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Unit3Celebration
一、阅读理解AWinstonChurchillisprobablythemostpopularBritishprimeministerever.HavingservedasasoldierandpoliticianheisoftenconsideredamongthegreatestofBritons.WhilehisheroicstandagainsttheNazisiswellknowtherearestillafewfactsaboutthepopularpoliticianthatmightsurpriseyou.HisCigarsTheclassicimageofWinstonChurchillincludesagiantcigarstuckbetweenhislips.ChurchilldevelopedhisloveofcigarsasayoungmanwhenhetraveledtoCuba.Fortherestofhislifehesmokedeightorninecigarseveryday.Howeverhealmostnevertookapuff吸,抽preferringtochewontheenduntilitwentoutthenrelightitandstartagain.Topreventthecigarbeingsoggy湿软的Churchillinventedthe"bellybando"astripofbrownpaperwhichcouldbegluedaroundtheend.AtanygiventimeChurchillhad3000to4000cigarsinhishousemostlyhisfavoriteRomeoJulietbrand.OnoneoccasionthepresidentofCubapresentedChurchillwith2400top-qualitycigarsalthoughhissecurityteaminsistedonecigarfromeachboxbesentoffandtestedforpoison.PerhapsthestorythatbestshowshisloveofcigarsoccurredduringWorldWarIIwhenhehadaspecialoxygenmaskdesignedsothathecouldstillsmokehiscigaronahigh-altitudeflight.HisBlackDogThroughouthislifeChurchillprobablysufferedfromdepressionwhichhecalledhis"blackdog".Attimeshisdepressionwassoseverethathedidn’tlikestandingclosetoapassingtrainorlookingattheoceanfromashipbecausehefearedthathewouldmitsuicide.WhenhewasdepressedChurchillwouldalmostspendagreatdealoftimeinbedandlosehisabilitytoconcentrate.HoweverwhennotdepressedChurchillwasfullofenergyusuallyworkingandtalkinguntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning.Heoftendescribedhow"allthecolorsebackintothepicture".
1.WhydidChurchill’ssecurityteaminsistoncheckingthecigarsA.TotestiftheyweresafeforChurchill.B.Toseeiftheywereofthebestquality.C.TomakesuretheywereChurchill’sfavorite.D.Toguaranteetheywerenotoutofdate.
2.WhichofthefollowingbestshowsChurchill’sloveofcigarsA.Hefellinlovewithcigarsatayoungage.B.Hesmokedmanycigarseveryday.C.Heinventedthe"bellybando".D.Hehadanoxygenmaskspeciallydesignedforsmoking.
3.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeanA.Churchillbecameenergeticagain.B.Churchillremaineddepressed.C.Churchilldrewcolorfulpictures.D.Churchilllikedtotalkaboutcolors.
4.WhatisprobablythebesttitleofthepassageA.AchievementsofChurchillB.AnecdotesaboutChurchillC.PersonalitiesofChurchillD.HobbiesofChurchill【文章大意】丘吉尔是英国最受欢迎的首相,文章介绍丘吉尔的一些奇闻轶事
1.A【解析】细节理解题根据文章第三段的句子"althoughhissecurityteaminsistedonecigarfromeachboxbesentoffandtestedforpoison."可知,丘吉尔的安全部队坚持要检查雪茄,为了检测是否它们对丘吉尔是安全的故选A
3.A【解析】推理判断题根据文章最后一段的句子"HoweverwhennotdepressedChurchillwasfullofenergyusuallyworkingandtalkinguntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning."可知,丘吉尔精力充沛的时候,经常工作和交谈直到凌晨下文是他对精力充沛的描写故选A
4.B【解析】标题判断题根据文章内容和第一段的句子"WhilehisheroicstandagainsttheNazisiswellknowtherearestillafewfactsaboutthepopularpoliticianthatmightsurpriseyou."可知,文章主要介绍丘吉尔的奇闻轶事故选BB2017·湖南省十三校联考SydneyTrainsisoneofthemosteconomical,reliableandconvenientwaystotravelthroughoutSydneyanditssurrounds.Ournetwork,theNSWTrainsIntercityNetwork,coverssuburbanSydneyandextendstotheHunter,CentralCoast,BlueMountains,SouthernHighlandsandSouthCoastregions.Thenetworkismadeupofseveralcolourcodedlines.Trainsfromdifferentlinescansharethesameplatform,socheckdisplayscreenandlistentoannouncements.Ticketpricesaregenerallybasedonthedistancetravelled.Youcanvisittransportnsw.infofordetails.GettingtotheCityInSydney,ifyou’renearatrainstation,you’reonyourwaytotheCity.EveryraillineleadsdirectlyorindirectlytotheCityCircle.It’stheraillooparoundthecentralbusinessdistrictofSydney.MostCitystationsareundergroundsolookoutforthesignsonstreetlevel.AutomaticticketgatesLargestationshaveautomaticgatesforentryto,andexitfrom,thestation.IfyouhaveanOpalCardoraticketwhichhasamagneticstripeyoumustusetheautomaticgates.Youmayusethewidegateforwheelchair,pramorluggageaccess.Stationstaffwillassistyou.NightRidebusesMosttrainsdonotoperatebetweenmidnightand400a.m.ForyourconvenienceaspecialNightRidebusserviceisavailablebetweenthesehoursonmostSydneysuburbanlines.TrackworkInorderforthetrackstobemaintained,wesometimeshavetoreplacetrainswithbuses,particularlyatweekends.Pleasecheckthetrackworksectionforthelatestservicealterationsonyourline.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了悉尼的火车,指出其是最经济、可靠、便捷的旅游工具1.Togetmoreinformationaboutticketprices,travellershadbetter__________.A.visitawebsiteB.gototheCityCircleC.checkdisplayscreenD.listentoannouncementsA 解析细节理解题根据第四段Ticketpricesaregenerallybasedonthedistancetravelled.Youcanvisittransportnsw.infofordetails.可知,要了解有关票价的更多信息,游客最好访问网站故答案选A2.WhatserviceisofferedtotravellersinneedatmostbigstationsA.AfreeOpalCard.B.Earlierentrytothestation.C.Aticketwithamagneticstripe.D.Helpfromstationworkers.D 解析细节理解题根据第六段最后一句Stationstaffwillassistyou.可知,困难时,游客在大车站会得到车站工作人员的帮助故答案选D3.WhichisthemostconvenienttimetotravelbySydneyTrainsA.Atmidnight.B.At600p.m.onWednesday.C.Betweenmidnightand400a.m.D.OnSundayafternoon.B 解析细节理解题根据第七段第一句“Mosttrainsdonotoperatebetweenmidnightand400a.m.”可知,大多数火车在午夜和凌晨4点之间不运行,故排除A、C两项;根据最后一段第一句“Inorderforthetrackstobemaintained,wesometimeshavetoreplacetrainswithbuses,particularlyatweekends.”可知,为了维护轨道,相关部门有时会在周末用公共汽车代替火车,故排除D项故答案选BCApril23marksthe400thanniversaryofWilliamShakespeare’sdeath.OrganizationsinBritainhaveplannednumerouseventstohonorhim.InStratford-upon-AvonhisbirthplacethetourismorganizationhasagreatnumberoffreeeventsincludingperformancesofShakespeare’splaysandadazzlingfireworksdisplay.AndtheBBCisbroadcastingaliveshowfromStratfore-upon-AvoncelebratingShakespeare’swidespreadinfluenceontheworld.InEngland’scapitaltheLondonShakespeareCentreandKing’sCollegeLondonareholdingaseriesofpublicperformancesexhibitionsandactivities.Itisn’tjustEnglandthathonorstheanniversaryofthedeathofthisextraordinarywriter.InWashingtonD.C.theFolgerShakespeareLibrarywhichhousestheworld’slargestcollectionofdocumentsrelatingtoWilliamShakespeareisdisplayingaseriesofexhibitions.Shakespeareisprobablythemostfamousauthorwhoeverlivedandisconsideredageniusbymost.Hewrotearound37playsand154sonnets十四行诗andhisworkhasbeentranslatedintooveronehundredlanguages!Hepennedbeautifulmetaphors暗喻seriousdramasandamusingtales.Shakespearealsoinventedmanynewtermsandphrases.Ifsomeone’sbehaviorsuggestedtheywerenotbeinghonestandshouldnotbetrustedShakespearecalledtheiractionssuspicious.IfsomeonewasbeingsillyandperhapslookinglikeafoolShakespearefoundtheiractionslaughable.AndShakespearecalledpeoplewhoofferedtheiropinionsonthequalityofsomethingcritics.Todayforinstancefoodcriticsandfilmcriticsgiveaudiencestheiropinionsoffoodandfilm.Thefamiliarphrase"breaktheice"esfromShakespeare’splayTheTamingoftheShrew.The"iceisbroken"whenadifficultconversationormeetingiscalmedbysomebasicintroductionsuchasasimplegame.MoremonwordscoinedbyShakespeareincluderoadgossiplonelybumpandhurry.FourhundredyearsafterhisdeathShakespearesurelylivesonineverydayspeechasthemostfamouswriterofalltime!
1.Themainideaofthetextis_______.A.the400thanniversaryofShakespeare’sdeathB.theinfluenceShakespearehasonEnglishC.theachievementsofWilliamShakespeareD.Shakespeare’scolorfulandfruitfullife
2.Shakespeareishonoredinthefollowingwaysexcept_________.A.agreatnumberoffreeeventsinStratford-upon-AvonB.aseriesofactivitiesintheLondonShakespeareCentreC.aseriesofexhibitionsintheFolgerShakespeareLibraryD.aliveshowofShakespearefromStratford-upon-Avon
3.Accordingtothenextasimplygametomakeadifficultconversationeasyiscalled_______.A.anice-breakerB.asuspiciousmanC.acriticD.alaughableman【文章大意】4月23日是威廉·莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日英国的各种组织计划活动来纪念他
1.A【解析】主旨大意题根据文章第一段的句子"April23marksthe400thanniversaryofWilliamShakespeare’sdeath."可知,文章主要介绍4月23日是威廉·莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日故选A
3.A【解析】细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段的句子"The‘iceisbroken’whenadifficultconversationormeetingiscalmedbysomebasicintroductionsuchasasimplegame."可知,使得困难的对话变得容易的叫作anice-breaker故选AD2017·新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测ItwasAugustintheUS,andtheschoolyearhadjuststarted,whenoneparentreceivedanunexpectedphonecall.StacieDunnhadbeencalledtoWoodfordCountyHighSchoolbecauseherteenagedaughterhadbeencaughtgoingagainstthedressrules.ButtheoffenseleftDunnshocked.Shearrivedtofindherdaughterinasetofprettyordinaryclothes acardigan,atanktopandjeans.Thetrouble,administratorsindicated,laywithherdaughter’sexposedcollarbone锁骨.BareshouldersandnakedcollarbonesareillegalunderWoodfordCountyHighSchool’sdressrules.Studentswhobreaktheserulescanreceivedetentionthepunishmentofbeingkeptatschoolforatimeafterschool—oraftermultipleviolations违纪,bepreventedfromgoingtoschoolentirely.Dunnwasveryshockedandangry.“Parentsarebeingcalledawayfromtheirimportantjobs,andstudentsaremissingimportantclasstimebecausetheyareshowingtheircollarbones,”shewroteonthesocialmediasiteFacebook,attachingapictureofherdaughterintheoffendingclothes.“Somethingneedstochange!”Dressrulesvarybyschooldistrictsandareoftendecidedbyteachersandschooladministrators.Yogapantsandskinnyjeansarebanned.Certaindressrulesalsorequirekneelengthpantsandskirts.Someschooladministratorsarguetheyaresimplysupportinghavingaprofessionalstandardofdresstopreparetheirstudentsfortheirfuturecareers.Butothershavetoldstudentsthattheirclothespresenta“distraction”toothers.Certainschoolshavechosentoreevaluatetheirdressrules,withinputfromparentsandstudents.EvenWoodfordCountyHighSchool—homeofthe“collarbone”ban—isreconsideringitspoliciesthismonth.But,at_least_for_now,the_dress_rule_debate_is_far_from_over.【解题导语】 本文讲述了美国学生的着装问题着装守则对学生来说并不陌生,可是连锁骨都不能露,你敢信吗?在美国,这种着装守则引起了不少争议1.WhywasStacieDunncalledtoWoodfordCountyHighSchoolA.Herdaughterwenttoschoolwithbareshoulders.B.Herdaughterbrokehercollarbone.C.Herdaughterbrokethedressrulesoftheschool.D.Herdaughterreceiveddetention.C 解析细节理解题根据第二段中的“StacieDunnhadbeencalledtoWoodfordCountyHighSchoolbecauseherteenagedaughterhadbeencaughtgoingagainstthedressrules.”可知,因为女儿违反了学校的着装守则,StacieDunn被叫去了伍德福德县中学故选C2.Underthedressrules,whichofthefollowingclothesareacceptableA.Skinnyjeans.B.Longskirts.C.Yogapants.D.Shortpants.B 解析推理判断题根据第五段中的“Yogapantsandskinnyjeansarebanned.Certaindressrulesalsorequirekneelengthpantsandskirts.”可知,瑜伽裤和紧身牛仔裤是被禁止的还有些着装守则规定裤子和裙子必须及膝故可推知长裙是被允许的故选B3.HowdidStacieDunnrespondtobeingcalledtoschoolA.Shewasn’tinfavorofwhattheschooldid.B.SheturnedtoFacebookforhelp.C.Sheboughtastandarddressforherdaughter.D.Sheaccusedtheschoolofwastinghertime.A 解析细节理解题根据第四段的讲述Dunn很震惊和生气就因为学生露出了锁骨,他们的家长不得不放下手头重要的工作,而学生们也错过了重要的课程她认为有些东西需要改改了!由此可知Dunn对学校的做法非常生气和不满故选A4.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphindicatesthat________.A.thedebatebetweenparentsandstudentswillneverbeoverB.fewschoolswilltakemeasurestochangetheirpolicyC.theproblemof“clothesdistractions”willlastD.theargumentonwhattowearandhowtodresswillcontinueD 解析推理判断题根据最后一段的内容可知,某些学校已决定听取家长和学生的意见,重新评估着装守则根据连词“But”可知,画线句意不过起码现在,有关着装守则的争议还远未结束故选D
二、七选五Whenhightemperaturesarearoundthecountry,somethingsalsogoup.Herearefourthingsexpectedtorisealongwithourdesiretostayindoorsandbeattheheat.1.SalesofgoodsthatkeepyoucoolMallsarehighonthelistofplaceswherepeopleoftengoforfreeairconditioningoutsidehomeinsummer.__1__Goodsrelatedtokeepingcool,likeairconditioners,fansorsuncareitems,areverypopular.2.__2__Pestslikestinkbugs椿象growfastduringsummerheatwaves,andmanyagricultureexpertsareexpectingarepeatoflastyearsoutbreakthatharmedfruitandcrops,particularlyontheEastCoast.3.Energybills__3__Withallthoseairconditionersandfansworking,itmakessensethatenergybillswillbehigherthanaverage.__4__“NotonlyarepeoplegoingtohaveextremelyhighenergybillsforJuly,itwillalsoputincreasedstressonpowerplants,andweregoingtoseemoreairpollutionbecauseofit,”saysAngelaFritz.4.ViolenceHeatwavesmaycauseviolence,right“Notnecessarily,”saysRichardLarrick,aresearcher.Hetookauniquelookattherelationshipbetweenviolenceandheatthroughbaseball.Larrickandhisresearchteamexamined57294MajorLeagueBaseballgamestakingplacebetween1962and2017andfoundthatwhileheatmayincreaseviolence,therealwayshastobeamotive.“__5__Instead,heataffectsaspecificformofviolence,”hesaid.A.AirpollutionB.PestpopulationC.Risingheatistheexpectedresponseinanysummer.D.Heatdoesnotdirectlyleadtomoreviolenceingeneral.E.Moreandmorepeopleareworriedabouttheirexpenses.F.Asmoreenergyisused,airqualityproblemsmayoccur.G.Soitsnotasurprisethatsomesalesjumpduringheatwaves.【解题导语】本文介绍了伴随高温天气会出现的一些事件1.G 空前一句提到购物中心是夏天人们外出经常去的地方之一,空后一句提到与制冷有关的商品,如空调、风扇等都很受欢迎,结合本段小标题可知,G项“因此一些制冷商品的销售量在酷暑期猛增就不足为奇了”与此处匹配2.B 根据空处所在位置可知,空处为本段小标题根据空后的“Pestslikestinkbugs椿象growfastduringsummerheatwaves”可知,本段主要是说害虫的数量在酷暑期也会快速增长,故B项与此处匹配3.E 根据段落小标题Energybills可知,本段和费用有关,空后又提到电风扇和空调的运行会使能源费用高于平均水平,故空处应讲人们对高温天气下使用这些电器的花费的担忧,所以E项符合语境4.F 上文提到能源费用增加,下文提到由此会造成更多的空气污染由此可推知,F项“随着更多的能源被消耗,空气质量问题可能会出现”与此处匹配5.D 根据空后一句可知,高温影响一种特定形式的暴力,且由“Instead”可知,空处与下文呈转折关系,再结合上文的“Notnecessarily”可知,D项“总的来说,高温不会直接导致更多的暴力”与此处匹配。