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Makingthenews
一、阅读理解Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealththey’reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.IsitgoodforyourheartDoesitincreasebloodpressureDoesithelpyouconcentrateHowevercoffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherwaystoo.Traditionallycoffeebushesareplantedunderthecanopy树荫oftallertrees.HowevermoreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfullsuncoffee.Atfirstthisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen’tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioneincreasedprofits.Unfortunatelydeforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreasesthelocalwildlifehabitatbecausenativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators捕食者onthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.Furthermoreinthelongtermthefullsunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticides杀虫剂areneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplantsandthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswellandcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.FortunatelyfarmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas“shadegrown”and“birdfriendly”.Surethesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe’repayingforthehealthofthebirdsthelandourselvesandtheplanet.Ithinkit’sworthit.【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文,通过拉丁美洲的农民种植咖啡作物的事例说明了咖啡作物长在树下对生态系统的重要性1.WhichopiniondoestheauthoragreewithA.Peopleshouldbuyfullsuncoffee.B.Shadegrowncoffeeshouldbesupported.C.Farmersshouldchangetheplacestogrowcoffee.D.Pesticidesshouldbeforbiddenincoffeeplanting.B 解析细节理解题根据第五段的第二句可知,作者支持农民种植对鸟类无害的长在树下的咖啡作物,故B项正确2.paredwiththetraditionalmethodwhatadvantagedoesthefullsunmethodhaveA.Itcanprotecttheecosystem.B.Itcanpromotepeople’shealth.C.Itcanprovidemorenestsforbirds.D.Itcanincreasetheproductionofcoffee.D 解析细节理解题根据第二段的最后两句可知,全阳光照射这种方法能提高咖啡豆的产量,增加利润,故D项正确3.HowdofarmersgetmorelandtogrowfullsuncoffeeA.Theycutdowntrees.B.Theymovetoothercountries.C.Theyturngrasslandintofarmland.D.Theybuymorelandfromotherfarmers.A 解析细节理解题根据第二段的第二句可知,农民通过砍伐树林来种植全阳光照射的咖啡作物,故A项正确4.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageA.Itisquiteworthwhiletobuyshadegrowncoffeeatanycost.B.Farmersallhaverealizedtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentnow.C.SouthAmericanfarmersaretakingactiontoplantcoffeebushesinthetraditionalway.D.Thefullsunmethoddoesgoodtothehealthofhumanbeingsinthelongrun.C 解析推理判断题根据第五段的第一句并结合第二段的第一句可推知,中南美洲的农民意识到了咖啡作物长在树下的重要性,他们开始改变种植方法,选择传统的种植方法,故C项正确
二、单句语法填空1.Wemustconcentrateourefforton________findwaystoreducecosts.答案finding concentrateonesefforton...“集中精力……”,on为介词,故填动名词finding2.Theystudyhard________acquireagoodknowledgeofEnglish.答案toacquire 此处不定式在句中作目的状语3.Illkeepyou________informoftheprogressmadeatanytime.答案informed keepsb.informedofsth.“通知某人某事/使某人了解某事”4.Itisdifficult________assesstheeffectsofthesechanges.答案toassess Itis+adj.+todosth.“做某事是……的”5.Youcanneverdependonit________hecanarriveontime.答案that dependonitthat“指望/相信……”6.—Areyou________accusemeoflyingtotheheadmaster—Imsureyoudid.答案accusing accusesb.ofdoingsth.“指责/控告某人做某事”本句是一般疑问句,谓语动词用了现在进行时7.Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoasto________receiveintimeforChristmas.答案bereceived soastodo...“为了做……”,gifts与receive之间为被动关系,故应填bereceived8.Therearecases________thisruledoesnotwork.答案where 若定语从句的先行词为抽象地点名词casestagepointpositioncondition等时,且定语从句中缺少地点状语,应用where引导定语从句9.Helefttheclassroomwithoutthe________approveoftheteacher.答案approval 由空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知,设空处应填名词形式,即approval10.Peopledemandedthattheinjured________taketohospitalatonce.答案shouldbetaken demand意为“要求”,后跟宾语从句时,从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略主语theinjured与动词take之间是被动关系,故用被动语态
三、完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项Thatwasasunnyday.MyfatherandIwereontheway__1__myuncleshome.Peopleonthestreetwerewalkingleisurelyandchatting__2__,whilemyfatherwaswalkinginahurry.Itriedmybestto__3__him.ButIwasstillleftbehind.Icouldnotunderstandwhyhe__4__sofast.Duetothefastspeed,Ilostmy__5__andwaspletelywithsweat.Somehow,Ibegantobeangryathim.Healwaysdidnotthinkaboutmy__6__.“WhydoyouwalksofastDontyouseemebehindyou?”Isaid__7__.“Youarealwayslikethis.Whymustyou__8__soloudly?”hesaidandhisfacegotredrightaway.Infact,Ideliberatelyspokeloudlyandmadehimangry.“Itisyour__9__!”Ishoutedathimimmediately.“Youalwaysliketo__10__others!”hecriedout.Thismademefallintoarage愤怒.Thenwe__11__onthestreet.Whateverhesaid,Iquicklyansweredback.Atthattime,Iwaslikeawildbeast,losingmytemper.Manypeoplestoppedtolookatus.Iwasso__12__thatIcouldfeelmyfaceburning,forIsawsomepeople__13__me,whichmademeloseface.Itouchedmyface__14__glaredathim.“Iwillnevertalktohim,”Isaidtomyselfangrily.__15__couldmakepeopleforgeteverythingthatyourbelovedhaddoneforyou.WhenIwenttocollege,Istillhatedhim.Ididnotsayanythingtohim,__16__Iwerenothisdaughter.AlwaysIpretendedtoplainthatIwastoo__17__whenhecalledme.However,itwashistearsfromthewornout__18__thatmademefeelguiltywhenwemet.Hehadgivenmeeverythinghehad,butIcouldnot.__19__,IrealizedthatIshouldnothatehim.NowIbegintophonehimandaskhimtotakecareofhimself.Althoughsometimesparentswill__20__wrong,theyjusthopewecanbebetter.1.A.at B.toC.forD.of2.A.perfectlyB.eagerlyC.anxiouslyD.enjoyably3.A.makefunofB.catchupwithC.makewayforD.getridof4.A.walkedB.ranC.startedD.trained5.A.temperB.confidenceC.breathD.balance6.A.beliefsB.behaviorC.feelingsD.requests7.A.calmlyB.frequentlyC.softlyD.loudly8.A.tellB.claimC.readD.speak9.A.faultB.crueltyC.originD.business10.A.enjoyB.admireC.blameD.abuse11.A.foughtB.bargainedC.consultedD.quarreled12.A.alarmedB.afraidC.ashamedD.amazed13.A.askingforB.laughingatC.waitingforD.aimingat14.A.andB.soC.butD.or15.A.AngerB.SenseC.CareD.Shame16.A.incaseB.asifC.unlessD.after17.A.wrongB.crazyC.busyD.innocent18.A.armB.faceC.headD.body19.A.NaturallyB.OccasionallyC.ObviouslyD.Gradually20.A.doB.giveC.findD.keep【解题导语】作者因一件小事和父亲在大街上争吵,致使自己颜面尽失,于是下定决心不再与父亲说话但随着岁月的流逝,作者意识到是愤怒让自己忘记了自己最爱的人为自己所做的一切,于是逐渐改变了自己对父亲的态度1.B 根据语境可知,作者与父亲是在去叔叔家的路上onthewayto...意为“在去……的路上”,符合语境故选B项2.D 该句中while表示对比,意为“然而”此处是说作者和父亲走得比较匆忙,而街上的其他人走得比较悠闲,边走边开心地enjoyably聊着天故选D项perfectly意为“完美地”;eagerly意为“急切地”;anxiously意为“焦虑地”3.B 从下文的Iwasstillleftbehind可知,父亲走得很快,作者试图赶上他,但是仍然被落在了后面catchupwith意为“赶上”,符合语境故选B项makefunof意为“取笑”;makewayfor意为“给……让路”;getridof意为“摆脱……;除去……”4.A 根据第二段开头的Whydoyouwalksofast?可知,此处指作者不知道为什么父亲走walked得那么快故选A项5.C 根据空后的pletelywithsweat可知,由于走得太快,作者气喘吁吁、汗流浃背loseonesbreath意为“喘不过气来”,符合语境故选C项temper意为“脾气”;confidence意为“信心”;balance意为“平衡”6.C 根据上文中的Ibegantobeangryathim可知,作者对父亲很生气,认为他根本不考虑作者的感受feelings故选C项belief意为“信念”;behavior意为“行为;举止”;request意为“请求;要求”7.D 上文提到作者很生气,所以说话的声音应该是很大的根据第8空后的soloudly也可知答案故选D项calmly意为“平静地”;frequently意为“频繁地”;softly意为“温柔地”8.D 根据下文的Infact,Ideliberatelyspokeloudlyand...可知,此处指父亲埋怨作者说话声音大故选D项9.A 作者责怪父亲走太快,自己跟不上,因此,此处指作者认为这都是父亲的过错fault故选A项cruelty意为“残忍”;origin意为“起源”;business意为“事情;商业”10.C 作者在埋怨父亲,而此时父亲也非常生气因此,父亲在说作者总是责备blame别人故选C项enjoy意为“喜欢”;admire意为“欣赏”;abuse意为“虐待;滥用”11.D 根据下文Whateverhesaid,Iquicklyansweredback.AtthattimeIwaslikeawildbeast,losingmytemper.可知,作者大发脾气,与父亲在大街上吵了起来,所以选quarreled,意为“争吵”fight意为“打架”;bargain意为“讨价还价”;consult意为“咨询”12.C 根据空后的Icouldfeelmyfaceburning可知,和父亲吵架引来很多路人驻足观看,作者感觉自己的脸滚烫,因此可推断,作者感到羞愧ashamedalarmed意为“担忧的;恐慌的”;afraid意为“害怕的”;amazed意为“惊奇的”13.B 由空后的mademeloseface可知,作者觉得很丢人,因为看到路人在嘲笑她laughat意为“嘲笑”,符合语境故选B项askfor意为“请求;要求”;waitfor意为“等待”;aimat意为“针对;以……为目标”14.A 句意为我摸了摸我的脸,怒视着他touched和glared是作者先后做的两个并列的动作,所以用and连接15.A 文中反复提到angry,通过对与父亲吵架的描述可知,此处指生气能让人忘记你所爱的人为你做的一切故选A项16.B 设空后的Iwerenothisdaughter为虚拟语气,作者因怒生恨,吵架后不与父亲说话,就好像自己不是父亲的女儿似的asif意为“好像”,符合语境incase意为“以防”;unless意为“除非”;after意为“在……之后”17.C 父亲每次打电话时,作者总是抱怨太忙busy意为“忙碌的”,符合语境故选C项wrong意为“错误的”;crazy意为“疯狂的”;innocent意为“无辜的”18.B 眼泪应该是从脸上流下来,所以选face句意为但是,当我们见面时,父亲那饱经沧桑的脸上流下的泪水使我感到内疚19.D 根据空后的IrealizedthatIshouldnothatehim可知,作者越来越理解父亲,认识到不应该再恨父亲,此处强调的是一个心理逐渐变化的过程gradually意为“慢慢地;逐渐地”,符合语境故选D项naturally意为“自然地”occasionally意为“偶然”;obviously意为“明显地”20.A 尽管有时候父母会做错事,但是他们希望我们能更好此处指可能会做错事,所以选A项
四、单句改错1.Youllbefacedwithtwochoices—whethertobefiredornotdependonyourperformanceinthework.______________________________________________________答案depend→depending 句中已有谓语动词befacedwith且无连词,故depend应用非谓语动词形式dependingon...现在分词短语在句中作状语2.Wehadathoroughlycleaningofourhouseattheweekend.______________________________________________________答案thoroughly→thorough 此处需用形容词thorough来修饰动名词cleaning,故改为thorough3.Itisdemandedthatadoctormustbesentfor.______________________________________________________答案must→should或去掉must demand后跟宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时,从句应用虚拟语气,其谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略4.Theyarealleagertothechancetobethetoponesintheworldpetitionasathletes.______________________________________________________答案第一个to→for beeagerforsth.“渴望得到某物”5.Youdbetterputonathicksweaterincaseofitsnows.______________________________________________________答案去掉of incaseofsth.“如果;假使”;incase+从句“万一/以防……;如果/假使……”根据从句“itsnows”可知应用incase,故去掉of
五、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧,并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线\划掉修改在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者从第11处起不计分2018·烟台诊断LiMingisafriendofmine.Imgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyearsbefore.Hegottiredsoeasythathecouldnttakeexercise,thatmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlesshewentonlikethat,hewouldendupachievenothing.Sohemadeuphismindstomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovereitwithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.【答案】LiMingisafriendofmine.Imgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyears.Hegottiredsothathecouldnttakeexercise,madehimveryupset.Later,herealizedhewentonlikethat,hewouldendupnothing.Sohemadeuphistomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedbasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetableslessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldoverewithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.第一处考查动词的时态根据本句的时间状语“inthepasttwoyears”可知,此处应用现在完成时故加has第二处考查副词根据句子所使用的一般过去时可知,此处是指两年前ago立足现在,表示从现在起的2年前;before立足过去,表示从过去某一时刻起的2年前此处应用ago第三处考查副词easy是形容词,意为“容易的”;easily是副词,意为“容易地”此处应用副词修饰动词词组“gottired”,意为“很容易劳累”故用easily第四处考查定语从句根据句型结构分析可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,不能用that引导,所以用which指代前面的整句话;或者在that前加and,构成and连接的两个并列句故用which/andthat第五处考查连词unless意为“除非”,相当于if...not;if意为“如果”根据句意可知,后来他意识到如果他继续那样,他将什么也不会获得故用if第六处考查非谓语动词endupdoingsth.意为“以做某事而告终”,此处应用动名词故用achieving第七处考查固定搭配makeuponesmindtodosth.是固定短语,意为“下定决心做某事”,mind的单复数由ones决定,因为这里是his,所以用单数故用mind第八处考查冠词球类名词前不加冠词playbasketball意为“打篮球”故去掉the第九处考查连词or意为“或者”,表示选择;and意为“和”,表示并列此处“morevegetables”和“lessmeat”是并列的故用and第十处考查代词根据语境可知,此处指代上文中的“problems”,所以用them。