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1.完形填空DoyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientistAsuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull__1__ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesntacceptideaswhicharenot__2__onobviousfactsandtherefore__3__toacceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas__4__andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseof__5__sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto__6__asfarbackasthe__7__ofRogerBaconthewonderfulphilosopherofOxfordwholived__8__theyears1214and
1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgestosuggestthatwemustlearnscience__9__observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundusandhehimself__10__manyimportanttruths.Galileo15641642howeverwholivedmorethan300yearslaterwasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItalyFranceGermanyandEngland__11__begantoshowhowmanyimportant__12__couldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileolearnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore__13__towardstheearththansmallones__14__Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileogoingtothe__15__oftheLeaningTowerofPisaletfalltwo__16__stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileos__17__ofgoingdirecttoNatureandprovingour__18__andtheoriesbyexperimentthathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What__19__thosepeoplegoodscientistsFromtheexampleofGalileoweknowitclearlythatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave__20__betterresults.篇章导读本文是一篇议论文作者通过实例阐明自己的观点一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者,不能盲目相信他人,应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论1.A.useB.timeC.speedD.trust答案A 根据语境可知,此处是makeuseof“利用,使用”这一固定词组2.A.reliedB.basedC.insistedD.centered答案B 根据该空前的“Hedoesntacceptideas”和后面的“onobviousfacts”可知,此处是bebasedon/upon这个固定词组,表示“以……为基础,基于……”3.A.refusesB.desiresC.intendsD.regrets答案A 由空格前面的“doesntaccept”和“andtherefore”可知,此处应选refuses,表示“拒绝”4.A.casuallyB.carefullyC.quicklyD.secretly答案B 结合语境“Healwayschecksideas”和后面的“makesexperimentstoprovethem”可知,此处表示仔细地核查那些观点5.A.naturalB.physicalC.ancientD.modern答案D 根据下一段的最后一句话中的“thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience”可知,此处表示modernscience“现代科学”的兴起6.A.dateB.keepC.lookD.e答案A 由下文的“theyears1214and1292”可知,现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期dateback是一个固定词组,意为“追溯到”7.A.studyB.timeC.yearD.birth答案B 结合空格后面的“theyears1214and1292”可知,此处表示罗杰·培根那个时代time这里指“时代,年代”8.A.bothB.eachC.betweenD.among答案C 根据空格后面的“theyears1214and1292”可知,此处应选between与and连用,表示“在……和……之间”9.A.inB.withC.onD.by答案D 根据后面的“observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus”可知,此处表示通过by观察我们周围的事情并做实验,因此选by10.A.broughtB.discoveredC.tookD.gave答案B 结合空格后面的“manyimportanttruths”可知,他本人发现discovered了很多重要的真理11.A.whoB.whenC.thatD.where答案A 结合空格前面的“wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen”可知,先行词是men,故用who引导定语从句12.A.truthsB.problemsC.peopleD.subjects答案A 由空后的“couldbediscoveredbyobservation”及上文第10空所在句子可知,很多真理可以通过观察得到发现truth“事实,真理”13.A.slowlyB.rapidlyC.lightlyD.heavily答案B 结合空格前面的“largebodiesfellmore”和后面的“towardstheearththansmallones”可知,在Galileo之前,学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快,因此选rapidly“迅速地”14.A.althoughB.becauseC.whenD.if答案B 根据“Aristotlesaidso”的意思可知,这里表示因为because亚里士多德是这样说的15.A.placeB.footC.topD.ceiling答案C 结合空格后面的“oftheLeaningTowerofPisaletfalltwo__16__stones”可知,伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶16.A.bigB.smallC.equalD.unequal答案D 由第13空中的关键信息“largebodies”和“smallones”可知,此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头,因此选unequal“不相等的”17.A.spiritB.skillC.theoryD.discovery答案A 由后面的“ofgoingdirecttoNature”可知,此处表示探索自然的精神spirit18.A.plansB.opinionsC.worldD.ability答案B 与后面的“andtheoriesbyexperiment”中的theories呼应,此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点opinions和理论19.A.makesB.preventsC.considersD.promises答案A 由下文中的“arethosewhoseobservationshave__20__betterresults”可知,此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”make“使……变成”符合句意20.A.foreseenB.rejectedC.producedD.challenged答案C 结合上文中所举的例子可知,观察已经产生produced了更好的结果
2.语法填空2017年广西南宁、钦州市高三二模Saltisamusthaveseasoning调味品inourhomes.But
1.________havetoomuchofitmaycausehealthproblemsfromstrokestoheartdisease.SoshouldwejustgiveitupWellforsalt
2.________lovewhoalsoliketolookaftertheirhealththegoodnewsisthatJapanesescientistshavegivenusaguiltfreewayofenjoyingtheseasoning.Theyvecreatedanelectricsaltflavoredfork.TheElectroForkcanrunforsixhourswithoutcharginganditis
3.________helptogivefoodasaltytaste.It
4.________developbyTokyoUniversityaspartoftheNoSaltRestaurantprojectin2016whichaimedtooffereitherlowsalt
5.________saltfreefood.Therestaurantopened
6.________itdoorsforatrialonApril
10.HowdoyougettotastesaltAllyouhavetodo
7.________betopressthebuttononthefork.Thenitreleasesanelectricalcurrentandstimulates刺激yourtongue.Apart
8.________stimulatingthetonguetomakeyoutastesaltinessthisdevicecanalsobeused
9.________letyoutastesourness.Itisbasedonthefact
10.________ahumantonguefeelssaltyorsourwhenelectricityisappliedtoitaccordingtoTheTelegraphnewspaper.本文是一篇说明文,介绍日本科学家发明了一种电子咸味叉子,以减少人们食盐的摄入1.having 现在分词短语做主语2.lovers 从后面的关系词who可以看出,此处要有一个表示人的名词,而从句的谓语是复数,故填lovers3.helpful 句意对于给予食物咸味,它是有帮助的用形容词词性4.wasdeveloped 做句子的谓语表示“被TokyoUniversity研发”,要用被动语态时间是“in2016”,要用一般过去时5.or either...or...意为“要么……要么……”6.its 修饰doors用形容词性物主代词its7.is 做句子的谓语,主语是all,表示“你要做的事”,谓语用单数形式8.from apartfrom意为“除……以外”,为固定搭配9.tolet beusedtodo意为“被用来做……”10.that 引导同位语从句,表示fact的内容
3.语法填空IdliketosaysomethingaboutWeChat.Nowadaysit__1__beemoreandmorepopularinChina.Nomatterwherewearewecansendtextorvoicemessagestoourfriends.Wecanalsofindsomeone__2__talktobyshakingourcellphones.AndWeChatcanhelpsearchforpeople__3__usethisapplicationnearby.Manypeoplelikethisfunction功能__4__itcanhelpthemmakemorenewfriends.AllinallWeChatisreally__5__usefulchatting聊天tool.Itallowsustomunicateandshareour__6__feelwithothersmoreeasily.Howeveritmayalsodoharmtopeopleespeciallytostudents.AsyouseesomepeopleuseWeChatfortoolongeverydaywhichisofcoursebad__7__theirhealth.SoitisveryimportantthatweuseWeChatinacorrectway.Whilestudyingweshouldnotuseit.Andwemustbecarefulnottogiveawaytoomuch__8__personinformationortruststrangerssomuch.Orwemightbeeasilycheatedonline.InawordweshouldlearnhowtouseWeChat__9__proper.RememberWeChatisnoteverythingin__10__youlife.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文作为一款功能非常强大的交际应用程序,微信已经被广泛使用但是,我们应该合理使用它1.isbeing 根据“nowadays”及“moreandmore”可知,这里用现在进行时2.totalk “totalkto”是动词不定式短语作后置定语,修饰不定代词someone3.using people是动词use所表示动作逻辑上的主语,故用现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰people4.because/for 主句和从句之间在意义上存在因果关系,故用because/for引导原因状语从句5.a 微信是一个有用的聊天工具,故用不定冠词6.feelings 形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填feel的名词形式feeling的复数形式feeling意为“情感,感情”7.for bebadfor...为固定短语,意为“对……有害”8.personal 空格中所填单词在句中修饰名词information,故填person的形容词形式9.properly 空格中所填单词在句中修饰动词use,故填proper的副词形式10.your 名词前用形容词性物主代词修饰
4.短文填空2017年河南百校联盟英语试题Itseemsthatiftheresultisbadwhichpeopleworkforwillbemeaningless.Personallyspeaktheprocessoffightingforthegoalislessimportantthantheresult.Whenwefightforourgoalswewillbedevotedwhatwearedoingandtrytoimproveus.Ifwefailintheendwhenwelookbackonthebeginningwewillfindthatwearenolongerthechildishone.Wehavegrownup.Whatsthemoreintheprocessoffightingwegotclosetosuccessasthesayinggoesthatfailurearethemotherofsuccess.Sodonttreattheresultsoserious;justenjoytheprocess.第一处which→whatwhat引导主语从句,做从句中workfor的宾语第二处speak→speakingpersonallyspeaking就我个人而言,是固定用法第三处less→more过程比结果“更重要”第四处devoted后加tobedevotedto投入于,是固定搭配第五处us→ourselves我们要提高“我们自己”,用反身代词第六处one→ones这里代替的是we,要用复数ones第七处去掉theWhatsmore是固定搭配,意为“更重要的是”第八处got→get这里讲的是一贯的事情,应用一般现在时第九处are→is主语是failure,是不可数名词,谓语用单数形式第十处serious→seriously修饰谓语treat做状语,用副词seriously
5.短文改错Alicemybestfrienddevotesmanyenergytoherlessons.Sheisalwaysoneofthetopstudentinourclass.Shelovesthemusicsomuchthatshemadeitaruletoenjoysongsinhersparetime.Aliceisalwayswillingtohelpotherandsheoftenhelpsuswithourlessons.Asavolunteershehassuccessfulorganizedsomevoluntaryactivities.Wepaidavisitanursinghomelastmonthsowepickeduprubbishnearourschool.Thatwedidwaswarmlyweled.WinhonorforourschoolAliceiswellknowntousclassmates.答案Alicemybestfrienddevotesenergytoherlessons.Sheisalwaysoneofthetopinourclass.Sheloveseq\o\s\do14
③musicsomuchthatsheitaruletoenjoysongsinhersparetime.Aliceisalwayswillingtohelp,andsheoftenhelpsuswithourlessons.Asavolunteershehasorganizedsomevoluntaryactivities.Wepaidavisitanursinghomelastmonthwepickeduprubbishnearourschool.wedidwaswarmlyweled.honorforourschoolAliceiswellknowntousclassmates.1.many→much 考查限定词energy作“精力;活力”之意时,为不可数名词,应用much修饰;many用于修饰可数名词的复数形式2.student→students 考查名词的复数student为可数名词,其前有oneof...,表示“……之一”,因此,此处应用复数形式3.去掉music前的the 考查冠词music为抽象名词,此处表泛指,其前不加定冠词故将the删除4.made→makes 考查动词的时态根据“inhersparetime”可知,此处描述的是通常的情况,故用一般现在时,与前面的Sheloves时态一致5.other→others 考查不定代词根据下文中的“sheoftenhelpsuswithourlessons”可知,艾丽斯总是乐于帮助其他人,应用代词others,表泛指6.successful→successfully 考查副词分析句子结构可知,organized为动词,故用副词修饰7.visit后加to 考查固定搭配payavisitto...为固定搭配,意为“拜访……”8.so→and 考查连词根据语境可知,上个月我们做了两件事,“去了疗养院”及“在学校附近捡垃圾”,不存在因果关系,两者之间是并列关系,应用连词and连接9.That→What 考查主语从句的连接词分析句子结构可知,本句是含有主语从句的主从复合句,从句中谓语动词did之后缺宾语,故用what引导该从句,意为“我们做的事受到了热烈的欢迎”10.Win→Winning 考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,主语为Aliceis为谓语,故此处应用非谓语动词形式,又因Alice与win之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此,应用现在分词作状语。