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Unit5Firstaid高考试卷分块专练Ⅰ.阅读理解AMostbuildingsarebuilttostandupstraightbuttheselookasiftheymightfallover!ThechurchtowerofSuurhusenBuiltin1450the27metrehighchurchtowerliesinSuurhusenGermany.Itwasbuiltinwetlandonfoundationsofoaktreetrunks树干.Whenthelandwasdrained排水laterthewoodbrokedowncausingonesideofthetowertobealittlelowerthantheother.In1975thetowerbecamearealhazardandpeoplewerenotallowedtoenteruntilthefoundationsweremadestrongagain.Thelean倾斜ofthetowerisnowaboutfivedegrees.TheLeaningTowerofPisaTheworkofbuildingthetowerbeganin1173andwasfinallypletedin
1372.Infactitbegantoleanafterjustacoupleoffloorswerebuilt.Andthisconditioncontinuedinthecenturiesafteritspletion.Thetowerwasfinallyclosedtothepublicin1990afterpeoplefailedtostabilize使稳固itsfoundations.In2001itwasreopenedafterengineersremovedsoilfromunderneathitsraisedside.Nowitleansjustanangleof
3.97degrees.CapitalGateofAbuDhabipletedin2011theCapitalGatetowerinAbuDhabiwasdesignedtoleaneighteendegrees.ThebuildingstandsnexttotheAbuDhabiNationalExhibitionCentreandcontainsamongotherthingsafinehotelwithwonderfulviewsoftheharbour.AlsoknownastheleaningtowerofAbuDhabithetowerisoneofthetallestbuildingsinthecity.BigBenofLondonThebuildingleans
0.26degreestothenorthwest.Thiswasmainlycausedbytheengineeringprojects项目thathavebeencarriedoutinthegroundbelowitsincethelate1800s.Thetowerwhichhasbeencontinuouslyopensinceitwaspletedin1858hasnowhereneartheleanoftheTowerofPisaandisstillpletelysafetoenter.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了四座闻名世界的斜塔1.Theunderlinedword“hazard”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”.A.danger B.churchC.castleD.treasure解析选A 词义猜测题由该词后的“peoplewerenotallowedtoenteruntilthefoundationsweremadestrongagain”可知,塔由于倾斜变得危险了,所以不允许人们进去了,故选A项2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLeaningTowerofPisaA.Itdidntleanuntiltenyearsafteritspletion.B.Ittookalmosttwohundredyearstoplete.C.Itwasbuiltonfoundationsofoaktreetrunks.D.Ithasbeenopensinceitwaspleted.解析选B 细节理解题由第三段中的“Theworkofbuildingthetowerbeganin1173andwasfinallypletedin
1372.”可知,建成比萨斜塔用了将近200年的时间,故选B项3.WhichofthefollowingtowersleansthemostaccordingtothetextA.ThechurchtowerofSuurhusen.B.TheLeaningTowerofPisa.C.CapitalGateofAbuDhabi.D.BigBenofLondon.解析选C 细节理解题由第二段中的“fivedegrees”,第三段中的“
3.97degrees”,第四段中的“eighteendegrees”和最后一段中的“
0.26degrees”可知,C项为正确答案BFirstaidisemergencycareforavictimofsuddenillnessorinjuryuntilmoreskillfulmedicaltreatmentisavailable.Itmaysavealife.Inmanyemergenciesfirstaidmaypreventavictimsconditionfromturningworseandproviderelieffrompain.Firstaidmustbeadministeredasquicklyaspossible.Inthecaseofthecriticallyinjuredafewminutescanmakeadifference.Firstaidmeasuresdependuponthevictimsneedsandtheproviderslevelofknowledgeandskill.Knowingwhatnottodoinanemergencyisasimportantasknowingwhattodo.Improperlymovingapersonwithaneckinjuryforexamplecanleadtopermanentspinal脊柱的injuryandparalysis瘫痪.Despitethevarietyofinjuriesseveralprinciplesoffirstaidcanapplytoallemergencies.Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedicalhelp.Thevictimifconsciousshouldbereassuredthatmedicalaidhasbeenrequestedandaskedforpermissiontoprovideanyfirstaid.Nextassessthesceneaskingpeoplearoundortheinjuredpersonsfamilyorfriendsaboutdetailsoftheinjuryorillnessanycarethatmayhavealreadybeengivenandpreexistingconditionssuchasdiabetes糖尿病orhearttrouble.Thevictimshouldbecheckedforamedicalcardthatdescribesspecialmedicalconditions.Unlesstheaccidentscenebeesunsafeorthevictimmaysufferfurtherinjurydonotmovethevictim.Firstaidrequiresrapidassessmentofvictimstodeterminewhetherlifethreateningconditionsexist.Onemethodforevaluatingavictimsconditionisknownastheacronym首字母缩略词ABCwhichstandsfor A—Airway:IsitopenandclearB—Breathing:IsthepersonbreathingLooklistenandfeelforbreathing.C—Circulation:IsthereapulseIsthepersonbleedingexternallyCheckskincolorandtemperatureforadditionalindicationsofcirculationproblems.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章主要讲的是急救的重要性以及如何实施急救
4.FirstaidmaybringaboutallthefollowingresultsEXCEPT________.A.savingavictimslifeB.preventingavictimsconditionfromgettingworseC.relievingavictimfrompainD.helpingapersonavoidsuddenillnessorinjury解析选D 细节理解题根据第一段中的“Itmaysave...providerelieffrompain.”可知A、B、C三项的内容均为急救的作用再根据对急救的描述可知,急救不能避免突发的疾病或伤害5.Beforeweofferfirstaidtoavictimitisveryimportantforusto________.A.makesurewhattodoandwhatnottodoB.refertoallkindsofhandbooksonfirstaidC.removethemedicalcardhe/shemaytakeD.takehim/hertoahospitalatonce解析选A 细节理解题根据第二段中的“Knowingwhatnottodo...knowingwhattodo.”可知A项正确6.Whengivingfirstaidtoavictimyoushouldfirstofall________.A.removehim/herfromtheaccidentsceneB.turnhim/heroverC.callforprofessionalmedicalhelpD.examinehim/hercarefully解析选C 细节理解题根据第三段的第二句话“Thefirststepistocallforprofessionalmedicalhelp.”可知,首先是寻找专业的医疗帮助,故选C7.YoumayassessavictimsconditionbyallthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.checkingwhetherthereisapulseB.lookinglisteningandfeelingforbreathingC.measuringhis/herbloodpressureD.examiningwhethertheairwayisopenandclear解析选C 细节理解题根据文章最后一段的内容可知A、B、D三项均表述正确,而C项没有提及,故应选CCSometimesveryoddthingsshowupinordinaryplaces.Inthe1800sastrangesightbegantobereportedbyfarmers.Theninthe1970sthisstrangeeventbegantohappenmoreandmoreoften.Peopletraveledformilestostandinthefieldsandtakephotosofsomethingtheycouldnteasilyexplain.WhatweretheylookingatItwasthecropcircles—largeandplex复杂的designssetintothemiddleofordinaryfarmfields.Noonecouldunderstandhowthesehugedesignsweremade.Cropcirclesarefoundmostofteninfieldsofwheatcornorrice.Theyareusuallycreatedovernightalthoughsomearereportedtohaveappearedduringtheday.Theyhavebeenseenallaroundtheworldinmorethan70differentcountries.Scientistshavefoundthattheplantsinsideacropcirclearedrierthantheonesoutsideit.Theplantstems茎arebentandnotbrokeninmostcropcirclesandsometimesthesoilinthedesignhasmoreironthanthesoiloutsideofthedesign.Unfortunatelythesefactsalonedonothelpscientistsanswertheirquestionsaboutcropcircles.Thesefactsonlymakethemmoremysterious.SomepeoplebelievecropcirclesaremadebyUFOsUnidentifiedFlyingObjectslandinginfarmfields.Othersthinkaliens外星人areleavingusmessagesinthebeautifuldesigns.StillothersbelieveEarthenergyunderthegroundmakesplantsbendoverindesigns.Somepeoplesaytheyactuallymadethecropcircleswithspecialequipment.Scientistshavefoundsomecropcirclesthatarecertainlymadebypeoplebuttheyareusuallyalittledifferentfromothercropcircles.Sowhomakescropcirclesandwhytheymakethemcantbeexplainedtothisveryday.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了麦田怪圈的相关知识8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“odd”inParagraph1probablymeanA.Big.B.Bad.C.Unreal.D.Unusual.解析选D 词义猜测题根据第一段中的“astrangesightsomethingtheycouldnteasilyexplain”以及“Noonecouldunderstandhow”可知,这些提示信息均指向一些人们无法理解的不寻常的事情9.Itsgenerallythoughtthatcropcircles________.A.aremadeduringthenightB.happeninthesameplacesC.arefoundinterribleplacesD.haveveryfrighteningdesigns解析选A 细节理解题根据第二段中的“Theyareusuallycreatedovernight”可知,人们普遍认为麦田怪圈是一夜之间形成的10.WhichofthefollowinghavethescientistsprovedA.Somecropcirclesaremanmade.B.UFOshelpcreatesomecropcircles.C.Thereactuallyarecropcirclesmadebyaliens.D.Earthenergyisonereasonforcropcirclesappearance.解析选A 细节理解题根据最后一段中的“Scientistshavefoundsomecropcirclesthatarecertainlymadebypeople”可知,科学家已经证实有一些麦田怪圈是有人蓄意为之11.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.TheHistoryofCropCirclesB.DifferentDesignsofCropCirclesC.CropCircles:TheUnsolvedMysteryD.CropCircles:TheGreatInfluenceonFarms解析选C 标题归纳题文章第一段点出“Noonecouldunderstandhowthesehugedesignsweremade”,最后一段中的“whomakescropcirclesandwhytheymakethemcantbeexplainedtothisveryday”再次点明文章的主题,即麦田怪圈一直是个不解之谜故C项作标题概括了文章主旨DAreyouatleast17yearsoldDoyouweighmorethan110poundsDoyouconsideryourselffairlyhealthyIfyouansweredyestoallofthesequestionsyoushouldbedonating捐赠bloodeverytwomonths.InmysurveyofmyschoolmatesIfoundthatonly50percentofthemhaveeverdonatedbloodandthatonly1outof13ofthemdonateregularly.Thelack缺少ofblooddonorsisaseriousproblemthatrequiresimmediateaction.AccordingtotheAmericanRedCrossWebpagesintheUnitedStatesalonesomeonereceivesabloodtransfusion输血onceeverythreeseconds.Peoplewhobenefitfromdonationsincludecancerpatientsaswellasbabies.Theneedforbloodnevertakesavacationandneithershoulddonors.LetmetellyouaboutBrookeathreeyearoldgirlwithcancer.Brookehasspentabouthalfofherlifeinthehospitalreceivingtreatments.Hertreatmentwillrequireabout500unitsofbloodintotalofwhichonly250unitshavebeenreplaced.Shestillneedstheotherhalfofthetotalamounttocontinuehertreatment.Ifshedoesntreceivethisbloodshewillnotlivetostartkindergarten.ExampleslikeBrookesarebeingalltoomonthesedayswithonly1in20Americansdonatingbloodandthisnumberkeepsdroppingeachyear.Thesefactsareextremelyworryingconsideringthatnearlyhalfofusherewillneedbloodsometimeinourlives.Youcannowseetheseriousnessoftheproblemwiththelackofblooddonations.Fortunatelyitisaproblemthatcanbeeasilysolved.Eachandeveryoneofyoucanbepartofthesolution.AllyouhavetodoisgotothenearestRedCrossanddonateyourblood.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文作者在文中论述了义务献血的紧迫性12.HowdoestheauthorexplaintheproblemmentionedinParagraph2A.Byansweringquestions.B.Bymakingparisons.C.Bypresentingresearchfindings.D.Bydescribinghisownexperiences.解析选C 写作手法题根据第二段中的“InmysurveyofmyschoolmatesIfoundthat...”可知,作者在第二段主要是通过陈述自己的研究发现来解释说明献血者少这一问题13.WhatcanwelearnfromtheAmericanRedCrossWebpagesA.Thesufferingofpatients.B.Thestrongneedforblood.C.TheeffortsoftheRedCross.D.Thebenefitsoftakingvacations.解析选B 推理判断题根据第三段中的“intheUnitedStatesalonesomeonereceivesabloodtransfusion输血onceeverythreeseconds”和“Theneedforbloodnevertakesavacation”不难看出市场对血液的强烈需求14.ThethreeyearoldgirlBrooke________.A.doesntgetfairtreatmentinthehospitalB.willneedanother250unitsofbloodC.staysalivebyreceivingblooddailyD.cantwaittostartkindergarten解析选B 细节理解题根据第四段中的“Hertreatmentwillrequireabout500unitsofbloodintotalofwhichonly250unitshavebeenreplaced.Shestillneedstheotherhalfofthetotalamounttocontinuehertreatment.”可知,Brooke还需要250单位的血液15.WhatisthepurposeofthetextA.Topersuadepeopletodonateblood.B.Topresentsomenewmedicalresults.C.Tocallonpeopletosavealittlegirl.D.Toexplaintherisksofblooddonation.解析选A 写作目的题通读全文可知,本文的目的是劝说人们义务献血Ⅱ.阅读七选五CatsinancientEgyptManyofuslovecats.Theyarebeautifulsoftcleverandloving.TheancientEgyptians埃及人consideredcatsalsoknownasMautobeveryimportant.Theyhonoredthemwithgreatrespect尊敬.__1__Foronethingcatshelpedpeoplebykeepingtheirhomesfreeofmiceratsandsnakes.WithoutcatsEgyptcouldnothavebeentheimportantgraingrowing谷物种植centerthatitwas.__2__ThoughIdontknowwhatotherpetstheEgyptianshadcatswereprobablythemostimportant.Catswerealsotrainedtohelphunters猎人.__3__TheEgyptianslovedcatssomuchthatBastanEgyptiangoddesswaspicturedintheformofacat.Bastappearedinartwork.Shewastheprotectorofthehouse.Thisideamadeaspecialconnectionbetweencatsandchildren.__4__ThesafetyofallcatswasofgreatconcerntoancientEgyptians.__5__ForeignerssometimestookcatsoutofEgyptsecretlyandtookthemtootherlands.Theytradedthemfortreasuresintheselands.EgyptiansoldiersweresenttopickupcatsfoundinothercountriesandbringthembackhometoEgypt.A.Thereweregoodreasonsforthat.B.TwotypesofcatsappearedinancientEgypt.C.Ingrainfieldscatshelpedcatchratsandmice.D.Theywereabletohelppickupthewoundedbirds.E.TherewereevenlawsagainstgettingacatoutofEgypt.F.Anyonewhokilledacatonpurposewouldbeputtodeath.G.ThatswhymostEgyptianfamilieshadcatsforgoodluck.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了猫在古埃及人生活中的重要地位1.选A 由下文的“Foronethingcatshelped...andsnakesWithoutcatsEgypt...centerthatitwas.”和“Catswerealsotrainedtohelphunters猎人.”可知,作者对古埃及人喜爱猫的原因进行了分析,故选A项2.选C 由该空前的“WithoutcatsEgypt...centerthatitwas.”可知,要是没有猫来帮助消灭老鼠的话,古埃及不可能成为重要的谷物种植中心,故选C项3.选D 由该空前的“Catswerealsotrainedtohelphunters猎人.”可知,D项内容符合此处语境4.选G 由该段所讲述的守护神Bast可知,在古埃及很多家庭都饲养猫以求好运,故选G项5.选E 由该空后的“ForeignerssometimestookcatsoutofEgyptsecretly”和“Egyptiansoldiers...bringthembackhometoEgypt.”可知,应该有法律规定不许将猫带出埃及,故选E项。