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Unit2Workingtheland
一、刷黑板——Ⅰ.阅读词汇英译汉[第一屏听写]1.statisticn. 数据;统计;统计数字;统计资料2.sunburntadj.晒黑的3.superadj.特级的;超级的4.outputn.产量;输出5.circulatevt.vi.循环;流传6.grainn.谷物;粮食;颗粒7.occupationn.工作;职业;占领8.personalityn.性格;个性;人格9.chemicaladj.化学的;关于化学的 [第二屏听写]10.organicadj. 有机的;器官的;组织的11.fertileadj.肥沃的;富饶的12.fertilizern.肥料;化肥13.bacterian.bacterium的复数形式细菌14.nutritionn.营养;滋养;食物15.pestn.害虫;害兽;害鸟16.mineraln.矿物;矿石17.skimvt.浏览;略读18.underlinevt.画底线标出;强调19.industrialadj.工业的;产业的 [第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇汉译英1.strugglevi.n. 斗争;拼搏;努力2.decaden.十年;十年期3.cropn.庄稼;农作物;产量4.hungern.饥饿;欲望vt.vi.使饥饿5.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的6.expandvt.vi.使变大;伸展7.battlen.战役;战斗;较量;斗争vt.vi.搏斗;奋斗 [第四屏听写]8.ridvt. 摆脱;除去9.freedomn.自由;自主10.thereforeadv.因此;所以;因而11.equipvt.vi.配备;装备12.exportvt.vi.输出;出口13.confusevt.使迷惑;使为难14.regretvt.遗憾;惋惜n.遗憾;懊悔15.productionn.生产;制造 [第五屏听写]16.discoveryn. 发现;发觉17.focusn.焦点;中心点vt.集中;聚焦18.soiln.土壤19.reducevt.减少;减缩20.rootn.根;根源21.summaryn.总结;摘要;概要22.mentn.评论;议论vi.vt.表达意见;作出评论 [第六屏听写]23.nationalityn. 国籍24.thanks_to幸亏;由于;因为25.rid_...of使……摆脱或除去26.be_satisfied_with对……感到满意27.would_rather宁愿;宁可28.build_up逐渐增强;建立;开发29.lead_to导致;造成后果30.focus_on集中注意力、精力等于31.keep_...free_from/of使……免受影响、伤害等;使……不含有害物
二、刷清单——一核心单词阅读单词
1.statisticn.数据;统计;统计数字;统计资料2.fertilizern. 肥料;化肥3.bacterian.细菌
4.nutritionn. 营养;滋养;食物5.mineraln.矿物;矿石6.underlinevt.画底线标出;强调
7.circulatevt.vi. 循环;流传8.occupationn.工作,职业;占领9.outputn.产量;输出10.fertileadj.肥沃的;富饶的表达单词
1.strugglevi.n. 斗争;拼搏;努力2.decaden.十年;十年期3.thereforeadv.因此;所以;因而4.ridvt.摆脱;除去5.exportvt.vi.出口;输出6.focusn.焦点;中心点vt.集中;聚焦7.reducevt.减少;减缩8.mentn.评论;议论vi.vt.表达意见;作出评论9.expandvt.vi.使变大;伸展;扩大10.battlen.战役;战斗;较量;斗争vt.vi.搏斗;奋斗[语境活用]1.Healthandenvironmentalproblemshaveincreasinglybeethefocus焦点ofattention/concern.2.EveryyearIndiaexports出口alotofteaandcottontomanydifferentcountries.3.Expanding扩大yourknowledgebyreadingmorebooksisawisechoice.4.Thereportermented作出评论thatthefilmLostandLovewasverymoving.5.Thenumberofpeoplesufferingfromheartdiseasewillbegreatlyreduced减少iftheyarepersuadedtoeatmorefruitandvegetables.拓展单词
1.hungern.饥饿;欲望vt.vi.使饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的;渴望得到的2.freedomn.自由;自主→freeadj.自由的3.productionn.生产;制造→producevt.生产→producern.生产者;制片人4.discoveryn.发现;发觉→discovervt.发现;发觉→discoverern.发现者5.equipvt.vi.配备;装备→equipmentn.设备不可数6.confusevt.使迷惑;使为难→confusingadj.令人迷惑的→confusedadj.感到迷惑的7.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的→disturbedadj.烦恼的;心神不安的→disturbvt.弄乱;打扰8.nationalityn.国籍→nationn.国家;民族→nationaladj.民族的[语境活用]1.Hewasreallyconfusedbytheconfusingproblemwhichalsoconfusedotherpeopleforalongtime.confuse2.Ourschooloffersgoodequipmentandyouwillbewellequippedwithknowledgeandskillsforyourfuturejob.equip3.Disturbingnewscamethatthevirusspreadquicklywhichmadeusratherdisturbed.disturb4.ThediscovererofelectricitywasFranklin;likemanydiscoveries_itbenefitsusgreatly.discover二常用短语写准记牢语境活用选用左栏短语填空
1.thanks_to 幸亏;由于;因为2.rid_..._of使……摆脱或除去3.be_satisfied_with对……感到满意4.would_rather宁愿;宁可5.build_up逐渐增强;建立;开发6.lead_to导致;造成后果7.focus_on集中注意力、精力等于8.be_rich_in盛产9.keep_...free_from/of使……免受影响、伤害等;使……不含有害物10.in_addition另外
1.Adeepbreathandabalancedmindwillhelptoridyouoftheanxietyandnervousness.2.Tobementallyhealthyyouneedtobuild_upgoodrelationshipswitheachother.3.Weaskedallourcustomersiftheywere_satisfied_withtheservicetheyhadreceived.4.Thanks_tothesenewtreatmentspeoplewithhighbloodpressurecanlivealongandactivelife.5.Asweallknowtoomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleads_toillness.三经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写
1.Ifsowhatdidyoudotogrowthem如果是这样的话,你怎样来种植这些植物?ifso意为“如果是这样的话”,是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式你赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗?如果赞同,请尽快写信告诉我2014·北京高考书面表达DoyouagreethatIwillputourvisittoYunnanoffIf_so_writebacktotellmeaboutitassoonaspossible.
2.In1973hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1973年,他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱thefirst/last/best...+n.+todosth.“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个……做某事的人/物”她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开,我猜这就是她那么快得到晋升的原因Sheisalwaysthefirstpersonto_go_to_the_office_and_the_last_to_leave_whichIguessiswhyshegetspromotedsoquickly.
3.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量“makeit+adj.+动词不定式”结构他的梦想是奥运会将使得各个国家和人民和平共处HisdreamwasthattheOlympicGameswouldmake_it_possible_for_countries_and_people_to_livepeacefullysidebyside.
4.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上wouldrathernotdosth.“宁愿不做……”现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplewould_rather_not_live_in_big_cities.四初中考点再回顾高频考查类——记熟文化差异类——辨清易忘易错类——勤览
1.lateadj. 迟到的2.latelyadv.最近3.lateradv.后来4.latestadj.最新的5.lanternn.灯笼6.layout布置
1.keepteenagersawayfromtheInternet阻止青少年上网2.liftsb.up举起某人3.seriousenough足够认真4.atthepicnic在野餐5.runthroughthefield跑过田野
1.sometime 一段时间2.sometimes几次3.sometimeadv.某个时间过去或将来4.sometimesadv.有时5.everydayadj.日常的;每天的6.everyday每天时间状语
一、过重点单词——1.strugglevi.n.斗争;拼搏;努力;挣扎[经典例句] Shesstrugglingtobringupafamilyonaverylowine.她靠着微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人strugglefor 为争取……而斗争strugglewith/againstsb./sth.与……做斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事struggletoonesfeet挣扎着站起来[多角练透]单句语法填空
①HelenKellerbecamedeafandblindwhenshewas19monthsoldbutshenevergaveupandstruggledto_leadleadanactivelife.
②Theyhadtostrugglefortheirlivesagainstweatherandwildanimals.
③Togetaneducationhewasstrugglingagainst/withmanydifficulties.补全句子
④BravelyMarystruggled_to_her_feet_andfoughtagainstthewindandrainbeatingagainsther.玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来,同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着2.equipvt.vi.装备;配备[教材原句] Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.因此,他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究1equip...with... 用……装备……equip...forsth.为了……而装备beequippedtodosth.配有做……的装备或条件bewell/poorlyequipped装备精良的/较差的2equipmentn.[U]装备;设备apieceofequipment一件设备[多角练透]单句语法填空
①Havingequippedhimselfwithnecessaryknowledgeandskillstheyoungmanwenttothejobmarketwithmuchconfidence.
②Itisoftensaidthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedto_speakspeak.
③AsfarasIknowheis_equippedequipwithmuchexperienceinteaching.单句改错
④Wewantoursontohaveagoodeducationthatwillequiphimwithfuturelife.with→for
⑤Equippingwithnewscientificfarmingmethodstheyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.Equipping→Equipped
⑥Inadditiontheyspendmoneyonfishingequipmentsfuelandboatrepairs.equipments→equipment3.regretvt.可惜;后悔;遗憾;惋惜n.遗憾;懊悔[高考佳句] Ifwedontactnowtoprotecttheenvironmentwelllivetoregretit.2013·全国卷Ⅰ单选如果我们现在不采取行动保护环境,将来我们会后悔的1regret后悔做了某事regrettosay/tell/inform...that... 遗憾地说/告知……2withgreatregret非常遗憾toonesregret令某人抱歉/遗憾的是[多角练透]单句语法填空
①LiPingdidnotregretgiving/having_givengivethementbutfeltthatshecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.
②Iregretto_telltellyouthatIcanttraveltoBeijingtogetherwithyouattheappointedtime.句型转换
③Muchtoourregretwewillnotbeabletovisityounextyear.→To_our_great_regret_wewillnotbeabletovisityounextyear.4.focusvt.集中;聚焦n.焦点;中心点[高考佳句] Ifwefindthosematerialsinterestingwellfocusourattentiononthemforlong.2013·四川高考书面表达如果我们发现那些材料有趣,我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上1focuson/upon 集中注意力、精力等于focusonesattention/eyes/energyon...集中注意力/目光/精力于……2thefocusof...……的焦点[多角练透]单句语法填空
①Toleadahappylifeinthefutureyoushouldfocusmoreonyourcareerwhileyouareyoung.
②WithhisattentionfocusedfocusonhishomeworkheforgotallaboutwhatIhadtoldhim.
③Withsomanypeoplefocusingfocustheireyesonhimhefeltverynervous.句型转换
④Hefocusedhisattentiononurgentproblems.Hehardlyhastimetoplaygameswithyou.→Having_focused_his_attention_onurgentproblems,hehardlyhastimetoplaygameswithyou.分词作状语[联想发散] 表示“注意,集中精力于……”的短语还有concentrateonesattentionon;fixonesattentionon;payattentionto等5.reducevt.减少;减缩[教材原句] Ahealthysoilreducesdiseaseandhelpscropsgrowstrongandhealthy.健康的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长reduce...by... 把……减少了……reduce...to...把……减少到……;把……变为某种状态bereducedto陷入某种境地;沦落为[多角练透]单句语法填空
①Ifyouwanttoloseweighttryto_reducereducetheamountoffatinyourdiet.
②Withgreateffortshehasreducedherweightbyfivekilogramsinthepast7days.
③Itwasfoggysothedriverhadtoreducespeedtofortykilometresanhour.单句改错
④Believeitornottherichmanshouldbereducedtobegforaliving.beg→beggingⅠ.单句语法填空1.YuanLongpinghasbeenfocusingonsearchingforawaytoincreasericeoutput.2.ItsdisturbingdisturbthatIcantgetalongwellwithmynewneighbor.3.InsomepoorAfricanareasmanychildrendiedofhungerhungryeveryyear.4.Withoutthehelpofthemodernequipmentequip,theseexperimentswouldnotbeperformedsmoothly.5.Thegovernmentcallsonthepublictogotoworkbybicycleinsteadofbycarto_reducereduceairpollution.6.Idappreciateitifyoucanmakehelpfulmentson/aboutmywork.7.Hisrecentdiscoveriesdiscoveryhaveaddedtohisreputationinthefieldofscience.8.Iregretto_telltellyouthatyourproblemsarebeyondmypower.YoullhavetoturntosomeoneelseImafraid.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Nowtheyoungmanregretswastesomuchtimewhenhewasatschool.waste→wasting2.Thoughheisyoungheisstruggletosupporthisfamily.struggle→struggling3.Ifyoustayoutinthesunforalongtimeyoumaygetsunburn.sunburn→sunburnt4.SeveraldecadehavepassedsinceIgraduatedfromthecollege.decade→decades5.Shehashadmuchfoodhighinfibrerecently.Howevershebeesslim.However→Therefore6.Confusingbythequestiontheboyturnedtohisteacherforfurtherexplanation.Confusing→ConfusedⅢ.根据提示词补全句子1.众所周知,孩子是家庭的中心,承载着父母的希望focusAsisknowntouschildrenare_the_focus_of_families_shoulderingthehopeoftheirparents.2.我们很遗憾地通知您,您的申请未通过regretWeregret_to_inform_you_thatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.3.这个年轻人发现很难让老板满意,于是离开了satisfyTheyoungmanfound_it_hard_to_satisfyhisbosssoheleft.
二、过短语、句式——1.buildup逐渐增强;增强……的体质;建立;创办;开发;积累[教材原句] Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeoplesbodiesovertime.随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积[一词多义] 写出下列句中buildup的含义
①Bearsbuildupfatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.积累
②Hisconfidencebuiltupgraduallyashegainedmoreandmoreexperienceinteaching.逐渐增加
③Weshouldtakepartinsportsandoutdooractivities,whicharereallyhelpfultobuildupourbodyandenrichourschoollife.增强……的体质
④Itssaidthatshehasbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.建立;创办[归纳拓展]pickup 捡起;无意中学会;接收;搭载takeup拿起;开始;从事;占据makeup虚构;弥补;组成showup出现;露面选用以上短语填空
⑤Thereforeletstaketheresponsibilitytobuild_upalowcarboncitybyridingbicycles.
⑥Itdidnttakemelongtopick_upthebasicknowledgeofthelanguage.
⑦Imustgetridofthislargetable;ittakes_uptoomuchroom.
⑧Therearemorethantwomillionfarmersmaking_uptwothirdsofthetotalpopulationoftheprovince.2.leadto导致;造成后果;通向……[教材原句] Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事lead/livea...life过……样的生活leadtheway引路;带路[多角练透]单句语法填空
①Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethiefsbeing_caughtcatch.
②InclassIwilldividethestudentsintosmallgroupsandleadthemto_practisepractisespeakingEnglishinaninterestingway.
③Undertheleadershipofthelocalgovernmentpeoplethereareleadingahappylife.
④Withaguideleadingleadthewaywehadnodifficultyfindingthevillage.一句多译众所周知,成功在于努力,然而懒惰导致失败
⑤Asweallknowsuccessliesinhardworkwhile_laziness_leads_to_failure.
⑥Asweallknowsuccessliesinhardworkwhile_laziness_results_in_failure.result[名师指津] leadto中的to是介词,后接名词、代词或动词ing形式表示导致的短语还有resultincontributeto等3.if条件状语从句的省略形式If_so_whatdidyoudotogrowthem如果是这样的话,你怎样来种植这些植物?ifso意为“如果是这样的话”,表示肯定意义;如果表示否定意义,则用ifnotifever 如果有过/发生过的话ifany如果有的话ifpossible如果有可能ifnecessary如果有必要
①If_so_pleaserespondtomeasquicklyaspossible.如果是这样的话,请尽快给我回信
②If_possible_trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday.如果可能的话,尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床
③Theclimatehereisquitepleasantthetemperaturerarelyif_ever_reaching30℃insummer.2014·福建高考单选这里的气候宜人,如果曾经有,在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度4.wouldratherdosth.“宁愿做……”Hewould_much_rather_keep_timeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上wouldrathernotdosth.意为“宁愿不做……”宁愿……而不愿……;与其……倒不如单句改错
①Wewouldratherourdaughterstayathomewithusbutitisherchoiceandsheisnotachildanylonger.stay→stayed
②Iwouldrathersleepalldaythantoplayputergamesforalongtime.去掉to
③Shewouldratheryouetomorrowthantoday.e→came一句多译简是一个文静的女孩,她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影
④Janeisaquietgirlwhowouldratherstaystayinthelibrarythangotoseeamovie.
⑤Janeisaquietgirlwhoprefersto_staystayinthelibraryratherthangotoseeamovie.
⑥Janeisaquietgirlwhowouldstaystayinthelibraryratherthangotoseeamovie.Ⅰ.选词填空leadto,thanksto,rid...of,keep...freefrom,besatisfiedwith1.Thanks_tothesupportfromthelocalgovernmenttheycouldrebuildtheirhousessoonaftertheearthquake.2.Asisknowntousitisouractivitythatleads_toairpollution.3.Weshouldusenewenergytokeepourenvironmentfree_frombeingpolluted.4.Allofuswere_satisfied_withtheperfectserviceoftherestaurantafterwehaddinnerthere.5.Wecannotreallylearnanythinguntilweridourselvesofbeingtooproud.Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1.众所周知,我们生活在所谓的信息时代whatAsisknowntousweliveinwhat_is_called_the_information_age.2.你应该改掉那些可能损害你健康的坏习惯ridYoushouldget_rid_of_the_bad_habitsthatmightdamageyourhealth.3.大雨使我们更难按时到达那里makeit+adj.+动词不定式Theheavyrainmade_it_harder_for_us_to_get_thereontime.4.当你情绪低落时,如果想一想美好的事情,就会没有烦恼freeWhenyouareinabadmoodyouwillbe_free_from/of_worryifyouthinkofsomethingnice.5.锻炼有助于我们增强体质,保持头脑清醒buildTakingexercisehelps_us_build_up_our_bodyandkeepaclearmind.Ⅲ.一句多译/句式升级1.他们宁愿尝试后不成功也不愿放弃这个计划
①They_would_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.woulddo...ratherthando...
②They_prefer_to_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.prefertodo...ratherthando...
③They_would_rather_try_and_fail_than_give_up_the_plan.wouldratherdo...thando...2.趁着年轻我们应该努力学习,如果不这样的话,迟早我们会后悔的
①Weshouldstudyhardwhileweareyoung.If_we_dont_study_hard_wewillregretsoonerorlater.
②Weshouldstudyhardwhileweareyoung.If_not_wewillregretsoonerorlater.省略3.很多人去了纽约,使之成为美国最大的城市
①ManypeoplemovedtoNewYorkwhich_made_it_the_largest_cityintheUSA.定语从句
②ManypeoplemovedtoNewYorkmaking_it_the_largest_cityintheUSA.分词作状语
三、过语法、写作——一单元小语法——动词ing形式作主语和宾语Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Throwingthrowwasteintoariverwillcausethefishtodieandthepeoplewhodrinkthewatertogetsick.2.Wevisitedotherrelativesthenextdaywhohadpreparedalotofdeliciousfood.AtnightweallwenttoKTVandhadagreattimesingingsingtogether.3.IhadasmuchfunsailingtheseasasInowdoworkingworkwithstudents.4.Asisknowntousitsnouseplainingplainwithouttakingaction.5.Being_broughtbringupinthecountrysidemadeMrWilsonveryhardworkingwhenhewasveryyoung.Ⅱ.单句改错1.IliketravellingandmydreamofvisitBeijingtheCapitalcityofourcountrycametrueduringtheNationalDayholiday.visit→visiting2.Beforeheardhisanswershestartedtoreadhimalmosteverysinglegreetingcardoutlouduntiltheelderlymansmiled.heard→hearing3.Allthechildrenarelookingforwardtogotoseethepandasthere.go→going4.Somepeoplecanthelppersuadingtobuywhattheydontneedatall.persuading→being_persuaded5.Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinnerwhichmightnotbeserveduntil8oclock.Have→Having二课堂微写作练补写——让行文更条理[题目要求]为了让同学们对有机农业有一个更充分的认识,你班英语兴趣小组打算出一期以有机农业为主题的板报假定你是组长,请你以“Whatarethebenefitsoforganicfarming?”为题为该板报写一篇英语短文词数100左右[补写提示] 请按下列提示线索补写下列习作的中间段WhatarethebenefitsoforganicfarmingOrganicfarmingprovidesmanybenefitsforfarmersaswellasconsumersaroundthecountry.Herearethemajorbenefitsoforganicfarming.保护环境,减少污染→有机食品有利于健康→降低农业生产成本,改善土壤健康,节省能源,减少庄稼歉收风险Thereforefarmersshouldbeencouragedtopursueorganicfarmingpracticesforbettercropgrowthandproduction.[答案示例]WhatarethebenefitsoforganicfarmingOrganicfarmingprovidesmanybenefitsforfarmersaswellasconsumersaroundthecountry.Herearethemajorbenefitsoforganicfarming.Firstlyitaidsfarmersinkeepingtheenvironmenthealthybyreducingthelevelofpollution.Secondlygreenfoodfromorganicfarmingwhichisveryrichinmineralscanhelppreventandtreatmanykindsofdiseases.Thirdlyitreducesthecostsofagriculturalproductionandalsoimprovesthesoilhealth.Lastlyitnotonlysavesenergyforbothanimalsandmachinesbutalsoreducestheriskofcropfailure.Thereforefarmersshouldbeencouragedtopursueorganicfarmingpracticesforbettercropgrowthandproduction.Ⅰ.阅读理解AAcoupleofmonthsagowewereinahurrytogetsomewherebutitseemedthatmy6yearolddaughterhadaninstinctive本能的capacitytoslowthingsdown.InresponseIhadbeeimpatientfrustratedandunkind.AsIunloadedmyapologyshesaid“MomitsOK.Youveneverbeenamombefore.Thisisyourfirsttime.Yourejusttrying.ItsOK.”Herresponsemademefeelashamed.ShehadbeenabletogivemewhatIhadrefusedtogiveherjustmomentsbefore—mercyunderstandingandsympathy.AndIneededit.Wealldo.Infacttheremaybenothingmoreneededtodayinournationandmunities.ItsnowonderthatformerWestboroBaptistChurchmemberMeganhastransformedheridea.Shespent20yearsrepresentingherfamilysbeliefswithmessagesofhatetowardsblacksJewsandthosewhosupportabortion.Whenshefinallystartedbeingabletoengagein参与civildialogwithher“enemies”,shefoundthat“peopleontheothersidewerenottheonesIhadbeenledtobelieve...”Finallysheleftthefaithofherfamily.Whatsurprisedhermostwastheforgivenessandunderstandingsheexperiencedfromthosewhohadbeenherformer“enemies”.Myexperiencewithmydaughterteachesmethattheabilitytoengage“withtheother”,toformajudgmenttoavoidtoughjudgementsandtoshowsympathyislearnedfirstandpracticedbestathome—evenifasinmycaseitismychildrenwhoteachmethelesson.Researchersbelievethekeytodevelopingthoseabilitiesinourchildrenliesinhowwerespondtotheirfeelingsespeciallythenegativeones.Weshouldallmakeeffortstocreateaworldwhereweareallbetterabletotaketheperspective观点ofothersstayawayfromtoughjudgmentsandrecognizeandrespectthehumanityinthesoulsaroundus.Thisdesiremakesmyownstrugglingtobebetterworthalltheeffortseveryday.语篇解读本文主要介绍了作者在对女儿道歉时,受到女儿回答的影响,意识到我们需要同情和理解对方1.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherdaughtersreactionA.Herdaughterwasnotsokind.B.Herdaughterdidbetterthanher.C.Herdaughterswordsannoyedher.D.Herdaughtershouldmakeanapology.解析选B 细节理解题根据第一段中作者对女儿道歉时女儿的答语可知B项正确2.TheauthormentionstheexampleofMeganinorderto________.A.showthatblacksandJewsaretreatedunfairlyB.judgewhetherwhatMegandidwasrightornotC.showthattherearenoforeverenemiesinourlifeD.provethatpeopleshouldshowunderstandingtoeachother 解析选D 推理判断题作者列举梅甘的例子是为了证明自己前面提到的以及后面还要重复强调的观点,即我们要学会站在对方的角度去看待问题,亦即人们之间要互相理解3.WhydidMeganchangeherattitudetowardsherformer“enemies”?A.Becausesheforgavethematlast.B.Becausesheknewthembetterlater.C.Becauseshemadeherselfunderstoodbythem.D.Becauseshefeltgreatsympathytowardsthem.解析选B 细节理解题根据第三段的内容可知,梅甘之所以把那些人当成敌人,是因为她并没有真正了解那些人,后来通过了解之后发现他们并不是自己以前认为的那样4.WhatstheauthorsattitudetowardourfutureA.Hopeful. B.Doubtful.C.Cautious.D.Worried.解析选A 观点态度题根据最后一段作者说我们要努力创造一个更好地对待别人的世界,远离不公正的判断和尊重周围的人可以看出,作者对未来是抱有希望的B2018·太原一模RecentlyIandotherRedCrossvolunteersmetagroupofvictimsfromHurricaneKatrina.Wewerethereasmentalhealthprofessionalstooffer“psychologicalfirstaid”andIwasstruckbythesimplehealingpowerofpresence.Aswewalkedinthegatetotheshelterweweregreetedwithaburstofgratitude感激fromthefirstpersonwemet.IfeltappreciatedbutalsoguiltybecauseIhadntreallydoneanythingyet.Ifirstrealizedthepowerofpresencemanyyearsagowhenafriendsmotherpassedawayunexpectedly.Ireceivedacallsayingshehadjustpassedaway.Iwantedtorushdownthereimmediatelybutdidntwanttointrude打扰onthisverypersonalperiodofsadness.Iwastornaboutwhattodo.Anotherfriendwithmethensaid“Justgo.Justbethere.”IdidandIwillneverregretit.SincethenIhavenothesitatedtobeinthepresenceofothers.OnceIsatatthebedsideofayoungmansufferingfromthepainofhisAIDSrelateddying.Hewasnotawakeandobviouslyunawareofotherspresence.Howevertheatmospherewasbynomeanssolemn.Hisfamilyplayingguitarsandsingingallowedhimtobepresentwiththemasthoughhewerestillfullyalive.InmylifeIamrepeatedlystruckbythehealingpowerofpresence.Initnoneofusaretrulyalone.Itnotonlyissomethingwegivetoothersbutalsochangesmeforthebetter.语篇解读本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的重要意义5.WhywerethehurricanevictimsgratefultotheauthorA.Hebuiltsheltersforthem.B.Hegaveimmediatefirstaidtothem.C.Hecametostaywiththem.D.Hebroughtmentalhealthprofessionals.解析选C 细节理解题根据第一段的第二句可知,因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起,所以他们感激“我”,故C项正确6.WhatdidtheauthordowhenhisfriendsmotherpassedawayA.Hehesitatedoverwhethertogo.B.Hewenttohisfriendsatonce.C.Heknewwhattodoinstantly.D.Hedecidednottodisturbhisfriend.解析选A 细节理解题根据第二段中的“Iwantedtorushdownthereimmediately...Iwastornaboutwhattodo.”可知,“我”想要立即去朋友那里,但又不愿意去打扰朋友,据此可知,当朋友的母亲去世时,“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solemn”inParagraph3probablymeanA.Heavybutwarm.B.Alittlesadbutcosy.C.Relaxinganddelightful.D.Veryseriousandunhappy.解析选D 词义猜测题根据第三段最后一句中的“Hisfamilyplayingguitarsandsinging”可知,男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌;结合画线词所在句中的“However...nomeans”和第三段第二句中的“ayoungmansufferingfromthepainofhisAIDSrelateddying”可以判断,在家人的陪伴下,气氛并不悲伤和严肃,据此可以判断,画线词意为“严肃的”,故D项正确8.WhathastheauthorlearnedfromhisexperienceA.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B.Beingpresentcanmakeabigdifference.C.Thefamilyharmonyisthehappiestthinginlife.D.Beingavolunteercanmakeoneslifemoresignificant.解析选B 推理判断题根据最后一段的前两句“InmylifeIamrepeatedly...aretrulyalone.”并结合第二段的第一句可知,从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义,故B项正确CSquarefootgardeningisatypeofgardeningmadepopularbyMelBartholemew.Itisbasedontheideathatthewiderowsintraditionalgardeningareawasteoftimeworkwaterandarea.Itshowsthatqualityvegetablescanbegrowninlessspacewithlesswork.Inthismethodthegardenspaceisdividedinto“beds”.Eachbedis4’×4’16sqft120cm×120cm
1.4m2.Thebedsareseparatedbypaths小路.Thesebedsarefurtherdividedintosquaresofaboutonesquarefoot.monspacingisoneplantpersquareforlargerplantssuchasbroccolifourpersquareformediumlargeplantslikelettuceninepersquareformediumsmallplantslikespinachandsixteenpersquareforsmallplantssuchasonionsandcarrots.Theweeds杂草areremovedfromthebedsandtheplantsarewateredfromthepaths.Thisstopsthesoilfrombeingpacted压紧.Benefitsofsquarefootgardening·Muchlesswork.Normalgardeningneedsheavytoolstoloosenthesoil.Inthismethodthesoilisneverpactedanditremainsloose.·Watersavings.Theloosegroundholdsthewaterbetter.Thistypeofgardenneedswaterlessoftenthanothermethods.Alsowaterisplacedveryneartheplantroots.Lesswateriswasted.·Veryfewweeds.Thevegetablesformalivingmulch覆盖物andshadeoutmanyweedsbeforetheycanstarttogrow.·Pesticides杀虫剂arenotneeded.Naturalwaystokeeppestsawayworkverywellinaclosespace.Manydifferenttypesofplantsinasmallareaalsostopplantdiseasesfromspreadingeasily.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文文章介绍了平方尺菜园的操作方法和益处9.WhydoessquarefootgardeningbeepopularA.Itmakesfulluseofspace.B.ItissuggestedbyMelBartholemew.C.Itprovidesmorevegetablesforpeople.D.Itproducesvegetablesofhigherquality.解析选A 细节理解题根据第一段的“Itshowsthatqualityvegetablescanbegrowninlessspacewithlesswork.”可知,平方尺菜园能够充分利用空间10.WhyisthegardeningcalledsquarefootgardeningA.Becausevegetablesaregrowninthesquares.B.Becauseyoucangrowvegetablesanywherebyusingit.C.Becausethesmallestbedinitisonlyonesquarefoot.D.Becausetheplaceswherevegetablesaregrownaretoosmall.解析选C 推理判断题根据其名称和第一段的“Thesebedsarefurtherdividedintosquaresofaboutonesquarefoot.”可知正确答案11.WhatcanweinferfromthetextA.Loosesoilisgoodforplantgrowth.B.Onionsandcarrotsneedmorespace.C.pactedsoilisimportanttosomeplants.D.Squarefootgardeningneedssomeheavytools.解析选A 推理判断题根据第一段最后一句话和下文“Normalgardeningneedsheavytoolstoloosenthesoil.”可知,松散的土壤有利于植物的生长12.WhyaretherefewerweedsinsquarefootgardeningA.Becauseweedkillersareused.B.Becauseweedscantgetsunlight.C.Becauseweedsareshortofwater.D.Becauseweedshavebeenremoved.解析选B 细节理解题从Benefitsofsquarefootgardening的第三条可知,蔬菜遮住了杂草的阳光,因为见不到阳光,所以杂草很少D2018·济南高考模拟Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveIencounteredacourteoushumanbeinginthismodernera.RecentlyIhadtochangemythinkingwhenIcamefacetofacewithjustsuchahumanbeinginacoffeeplacewithmytwodaughters.Theplacewascrowdedasusualandwehadtoclimbsteep陡的stairsinordertofindanemptytable.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnackswewentdownthenarrowstairswheretherewashardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporedown.JustasIwasinthemiddleofthestairsamanenteredthemainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthestaircase楼梯.IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.IkeptingdownasfastasIcould.MydaughterswerealreadydownlookingupatmeworriedlyhopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedwalkingupthestairsknowingIwasanervoussort.NearlyreachingthemInoticedthemanstillstandingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersandpassedthestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedbackthinkinghewasstillatthedoordecidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.Isawhimgoingupthestairstwoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfeltbadthatwedidnoteventhankthecourteousgentlemanwhowasactuallyholdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthroughbeforegoingup.Suchwellmanneredpeoplearehardtofindthesedayswhenpushingisverymoninouradvancedbutaggressivesociety.Weapplaudedforhischivalry彬彬有礼.语篇解读在这个忙碌的现代社会,彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情,并赞扬了这种良好的品质13.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“courtesy”inParagraph1A.Abraveaction.B.Sacrificespirit.C.Aconsiderateaction.D.Selfishbehavior.解析选C 词义猜测题根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出,这是一种体贴的行为,故选C项14.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthemanatthefirstsightofhim? A.Hewasinahurry.B.Hewouldwaitforher.C.Hewouldpassherrudely.D.Hewasamanwithgoodmanners.解析选C 细节理解题根据第三段中的“IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.”可知,作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯,故选C项15.WhatcanwelearnaboutthemanfromParagraph4A.Hemightbeawaiterofthecafé.B.Hemighthaveanurgentbusinesstodo.C.Helovedadaughteroftheauthor.D.Hewouldholdthedooropenforall.解析选B 推理判断题根据第四段中的“Isawhimgoingupthestairstwoatatime.”以及下文谈到她们都来不及对那个男人说一声谢谢可推知,那个男人上楼梯,一次上两级台阶,应该是有急事要做,故选B项Ⅱ.阅读七选五2018·郑州市第一次质量预测DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappyPsychologists心理学家havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappinessbutjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudyresearchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedtohappiness.__1__Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.LatelastyearPrincetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedonesandisntmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Stillchattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.InaseriesofexperimentspsychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.__2__Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedwithoursurroundings.PeoplewhosmiledatmadeeyecontactwithandbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas服务员reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction交易.__3__Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoersthevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedwiththeexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.__4__Inonestudypeoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirownandhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure透露.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.__5__A.Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B.Butdontplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.C.Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedtohappiness.D.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.E.Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.F.A“curiousmindset”,theauthorconcludedcanleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.G.Ofcoursesomepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.语篇解读本文主要讲述了聊天会让人开心1.选B 根据上文的“Inonestudyresearchers...relatedtohappiness.”和下文的“Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.”可知,空格前后表示转折关系,所以选B项“但是,不要贬低聊天的重要性”2.选D 根据下文的“Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.”可推知,应选D项那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客说旅途更加愉快3.选A 根据下文的“chatwithgallerygoers”可知,应选A项参观美术馆的人也有同样的感受4.选G 根据本段中对两类人的介绍可推知,有些人更擅长把聊天话题扩大,所以选G项5.选F 根据上文的“Butpeoplewhowere...intopersonalexchanges.”可推知,具有好奇心的人会与他人进行积极的社交互动,所以选F项。