesandcredit-cardnumberswerepostedonawebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157828togetbacktheinformation. Credit-cardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefraud.Mastercardisworkingonplansforweb—onlycreditcardwithalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingon-line.Howeverthereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheated欺骗. Askaboutyourcredit-cardfirm’son-linerules:UnderBritishlawcardholdershavetopaythefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulent欺骗性的spending. Andshoponlyatsecuresites;sendyourcredit-cardinformationonlyifthewebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.Ifthesecurityisinplacealetterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.Thewebsiteaddressmayalsostarttheextra“s”standsforsecure.Ifindoubtgiveyourcredit-cardinformationoverthetelephone. Keepyourpassword密码safe:Mostonlinesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.Treatyourpasswordswithcare.
1.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassageA.Alotofstolencredit-cardsweresoldontheInternet.B.FraudontheInternet.C.Manywebsitesaredestroyed.D.ManyillegalwebsitesareontheInternet.
2.Whatisthemeaningof“fraud”A.Cheating.B.Sale.C.Payment.D.Safety.
3.HowcanthethievesgettheinformationofthecreditcardA.Thecustomersgivethemtheinformation.B.Thethievesstealtheinformationfromwebsites.C.Thecustomersselltheinformationtothem.D.Thethievesbuytheinformationfromcredit-cardfirms.
4.YouareshoppingonasitestartingandyouwanttobuyaTVsetwhatdoesthisarticlesuggesttodoA.OrdertheTVsetatonce.B.DonotbuytheTVsetonthissite.C.E-mailthesiteyourcredit-cardinformation.D.TellthesiteyourpasswordandbuytheTVsetforyou.参考答案
1.B;
2.A;
3.B;
4.B解析本文介绍了网上黑客人员盗用信用卡资料进行欺骗的行为以及我们该怎样防卫的措施
1.B推理判断题根据文章第一段第一句因特网已导致使用信用卡欺骗的行为大量增加可推知此题答案为B项
2.A词义猜测题根据第一段第二句你的卡上资料可能会在网上非法出售和第四段最后一句可采用下列步骤防止受欺骗可推知此题答案为A项
3.B推理判断题根据文章第二段的提醒当心那些提供便宜商品或服务的网址可推知此题答案为B项也可采用排除法:根据文章内容排除A、C两项并且此两项也不合情理;根据文章第四段第一句可知选项D也不正确因此选B项
4.B细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段中的说明:安全的网址应在电脑的右下角有一个小字母或在网址中有一个字母s而问题中的网址中没有字母s从而可推知此题答案为B项完形填空Ifyou’rethesmartestpersoninyourcircleyou’reinthewrongcircle—you’veoutgrownit.It’stimetomovetothenext__1__.Thissayingencouragespeopleto__2__morebyhangingoutwiththosewhoaremoredrivenand__3__thantheyare.Iheardthissaying__4__tomefrommydaughter’sfriendthispastweek.AllyWesandIhavebeenrunningforuping__5__.I’mgoingtodoanother5KandAllyandWesaregoingtodothe12mileobstaclecourse.__6__,theirtrainingismoreintensethanminebutwhenIwasin__7__withthemlastweekWessuddenlysaid“Youshould__8__withus!”“Youmeandowhatyou’redoing?”Iaskedwithasurprised__9__onmyface.“Exactly,”heanswered.“Youcandoit!You__10__needsomeonetopushyou.”AsmuchasI__11__toadmitithewasright.Ineededto__12__outsidemyfortzone.Ialwaysletthemrunaheadofmecontenttorunatmyownfortablepace.Butthatwasthe__13__—I’dgrowntoofortablewithmytraining.Ihadn’tbeenpushingmyself.EversinceIhadthesurgeryinAprilIwasalittle__14__aboutrunningagain.Iwasafraidtoeventry__15__thatnightwhenWespushedmeintoit—andoutsidemyfortzone.Hewasright!Iwasabletorun—onlyabout5minutesatatimebeforeIhadtowalkagain—butitwasan__16__.AndthatwasallIneededtogetbackatit—nolongerafraidtotrainharder.RecentlyIhave__17__my“trainingcircle”toincludeAllyandWesandhewasn’tafraidtopushme.SohowarethecirclesinyourlifeAreyoubeing__18__ineveryareaofyourlifeorareyouveryfortablethesedaysnotbeing__19__atallstilllivinginsideyourfortzoneIfyou’rethemost__20__onethenit’stimetogetintoanewcircleoratleastaddtoyourexistingones.【解题导语】 如果你在一个圈子里首屈一指的话,那么你就该改变一下,走出安乐窝了1.A.patternB.levelC.itemD.standardB 解析根据文章第一句话可知,此处指是改变圈子,也就是移动到下一个“层级level”的时候了2.A.appreciateB.payC.achieveD.solveC 解析这句话鼓励人们“取得achieve”更多的成就3.A.honestB.experiencedC.potentialD.matureB 解析根据语境及空前的“moredriven”可知,此处指与那些更有干劲和“经验丰富的experienced”人为伍,向他们学习4.A.directlyB.immediatelyC.suddenlyD.graduallyA 解析此处指上周作者从女儿的朋友口中听到了这句“直接directly”对自己说的话5.A.sportsB.examsC.racesD.performancesC 解析从下文的“another5K”“the12mileobstaclecourse”可知,此处指的是即将到来的“竞赛races”6.A.HopefullyB.ThankfullyC.FortunatelyD.ObviouslyD 解析根据语境可知,作者的女儿及其朋友的训练强度“明显Obviously”大于作者的7.A.panyB.loveC.touchD.relationA 解析根据下文的“Youmeandowhatyou’redoing”可知,此处指但是上周,当作者“和他们一起pany”去训练时,Wes对作者说作者应该和他们一起参加同样强度的“训练train”inpanywithsb.意为“和某人一起”8.A.playB.exerciseC.trainD.goC 解析参见上题解析9.A.appearanceB.viewC.mannerD.lookD 解析对于Wes这样的提议,作者应该是觉得不可思议,因而脸上流露出一副吃惊的“表情look”10.A.stillB.justC.evenD.neverB 解析根据语境可知,此处指Wes说“你能做到,你只是just需要有人敦促你”11.A.expectedB.agreedC.hatedD.failedC 解析根据语境可知,此处指作者心中明白Wes说的是对的,就是“不愿意hated”承认12.A.spreadB.shiftC.immigrateD.stepD 解析此处指作者需要“走出step”自己的安乐窝13.A.opinionB.sightC.mentD.problemD 解析呼应首段首句,指作者以自己觉得舒服的速度来训练,这就是“问题problem”所在14.A.particularB.nervousC.confusedD.excitedB 解析此处是倒叙,指作者四月份动了手术之后,对再次跑步感到有点“紧张nervous”下文中的“afraid”亦是提示15.A.sinceB.ifC.afterD.untilD 解析那时候也是Wes鼓励作者重新开始跑步的在Wes敦促作者之前,作者甚至都不敢试一下until“直到……为止,在……以前”16.A.stopB.startC.endD.distanceB 解析作者之前害怕跑步,后来能跑五分钟,这是个好的“开始start”17.A.enteredB.tracedC.drawnD.enlargedD 解析根据语境可知,最近作者“扩大enlarged”了训练圈子18.A.shockedB.challengedC.strickenD.frightenedB 解析根据语境可知,此处指的是你在生活中的任何一个领域都挑战自我吗?challenge“挑战”符合语境19.A.shakenB.stretchedC.punishedD.stimulatedB 解析这些天你是否依然非常舒服地生活在你的安乐窝里,没有“全力以赴stretched”?stretch“使全力以赴,使发挥出全部本领”20.A.confidentB.specialC.suitableD.independentC 解析如果你是圈子中最“适合的suitable”,那么是时候进到一个新的圈子里了语法填空AschoolinSarajevonotonlyacceptedadeafstudentbutalso
1.____________teachtheentireclasssignlanguagetoallowthemtobettermunicatewithhim.TheheartwarmingstorybeganinSeptemberlastyear
2.____________awomanaskedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhood
3.____________accepthersixyearoldsonZejdwhohasa
4.____________heardisability.TheteacherSanelaagreedalmostimmediately
5.____________onthefirstdayofschoolshenoticedZejd
6.____________sitallbyhimselfunabletomunicatewithanyofhisclassmates.Sanela
7.____________determinetofindawayouttrieddevelopingafewsignsofherown.Butaparentofanotherchildcameupwith
8.____________evenbetteridea—gettingthewholeclasstolearnsignlanguagealongwithZejd.Sotheygotasignlanguageteacheronboardandthreemonthslater,Zejdwasabletomunicate
9.____________happywithallhisclassmatesaboutregularthingslikehomeworkand
10.____________game.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述萨拉热窝的一所学校不仅接受了一个名字叫作Zejd的有听力障碍的学生,而且还请老师教整个班级学生手语来方便他们更好地和Zejd进行交流的故事1.taught 解析考查动词的时态通读全文可知,本文整体时态为一般过去时,所以空格处应用teach的过去式形式故填taught2.when 解析考查定语从句分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词为“September”,从句中缺少时间状语故填when3.toaccept 解析考查非谓语动词asksb.todosth.为固定用法,意为“要求某人做某事”故填toaccept4.hearing 解析考查词性转换hear为动词,此处应用hear的名词形式hearing作定语修饰“disability”hearingdisability意为“听力残疾,听力障碍”故填hearing5.but/yet 解析考查连词句意为Sanela老师几乎立刻同意了,但是在开学的第一天,她注意到Zejd独自一人坐着,不能和班级的任何同学交流前后两个分句为转折关系故填but/yet6.sitting 解析考查非谓语动词noticesb.doingsth.意为“注意到某人正在做某事”感官动词notice之后常接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行故填sitting7.determined 解析考查词性转换此处用determine的形容词形式determined作状语,表示主语“Sanela”当时所处的状态故填determined8.an 解析考查冠词句意为但是另一个孩子的家长想出了一个更好的主意……根据句意可知,此处表示泛指,意为“一个更好的主意”;且even的读音以元音音素开头,故填an9.happily 解析考查词性转换在英语中,常用副词修饰动词此处应用happy的副词形式修饰动词“municate”故填happily10.games 解析考查名词的数根据上文“regularthings”可知,此处应为复数含义,game为可数名词故此处应填其复数形式gamesⅡ、七选五Selfconfidentpeoplefacetheirfearsheadonandtheyknowthatnomatterwhatobstaclesetheirway,theyhavetheabilitytogetpastthem.Wouldn’titbeamazingtohavethiskindofselfconfidence?Guesswhat?Youcan.
1.Stayawayfromnegativity.2.Thisisatoughone,butit’stimetoseriouslyconsidergettingawayfromthoseindividualswhoputyoudownandshredyourconfidence.EvenatemporarybreakfromDebbieDownercanmakeahugedifferenceandhelpyoumovetowardmoreselfconfidence.Bepositive.Putsomepositiveenthusiasmintoyourinteractionswithothersandhitthegroundrunning,excitedtobeginyournextproject.
3.Instead,begintofocusonsolutionsandmakingpositivechanges.Don’tacceptfailure.Nevergiveup.Neveracceptfailureandgetridofthenegativevoicesinyourhead.Thereisasolutiontoeverything.
4.Makethisyournewmantra真言.Succeedinginadifficultorunpleasantsituationisahugeconfidencebooster激励.5.Learneverythingthereistoknowaboutyourfield,job,presentation—whateverisnextonyour“toconquer”list.Ifyouareprepared,andhavetheknowledgetobackitup,yourselfconfidencewillriseveryquickly.A.Beprepared.B.Createagreatlist.C.Getoutofyourfortzone.D.Stopfocusingontheproblemsinyourlife.E.Therefore,whywouldyouwanttostoptryingF.Here’showyoucanlearntobeconfidentofallyoudo.G.Evaluateyourinnercircle,includingfriendsandfamily.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了提高自信的一些方法1.F 解析根据空前的“Wouldn’titbeamazingtohavethiskindofselfconfidence?Guesswhat?Youcan.”及下文罗列的内容可知,此处需填一个承上启下的句子,故F项“这是你可以学会对你所做的所有事情感到自信的方法”符合语境
2.G 解析根据小标题“Stayawayfromnegativity.”以及G项中的“friendsandfamily”与空后句子中的“thoseindividuals”的对应关系可知,G项符合语境3.D 解析根据小标题“Bepositive.”及空后的“Instead,begintofocusonsolutionsandmakingpositivechanges.”可知,空处所填内容与其后面的内容之间存在转折关系,故D项“不要再关注你生活中的问题”符合语境4.E 解析根据空前的“Nevergiveup.Neveracceptfailureandgetridofthenegativevoicesinyourhead.Thereisasolutiontoeverything.”可知,空处所填内容与上文存在因果关系,故E项“因此,你为什么想要放弃努力呢?”符合语境5.A 解析根据最后一段中的内容尤其是“Ifyouareprepared,andhavetheknowledgetobackitup...”可知,本段介绍的提高自信的方法是要做好准备,故A项符合语境Ⅲ、短文改错Mistakesareunavoidableinlife.Butattitudestowardsitmaymakeadifference.IstillrememberhowmyspokenEnglishwasimproved.Inabeginning,Ialwayskeptsilentinouroralclasstoavoidmakemistakes.Beforelongmyteachergottoknowaboutmysituation.HeencouragedmetospeakoutthatIthought.WheneverImademistakesandfeltdiscouraging,myteacherandmyclassmateswouldhelpmefigureouthowImusthaveavoidedthem.IalsojoinedinanEnglishclubtogetmorechancestospeak.Practicemadeperfect.NowIcantalkfluentinEnglish.Justasthesayinggoes,“Everybeanhasitsblack.”Dontafraidofmakingmistakes.Learnfrommistakes,andsuccessisjustwaitingforus.【答案】 Mistakesareunavoidableinlife.Butattitudestowardsmaymakeadifference.IstillrememberhowmyspokenEnglishwasimproved.Inbeginning,Ialwayskeptsilentinouroralclasstoavoidmistakes.Beforelongmyteachergottoknowaboutmysituation.HeencouragedmetospeakoutIthought.WheneverImademistakesandfelt,myteacherandmyclassmateswouldhelpmefigureouthowIhaveavoidedthem.IalsojoinedanEnglishclubtogetmorechancestospeak.Practiceperfect.NowIcantalkinEnglish.Justasthesayinggoes,“Everybeanhasitsblack.”Dontafraidofmakingmistakes.Learnfrommistakes,andsuccessisjustwaitingforus.第一处it→them考查代词根据语境可知,第二句中“towards”的宾语指代的是第一句的主语“Mistakes”,故用them第二处a→the考查冠词根据前一句“IstillrememberhowmyspokenEnglishwasimproved.”可知,该处特指上文中“提高英语口语水平”的开始,故用定冠词第三处make→making考查非谓语动词avoiddoingsth.为固定用法,意为“避免做某事”第四处that→what考查宾语从句分析该句结构可知,该句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句,what既作宾语从句的引导词,也作从句中及物动词thought的宾语,而that在从句中不能作成分,故将that改为what第五处discouraging→discouraged考查形容词根据从句主语I可知,该处应用discouraged形容人,意为“沮丧的”;discouraging形容事物,意为“令人沮丧的”第六处must→could考查情态动词根据语境可知,该句使用了虚拟语气,表示“过去本能够做却没有做”,故用couldhavedone第七处删除in考查固定搭配该处指“参加英语俱乐部”,参加某个组织用join,而joinin为固定搭配,意为“参加活动”,故删除in第八处made→makes考查主谓一致和时态句意熟能生巧该句为一般真理,故用一般现在时;该句主语为Practice,为不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式,故用makes第九处fluent→fluently考查副词根据该句中的动词“talk”可知,此处修饰动词,故用副词形式第十处afraid前加be考查祈使句分析句子结构可知,该句为祈使句,afraid为形容词,故afraid前加动词原形be。