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Unit3Lifeinthefuture高考试卷分块专练Ⅰ.阅读理解AIfIhadtochoosewhatlanguagetolearnnextitsatoughdecisionbutitdprobablybeGermanbecausemanypeoplethatknowseverallanguagestellmethatGermanistheirfavouritelanguageintermsofexpressingthemselves.AndIthinkitmighthavesomethingtodowiththevastamountofvocabularytheGermanlanguagehas.SoIthinkitdbereallydifficultbutafunchallenge.ElenaCanadateacherIthinkIdliketolearnFrenchnextbecauseitsaveryromantic浪漫的languageanditcouldbeveryusefulindifferentjobsituations.BesidesIthinkitcouldhelpmeunderstandEnglishabitmoreaswellsinceitwaspreviouslythelanguageofdiplomacy外交.BryanUSAwriterIdlovetolearnItaliannext.IvisitedMilanlastyearandIthinkitwouldbegreattobeabletospeaktosomeofthelocals.AlsoitsquitesimilartoSpanishsoIdontthinkitwouldbetooconfusing.GeorginaEnglandOlympicswimmerIdreallyliketolearnFrench.IactuallylearneditsomeyearsagobutIhaventuseditinalongtimeandIveforgottenitbutitsalanguagethatIreallyenjoyspeakingandIthinkFranceisawonderfulcountry.JamesNewZealandtravelwriter语篇解读本文是一篇应用文文中四人分别表述了自己最想学习的下一种语言并给出了理由1.OneofthereasonswhyBryanwantstolearnFrenchisthat________.A.itiseasytolearnB.itisusedfrequentlyC.itsoundsmorebeautifulthanEnglishD.itallowshimtoexpresshimselfmoreclearly解析选B 推理判断题根据第二段中的“itcouldbeveryusefulindifferentjobsituations”可知,在不同的工作场景中法语都非常有用由此可推测,正是因为法语的使用频率很高,所以Bryan想学法语2.WecaninferthatGeorgina________.A.willliveinMilanB.canspeakSpanishC.feelspuzzledabouthercareerD.wantstomakesomeItalianfriends解析选B 推理判断题根据第三段中的“itsquitesimilartoSpanishsoIdontthinkitwouldbetooconfusing”可推测,因为Georgina会西班牙语,所以她认为和西班牙语很像的意大利语应该不会很难学3.WhoisthemostfearlesslearnerA.Elena. B.Bryan.C.Georgina.D.James.解析选A 推理判断题根据第一段中的“...thevastamountofvocabularytheGermanlanguagehas.SoIthinkitdbereallydifficultbutafunchallenge”可知,Elena明明知道德语的词汇量很大,学起来会很困难,但仍然想去尝试学德语,并认为这是项很有趣的挑战由此不难看出,Elena是个不畏困难的学习者BWhatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5000oreven50000yearsfromnowWecanonlymakeguessesofcoursebutwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistodayformanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanobviousexample.Manevenfivehundredyearsagowasshorterthanheistoday.Nowonaveragemenareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisrelativelyashortperiodoftimesowemayassumethatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Againinthemodernworldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evensowestillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrainscapacity.Astimegoesonhoweverweshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmoreandeventuallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetotheheadinparticulartheforeheadwillgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesareinconstantuse.Infactweusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybeeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatmanseyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhandwetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.Theseasaresultarelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametimehoweverourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.ButwhatabouthairThiswillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuturethenbothsexesarelikelytobebald光秃的.Perhapsallthesegivetheimpressionthatinthefuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreaturetolookat!Thismaywellbetrue.Allthesameinspiteofallthesechangesfuturemanwillstillhavealotinmonwithus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.语篇解读本文对未来人会变成什么样子进行了分析和想象4.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A.manslifewillbedifferentinthefutureB.futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusC.manisgrowingtalleranduglierastimepassesD.mansorgansfunctionswillbeonthewane衰退解析选B 主旨大意题由第一段可知本文主要介绍未来人类的外貌可能会出现的变化C项只是其中的一个方面5.Thechangeinmanssizeofforeheadisprobablybecause________.A.he/shemakesuseonly20%ofthebrainscapacityB.his/herbrainhasgrownlargeroverthepastcenturiesC.theother80%ofhis/herbrainwillgrowinduetimeD.he/shewillusehisbrainmoreandmoreastimegoeson解析选D 细节理解题由第二段最后两句说人类将更多地使用大脑,最终大脑变大,前额变大可知答案6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutahumanbeinginthefutureA.Heishairlessbecausehairisnolongeruseful.B.Hehassmallereyesandwearsbetterglasses.C.Hisfingersgrowweakerbecausehedoesnthavetomakeuseofthem.D.Hethinksandfeelsindifferentways.解析选A 正误判断题第五段指出人类的头发可能会消失,因为“...itdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger”,即头发失去作用7.Itisimpliedthat________.A.humanbeingswillbeelessattractiveinthefutureB.lessuseofabodilyorganmayleadtoitsdegenerationC.humanbeingshopeforachangeinthefuturelifeD.futurelifeisalwayspredictable解析选B 推理判断题从人类身体变化可以看出,经常使用的,如大脑、手指将变得发达,而不常用的如头发、四肢会退化CTheInternetofThingsIoTaimstogeteverythingandeveryonetalking.Attachingsensors传感器to“things”,suchascowscarsandrefrigeratorsandthengivingthemuniqueIPaddressesallowthemto“talk”totheInternet.NetworkingpanyCiscosaysthat50billionInternetconnecteddevicesandobjectswillbesendingdataby
2020.ButgettingbacktothosecowscarsandrefrigeratorswhattypesofdatamighttheyactuallysendCowsmightsendtheirlocationsorphysicalconditions.Carsmightmunicatelowoillevelsandautomaticallyscheduletheirownmaintenance维修.Andrefrigeratorsmightsendownerstextmessagesremindingthemitstimetobuymilkandeggs.TheIoTwillallowpeopletotrackthingsandprocesseslikeneverbefore.Airplanemanufacturerswillbeabletocontinuouslytracktheconditionofairplanepartsallowingthemtodopreventive预防性的maintenanceandavoidcostlydowntime.Consumerscouldplacesmartdevicesintheirhomestomonitorenergyusageandobserveenergypricechangesinrealtime.Thatwouldallowpeopletochangetheirhabitsanduseelectricalappliancesduringlowerpricedhours.SomecriticsfearthattheIoTcouldendupbeingafad流行thatpeopleloseinterestinovertime.OthercriticsaredoubtfulthatpaniesmakingInternetconnectedapplianceswillprovidelongtermsoftwareupdates.Ifthathappensarefrigeratororwashingmachinethatshouldlast10yearsormorecouldlasttwoorthreeduetosoftwarethatsoutdated.EarlythisyearownersoftheTeslaModelSelectriccarreceivedarecallnoticeremindingthemofachargerplugneedingtobefixed.AmazinglyownersoftheModelSsatbackwhilethepanyperformedan“overtheair”wirelessupdate.CustomersconfirmedtheupdatebytappingonthecarstouchscreentoseethattheModelSwasrunningthelatestsoftwareversion.Notriptothedealerwasrequired!PerhapsTeslasremotefixisasignofthingstoe.SomedaysoonpeopleslivesmightbeealotmoreefficientandconvenientthankstotheIoT.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了什么是物联网——物联网指把各种物体与信息传感设备相结合形成一个巨大网络,其目的是方便用户识别和管理8.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs23A.HowtheIoTworks.B.WhytheIoTissopopular.C.WhowillbenefitfromtheIoT.D.WhatproblemstheIoTisfacing.解析选A 段落大意题第二段是对“whattypesofdatamighttheyactuallysend?”的解释,而第三段进一步解释了物联网的功能,这些都是对物联网如何运转的介绍9.TheexampleoftheTeslaModelSelectriccarisusedtoshow________.A.theplexityoftheIoTB.theconvenienceoftheIoTC.thevalueoftheTeslaelectriccarD.thepopularityoftheTeslaelectriccar解析选B 推理判断题由倒数第二段的“ownersoftheModelSsatbackwhilethepanyperformedan‘overtheair’wirelessupdate”可知,汽车车主只需要坐着等待就可以享受维修升级服务,故该事例说明了物联网的便捷性10.WhatstheauthorsattitudetowardsthefutureoftheIoTA.Hopeful.B.Worried.C.Doubtful.D.Disappointed.解析选A 作者态度题由最后一段的“SomedaysoonpeopleslivesmightbeealotmoreefficientandconvenientthankstotheIoT.”可知,作者对物联网的未来充满了希望11.WhatwouldbethebesttitleforthetextA.Fadisdisappearing!B.Itstimetochange!C.Internetising!D.Itsallconnected!解析选D 标题归纳题本文是对物联网的介绍——物联网指把各种物体与信息传感设备相结合形成一个巨大网络,其目的是方便用户识别和管理D项中的connected一词正好说明了物联网把各种物品和网络连接起来的这一特性DIhavelivedinAmericascountrysidefornineyearsfirstinMichiganwhereIwasgettingmyuniversitydegree;thenincentralIllinois;andnowinIndianawhereIamauniversityteacher.TherewereafewthingsIenjoyedplaining抱怨aboutinmylivingarea.Imavegetarian素食者sotheresnowheretogooutforanicedinnerwithouttakinga50miledrive.Imblacksotheresnowheretogetmyhairdonewithoutanother50miledrive.Irepeatedtheseplaintstomyparentsandmyfriends.Sometimesitseemedlikeplaintswerethemonlanguageinmycircle.Weallweredissatisfiedwithsomething.BackinIllinoismyfriendsplainedaboutthetraintoChicagoandhowitsneverontime;myfriendsinbiggercitiesplainedabouttheexpensiverentandstrangesmellsonthesubway.plainingallowsustoaccepttheimperfectwithouthavingtotakeaction.Weallhavegreatideasaboutwhatlifewouldbelikeifonlywehadthisordidthatorlivedthere.Perhapsplaininghelpsbridgethelargespacebetweentheseperfectselvesandreality.Theresalsothis:IreallydidntwanttochangemostofthethingsIplainedabout.plainingwashelpfulonthosedayswhenhappinessrequiredtoomuchenergy.Butitalsomademelosesightofsomething.IwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIwenttothecoastsIwassurprisedbyhowunattractivebigcitylivingcanbe.plainingmayofferreliefbutsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectplace.Thereisnoperfectlife.Therewillalwaysbesomethingtoplainabout.Byfocusingon关注myplaintsIriskedmissingoutonimportantmomentsofhappiness.NowIlookupintothenightskyandseeallthestars.AndIknowthatIhavenothingtoplainabout.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文作者曾是一个爱抱怨的人,然而她最终意识到抱怨不会带来任何改变还会使她错过许多美好的时刻12.WhatdoweknowabouttheauthorA.Shelikesdrivinginthecountryside.B.Sheisverypickyaboutherhair.C.Sheisawelleducatedwoman.D.Sheoftengoesoutfordinner.解析选C 细节理解题根据第一段中的“Iwasgettingmyuniversitydegree”和“Iamauniversityteacher”可知,作者是一个受过良好教育的人13.Afterplainingtheauthorprobably________.A.hadadeeperunderstandingofrealityB.triedtomakeherselfmoreperfectC.gotsadderabouthersituationD.remainedunchanged解析选D 推理判断题根据第三段中的“plainingallowsustoaccepttheimperfectwithouthavingtotakeaction.”和第四段中的“IreallydidntwanttochangemostofthethingsIplainedabout”可推测,作者抱怨过后基本不作出任何改变14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“something”inParagraph4refertoA.Thefactthattheauthorlikedthecountryside.B.Thedifferencebetweensmallandbigcities.C.Thedifficultyinfindinghappiness.D.Thepurposeoftheauthorslife.解析选A 代词指代题画线词something指的是后面的两句“IwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIwenttothecoastsIwassurprisedbyhowunattractivebigcitylivingcanbe.”由此可知,作者想表达她所忽略的事情是她生养于有着大片平原的内布拉斯加,并且一点儿都不羡慕大城市的生活,即她曾经非常喜爱乡村生活的事实15.Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto________.A.makeherplaintsB.tellustostopplainingC.paredifferentlifestylesD.telluslifeisthesameanywhere解析选B 写作目的题根据最后一段特别是最后一句“AndIknowthatIhavenothingtoplainabout.”可知,作者写作此文旨在告诉我们应该停止抱怨生活,并且希望我们可以更多地关注生活中的美好Ⅱ.阅读七选五SQ3RstandsforSurveyQuestionReadReciteReview.Itisaproventechniquetosharpentextbookreadingskills.Hereshowthisstrategyworks SurveyGetanideaofwhatthechapterisaboutbyreviewingthehighlights最突出的部分__1__Takenoteofwordsthatareitalicized斜体orbold黑体.Lookatchartsgraphspicturesmapsandothervisualmaterial.Readtheverybeginningandendofthechapter.QuestionAsyousurveythetextaskaquestionforeachsection.__2__Youcancreatequestionsby Turningthetitleorsubtitlesintoquestions;Rewritingthequestionsattheendofthechapterinyourownwords.Questionshelpyoupayattentionunderstandthetextbetterandrecalltheinformationmoreeasilylateron.ReadReadonesectionofachapteratatimeactivelylookingforananswertoyourquestionforthatsection.Payattentiontoboldanditalicizedtextthatauthorsusetomakeimportantpoints.Besuretorevieweverythinginthesectionincludingtablesgraphsandcharts.__3__ReciteAttheendofeachsectionfindananswertoyourquestionforthatsection.__4__Besuretoprovideexamplesthatsupportit.NowrepeatQuestionReadandRecitestepsforeachsectionofthechapterorassignedreading.ReviewAfterreadingreviewyournotes.Identifythemainpointsofthereadingbylookingforthemostimportantideaineachsection.__5__Reviewyourstudynotesandthesummaryeveryweektohelpyouremembertheinformation.Whenitstimetostudyforyourtestsyoullfindyouvecreatedaninvaluableguide.A.Readthetitlesandsubtitles.B.Thenwritedownyouranswer.C.Firstaskaquestionforthenextsection.D.Writeabriefsummaryofthechapterorassignment.E.Thewrittenquestionsandanswerswillhelpyoustudyinthefuture.F.Askwhatwhyhowwhenwhoandwhereastheyrelatetothecontent.G.Thesefeaturescanmunicateanideamorepowerfullythanwrittentext.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了五步读书法,即浏览、提问、阅读、复述、复习1.选A 根据本空前的内容可知,浏览的时候要特别注意文章中的突出部分根据常识我们知道,“标题和副标题”在字体及字号等方面往往不同于正文,比较显眼2.选F F项中的Ask符合五步读书法中的“提问”3.选G 本空前提示读者在阅读时要注意图表信息,因为“这些吸引人眼球的内容比文字更能有力地传达信息”4.选B 根据“复习”部分提到的notes可知,在复述时,不仅要解答之前提问的问题,还要“把答案写下来”,并要提供支持该答案的例证5.选D 根据常识及下段中的summary可知,在复习的时候要“写一个简单的总结”。