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必修5 Unit4 MakingthenewsⅠ.阅读理解AGoldenGateBridgeLocatedinSanFranciscotheGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin
1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957theGoldenGateBridgeatalengthof2737meterswasthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.BrooklynBridgeTheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStatesopenedintheyear
1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeWashingtonBridgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridgetheGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwolevelsuspensionbridge.MackinacBridgeThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8038meters.ThearchitectofthisbridgewasDr.DavidB.Steinmanwhodirectedtheconstructionofthebridgewhichstartedintheyear1954andopenedtothepublicin
1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoBridgeLocatedinArizonathisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927endingtwoyearslatercosting$
390000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin
1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥1.WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridgeA.Itconsistsoftwobridges.B.Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C.Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D.Ittakesabout4yearstopletetheconstruction.答案与解析D考查推理判断根据第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin
1937.”可推知,金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年,故D项正确2.WhichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliestA.GoldenGateBridge.B.BrooklynBridge.C.GeorgeWashingtonBridge.D.NavajoBridge.答案与解析B考查细节理解由题干关键词“wasbuilttheearliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间;根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知,布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥,故B项正确3.WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridgeA.Havetopaysomemoney.B.Usethesecondbridge.C.Covernearly250meters.D.SeethestatueofDr.DavidB.Steinman.答案与解析A考查细节理解根据第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.”可知,使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱,故A项正确BChinesepapercuttingorjianzhiistheartofcuttingpaperdesignsandthecut-outsarealsousedtodecoratedoorsandwindowssotheyaresometimescalledchuanghua.PapercuttinghaslongbeenasymbolofEasterncharm.Therearesymmetrical对称的designsthatareusuallycreatedbysomefoldingandcutting.Whenunfoldeditformsasymmetricaldesign.Chinesecut-outsarenormallysymmetricalandareusuallyinanevennumberseriesof2424etc.Theoldestsurvivingpapercut-outisasymmetricalcirclefromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiangChina.Fromthe7thto13thcenturypapercuttingbecamepopularespeciallyduringChinesefestivals.Theartspreadtotherestoftheworldinthe14thcentury.ThroughouttheQingDynastymanypapercuttingskillsweredevelopedincludingdraftingandtheuseofsmokedpapers.BytheendoftheQingrulinghoweverpapercuttingwasonceonthedeclinebecausenewartformswerebeingintroduced.TheRepublicofChinalatertriedtorevivetheartinthe1980s.Todaypapercut-outsarechieflydecorative.Theydecoratewallswindowsdoorscolumnsmirrorslampsandlanternsinhomesandarealsousedonpresentsoraregivenasgiftsthemselves.Entrancesdecoratedwithpapercut-outsaresupposedtobringgoodluck.Papercut-outsusedtobeusedaspatternsespeciallyforembroidery刺绣.Therearetwomethodsofmanufacture:oneusesscissorstheotherusesknives.Inthescissormethodseveralpiecesofpaper—uptoeight—arefastenedtogether.Theimageisthencutwithsharppointedscissors.Knifecuttingsarefashionedbyputtingseveralpaperonarelativelysoftfoundationconsistingofamixtureofoilandashes.Skilledcrafterscanevencutoutdifferentdrawingsfreelywithoutstopping.
1.WhencantheexistingoldestpapercuttingdatebacktoA.about1500yearsago.B.about1600yearsago.C.about1400yearsago.D.about600yearsago.
2.TheunderlinedwordreviveinParagraph3canbereplacedby_______.A.surviveB.restoreC.copyD.fix
3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestsummarizethelastparagraphA.History.B.Origin.C.Uses.D.Process.
4.WhatmaybethebesttitleofthetextA.Paper—theEasternCharmB.TheHistoryofPaperCuttingC.ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCuttingD.PaperCutting—UnbelievableSkilledCrafters【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文中国的剪纸艺术源远流长,距今已有1500多年的历史如今的剪纸主要用于装饰剪纸过程简单但具有一定的文化特色
1.A【解析】细节理解题根据文章第三段的首句中的关键信息Theoldestsurvivingpapercut-out...fromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiangChina可知,该艺术始于六世纪早期,即500年左右,故用2017年减去500年,即可推知距今约1500年
3.D【解析】段落大意题最后一段介绍了剪纸的两种方法,具体使用什么工具和怎样操作由此可推知本段讲的是剪纸的过程,故用process概括此段较为合适
4.C【解析】标题归纳题全篇从中国剪纸艺术的历史、用途以及过程等全方位阐述了PaperCutting,故用ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCutting作为文章标题最合适
二、七选五Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.1Ingeneraltheycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.2Betweentheagesofabout12and50womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility生育能力.Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.Infactwomenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.3Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygersicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Themoncoldisagoodexample:womenonaveragegetfewercoldsthanmen.4Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowinfluenceagingbuttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellshaveatendency倾向toagemoreslowlythanaman’s.Othersthinkthataman’sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.5A.However women on average live longer.B.The biological factor plays an important part.C. Women are also helped by their female genes.D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F. Therefore women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.【语篇解读】本文介绍了女性比男性寿命长的原因
1.A根据空格下一句"一般说,女性比男性多活6到7年"可知此处的意思是然而,女性平均比男性寿命更长故选A
2.G根据空格上句"男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性活得更久"可知此空的意思是荷尔蒙是身体分泌的控制身体各种功能的化学物质故选G
3.D根据下句"它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染"可知此空的意思是女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体故选D
5.E根据空格前两句"一些人认为女性的身体细胞有比男性老化慢的倾向,另一些人认为男性的身体细胞有老化较快的倾向"可知E项"最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能"符合题意故选E
三、短文改错2018·山东六校联考ThedaybeforeMothersDayeverybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswerewhatmoststudentswoulddo.HoweverIwantedtodosomethingdifferently.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldntgobackhomeonMothersDaysoIdecidedtocallherandsenthermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestionswhatwereveryusefulandIreaditcarefully.WhenIcalledmymotherhoweverIhadthefeelthatsomeoneelseswordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhertoallshehaddoneforme.答案ThedaybeforeMothersDayeverybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswhatmoststudentswoulddo.HoweverIwantedtodosomething.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldntgobackhomeonMothersDayIdecidedtocallherandhermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestionswereveryusefulandIreadcarefully.WhenIcalledmymotherhoweverIhadthethatsomeoneelseswordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedherallshehaddoneforme.
四、语法填空MusicfestivalsarepopularacrossAfrica.ButthisseemssomethingfewwouldhaveimaginedpossibleinGoma.Foryearsthecity1linktowars.Theyoungpeopleweretiredofyearsof2violentandayouthgroupsetouttoorganizeamusicfestival3peaceintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.Theydecidedtoholdtheeventinthe4eastcityofGoma.Theirfirstattemptin2013wascancelled5Gomacameunderattack.Butlastyear25000peoplecametothecitytoheartheirfavoriteartistsplay.AndthisyearsomeofAfrica’stopmusiciansdecidedtoattend.Thecrowdcheered6HabibKoitearrivedforhisperformance.Thesmokemachinesfiredup.Somepeoplestoodonebehindanother7formaline.Thousandsofotherpeopleatedrankanddancedinthedust.VianneyBisimwawasoneofthe8organizerofthefestival.HesaysheandotheryoungpeoplewantedtochangetheimageofGoma.Althoughthecountryisknownforwarsitisalsofamousfor9itmusic.Manylocalartistssingopenlyabouttheconflict.VianneyBisimwasaysthisgivespeople10chancetoexpresstheirfeelings.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了刚果民主共和国一个长期战乱的城市戈马,年轻人为了和平几经努力终于办成音乐节的事
1.hasbeenlinked【解析】考查动词句意这个城市已经和战争联系在一起数年了
2.violence【解析】考查名词介词of后面应用名词形式
3.for【解析】考查介词for表示"为……"句意一个年轻人团体为了和平在刚果民主共和国组织了一次音乐节
4.eastern【解析】考查形容词修饰名词city应用形容词作定语
5.because【解析】考查连词第一次音乐节被取消是因为Goma遭受袭击
6.when【解析】考查连词句意当哈比博来表演时,人群沸腾了when表示"当……时",引导时间状语从句
7.forming
8.organizers【解析】考查名词的数句意VianneyBisimwa是音乐节的其中一个组织者表示人用organizer,Oneof后加名词复数形式,故填organizers
9.its【解析】考查代词修饰名词用形容词性物主代词
10.a【解析】考查冠词句意这给了人们一次表达感情的机会chance是可数名词,这里表示一次机会,故前面要加a。