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Module4SandstormsinAsia单元话题·语篇训练Ⅰ.阅读理解AAsavolunteeryouwilldiscovertheuniqueopportunityofvisitingtherealworldbeyondthetouristwindowandbeeimmersed沉浸intheculturesyouvisit.Formanytravelersthistimespentworkingonmeaningfulprojectsandgettingtoknowthelocalareaanditspeopleisoftenregardedastheirmostmemorableenjoyableandfulfillingexperience.WhocanvolunteerKayavolunteersare18-80yearsoldpeoplewithanadventurousspirit.Whetheryouhavetimefora2weektripora6monthbreaktravelingonyourownwithagrouporwithyourfamilyoryouareastudenttakingabreakfromyourstudyorhaveevenretiredtheywillfindaprojectthatcanuseyourhelp.WhattypesofprojectscanyoudoKayasprojectadvisersworkwithyoutodecidewhichprojectisbestforyouandwhattypeofworkyouliketodo.Youcanworkinthefollowingfields*Environmentalpreservation—FromtheEcuadorianrainforesttothejungleofThailandrepairthedamagedonetosomeofthemostbeautifulanddiverseplacesonearth.*Workwithchildren—Theyhaveover40projectsworkingwithchildrenacrosstheworldinorphanagesschoolsandsheltersfortheabusedanddisabled.*Sports—Throughsportstheirprojectscanprovideopportunitiesforhealtheducationandthedevelopmentoflifeskillssuchasteamworkmunicationdisciplineandselfconfidence.*Education—FormEnglishteachingtoeducationprogramsforspecialneedsandminoritygroupsgivegreateropportunitytothedisadvantagedthrougheducation.Allprojectsincludeairportpickupsanddropoffsacmodationorientationand24hoursupport.Manyoftheirplacementsalsoincludeallmealsandsomelanguageclassessothatyoucangetevenmoreinvolved.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文主要介绍了参加Kaya志愿者项目的条件以及项目的类型等相关信息1.WhatstheauthorspurposeinwritingthispassageA.Toinspirepeopletovolunteer.B.Toshowtheadvantageofvolunteers.C.Tocallonvolunteerstotakepartincertainprojects.D.Toexplaindifferentprojectstovolunteers.解析选C 写作意图题根据第一段第一句及“Formanytravelersthistimespentworkingonmeaningfulprojects”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁志愿者参与某些项目2.WhatcanavolunteerdowhiledoingtheadvertisedvoluntaryworkA.Receivesomeextrapayfortheirwork.B.Travelaroundforfree.C.Helpthelocalpeoplewiththeirwork.D.Visitthelocalplacesofinterest.解析选D 细节理解题根据“Whattypesofprojectscanyoudo?”部分中的“FromtheEcuadorianrainforesttothejungleofThailandrepairthedamagedonetosomeofthemostbeautifulanddiverseplacesonearth”可知,志愿者在做志愿工作的时候能够参观当地的一些名胜古迹3.WhatcanweinferfromthesecondpartofthispassageA.Fewpeoplearewillingtodothevoluntarywork.B.Therearealmostnorestrictionssetonvolunteers.C.Peoplewithoutvoluntaryexperiencesarenotwele.D.Juniorschoolstudentscanparticipateintheproject.解析选B 推理判断题根据“Whocanvolunteer?”部分中的描述可知,参加Kaya志愿者项目除了有年龄的要求外几乎没有任何限制BMostofthesandstormsthathadsweptChinalastyearcamefromforeignlandaChineseofficialinchargeofdesertification荒漠化controlsaidonMonday.Andtheinvasions入侵couldpartlyexplainthefrequentsandstormsinthecountryinrecentyearsdespiteitsachievementsindesertificationcontrol.SincethestartoflastspringthenorthandnorthwesternChineseregionshadbeenhitby17sandstormsofwhichadozencamefromforeignland.SituatedinthecentralAsiasandstormregiononeoftheworldsfourlargestsandstormsourcesChinaalsosuffersfromsandstormsfromoutsidethecountrywhilebeingblamedasasandsourcetonortheastAsia.TheotherthreemajorsourcesareinAfricaNorthAmericaandAustralia.Thelandsufferingfromdesertificationhasbeendecreasingby7585squarekilometresannuallyinChinaandtheareaofsandylandhasalsobeenfallingby1284squarekilometresayear.Theshrinkage收缩formsaclearcontrasttothefactthatthelandsufferingfromdesertificationandsandyfeaturewasaddedby10400squarekilometresand3436squarekilometreslatelastcenturyrespectively.CurrentlythedesertificationlandinChinamakesup
2.64millionsquarekilometresaccountingfor
27.46percentofthenationslandanditssandylandtotals
1.74millionsquarekilometresaccountingfor
18.1percentofthecountrystotal.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文近年来中国遭受严重的风沙袭击,而中国也被认为是风沙的来源地之一,经过努力中国在治沙方面取得显著的效果4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreasing”meaninParagraph4A.Goingdown. B.Goingup.C.ingfrom.D.Takingup.解析选A 词义猜测题根据第四段最后的“hasalsobeenfallingby1284squarekilometresayear”可知,该词的意思是“减少”,与“falling”的意思接近,故选A项5.WheredomostofthesandstormsinChinaefromA.ThenorthwesternChineseregions.B.ThenorthernChineseregions.C.ThewesternpartofChina.D.Foreigncountries.解析选D 细节理解题根据第一段提到“MostofthesandstormsthathadsweptChinalastyearefromforeignland”去年袭击中国的沙尘暴来自外国,故选D项6.WhichofthefollowingisbelievedtobethesandsourcetonortheastAsiaA.Mongolia.B.Africa.C.China.D.Australia.解析选C 细节理解题根据第三段“Chinaalsosuffersfromsandstorms...sandsourcetonortheastAsia.”可知中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地,故选C项7.WhatcanweinferfromthispassageA.ThelandinChinasufferingfromdesertificationhasbeenincreasinggreatly.B.Chinahasmadeachievementsinitsowndesertificationcontrol.C.ThedesertificationlandmakesupnearlyhalfofChinasterritory.D.LittleprogresshasbeenmadeincontrollingdesertificationinChina.解析选B 推理判断题根据第四段内容可知,遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7585平方千米,沙地的区域每年减少了1284平方千米,故可知控制沙漠化取得了成效,故选B项C2019·南昌市重点中学高三段考FollowingMoYansNobelPrizetheusuallysilentChineseliterarycirclegotwarmedupagain.AShanghaiwriternamedJinYuchengsurprisednearlyeveryonebymakinghisnewnovelfulloftheShanghaidialect方言.Publishedin2012the350000wordBlossomsisanovelaboutthechangesinShanghaiover30yearsdrawingclearimagesofthecitythroughthestoriesofmanymonpeople.Thereisnomainstorylikemostnovelsbuteverystoryinitcouldrunindependently.WhilePutonghuaisthestandardchoiceforChineseliteraturetodayJinsuseoftheShanghaidialectappearsbothdifferentandbold.“Ihaveseentoomanynovelsthatlooksimilartoeachother.Chineseliteratureisgettingmonotonousbothinlanguageandform.Iwanttobespecialwithmyownlanguage”JintoldtheGlobalTimes.InthenovelJinmakesabreakthroughbymainlyusingdialoguestounfoldvariousplotsandrepresenttypicalcharactersonadailybasis.Healsoabandonstheuseofsomepunctuationlikequotationmarks引号showingareturntothetraditionalChinesehuaben话本genre.SinceitspublicationthebookhasbeenwidelyremendedonSinaWeibowithmanynetizensratingthenovelhighforitsuniqueuseofthedialectandvividdescriptionoflifeusingplainspeech.JinsaidthathegottheideaofwritingthenovelwhilechattinginanonlineforumwherepeopleusetheShanghaidialect.Thepraisehereceivedfromthenetizensencouragedhimtocontinuewritingtherandomstories.“Idliketoseemorewriterstofollowmylead.Itwillenrichourliteratureandmakeitdiverse,”hesaid.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,讲述了上海作家金宇澄的小说《繁花》8.WhatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphsA.TheChineseliterarycircleisalwayssilent.B.MoYanwassurprisedatJinYuchengsnewnovel.C.ThenovelrepresentsamodernlifestyleinShanghai.D.Thestoriesinthenovelarentlinkedtoeachother.解析选D 细节理解题根据第二段第二句“Thereisnomainstorylikemostnovelsbuteverystoryinitcouldrunindependently.”可知,《繁花》没有像大多数小说那样有一个主要故事,但它的每一个故事都可以独立成篇据此可知,这部小说中的故事并没有互相联系,故D项正确9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“monotonous”inParagraph3meanA.Lackinginvariety.B.Shortofexpectations.C.Wantingfurtherimprovement.D.Requiringmoreconsideration.解析选A 词义猜测题根据第三段第一句可知,金宇澄认为中国的很多小说看上去彼此相似;再结合该段第三句中的“Iwanttobespecialwithmyownlanguage”可知,他想要用自己的语言让自己的小说有特色据此可推知画线词与A项含义相近10.HowdoesJinYuchengmakeabreakthroughinhisnewnovelA.Byinventinglotsoftypicalcharacters.B.Bycreatingavividbackground.C.Byemployingdialoguestodevelopplotsandcharacters.D.ByplayingwithbeautifulwordsinShanghaidialect.解析选C 细节理解题根据第四段第一句“InthenovelJinmakesabreakthroughbymainlyusingdialoguestounfoldvariousplotsandrepresenttypicalcharactersonadailybasis.”可知,金宇澄在小说中主要是使用对话来展开各种情节并描写日常生活中的典型人物来取得突破的,故C项正确11.WhatencouragedJinYuchengtocontinuewritingindialectA.Thenetizensposts.B.Thenetizenspraise.C.Thecitizensments.D.Otherwritersencouragement.解析选B 细节理解题根据倒数第二段第二句“Thepraisehereceivedfromthenetizensencouragedhimtocontinuewritingtherandomstories.”可知,网民们的赞扬鼓励他继续用方言写作,故B项正确DPollutionsseriouseffectsontheenvironmenthavebeemoreobviousinrecentyears.Mostscientistsagreethateffortsarenecessarytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm.Asweknowtheconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution.Sogreenbuildingsareingreatneed.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofgreenbuildingsincludetheprotectionofecosystemsandbiodiversity生物多样性improvedairandwaterqualitylesswasteflowingintostreamsandtheprotectionofnaturalresources.Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairqualityimprovingthehealthofpeoplewholivethere.Theprocessofbuildinggreenhousesincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind.Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw.Inadditionrecycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildingsreducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialslongdistances.Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize使减少到最低限度humaneffectsonthesurroundingenvironment.Forexampleplacingastructureinanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes微风andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses.Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingsaswellsoitisimportanttobuildthesmallones.Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts.Theseroofsarepartiallyorpletelycoveredwithplantswhichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcostslowpreventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants.Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenincludeenergyandwaterprotectionrecyclingandwastereduction.Inadditionrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpowerwaterpowerandwindpowerareusedforheatandelectricitywhichgreatlyreducescostsanddecreasestheinfluenceontheenvironment.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色12.WhatcanweknowaboutgreenbuildingsA.Producingnowaste.B.Onlyusingcleanenergy.C.Beingmadeofnewmaterials.D.Beingenvironmentfriendly.解析选D 推理判断题根据对全文的整体理解特别是第三段的内容可推知,绿色建筑整体上是环保的,故选D13.WhatisagreenbuildingprobablylikeaccordingtothefifthparagraphA.Large. B.Small.C.Green.D.Low.解析选B 细节理解题根据第五段最后一句“Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingsaswellsoitisimportanttobuildthesmallones.”可推知,绿色建筑应该倾向于小型建筑,而非高楼大厦,故选B14.WhatisthepurposeofusinggreenroofsA.Tofittheenvironment.B.Tokeepwarm.C.Tocollectnaturewater.D.Toreducecosts.解析选D 细节理解题根据倒数第二段中的“Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts.”可知,绿色屋顶可以降低能源使用和成本,故选D15.WhatisthetextmainlyaboutA.Promotingenergyefficiency.B.Environmentalbenefits.C.Greenbuildings.D.Ecosystemsandbiodiversity.解析选C 主旨大意题根据文章的关键词“greenbuildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知,本文主要讲的是绿色建筑,故选CⅡ.阅读七选五Everyoneknowshowimportanttreesaretothewellbeingoftheearth.__1__Byprovidingshadeforpeopletoenjoytimeoutsidetreescanshadeourhomestokeepthemcoolerinthesummertime.Theycanhideunsightly不美观的viewsreducenoisefromnearbyroadsandserveaswindbreaks.Manytypesalsoproduceflowersandfruit.Thesetallplantssimplymakeourhomesandneighborhoodsmoreattractive.ChoosingTrees__2__Plantingatreeisalongtermproject.Largeshadevarietiesespeciallytakealongtimetogrow.Andonceplantedtheyaredifficulttomove.Treescanalsobeasignificantfinancialinvestmentsoitsimportanttochoosewisely.__3__Youmaynothaveroomtogrowallthetypesyouwanttotry.Sotakethetimetochooseaplantyoulikethatalsowillgrowwellintheconditionsyoucanprovide.Treesvarywidelyintheirneedforspacelightandsoilconditions.CareOnceyouvemadeachoiceyoullneedtoprepareyoursiteforplanting.Youmayneedtocleartheareaofothervegetationandimprovethesoilwithorganicmattersuchasfertilizerandnutrients.Ifyouplantatreeyourselfcarefullyfollowtheinstructionsgivenbythenurseryorread“HowtoPlantaTree”.__4__Providingpropercareafteritsplantedisalsoimportant.__5__Feedregularlywaterdeeplyandprune修剪themcarefullysotheybeestrongandhealthy.Matureplantsusuallydontneedtobewateredorfertilized.A.Theyalsoprovidehomesforwildlife.B.Yoursuccessdependsonproperplanting.C.Manyyardshavespaceforonlyafewlargeplants.D.Youngplantsshouldbebabiedforthefirstfewyears.E.Theydeveloplargerootsystemsandcangrowbythemselves.F.Whenyouareplantingtreesitswisetoplanyourselectionscarefully.G.Butdoyouknowtherearealsomanyadvantagesofgrowingtheminyourownyard语篇解读本文是一篇说明文主要介绍了种树的一些注意事项1.选G 空前讲述的是树对地球的重要性,空后讲述的是树给人们及其住所提供的诸多好处,前后意思上存在转折关系;且下文主要讲述的是如何自己种树,故选项G符合语境2.选F 该部分的主题为ChoosingTrees,主要讲述的是要谨慎地选择所种的树,故F项符合语境下文中的“soitsimportanttochoosewisely”亦是提示3.选C 根据空后内容可知,你可能没有足够的空间来种所有你想种的树,所以要选择能在你所能提供的条件中良好生长的树空后内容围绕“空间”展开,故C项符合语境4.选B 根据空前一句“Ifyouplantatreeyourselfcarefullyfollowtheinstructionsgivenbythenurseryorread‘HowtoPlantaTree’.”可知,自己种树时遵循指南很重要,空处承接上文,故选项B符合语境5.选D 空前一句讲的是种完树后恰当的照料也很重要,空后一句叙述了具体的照料方法,空处连接上下文;末句中的“Matureplants”与此处形成对比,由此可推断空处讲的是对未成熟的植株的照料需要花一段时间,故选项D符合语境。