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Ahealthylife
一、阅读理解OxfordEnglishDictionaryOEDeditorsrecentlynotedthatthethreeletterword“run”hasindeedbeethesinglewordwiththemostmeaningswithabout645differentusagecasesfortheverbformalone,makingitthemostplicatedwordintheEnglishlanguage.Thevariousdefinitionsof“run”featuredintheOEDsupingthirdeditionbeginwiththeobvious“togowithquicksteps”,thencontinuetorunonfor75columnsoftype.Howcouldthreelittlelettersberesponsibleforsomuchmeaning?Contextiseverything.Thinkaboutit Whenyourunafever,forexample,thosethreelettershaveaverydifferentmeaningthanwhenyourunabathtotreatit,orwhenyourbathwaterrunsoverandwetsyourcottonbathrunner,forcingyoutorunouttothestoreandbuyanewone.Andwhenyouranoveranailintheparkinglotandnowyourcarwontevenrunproperly...God—youddothingsdifferentlyifyourantheworld.WhentheOEDsfirsteditioncameoutin1928,thelongestentrybelongedtoanotherthreeletterword“set”.Eventoday,theprinteditionoftheOEDcontainssome200meanings,beginningwith“put,lay,orstand”andcontinuingonforabout32pages.SowhathappenedBritishauthorSimonWinchesterbelieves“afeatureofourmoreenergetictimes”madewordlike“set”seemmorepassivebyparison.“Run”appearstohaveearnedsomemajorliftduringtheIndustrialRevolution.“Machinesrunclocksrunputersrun—allofthosemeaningsbeganinthemiddleofthe19thcentury,”Winchestersays.So,readytorunthroughthewholelistofdefinitions?Ah,toreadall645meaningsyoullhavetowaitforthenexteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary.1.Whichphrasehasthefirstmeaningof“run”intheupingthirdeditionofOEDA.Torunafever.B.Torunouttothestore.C.Torunabath.D.Torunamachine.2.WhatdoesthewriterintendtotellusinParagraph3A.Variousmeaningsoftheword“run”.B.Howtouse“run”inspecificcases.C.Howtolearnabouttheword“run”.D.Differentwaystoruntheworld.3.WhatcanwelearnfromthetextA.“Run”isthemostdifficultword.B.Themeaningof“set”continuesonfor75columnsoftype.C.“Run”hadthemostmeaningsin
1928.D.“Run”has645meaningsfortheverbforminthethirdeditionofOED.4.Whatmade“run”beethewordwiththemostmeaningsaccordingtoWinchesterA.OxfordEnglishDictionary.B.Thevariousdefinitions.C.Usagecasesoftheword“set”.D.TheIndustrialRevolution.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文最近《牛津英语词典》的编辑注意到由3个字母组成的单词“run”仅作为动词便具有645个不同用法,成为了英语中最复杂的单词无独有偶,还有“set”一词,也是用法较多,在词典中有大约200个意思词汇意义的复杂多样化是社会发展、进步的象征长难句分析OxfordEnglishDictionaryOEDeditorsrecentlynotedthatthethreeletterword“run”hasindeedbeethesinglewordwiththemostmeaningswithabout645differentusagecasesfortheverbformalone,makingitthemostplicatedwordintheEnglishlanguage.第一段译文《牛津英语词典》的编辑最近提到3个字母的单词“run”实际上成了唯一一个仅就动词形式来讲就拥有645个不同用法的意义最多的单词,这使它成为英语语言中最复杂的单词词汇积累definitionn.释义,定义contextn.上下文,语境,背景upingadj.即将到来的1.B 推理判断题根据第二段第一句中的“upingthirdeditionbeginwiththeobvious‘togowithquicksteps’”可知,第三版《牛津英语词典》中“run”的第一个意思是“跑”A项意为“发烧”;B项意为“向商店跑去”;C项意为“洗澡”;D项意为“运行机器”B项符合题意故选B2.A 推理判断题第三段作者都是在介绍“run”搭配的不同词组及其意义A项意为“‘run’一词的多种含义”,符合题意故选A3.D 细节理解题根据第二段中的“upingthirdedition”及第一段中的“beethesinglewordwiththemostmeaningswithabout645differentusagecasesfortheverbformalone”可知,在第三版《牛津英语词典》中“run”作为动词就有645个意思A项没有提及;B、C两项表述错误故选D4.D 细节理解题根据倒数第二段中的“‘Run’appearstohaveearnedsomemajorliftduringtheIndustrialRevolution.‘Machinesrun,clocksrun,putersrun—allofthosemeaningsbeganinthemiddleofthe19thcentury’”可知,“run”一词的含义在工业革命时期开始多起来故选D
二、单句语法填空1.HavingbeenherefortwoyearsIhavebeenaccustomedto________liveinsuchanoisyplace.答案living beaccustomedtodoingsth.“习惯于做某事”2.Peoplecaneasilybee________mentaladdictedtodrugswhentheystarttakingthem.答案mentally 句意当人们开始吸毒时,他们可能会很容易从精神上依赖毒品副词作状语修饰谓语动词短语beeaddictedto3.Itiseasyforadolescentstoget________thebadhabitofsmoking.答案into getintothehabitof...“养成……习惯”4.Thedriverwastoblameforhiscarelessdrivingsoalotofmoneywasdueto________paybythedriver.答案bepaid beduetodo...“应该做……”pay与money之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应填bepaid5.________addicttopoetryhehopedonedaytobeapoethimself.答案Addicted beaddictedto...“沉迷于……”,此处为过去分词在句首作状语6.Farmersarenowworriedthattherainwillhaveaverybadeffect________thecrops.答案on haveabadeffecton...“对……有坏的影响”7.Itisashame__________weshouldhavelostsuchanimportantcustomer.答案that Itisashamethat...“真可惜/真遗憾……”,为固定句式8.Youwillrisk________getwetbecauseitmayrain.答案getting riskdoing...“冒险做……”9.Ifeel________mydutythatIshoulddevotemyselftoteaching.答案it 句意我感到致力于教学是我的责任it在句中作形式宾语,that从句为真正的宾语10.Itisthesecondtimethathe________participateintheOlympicGames.答案hasparticipated It/This/Thatis/wasthefirst/second...timethatsb.have/haddonesth.“这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事”
三、完形填空Mymotherwasaresponsibleteacherandsheretired.SoIdecidedtogiveheroneofmyoldputerstohelpherpassthetime.Shehadalittlebitofputer__1__,soIjustsetitupforherandlether__2__withitonherown.Astimewenton,I__3__theputerwashardlytouched.Shesaidshedidntknow__4__touseit.Idecidedtoteachher.Isatand__5__everythingandsheseemedOKwithwhatIsaid.Unfortunately,mysistercalledmeatthatmoment__6__wetalkedonthephoneforanhour.ThenwhenIsawheragain,shewassittinginfrontoftheputer,lookingquite__7__.Thescreensaver屏幕保护程序hadappearedandshedidntknowhowto__8__itoff.Shehadtried__9__everykeyanditdidntwork.Itoldher,“Just__10__themousealittle.”WhatImeantwasthatshejustneededtomovethemousearoundto__11__theputerup.Whatshedidwasto__12__themouseandstartshakingitaroundinmidairuntilthe__13__wentpletelyblack.Icouldnthelplaughingbecauseofherfunny__14__.ThemoreIlaughedthe__15__shegot.ShethoughtthatIwasan__16__teacherandshedecidedtofigurethethingoutherself.Well,atleastIhelpedherovereher__17__ofbreakingsomethingandencouragedherto__18__alittle.Aboutaweeklater,Ifoundahomemade__19__cardwithamouseonthefrontmakingafunnyface__20__tomydoor.Itsaid,“Thanksfortheputerlessons.Love,Mom.”1.A.theory B.knowledgeC.technologyD.history2.A.watchB.trainC.playD.see3.A.foundB.heardC.thoughtD.ignored4.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where5.A.learnedB.describedC.explainedD.discussed6.A.andB.butC.becauseD.since7.A.amusingB.relaxedC.interestingD.discouraged8.A.getB.breakC.cutD.turn9.A.hittingB.feelingC.changingD.removing10.A.hangB.shakeC.rubD.push11.A.cleanB.wakeC.bringD.take12.A.putupB.cutoffC.pickupD.putaway13.A.screenB.curtainC.coverD.window14.A.adjustmentB.imitationC.expressionD.action15.A.ruderB.happierC.angrierD.better16.A.impatientB.humorousC.carefulD.helpful17.A.sadnessB.pressureC.fearD.depression18.A.replyB.observeC.answerD.experiment19.A.invitingB.greetingC.shoppingD.birthday20.A.appearedB.stuckC.binedD.printed【解题导语】该文主要讲述了作者教退休的母亲玩电脑的有趣故事1.B 根据下文中的“Shesaidshedidntknow__4__touseit.Idecidedtoteachher”可推知,作者的母亲对电脑所知甚少,此处指电脑知识knowledge2.C 根据上文中的“SoIdecidedtogiveheroneofmyoldputerstohelpherpassthetime”可知,作者给母亲一台自己的旧电脑是让退休的母亲自己玩playwith...“玩……”3.A 随着时间的推移,作者发现found电脑几乎没被碰过4.C 根据下文中的“Idecidedtoteachher”可推知,母亲并不知道怎么how使用电脑,于是作者决定教她5.C 根据空处前一句“Idecidedtoteachher”和空后的“andsheseemedOKwithwhatIsaid”可推知,作者给母亲讲解explained了相关的电脑知识6.A 根据语境可知,空处应填连词and,表示“然后,接着”7.D 结合语境可推知,母亲不会玩电脑,感到很泄气discouraged8.D 根据空前的“Thescreensaver屏幕保护程序hadappeared”及常识可推知,电脑出现屏幕保护程序,母亲不知道怎么把它关掉turnoff“关掉”9.A 根据空后的“anditdidntwork”可推知,母亲因为不懂得怎么关掉屏幕保护程序,于是就按hitting了每一个键10.B 根据语境可推知,作者教母亲稍微晃动shake鼠标即可下文中的“startshakingit”也是提示11.B 根据语境可推知,作者是让母亲移动鼠标,唤醒电脑wakeup“唤醒”,符合语境12.C 根据空后的“startshakingitaroundinmidair”可推知,母亲听了作者的话就把鼠标拿起来pickup,在空中摇晃13.A 根据语境可推知,母亲不会玩电脑,拿着鼠标乱晃,结果电脑屏幕screen全黑了14.D 根据语境可知,作者被母亲搞笑的行为action给逗乐了15.C 根据语境可知,作者越笑,母亲越生气angrier16.A 根据空后的“shedecidedtofigurethethingoutherself”可推知,身为老师的母亲对作者教自己玩电脑这件事很有看法,认为作者没有耐心impatient17.C 根据语境可推知,作者帮助母亲走出了害怕fear损坏东西的阴影,鼓励母亲再尝试一下18.D 参见上题解析experiment“尝试”,符合语境19.B 根据语境可知,母亲自己制作了一张贺卡greetingcard,对作者表示感谢20.B 根据语境可知,此处指卡片贴在了作者的门上stickto...意为“粘/贴在……”
四、单句改错1.Imnotaccustomedtogetupsoearlytodomorningexercises.______________________________________________________答案get→getting beaccustomedtodoing...“习惯于做……”2.Hewasdeterminedtodoitevenatriskofbeinglaughedat.______________________________________________________答案risk前加the attheriskofdoing...“冒着做……的危险”3.Toomanystressdoesharmtoyourhealth.______________________________________________________答案many→much stress“压力”,为不可数名词,故将many改为much4.Itishightimethatyougotobed.______________________________________________________答案go→went或在you后加should Itishightimethatsb.did/shoulddo...“到了某人做……的时间了”5.Ihatewhenyousaysuchthingsinpublic.______________________________________________________答案hate后加it it在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语为when引导的从句
五、七选五BeingRefreshedwithoutSleepingSometimesthereisjustnotenoughhoursinthedaytogeteverythingdoneandgetagoodnightsrest.__1__Onceinawhileyoucangetawaywithasleeplessnightandstillfeelreasonablygoodbyadjustingyourmealsandactivities.●__2__Thelastthingyouwanttodowhenyouaretiredisgetwarmandcosy;thiswillcauseyoutofallasleep.Keepingtheairconditioneronwillmakeyoufeelmuchmoreawakeandrefreshed.●Eatsmallamounts.Eatingsmallamountsofhealthyfoodwillhelprefreshyou.Fruitandnutsareagoodchoicebecausetheyarenutritiousandwillenergizeyou.__3__Trytosticktolowcarbmealstokeepyougoing.Chewinggumafteryoursmallmealwillalsohelpkeepyouawake.●Keepitbright.Whenitisdarkyourbodythinksitistimetogotosleep.Turnonlotsoflights,whichwilltrickyourbodyintowakingupandfeelingbetter.__4__Yougetdoublethebenefitsifitisdaytime.●Takeabreak.TakingalittlebreakwillhelpyouinthelongrunTurnupsomeenergizingmusictogetyourselfpositive.Relaxandtalktoafriendinpersonoronthephoneforafewminutes.__5__A.Keepitcool.B.Calmdownandsleep.C.Avoidbig,heavymealsastheywillmakeyoutired.D.Gooutsidewhetheritisdayornightforsomefreshair.E.Missingsleepregularlycanmakeyousickandshouldbeavoided.F.Whenyouaretired,youmayjustwanttositaroundanddonothing.G.Havingagoodtimeforafewminuteswillrefreshyouquickerthananythingelse.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了几种在没有睡觉的情况下恢复精神的方法难句分析Onceinawhileyoucangetawaywithasleeplessnightandstillfeelreasonablygoodbyadjustingyourmealsandactivities.第一段最后一句译文你可以偶尔一个晚上不睡觉,通过调整饮食和活动,感觉也仍然很好词汇积累adjustv.调整,适应 nutritionn.营养 energizev.使充满活力 positiveadj.积极的,乐观的1.E 根据上一句内容可知,有时白天没有足够的时间完成所有的事情,晚上也不能好好休息E项“经常失眠可能会让你生病,所以要避免”承接上文内容,符合语境故选E2.A 空格处是本段的中心句根据本段最后一句可知,开着空调会让你觉得更加清醒、精神振作A项“保持凉爽”与之呼应,能概括本段内容故选A3.C 根据下一句中的“sticktolowcarbmeals”可知,C项中的“Avoidbigheavymeals”与之相照应,即“不要吃太多,因为它们会使你很累”故选C4.D 空格下一句提到在白天会事半功倍D项“不管是白天还是夜晚去外面呼吸新鲜的空气”与下文衔接紧密,符合语境故选D5.G 根据本段的中心句“Takeabreak.”和空格上一句中的“forafewminutes”可知,D项中的“Havingagoodtimeforafewminutes”与之照应故选G。