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Unit1Greatscientists一课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1.characteristicn. 特征;特性2.radiumn.镭3.analysevt.分析4.physiciann.医生;内科医师5.outbreakn.爆发;发作尤指疾病或战争6.victimn.受害者7.enquiryn.询问8.neighbourhoodn.附近;邻近9.pumpn.泵;抽水机vt.用泵抽水10.fireworkn.烟火燃放11.chartn.图表12.movementn.[纵联1]移动;运动;动作Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1.defeatvt.打败;战胜;使受挫n.失败2.expertadj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的n.专家;行家3.attendvt.[纵联2]照顾;护理;出席;参加4.exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光5.curen.治愈;痊愈;治疗方法vt.治愈;治疗6.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心7.suspectvt.认为;怀疑n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯8.foreseevt.预见;预知9.blamevt.责备;谴责n.过失;责备10.handlen.vt.[纵联3]11.linkvt.n.连接;联系12.positiveadj.[纵联4]积极的;肯定的;确实的13.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的14.severeadj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.具有挑战性的2.cautiousadj.小心的;谨慎的→cautionn.小心;警告3.pollutevt.污染;弄脏→pollutionn.污染4.instructvt.命令;指示;教导→instructionn.用法说明;指示;指导5.concludevt.vi.结束;推断出→conclusionn.结论;结束6.contributevt.vi.捐献;贡献;捐助→contributionn.贡献7.rejectvt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃→rejectionn.拒绝;抛弃8.scientificadj.科学的→sciencen.科学→scientistn.科学家9.announcevt.宣布;通告→announcementn.通知;宣告→announcern.播音员;宣告者10.constructvt.建设;修建→constructionn.建设;建筑物11.paintern.画家;油漆匠→paintv.绘画;涂→paintingn.油画;水彩画12.universen.宇宙;世界→universaladj.普遍的;宇宙的→universallyadv.普遍地纵联
1.后缀ment构成的抽象名词集锦
①movement移动;运动
②development发展
③disappointment失望
④excitement兴奋
⑤improvement改善
⑥treatment对待
⑦judgment判断纵联
2.“照看/照顾某人”的多种表达
①attendto/on/uponsb.
②careforsb.
③takecareofsb.
④lookaftersb.
⑤watchoversb.
⑥seeaftersb.纵联
3.名词兼作动词的高频词汇聚焦
①handlen.把手→vt.处理
②nursen.护士→vt.护理
③facen.脸→vt.面对
④defeatn.失败→vt.打败;战胜
⑤drinkn.饮料→vt.喝;饮纵联
4.发表你的“观点;态度”
①positive积极的
②negative消极的
③subjective主观的
④objective客观的
⑤doubtful怀疑的
⑥critical批评的单元话题——伟大的科学家子话题1 各类科学家
①physicistn.物理学家
②astronomern.天文学家
③chemistn.化学家;药剂师
④technologistn.技术专家
⑤mathematiciann.数学家
⑥biologistn.生物学家
⑦inventorn.发明家
⑧geographern.地理学家
⑨zoologistn.动物学家⑩botanistn.植物学家子话题2 工作职责与资格
①certificaten. 证明;证明书
②qualificationn.资格;学历
③qualifyvt.vi.使具有资格;使具备合格条件
④inventvt.发明;创造
⑤qualifiedadj.有资格的
⑥responsibilityn.责任;负责
⑦undertakevt.承担;从事;负责
⑧chargevt.负责;主管[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷一 阅读中的词汇应用1.2011·安徽高考阅读BDuringthe1970speoplestartedbeingconcernedaboutthepollution❶thatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Thenwindwasrediscoveredthoughitmeanshighercosts.Todaythereisaglobal__❷__movetosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.
①写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词pollute;“环境污染”表达为environmentalpollution
②用move的适当形式填空movement2.2016·北京高考阅读CLeadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith❶.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontainingleadtheyabsorb❷largequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirdsandcanleadtokidney肾failureanddeath.
①写出加黑词在本单元的近义词handle,意为“处理”
②选择absorb在句中的含义__A__A.吸收 B.理解 C.吸引高考采撷二 写作中的词汇应用根据汉语及提示词翻译/补全句子1.2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达提前了解唐朝的历史有助于你理解将要学习的唐诗contributeKnowing_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance_will_contribute_to_your_understanding_the_Tang_poems_to_be_learned.2.2016·天津高考书面表达总之,我们在这项活动中受益匪浅conclusionIn_conclusion_we_have_benefited_a_lot_from_the_activity.3.2018·北京高考书面表达被我的一举一动所吸引,外国学生对这种独特的文化感到惊奇,他们情不自禁地不时拍照absorbAbsorbed_by_my_every_move_theforeignstudentswereamazedbythisuniquecultureandtheycouldn’thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.二课堂重点释疑1.concludevt.vi.推断出;结束;达成;缔结[记牢]1conclude concludesth.以……结束……toconclude最后2conclusionn.结论;结束eto/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论inconclusion总而言之[练通] 单句语法填空
①Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying,“Wherethereisawillthereisaway.”
②I’veetotheconclusionconcludethathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.
③Inconclusionwalkingisacheapsafeenjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.[写美] 一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论患难见真情
④Idrew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that_afriendinneedisafriendindeed.conclusion
⑤Iconcluded_from_my_own_experiences_that_afriendinneedisafriendindeed.conclude[联想] 表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有inshortinbriefinawordallinalltosumupbrieflyspeakingonthewhole等2.attendvt.出席;参加;照顾;护理vi.专心;留意[记牢]1attendameeting/alecture/awedding/class 参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/上课2attendon/uponsb.伺候某人;照顾某人attendto处理;倾听;专心于;照顾[练通] 单句语法填空
①AsadaughterIfeelitmydutytoattendon/uponmysickmother.
②AsfarasIknowthepatientsarewellattendedattendinthehospital.
③Ican’tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthingtoattendto.[写美] 补全句子
④于是我下定决心参加那些会议并学习我能学习的一切Ithenmadeitapointtoattend_those_meetings_and_learn_all_I_could.3.exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光;使面临[记牢]1expose...to... 暴露……给……;使……接触……exposeoneselfto...使自己面临……;使自己暴露于……2beexposedto遭受到;使接触到[练通] 单句语法填空
①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposethechildrentoplayingplayputergames.
②Being_exposedexposetostrongsunlightwilldoharmtoyourskin.
③2015·四川高考Andthemorebirds_are_exposedexposetolightthemoreactivetheyareatnight.[用准] 及物动词expose后若无宾语,则常常使用它的被动形式;在expose...to...以及beexposedto结构中,to为介词,其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语[写美] 句式升级
④Whenchildrenareexposedtodifficultsituationstheyarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.→Exposed_to_difficult_situations_childrenarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.分词作状语4.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战[记牢]1facethechallenge 面对挑战accept/takeupachallenge接受挑战2challengesb.tosth.向某人挑战某事challengesb.todosth.向某人挑战做某事3challengingadj.具有挑战性的challengedadj.受到挑战的[练通]单句语法填空
①Iwanttochallengehimtoagameofbasketball.
②Teachingyoungchildrenisachallengingchallengeandrewardingjob.
③2018·全国卷ⅢIquicklylowermyselfduckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallengedchallenge.[用准] challenge本身已含有“向……;对……”的意义,因而不要再加多余的to向某人挑战[写美] 翻译句子
④在即将到来的三年里,我们的学校生活将具有挑战性In_the_ing_three_years_our_school_life_will_be_challenging._5.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心;吞并;理解;掌握[辨清] 写出下列句中absorb的含义
①Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedintobigbusinessesduetotheinfluenceoftheglobalfinancialcrisis.吞并
②Afterabsorbingenoughwatertheplantsgrowwell.吸收
③Ikeepthelessonsimplebecausethestudentscan’tabsorbthatmuch.理解[记牢]1absorbone’sattention 吸引某人的注意力absorb...into...把……吸收进……absorboneselfin...专心于;全神贯注于absorb...from...从……中吸收……2absorbedadj.全神贯注的beabsorbedin...全神贯注于……[练通] 单句语法填空
④2016·北京高考HoweverwhensomethingdidinterestmeIcouldbeeabsorbedabsorb.
⑤Asweallknowplantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheair.[写美] 一句多译汤姆如此专心于工作以至于他忘了告知我会议的时间
⑥Tomwas_so_absorbed_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.absorbed
⑦So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.so...that...引导的倒装句
⑧Absorbed_in_his_work_Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.形容词短语作状语6.blamevt.责备;谴责;把……归咎于n.过失;责备[记牢]1blamesb.forsth./doingsth. 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblamefor应为……承担责任/受责备2put/laytheblameforsth.onsb. 将某事归咎于某人taketheblamefor应为……承担责任/受责备[练通] 单句语法填空
①Sheblamedherhusbandforthefailureoftheirmarriage.
②Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonherhusband.
③2018·江苏高考Somesocialapppanieswereto_blameblamebecausetheydidn’tadequatelychecktheirusers’registration.
④2017·全国卷ⅢLotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorningandputtheblame_on_thealarmclock.[用准] betoblame短语中blame不能用被动形式,该短语为主动形式表示被动含义[写美] 一句多译诚实地说,李华应该为这次冲突负责
⑤TobehonestLiHuais_to_blame_fortheconflict.blamev.
⑥HonestlyspeakingLiHuashould_take_the_blame_fortheconflict.blamen.7.contributevt.vi.捐献;贡献;捐助[记牢]1contributesth.to... 把某物捐献给……contributeto有助于;导致;投稿2contributionn.捐献;贡献;稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto对……做出贡献[练通]单句语法填空
①2017·江苏高考LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoadJiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.
②Yourcontributioncontributewillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.
③Inconclusioneveryoneshouldmakecontributionstoprotectingprotecttheenvironment.写出加彩词的含义
④2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达Ifyouwanttocontributetoournewspaperpleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethedeadline.投稿[写美] 翻译句子
⑤2017·北京高考书面表达那些在电脑方面有天分的人有助于制作视频Those_who_were_talented_in_puter_contributed_to_making_the_video.[词汇过关综合训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Researchersfindcures治疗方法forcertaindiseasesoftenbyusingtheforests’plantsandanimals.2.Hemadeanapologytomeforhisnotattending参加theconcertontime.3.2017·江苏高考ManyChinesebrandshavingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturiesarefacingnewchallenges挑战fromthemodernmarket.4.Ourteamwasdefeated打败lastnightwhichmadeussadanddisappointed.5.Thestudentsmustlearntohandle处理thoseurgentcasesinthesummercamp.6.Ifyouhaveapositive积极的attitudetowardsyourworkyouwillfeelhappy.7.Williamtriedtojointhebasketballclubbutwasrejected拒绝becauseofhispoorhealth.8.Blamed责备forthebreakdownoftheschoolputernetworkAlicewasinlowspirits.9.Childrenwhenexposed暴露toanEnglishspeakingatmospherewillpickupthelanguagemuchmoreeasily.10.Ireadtheletteronceagaintryingtoabsorb理解itscontents.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Dorememberyoumustreadtheinstructionsinstructbeforetakingthemedicine.2.Fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusionsconcludeabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.3.2017·全国卷ⅢHesaidtheluckywomanwillbe_announcedannounceonthewebsiteandthetripwillbesharedonline.4.Becauseoftheseverepollutionpollutethewaterintheriveristoodirtytodrink.5.Wewillhavetoadoptamorescientificscienceapproachtopreservingthetraditionalcustoms.6.Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachinewemustsendforanengineerto_handlehandletheproblem.7.WhenaskedabouthisdreamJacksayshewantstobea_painterpaintwhenhegrowsup.8.Whenhecamebackthreehourslatertheywerestillsittingonthesofaabsorbedabsorbinconversation.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子/一句多译1.治好他病的那位医生非常有经验cureThedoctorwhocured_him_of_his_illnesswasveryexperienced.2.我是一名中国学生,我打算在假期去英国参加一个暑期学习班attendIamaChinesestudentandIplantogotoBritainto_attend_a_summer_schoolduringthevacation.3.2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达总之,我相信你们会从这部影片中获益匪浅concludeIn_conclusion_Ibelievethatyoucanbenefitalotfromthefilm.4.2015·重庆高考写作只有用这种方法我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出巨大贡献contributionOnlyinthiswaycan_we_make_great_contributions_toourfamilyandoursociety.5.他把考试失败归咎于老师
①He_blamed_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher.blame...on
②He_blamed_the_teacher_for_the_failure_of_his_exam.blame...for
③He_put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_his_exam_on_the_teacher.blamen.Ⅳ.语境辨义根据语境选出动词attend的词义1.OnhisdeathbedtheGeneralwasattendedbyseveraldoctors.__C__2.YouknowmyuncleLiMingisgoingtothecitywhereyoulivetoattendaninternationalmeeting.__B__3.Shehadntbeenattendingduringthelesson.__A__一课前自主学习1.put_forward 提出2.draw_a_conclusion得出结论3.expose_..._to[串记1]使显露;暴露4.link_..._to_...[串记2]将……和……联系或连接起来5.apart_from除……之外;此外6.make_sense讲得通;有意义7.be_strict_with_...对……严格的8.be_to_blame应受责备;应承担责任9.look_into调查10.lead_to[串记3]导致;通向11.die_of/from死于[同根短语串记]串记
1.“动词+n.+to”短语荟萃
①expose...to使显露;暴露
②add...to增添;增加
③pare...to把……比作
④devote...to把……奉献于
⑤supply...to为……提供串记
2.由link...to...联想到的
①connect...with...把……和……连接起来
②tie...to...把……拴到……
③mix...with...把……和……混合起来
④bine...with...把……和……结合起来
⑤attach...to...把……系到/缚到……串记
3.“引起;导致;有助于”聚焦
①leadto
②cause
③resultin
④bringabout
⑤contributeto1.slowdown_慢下来;减速2.beresponsiblefor对……负责3.bedeterminedtodosth.决定做某事4.beenthusiasticabout热衷于;对……充满热情5.personalphysician私人医生6.facethechallenge面对挑战7.gather_information收集信息8.thecause_ofthedisease疾病的起因1.Neither_its_cause_noritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时,都有成千上万惊恐的人病死3.Only_ifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷一 阅读中的短语补全句子1.2017·天津高考阅读表达IntheyearsofmygrowingupDadwas_strict_with_me对我严格.2.2016·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空Wewent101andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayerbutIoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwas_to_blame应该负责任forMiller’saccident.3.2014·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空Asageneralruleallformsofactivitylead_to导致boredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine常规basis.高考采撷二 写作中的短语和句式词汇升级/补全句子1.2018·天津高考书面表达Thetrainingschedulebesidesregulartrainingincludesjoininginavarietyofactivitiessuchasparticipatinginsomenationalpetitions.用本单元短语替换加黑词汇apart_from2.2015·湖南高考写作他在全班面前说,只有我们把心放在学习上我们才能取得大的进步onlyifHesaidbeforethewholeclassthatonlyifweputourheartintoourlessonscouldwemakegreatprogress.3.2017·11月浙江高考写作每次我们野营,妈妈都会读一本书或者唱一首柔和的歌everytimeEvery_time_we_camped_Momwouldreadabookorsingasoftsong.二课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1.putforward提出建议;推荐;将……提前;将钟表等向前拨[辨清] 写出下列句中putforward的含义
①2016·天津高考Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.提出
②Ithinkheisfitfortheposition;thereforeI’llputhimforwardasacandidate.推荐
③Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将……提前[记牢]putaside 节省;储蓄;储存;留出putaway放好;积蓄putoff延期;推迟putup举起;张贴;建立;提供食宿putthrough接通电话;完成;使经受[练通] 选用上述短语填空
④Encouragechildrento_put_asidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyChristmaspresents.
⑤Itwasbecauseofthebadweatherthatthefootballmatchwas_put_off.[写美] 翻译句子
⑥2017·北京高考书面表达在我们实施这项计划之前,同学们提出了不同的想法Before_we_carried_out_the_plan_various_ideas_were/had_been_put_forward_by_my_classmates.2.makesense有意义;有道理;讲得通[记牢]1makesenseof 理解;明白makenosense没道理;没意义2inasense在某一方面;就某种意义来说innosense决不位于句首时用部分倒装3thereisno/littlesenseindoingsth. 做某事没道理[练通]单句语法填空
①AsfarasI’mconcernedthereisnosenseingettinggetupsetaboutitnow.
②Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.补全句子
③Seeyourputerhasbrokendownagain!Itdoesn’tmake_sensetobuythecheapestbrandofputerjusttosaveafewdollars.看,你的电脑又坏了!仅为了节省几美元而买最便宜品牌的电脑不明智
④Planningsofaraheadmakes_no_sense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前这么久计划没有意义——到明年许多事情都会发生变化[写美] 词汇升级
⑤TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlyunderstandthematall.升级加黑词汇→TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlymake_sense_of_thematall.[句式集释]1.neither...nor...“既不……也不……”[教材原句] Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.[悟拓展例句]12016·江苏高考书面表达Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlesslynorcanwedenyitpletely.2NotonlyJohnandTombutalsotheirsisterMarytakestakegreatinterestinthepianolessonsnow.3Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsisbetoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.4Theteacherisnotcontentwiththeresult.Thestudentsarenotcontentwiththeresult.句式升级→Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_arecontentwiththeresult.[析用法规则]1neither...nor...“既不……也不……”,连接句中两个相同的句子成分当连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则2遵循“就近一致原则”的其他并列连词either...or...不是……就是……;或者……或者……notonly...butalso... 不但……而且……not...but...不是……而是……[背写作佳句]1Thisphenomenonisneithergoodnorbad;itisafactofcollegelifetodayandinthepast.要点句这种现象既不是很好也不是很差;这就是现实中的大学生活,过去是这样,现在依然还是如此2Notyoubutthescientististoattendtheceremonytobeheldinourschool.要点句不是你而是这位科学家将出席我们学校举办的典礼2.everytime引导时间状语从句[教材原句] Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.[悟拓展例句]12016·6月浙江高考Every_timehearrivedhomeattheendofthedaywe’dgreethimatthedoor.每当在一天结束他到家时,我们都在门口迎接他2The_first_timehecametothecityhedecidedtosettlethere.他第一次来到那个城市,他就决定在那里安家3Youareweletoebackany_timeyouwantto.你什么时候想回来,我们都欢迎4Onarrivingarrivehomehesetouttodohishousework.[析用法规则]用法归纳1everytime是名词词组作连词,引导时间状语从句,相当于whenever,意为“每当……”,从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时2名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有anytime 任何时候nexttime下次……时thelasttime最后一次the+序数词+time第……次3the+瞬间名词moment/minute/instant/second一……就……on/upondoingsth.一……就……注意事项1此类名词词组可单独引导时间状语从句,因此后面不再用when2这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,从句中用一般时态代替将来时态[背写作佳句]12017·天津高考书面表达IdohopethatyoucanpayavisittoTianjineverytimeyouetoChina.要点句22016·10月浙江高考写作TomdashedouttheinstantthehelicopterlandedandhuggedJanetightly.要点句[词块、句式过关综合训练] Ⅰ.选词填空bestrictwith,leadto,apartfrom,lookinto,putforward,drawaconclusion,dieof,makesense1.Theofficialplanput_forwardbyChinatobuildtheBeltRoadwassupportedbymanycountries.2.Wemustbe_strict_withourstudentswhileweshouldgivethemloveandcareaswell.3.Iwrotealetterofplaintandthemanagerhaspromisedtolook_intothematter.4.Wecan’tdraw_a_conclusionwithouthavingawideinvestigationintothismatter.5.Eatingtoomuchfatcanlead_toheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.6.Apart_fromtheEnglishclassItookanactivepartinEnglishCornerandotherafterclassEnglishactivities.7.Don’twastetimethinkingaboutasentencewhichdoesn’tmake_sense.8.StephenHawkingoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworlddied_ofaseriousdiseaseattheageof
76.Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.每次我听到那首英文歌,我就禁不住想起我在澳大利亚的那些日子everytimeEvery_time_I_hear_the_English_song_Ican’thelpthinkingofthedayswhenIwasinAustralia.2.没有足够的证据而下结论毫无意义senseThere’s_no_sense_in_drawing_a_conclusionwithoutenoughevidence.3.只有当人们和睦相处时,我们才能有一个和谐的社会onlyif...Onlyifpeopleliveinharmonywitheachothercan_we_haveaharmonioussociety.4.这个老师和他的学生都没有碰到过这么难的一个问题neither...nor...Neither_the_teacher_nor_his_students_have_e_acrosssuchadifficultproblem.Ⅲ.应用文分步写作假定你是李华,请根据下面表格中的内容提示,为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文,介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家姓名梁建英出生年份1972年职务中国高铁总设计师主要经历11995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作2研制出时速300~350千米高速动车组32015年获奖注意1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯参考词汇高速动车组highspeedEMU第一步准确审题,理行文脉络,拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的人物介绍,时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主,人称为第三人称文章可分两个层次主体部分应依据题目所给的要点进行构思,介绍梁建英的职务、出生年份、主要经历1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作;研制出时速300~350千米高速动车组;2015年获奖,由于所给要点齐全,只要清清楚楚表达出来即可;最后表达自己的感想要点1-
①梁建英是中国高铁总设计师她出生于1972年Liang_Jianying_is_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU.She_was_born_in_
1972.要点1-
②梁建英1995年毕业她一直致力于研究中国高速列车的发展devote...toLiang_Jianying_graduated_in_
1995._She_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.要点1-
③她研制出时速300~350千米高速动车组She_invented_the_300~350km/h_highspeed_EMU.要点1-
④她在2015年获奖awardShe_was_awarded_in_
2015.要点2梁建英给我们树立了好榜样从她身上,我意识到我们应该不断努力直至实现我们的梦想Liang_Jianying_has_set_a_good_example_to_us.From_her_I_realize_that_we_should_keep_on_trying_until_we_realize_our_dreams.第二步添加细节,文意更丰满,表达更亮眼句式丰富多彩,表达高级是高分的基础,因此要对句式进行升级拓展,使表达更充实,内容更丰富如要点1-
①合并升级为名词短语作同位语;要点1-
②升级为since引导的时间状语从句;要点1-
③增添她研制出时速300~350千米高速动车组的结果“使我们快速出行更加便利”,并使用v.ing形式作结果状语升级要点1-
①梁建英是中国高铁总设计师,出生于1972年合并升级为名词短语作同位语Liang_Jianying_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU_was_born_in_
1972.升级要点1-
②自从她1995年毕业,她一直致力于研究中国高速列车的发展合并升级为时间状语从句Since_she_graduated_in_1995_she_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.拓展要点1-
③她研制出时速300~350千米高速动车组,使我们快速出行更加便利v.ing形式作结果状语Sheinventedthe300~350km/hhighspeedEMUmakingitmoreconvenientforustogetaroundquickly.第三步连句成文,排语句顺序,重衔接过渡本写作可采用“总—分”结构来行文,使文章显得紧凑结合要点,根据上下文之间的逻辑关系,可添加过渡性词汇afterwards,asaconsequence使文章衔接紧密,过渡自然Liang_Jianying_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU_was_born_in_
1972.Since_she_graduated_in_1995_she_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway._Afterwards_she_invented_the_300~350km/h_highspeed_EMU_making_it_more_convenient_for_us_to_get_around_quickly._As_a_consequence_she_was_awarded_in_
2015.Liang_Jianying_has_set_a_good_example_to_us.From_her_I_realize_that_we_should_keep_on_trying_until_we_realize_our_dreams.理清段落结构之三 转折段落转折结构的特点是
1.有同一中心,但具体内容前后不一致,常用“可是”、“但是”、“然而”等词语表示内容与内容之间的转折关系;
2.当文段呈现为转折结构时,一般强调的是转折之后的内容,也就是该文段的重点内容;
3.表示转折常用词语buthoweveronthecontraryyet句首still句首asamatteroffactinfact等读文时重点关注转折所在段落,它往往是段落甚至全文的重点,是得出结论的基础[高考典例1] 2016·浙江卷·C篇文章主题句 支撑 得出结论
[1]Digitaltechnology—emailandsmartphonesespecially—hasvastlyimprovedworkers’abilitytobeproductiveoutsideofatraditionaloffice.Evensomostwhitecollarworkstillhappensinanoffice.Onereasonisthataccordingtofindingsofanewsurvey调查ofofficeworkersconductedbyWakefieldResearchfortheITpanyCitrixmostbossesaredoubtfulaboutremoteworking.Halfoftheworkerssaytheirbossdoesn’tacceptitandonly35percentsayit’stolerated.
[2]Skepticalbosseswilllikelyhavetheirdoubtsreinforced加深bythesamesurveywhichshowsthat43percentofworkerssaythey’vewatchedTVoramoviewhile“working”remotelywhile35percenthavedonehouseworkand28percenthavecookeddinner.
[3]Itistruehoweverthatworkingathomemakespeoplemuchmoreefficient高效的becauseitallowsworkerstotakecareofannoyinghouseworkwhilestillgettingtheirjobsdone.It’smuchfasterforexampletoshopforgroceriesataquartertothreethantostandinlineduringtheafterworkrush.
[4]Thefactthatsuchpracticesremainofficiallyunacceptedreflectshowfarwehaven’teasasocietyfromthedayswhenweexpectedeveryfulltimeworkertobesupportedbyafulltimehomemaker.
[5]MorebroadlytheWakefieldsurveysuggeststhatemployersmaybemissingalowcostwaytogiveworkerssomethingofvalue.Sixtyfourpercentofthosesurveyparticipantswhohaven’tworkedremotelywouldrathergiveupsomebonusinordertogetevenonedayaweekworkingfromhome.Undersuchcircumstancessmartfirmsneedtofindwaystolettheiremployeeshaveenoughflexibilitytomanagetheirtimeefficiently.[高考典例2] 2011·陕西卷·D篇
[1]Eversincetheywerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990sgeneticallymodifiedGM转基因foodshavebeenincreasinglydevelopedandmarketedinmanycountriesintheworldmainlyonthebasisoftheirpromisetoendtheworldwidefoodcrisis.ButcanGMtechnologysolveworldhungerproblemsEvenifitwouldisitthebestsolution
[2]DespitewhatitpromisesGMtechnologyactuallyhasnotincreasedtheproductionpotential潜力ofanycrop.InfactstudiesshowthatthemostwidelygrownGMcropGMsoybeanshassufferedreducedproductivity.ForinstanceareportthatanalysednearlytwodecadesofresearchonmajorGMfoodcropsshowsthatGMengineeringhasfailedtosignificantlyincreaseUScropproduction.
[3]Somethingelsehoweverhasbeenontherise.WhileGMseedsareexpensiveGMpaniestellfarmersthattheywillmakegoodprofitsbysavingmoneyonpesticides杀虫剂.OnthecontraryUSgovernmentdatashowthatGMcropsintheUShaveproducedanoverallincreaseinpesticideuseparedtotraditionalcrops.“Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.Butneitheristrue,”saidBillChristisonPresidentoftheUSNationalFamilyFarmCoalition.
[4]AtthesametimetheauthorsofthebookWorldHunger:TwelveMythsarguethatthereactuallyismorethanenoughfoodintheworldandthatthehungercrisisisnotcausedbyproductionbutbyproblemsinfooddistributionandpolitics.Theseindeeddeserveoureffortsandmoney.Meanwhiletheriseinfoodpricesresultsfromtheincreaseduseofcropsforfuelratherthanfoodaccordingtoa2008WorldBankreport.
[5]Asamatteroffactscientistsseebetterwaystofeedtheworld.AnotherWorldBankreportconcludedthatGMcropshavelittletooffertothechallengesofworldwidepovertyandhungerbecausebetterwaysoutareavailableamongwhich“green”farmingissupposedtobethefirstchoice.
[1]提出问题转基因技术是否解决世界饥饿问题
[2]转基因作物没有增加粮食产量
[3]以however引起转折转基因作物增加了种植成本
[5]结论转基因作物不是最佳选择。