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Globalwarming
一、阅读理解PriscillaOuchidas“energyefficient”houseturnedouttobeahorribledream.Whensheandherengineerhusbandmarriedafewyearsago,theybuilta$100000,threebedroomhomeinCalifornia.Tightlysealedtopreventairleaks,thehousewasequippedwithsmalldoublepanedwindowsandseveralotherenergysavingfeatures.Problemsbeganassoonasthecouplemovedin,however.Priscillaseyesburned.Herthroatwasconstantlydry.Shesufferedfromheadachesandcouldhardlysleep.Itwasasthoughshehadsuddenlydevelopedastrangeillness.Expertsfinallytracedthecauseofherillness.Thelevelofformaldehyde甲醛gasinherkitchenwastwicethemaximumallowedbyfederalstandardsforchemicalworkers.ThesourceofthegasHernewkitchencupboardsandwalltowallcarpeting.TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollutionwhichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenationsdrivetosaveenergy.Theproblemitselfisntnew.“Theindoorenvironmentwasdirtylongbeforeenergyconservationcamealong,”saysMoschandreasapollutionscientistatGeometTechnologiesinMaryland.“Energyconservationhastendedtoaccentuatethesituationinsomecases.”Theproblemappearstobemoretroublesomeinnewlyconstructedhomesratherthanoldones.Backinthedayswhenenergywascheap,homebuildersdidntworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.Becauseofsuchleaks,theairinanaveragehomewasreplacedbyfreshoutdoorairaboutonceanhour.Asaresult,thepollutantsgeneratedinmosthouseholdsseldombuilduptodangerouslevels.1.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheOuchidashouse________.A.iswellworththemoneyspentonitsconstructionB.isalmostperfectfromthepointofenergyconservationC.failedtomeetenergyconservationstandardsD.wasdesignedandconstructedinascientificway2.WhatmadetheOuchidasnewhouseahorribledreamA.Lackoffreshair.B.Poorqualityofbuildingmaterials.C.Gasleakageinthekitchen.D.Thenewlypaintedwalls.3.WhywerecracksinoldhousesnotabigconcernA.Becauseindoorcleannesswasnotemphasized.B.Becausetheyweretechnicallyunavoidable.C.Becauseenvironmentalprotectionwasmoreimportant.D.Becauseenergyusedtobeinexpensive.4.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfromanarticleentitled“________”.A.EnergyConservationB.HousesBuildingCrisisC.AirPollutionIndoorsD.TrapsinBuildingConstruction【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了Ouchida夫妇响应国家号召建造了节能的房子,但是因为房子密不透风,使室内缺少新鲜空气,而且甲醛含量超标,室内空气污染,导致他们的身体出现了状况长难句分析TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution,whichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenationsdrivetosaveenergy.第三段第一句分析本句是复合句TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution是主句;which引导非限制性定语从句译文Ouchida夫妇是室内空气污染的受害者,这没有得到足够的重视,部分原因是国家鼓励节约能源词汇积累equipv.配备 victimn.受害者constantlyadv.经常 sufficientadj.足够的1.B 推理判断题Tightlysealedtopreventairleaks.thehousewasequippedwithsmalldoublepanedwindowsandseveralotherenergysavingfeatures.第一段第三句译文房子密封,防止漏气,房子配备了小的双层玻璃窗和具有其他几个节能的特点解题思路根据关键句可推知,从节能的角度来看,他们的房子几乎是完美的故选B2.A 推理判断题根据第
二、三段内容可推知,Ouchida夫妇的新房子缺少新鲜空气,并且甲醛含量严重超标,这也是房屋主人患病的主要原因故选A3.D 细节理解题Backinthedayswhenenergywascheaphomebuildersdidntworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.最后一段第二句译文在能源还是很便宜的时候,房屋的建造者对不密封的裂缝并不是很担心解题思路根据关键句可知,过去不关心房屋裂缝是因为那时能源不贵故选D4.C 推理判断题根据文章内容可知,文章主要围绕节能造成室内污染的问题展开论述,因此AirPollutionIndoors适合做标题故选C
二、单句语法填空1.Fatherisstronglyopposedto________goshoppingonSundaybecausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.答案going beopposedto...“反对……”,其中to为介词,其后应接名词、动名词作宾语2.Thepricesofthiskindofwineranged________tenyuan________100yuanperbottle.答案from;to rangefrom...to...“在某范围内变化”3.Thoughheislessthanoneyearoldheisstrongenoughtowalk________steady.答案steadily 副词作状语,在句中修饰动词walk4.Doyouknowhowtheaccidentcame________答案about eabout“发生”5.WithSpringFestivalapproachingpricesoffruitandvegetables________goup.答案havegone goup“上升;增长;升起”6.Quantitiesofmoney________spendinbringingupthechildrensincetheyweremarried.答案havebeenspent “aquantityof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词与名词的数保持一致;而“quantitiesof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数且由since可知应用现在完成时,再根据money与spend之间的被动关系,故填havebeenspent7.Howmanytimesdoyoudineoutperweek________average答案on onaverage“平均起来;平均来说”句意你平均每周在外用餐多少次?8.Underthese________circumstancewhatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitude.答案circumstances underthesecircumstances“在这些情况下”9.Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhasa________tendtobeewiderandwider.答案tendency 由设空前的a可知,应填名词形式,tendency“趋势;倾向”10.Theheavysnowcaneasilyresult________manyaccidentsinwinter.答案in resultin“导致”
三、完形填空Irememberthatitwasafewyearsagothatanoldwomansteppedintomyvideostore,alongwithherdaughter.The__1__wasdisplayingaseriousstateofimpatience,__2__herwatcheveryfewseconds.Ifthedaughterhadpossessedaleash绳子,hermotherwouldhavebeen__3__toitasameansofpullingheralongto__4__therushofothershoppers.Walkingover,Iasked__5__Icouldhelpher.Thewomansmiledatmeandshowedmea__6__onapieceofpaper.__7__rushingofftofindtheDVDforthewoman,Iaskedherto__8__withmesoIcouldshowherwhereshecouldfinditandIwantedtoenjoyher__9__foramoment.Aswewalkedalongthebackofthestore,I__10__itsfloorplan分布图oldtelevisionshowsactionmoviescartoons,sciencefictionfilmsetc.Thewomanseemedgladoftheunrushed“trip”and__11__conversation.Isaidtoherdaughter,“__12__someadvice?”“Ofcoursenot,”saidthedaughter.“Cherish__13__,”Isaid.“Whenshesgone,itsthelittle__14__thatebacktoyou.Timeslikethis.Iknow.”Itwas__15__.IstillmissedmymomandrememberedthetimeswhenIdusedmyimpatiencetomakeher__16__.Togethertheymadetheirwaytowardsthestoresrestingarea.Theysatthereforamoment,sidebyside,__17__theholidaycrowds.Thenthedaughterglancedoverandimmediately__18__hermotherlovingly.Andslowlysheplacedherarmwith__19__unaccustomedaffectionaroundhermothersshouldersand__20__guidedherbackintothecrowd.1.A.merchantB.waitressC.motherD.daughter2.A.fixingB.removingC.checkingD.adjusting3.A.fastenedB.devotedC.accustomedD.applied4.A.breakawayfromB.makewayforC.getalongwithD.keeppacewith5.A.whenB.whetherC.whyD.how6.A.tipB.titleC.ticketD.receipt7.A.ApartfromB.AstoC.RatherthanD.Regardlessof8.A.municateB.jogC.tradeD.walk9.A.stayB.holidayC.panyD.time10.A.describedB.blamedC.appreciatedD.corrected11.A.casualB.attractiveC.severeD.convincing12.A.PrepareB.MindC.LackD.Offer13.A.herB.meC.herselfD.yourself14.A.feelingsB.presentsC.chancesD.moments15.A.reasonableB.possibleC.trueD.appropriate16.A.desperateB.upsetC.puzzledD.astonished17.A.approachingB.evaluatingC.observingD.expecting18.A.attendedB.foundC.recognizedD.watched19.A.apparentlyB.suddenlyC.basicallyD.gradually20.A.accidentallyB.gentlyC.smoothlyD.randomly【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文“我”在音像商店工作时遇到一位老母亲和女儿一起购买DVD,这个女儿行色匆匆,恨不能用绳子拉着行动迟缓的母亲“我”让这位母亲和“我”一起寻找她想要的DVD,并建议这个女儿要珍惜母亲的陪伴最后,她挽着母亲,走进人群中……【核心词汇】alongwith...和……一道astateof...一种……状态impatiencen.不耐烦,无耐心 rushoff赶紧去conversationn.会话,交谈 cherish珍爱,爱护sidebyside肩并肩地unaccustomedadj.不习惯的,奇怪的,不寻常的affectionn.影响,喜爱,慈爱,感情1.D 根据上文中的“anoldwomansteppedintomyvideostorealongwithherdaughter”可知,一位老母亲和她的女儿一起来到“我”的音像商店;结合下文中的“Ifthedaughterhadpossessed...othershoppers”可知,女儿显得很不耐烦,故D项正确A项意为“商人”;B项意为“女侍者,女服务员”2.C 根据上文内容以及空处所在句中的“displayingaseriousstateofimpatience”可知,这个女儿显得很不耐烦;据此可以判断,她不停地查看checking手表,故选C项A项意为“固定,修理”;B项意为“移开,去除”;D项意为“调整,校正”3.A 根据空处所在句中的“Ifthedaughterhadpossessedaleash绳子,hermotherwouldhavebeen__3__toitasameansofpullingheralong”可知,如果这个女儿有一根绳子的话,她的母亲将被系在绳子的一头A项意为“把……系在”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“致力,奉献”;C项意为“使习惯”;D项意为“申请,运用”4.D 根据上文及空后的“therushofothershoppers”可以判断,如果有绳子,这个女儿将用绳子拉住她的母亲,以赶上keeppacewith匆匆的购物人群,故选D项A项意为“突然挣脱,逃脱”;B项意为“给……让路”;C项意为“与……融洽相处”5.B 根据该空所在句中的“Iasked__5__Icouldhelpher”可知,空处引导宾语从句,作动词asked的宾语,由“Icouldhelpher”和asked可以判断,“我”问她是否需要帮忙因此用whether引导该宾语从句,故B项正确6.B 根据下文中的“findtheDVD”,结合该空所在句“Thewomansmiledatmeandshowedmea__6__onapieceofpaper”可知,这位母亲微笑着递给“我”一张写有名称的纸B项意为“名称,标题”,符合语境,故B项正确A项意为“建议”,C项意为“票”,D项意为“收据”,都与语境不符7.C 根据该空所在句中的“Iaskedherto__8__withmesoIcouldshowherwhereshecouldfindit”可知,“我”让她和“我”一起走walk以便“我”能让她知道她在哪里可以找到她需要的DVD;据此可以判断,“我”没有急忙为她寻找C项意为“而不是”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“除……之外”;B项意为“至于”;D项意为“不管,不顾”8.D 参见上题解析下文中的“walked”亦是提示A项意为“交流”,B项意为“慢跑”,C项意为“交易”,都与语境不符9.C 根据空后的“Aswewalkedalongthebackofthestore”可知,“我”和她一起走着寻找她需要的DVD;结合该空所在句中的“Iwantedtoenjoyher__9__foramoment”可以判断,“我”想要她陪伴pany“我”一会儿A项意为“停留,逗留”;B项意为“假期”10.A 根据该空所在句中的“itsfloorplan分布图oldtelevisionshows,actionmovies,cartoons,sciencefictionfilmsetc.”可知,“我”向她描述described着商店的商品分区情况老的电视节目、动作片、卡通片以及科幻片等故A项正确B项意为“责备”;C项意为“欣赏”;D项意为“纠正”11.A 根据空前的“Thewomanseemedgladoftheunrushed‘trip’”可知,这位母亲对这次并不匆忙的购物过程感到很满意;空处与“theunrushed‘trip’”,相呼应,据此可以判断,该处表示“轻松随意的交谈”A项意为“轻松的,随意的”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“吸引人的”;C项意为“严厉的,严肃的”;D项意为“使人信服的”12.B 根据这个女儿的回答“Ofcoursenot”可知,她不介意“我”提出建议;据此可以判断,此处表示“介意我提点建议吗?”B项意为“介意”,符合语境,故B项正确A项意为“准备”,C项意为“缺乏”,D项意为“提供”,都与语境不符13.A 根据下文中的“Whenshesgone,its...toyou”可知,如果她的母亲去世了,这是她可以回想起来的时刻;据此可以判断,“我”建议她珍惜她的母亲;空处作宾语,因此用宾格her,故A项正确14.D 参见上题解析D项意为“时刻”,符合语境,故D项正确A项意为“感情”,B项意为“礼物”,C项意为“机会”,都与语境不符15.C 根据空后的“IstillmissedmymomandrememberedthetimeswhenIdusedmyimpatiencetomakeher__16__”可知,“我”仍然怀念“我”的母亲,记得“我”用不耐烦让“我”的母亲难过的日子;据此可以判断,“我”对她说的这种情况是真实的true故C项正确A项意为“合理的”;B项意为“可能的”;D项意为“适当的,恰当的,相称的”16.B 参见上题解析B项意为“难过的”,符合语境,故B项正确A项意为“无望的,不顾一切的”,C项意为“困惑的,无法理解的”,D项意为“惊讶的”,都与语境不符17.C 根据该空所在句“Theysatthereforamoment,sidebyside,__17__theholidaycrowds”可知,这对母女肩并肩坐着,注视着假日里的人群;C项意为“观察,注视”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“靠近”,B项意为“评估”,D项意为“期望”,都与语境不符18.D 根据该空所在句“Thenthedaughterglancedoverandimmediately__18__hermotherlovingly”可知,女儿充满爱意地看着她的母亲,D项意为“看着”,符合语境,故D项正确A项意为“参加”,B项意为“发现”,C项意为“认识”,都与语境不符19.A 根据该空所在句中的“Andslowlysheplacedherarmwith__19__unaccustomedaffectionaroundhermothersshoulders”可知,她慢慢地将她的手臂放在母亲的肩膀上,似乎不习惯这种充满爱意的表达A项意为“似乎”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“突然地”,C项意为“基本地,主要地”,D项意为“逐渐地”,都与语境不符20.B 根据语境及该空所在句中的“guidedherbackintothecrowd”可知,她慢慢地将她的手臂放在母亲的肩膀上,然后温柔地gently领着她的母亲走进人群故B项正确A项意为“偶然地,附带地,意外地”;C项意为“平滑地,平稳地,流畅地,顺利地”;D项意为“任意地,胡乱地,随便地”
四、单句改错1.Thedoctortreatedaverageof20patientsperday.______________________________________________________答案average前加an anaverageof...“平均有……”2.Italwaystakemetwohourstofinishmyhomework.______________________________________________________答案take→takes Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.“某人花费……时间做某事”,本句描述一般事实3.Anumberofnewmachineswereintroducedfromabroadresultedinanincreaseinproduction.______________________________________________________答案resulted→resulting 句中已有谓语动词wereintroduced且两句间无连词,故此处应用result的现在分词形式作结果状语4.Inthecitycenterwehavetoputupnoise.______________________________________________________答案up后加with putupwith“忍受”5.Asaresultthepilotsstrikealltheflightshadtobecancelled.______________________________________________________答案result后加of asaresultof...“由于……”,后接名词或名词短语
五、短文改错MyfatheristhemanIrespectmost.Strictashemaybe,howeverheneverfailstoshowhercareandconsideration.OnceIbrokeaneighborwindow.Seeingnobodyaround,Iranawayimmediately.WhenDadcamehome,henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathashappened.Icouldonlytellhimatruth.Insteadofscold,hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizeourneighbor.IlearnedfromthisincidentthatnotonlydoesDadtakecareofmyhealthandhealsoteachesmewhattobeagoodcitizen.HowluckilyIamtohavesuchagoodfather!【答案】 MyfatheristhemanIrespectmost.Strictashemaybe,heneverfailstoshowcareandconsideration.OnceIbrokeawindow.Seeingnobodyaround,Iranawayimmediately.WhenDadcamehome,henoticedmyuneasinessandaskedmewhathappened.Icouldonlytellhimtruth.Insteadof,hepraisedmyhonestyandthenencouragedmetoapologizeourneighbor.IlearnedfromthisincidentthatnotonlydoesDadtakecareofmyhealthhealsoteachesmetobeagoodcitizen.HowIamtohavesuchagoodfather!第一处删除however考查连词在as引导的让步状语从句中,表语放句首时,从句倒装,分析句子结构可知,however多余第二处her→his考查代词与上文人称代词he保持一致,可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词his第三处neighbor→neighbors考查名词所有格形式此处用名词所有格形式作定语,修饰名词window第四处has→had考查动词时态与asked呼应可知,此处应用过去完成时,表示过去的过去第五处a→the考查冠词tellthetruth为固定词组搭配,符合语境,故用定冠词the第六处scold→scolding考查动名词介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语,故用动名词scolding作介词of的宾语第七处our前加to考查介词apologizetosb.意为“向某人道歉”,为固定词组搭配,故用介词to第八处and→but考查连词,notonly...butalso...意为“不但……而且……”,为固定结构,故用连词but第九处what→how考查疑问词与teaches呼应可知,此处表示方式,故用how第十处luckily→lucky考查形容词与Iam呼应可知,此处应用形容词lucky作表语。